CE Additional Mathematics 2007 Suggested Solution

Section A
1. [3 marks]
x4 + 1 x3 x −1
∫ x2
dx = ∫ x 2 + x −2 dx = +
3 −1
+C

x3 1
= − + C , where C is a constant
3 x

2. [3 marks]
0 −2
1 −3
1 1
Area of the quad. = 2 0 = (2k − 2k + 2 + 6) = 4 sq. units
2 2
k k
0 −2

3. [4 marks]
cos x − 2 cos 2 x + cos 3 x = 0
cos x + cos 3 x = 2 cos 2 x

2 cos 2 x cos(− x) = 2 cos 2 x

2 cos 2 x cos x = 2 cos 2 x

(
cos 2 x 2 cos x − 2 = 0 )
2
cos 2 x = 0 or cos x =
2
2 x = 360 n ± 90 or x = 360D n ± 45D
D D
where n is any integer
x = 180D n ± 45D or x = 360D n ± 45D
∴ x = 180D n ± 45D

4. [4 marks]
d 2 ⎡⎣( x + Δx) 2 + 1⎤⎦ − ⎡⎣ x 2 + 1⎤⎦
( x + 1) = lim
dx Δx → 0 Δx
x 2 + 2 xΔx + Δx 2 + 1 − x 2 − 1
= lim
Δx → 0 Δx
= lim (2 x + Δx)
Δx → 0

= 2x

1
5. [5 marks]
1 1 1 1 1
Let P (n) : − − 2 − ⋅⋅⋅ − n = n
a −1 a a a a (a − 1)
When n = 1
1 1 a − a +1 1
L.S. of P (1) = − = =
a − 1 a a(a − 1) a (a − 1)
1
R.S. of P (1) =
a(a − 1)
∴ P(1) is true.
Assume P (k ) is true, where k is any positive integer
1 1 1 1 1
i.e. − − 2 − ⋅⋅⋅ − k = k
a −1 a a a a (a − 1)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
− − 2 − ⋅⋅⋅ − k − k +1 = k − k +1
a −1 a a a a a (a − 1) a
1 1
= − k +1
a (a − 1) a
k

a − a +1 1
= k +1
= k +1
a (a − 1) a (a − 1)
∴ P(k + 1) is true.
By the principle of M.I., P (n) is true for all positive integer n .

6. [5 marks]
Equate cos x = sin 2 x
cos x = 2sin x cos x
cos x(1 − 2sin x) = 0
π π
∴x = or (Rejected)
6 2
Area of the shaded region
π
π
⎡ cos 2 x ⎤ 6
0∫
= 6 cos x − sin 2 xdx = ⎢sin x +
⎣ 2 ⎥⎦ 0

⎛ π 1 π ⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ 1 1 1 1
= ⎜ sin + cos ⎟ − ⎜ 0 + ⎟ = + − =
⎝ 6 2 3⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ 2 4 2 4

7. [5 marks]
⎛ 1 ⋅ (−3) + 2 ⋅ (2) 1 ⋅ 4 + 2 ⋅1 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞
(a) C =⎜ , ⎟ = ⎜ ,2⎟
⎝ 2 +1 2 +1 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠
2
⎛2⎞ 40 2 5
(b) OA = 2 + 1 = 5 , OC = ⎜ ⎟ + 22 =
2 2
, AC = (2 − ) 2 + (2 − 1) 2 =
⎝3⎠ 9 3 3

2
 40 25
5+
−
cos ∠AOC = 9 9 = 1
40 2
2 5
9
40 2 10
OC = , OB = 22 + 42 = 20 , BC = (−2 − ) 2 + (4 − 2) 2 =
9 3 3
40 100
+ 20 −
cos ∠BOC = 9 9 = 1
40 2
2 20
9
∴∠AOC = ∠BOC

8. [5 marks]
JJJG JJJG JJJG
(a) BC = OC − OB
JJJG
= kOA − (2i + 6 j) = k (6i + 3 j) − (2i + 6 j)

