!

" #$% " &

'
(( ( ) ( * + (+
" !

(& ( &
&&(& ( *! ( +
( ,& + - " (&
*
* ' * *( * + & ! + ( (&

" ( & &&" ( * ' * * ' +

* + &* & + & +( & && " *
*" ' "
*( * ( .
*( * ( *
* *( * ( ( &' * " "

/ 0 & + &
* * *
'( + ( " 12 , & +
* ' + 12 * &
& +*( &

3 &' & * )( *
4 − 4 − 4 * 4

0 '( &# % ( * ' ' &

5 0 ( *- ,& + * * ' + * *
' +
*

* ' * *( * + ( * ( +&, & 6

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 7 0 +& &*+ & + &
& ( 8 - 87 (& (
* 0 &+ 1 + &2 , 88 9:. " , ( -
(& ! ( '& ( "&
&
87 83 8/ * 8

; :+ ' ( * ( *' & -

,
* * * *
* *
* + ,& + +& " & *

< 0 = > 2 " ) * ' 8 * &, & + , &

'- ) 88 :. * / *? *" * :.
,& + * > @
8
8 8 * 88

8 =#%, & &" , * ' & " , 0 @

0 * /

& *' '( " , &+ " & +( "

&" ( " * - ,& + *
+
& ( & *
( & (
* ( & *

" + @
0 80
8Ω 88
0 * 0
88 A 88
8:.

/ " + /- ( * " &?

* "&
& =
2 2
+ +
?
( +/ ) * / + 2
2
2

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 3 0 , *& , + + (* 388Ω * "
* + * & , + + (* 88Ω + 8 !
,& & * " * & & 6 - ,&
*, & + " , 6 @
/8 ! 8! ;8 ! * /8 !

& * ' + ( &' & +02 & @

&
" ' & * ' * .
& * ' &' *
* * &" (
* * * ' *&* * +& *

5 2 & . *"
* . * * * * *
(( ( ,* * & *"
* * ' * * *

7 12 &
' * + * * , + * ( *
'
* , * ( , + 02
& +
* * , * ( ,
* (" ( &' & * ' &' *

; % *' &' (" ' &' (" '

,& + *, & + &, &
' ) &
' 8 :.
( + , + &
&
* ' " * ) & &

< * ( ,* *" ! 2? - 2? - 2?/- 2?3-

2? *2?5 & * * + <

2? 2? 2?/ 2?3 2? 2?5

2? ( 2? (
2? ( 2?/ *2?3 (
2? ( 2? (
* 2? ( 2? - 2? - 2?/ *2?3 (
!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 8 0 3 ( & &( " * 12 + * , &( * ( " B" *, & +
,& " *6 ,* ' "
( " + - * , &( * , & +
*( " *

-B - - * -
3

% + * +& ( *
" * & * ) & '" * + ' +
(
( "
( " ) & '" * +
* * ) & '" * +

" * + C! 0- , &- ( - 1 & *- '(

* " ! +& (
) ,& + * (" + " + -
/ /
-/ - - * -
/ / / /

/ = , &
&' *
+ & + ( !', & + * " +&
&
* , " , " ,

3 0B # " + *" ( ,
* & * " * & +
. & * 12 *
&
* * &" * * + *

&
&" + + * * , " (
+ ( ( & * " @
1 & +
0 * +
% * * +
* % 1 & * +

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 ! " #$% " &
'
(( ( ) ( * + (+
" !
& * !Ω @
& !- " - * *- " - "
" - & !- * * & !- & !- *

0 +& (& * * + * > (&

)(( − )

)(( ) * − )(( − )

/ 0 + & ,& + ( & + * ** ((& *

= * ( 2 ) , & + * , &( *
( @

− )(

−
* )(

3 ( * + & ,& + ( ! (& * * '8 :.

((& * ( &
&& Ω * ( -