= (6k − 2)i + (3k − 6) j

JJJG JJJG
(b) BC ⋅ OA = 0

[(6k − 2)i + (3k − 6) j] ⋅ [6i + 3j] = 0

36k − 12 + 9k − 18 = 0
2
k=
3

9. [5 marks]
2
⎛ x⎞
(a) y + ⎜ ⎟ = 25
2

⎝2⎠

x 2 + 4 y 2 = 100
dx dy
(b) Differentiate above equation w.r.t. t , we have 2 x + 8y = 0.
dt dt
dy dx 16 y 8 y
We have = −2 , ∴ = = .
dt dt 2x x
When y = 3 , x = 8
dx 8 ⋅ 3
∴ = = 3 m/s
dt 8

3
10. [5 marks]
f '(1) 2 3
(a) By similar triangle, = , ∴ f '(1) =
3 4 2
(b) x -coordinate of turning point = 4
1
As f "( x) = − ∴ f "(4) = − ve
2
∴ f ( x) attains its maximum when x = 4 .

11. [5 marks]
(a) When 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , we have x − 1 ≤ 0 and x ≥ 0
∴− ( x − 1) = x − 1
∴− x + 1 = x − 1
∴x =1
(b) When x < 0 , we have x − 1 < 0
∴− ( x − 1) = − x − 1
∴− x + 1 = − x − 1 Rejected
When x > 1 , x − 1 , x > 0
∴ x −1 = x −1
∴ x > 1 is the solution
Hence, the overall solution is x ≥ 1 .

12. [6 marks]
n
(1 − 2 x + x 2 ) n = ⎡⎣1 − (2 x − x 2 ) ⎤⎦

= 1 − C1n (2 x − x 2 ) + C2n (2 x − x 2 ) 2 − C3n (2 x − x 2 )3 + ⋅⋅⋅

n(n − 1) n(n − 1)(n − 2)

= 1 − n(2 x − x 2 ) + (4 x 2 − 4 x3 + ⋅⋅⋅) − (8 x3 + ⋅⋅⋅) + ⋅⋅⋅
2 6
Coefficient of x 2 = n + 2n(n − 1) = 66
2n 2 − n − 66 = 0
(2n + 11)(n − 6) = 0
11
∴ n = 6 or n = − (Rejected)
2
6⋅5 6⋅5⋅ 4
∴ coefficient of x3 = (−4) − ⋅ 8 = −60 − 160 = −220
2 6

13. [7 marks]

⎧ y = x2
(a) ⎨
⎩ y = mx − 2m

x 2 − mx + 2m = 0 ...........(*)
4
 Δ = m 2 − 4 ⋅ 2m = m 2 − 8m
Δ>0
m 2 − 8m > 0
m(m − 8) > 0
∴ m > 8 or m < 0
(b) (i) Let the mid-point of AB be M (a, b)
From (*)
⎛ m⎞ m
a = −⎜− ⎟ =
⎝ 2⎠ 2
m m 2 − 4m
b = m⋅ − 2m =
2 2

⎛ m m 2 − 4m ⎞
(ii) As x + y = 5 bisect AB , ∴ ⎜ , ⎟ lies on x + y = 5
⎝2 2 ⎠

m m 2 − 4m
+ =5
2 2
m 2 − 3m − 10 = 0
m = −2 or m = 5
by (a) m = 5 is rejected, ∴ m = −2 .

Section B
14. (a) [3 marks]
Let BC = h , BX = b and AB = a

∴ XC = b 2 + h 2 and AC = a 2 + h 2

also AX = a 2 − b

AX 2 + XC 2 = (a 2 − b 2 ) + (b 2 + h 2 ) = a 2 + h 2
∴ AX 2 + XC 2 = AC 2
∴ AX ⊥ XC
(b) [9 marks]
(i) Let FB = A , AX = h
1 + (3 2) 2 − A 2
cos135 = D

2 ⋅1 ⋅ 3 2
1 1 + 18 − A 2
− =
2 6 2
A = 25 , ∴ A = 5
2

h⋅A 1
= 1⋅ 3 2 sin135D
2 2
1
5h = 3 2 ⋅
2
5
 3
h=
5
2
⎛3⎞ 9 441
XB = (3 2) − ⎜ ⎟ = 18 −
2 2
=
⎝5⎠ 25 25

21
XB =
5
7 1
(ii) ∠CXB = tan −1 = tan −1
21 3
7
∠EXF = tan −1
4
1 7
+
1 7 3 4
tan θ = tan(180D − tan −1 − tan −1 ) = − = −5
3 4 ⎛ 1 ⎞⎛ 7 ⎞
1− ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠⎝ 4 ⎠
15. (a) [3 marks]
Let the distance from P to L be d
| 2a − b | | 2a − b |
d= =
22 + 12 5
2
⎛8 5 ⎞
d + ⎜⎜
2
⎟⎟ = r
2
(By Pythagoras Theorem)
⎝ 2 ⎠

(2a − b) 2
+ 80 = r 2
5
4a 2 − 4ab + b 2 + 400
r2 =
5
(b) [9 marks]
(i) As L2 : 2 x + y = 0 is tangent to the circle
| 2a + b | | 2a + b |
r= =
22 + 12 5
(2a + b) 2 4a 2 − 4ab + b 2 + 400
By (a) =
5 5
∴ 4a + 4ab + b = 4a − 4ab + b 2 + 400
2 2 2

ab = 50
∴ Locus of P : xy = 50
(ii) Let A = Area of C = π r 2
4a 2 − 4ab + b 2 + 400
=π
5

π⎡ ⎤
2
⎛ 50 ⎞
= ⎢ 4a − 4 ⋅ 50 + ⎜ ⎟ + 400 ⎥
2

5 ⎢⎣ ⎝ a ⎠ ⎦⎥
6
 ⎡ 2 2π 1250 ⎤
=
⎢⎣ 2a + 100 + a 2 ⎥⎦
5
dA π ⎛ 2 ⋅ 2500 ⎞
= ⎜ 8a − ⎟=0
da 5 ⎝ a3 ⎠
5000
a4 = = 625
8
∴ a = ±5
50
b=± = ±10
5
1⎛ 2500 ⎞
r 2 = ⎜ 4 ⋅ 25 + 200 + ⎟ = 80
5⎝ 25 ⎠
Hence the equations of C : ( x ± 5) 2 + ( y ± 10) 2 = 80

16. (a) [5 marks]

(i) Radius of the inner circle = 1 ⋅ cos θ = cos θ
1 2 ⎡ cos θ tan θ 1 ⎤
A= (1 − cos 2 θ )(2π − 2θ ) + 2 ⎢ − (cos 2 θ ) ⋅ θ ⎥
2 ⎣ 2 2 ⎦
= (sin 2 θ )(π − θ ) + cos θ sin θ − θ cos 2 θ
sin θ
= cos θ ⋅ + π sin 2 θ − θ (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ )
cos θ
= π sin 2 θ − θ + cos θ sin θ
1
= π sin 2 θ − θ + sin 2θ sq. units
2
dA 1
(ii) = 2π sin θ cos θ − 1 + ⋅ 2 ⋅ cos 2θ
dθ 2
= 2π sin θ cos θ − 1 + cos 2θ
= π sin 2θ + 1 − 2sin 2 θ − 1
sin θ
= π sin 2θ − 2sin θ cos θ = sin 2θ (π − tan θ )
cos θ
(b) [3 marks]
dA
When =0
dθ
π
sin 2θ = 0 (rejected, as 0 < θ < ) or tan θ = π
2
(c) [4 marks]
PR = 2sin θ
Let P be the perimeter of the shaded region
P = 1⋅ (2π − 2θ ) + 2sin θ + (2 cos θ )π
= 2π − 2θ + 2sin θ + 2π cos θ
dP
∴ = −2 + 2 cos θ − 2π sin θ
dθ
7
 dP
But = −7.38 ≠ 0
dθ θ = tan −1 π

Hence the student's guess is incorrect.

17. (a) [1 mark]

JJJJG 1 G G
OM = (a + b)
2
(b) [4 marks]
JJJG 2 G JJJG G
(i) OP = a and OQ = kb
3
G G
JJJG JJJG 3 ⎛⎜ 2 a + 4kb ⎞⎟
JJJG 3OP + 4OQ ⎠ = 2 aG + 4k bG
= ⎝
3
OG =
7 7 7 7
1 ⎛ 4k ⎞
JJJJG JJJG ⎜ ⎟
(ii) As OM // OG , ∴ 2 = ⎝ ⎠ , ∴ k =
7 1
1 ⎛2⎞ 2
2 ⎜⎝ 7 ⎟⎠
JJJG 2 G JJJG G
From the givens, we have OP = a and OQ = kb
3
JJJG JJJG JJJG G 2G
∴ PQ = OQ − OP = kb − a
3
1G 2G
= b− a
2 3
(c) [7 marks]
G G G G 1 1
(i) a ⋅ b =| a || b | cos 60D = 1⋅1 ⋅ =
2 2
JJJG JJJG JJJG 1 G 2 G 1 G 2 G 1 2 1 4 13
| PQ |2 = PQ ⋅ PQ = ( b − a ) ⋅ ( b − a) = − ( ) + =
2 3 2 3 4 3 2 9 36
JJJG 13
| PQ | =
6
JJJJG JJJJG JJJJG 1 G G 1 G G 1 3
(ii) | OM |2 = OM ⋅ OM = (a + b) ⋅ (a + b) = (1 + 1 + 1) =
2 2 4 4
JJJJG 3
| OM | =
2
JJJG JJJJG JJJG JJJJG
PQ ⋅ OM = | PQ || OM | cos ∠QGM

⎛1 G 2 G⎞ 1 G G
⎜ b − a⎟⋅ a + b =
⎝2 3 ⎠ 2
13 3
6 2
( )
cos ∠QGM

1 1 1 1 13 3
+ − − = cos ∠QGM
8 4 3 6 6 2
∴∠QGM = 104D
8
18. (a) [2 marks]
dy 1 −1 1
= 2 ⋅ x 2 −1 = −1
dx 2 x
dy
=0
dx x = r
1
∴ −1 = 0
r
∴r = 1
(b) [10 marks]
⎡ ⎤
∫ ∫
1 3
(i) S = 2⎢ 2 x − xdx + 1 ⋅1 + 2 3 − x − (3 − x)dx ⎥
⎣ 0 2 ⎦

∫ ∫
1 3
By Symmetry 2 x − xdx = 2 3 − x − (3 − x)dx
0 2

∫
1
∴ S =4 2 x − xdx + 2
0

1
⎡ 3 ⎤
⎢ 2 x 2 x2 ⎥ ⎛4 1⎞ ⎛8−3⎞ 16
= 4⎢ − ⎥ + 2 = 4⎜ − ⎟ + 2 = 4⎜ ⎟ +2= sq. units
⎢
3 2 ⎥ ⎝ 3 2 ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⎠ 3
⎣ 2 ⎦0
1 ⎡ ⎤ π 1 ⋅1
∫
1
(ii) Volume = 2 π ⎢ (2 x − x) 2 dx ⎥ +
2 ⎣ 0 ⎦ 2
3
π
∫
1
=π 4 x + x 2 − 4 x 2 dx +
0 2
1
⎡ 5 ⎤
⎢ 2 x3 x2 ⎥ π
= π ⎢2 x + − 4 ⋅ ⎥ +
3 5 2
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 2 ⎦0
1 8 π
= π (2 + − ) +
3 5 2
⎛ 30 + 5 − 24 ⎞ π 22π + 15π 37π
=π ⎜ ⎟+ = = cubic units
⎝ 15 ⎠ 2 30 30
(iii) Let OQ = 1 + k
1 ⎛ 37π ⎞ 37π
Volume of the first portion = ⎜ ⎟=
3 ⎝ 30 ⎠ 90
1 ⎛ 11π ⎞ 1 37π
⎟ + π ⋅1 ⋅ k =
2
⎜
2 ⎝ 15 ⎠ 2 90
11 k 37
+ =
30 2 90
4 4
∴k = , OQ : OP = 1 + : 3 = 49 :135
45 45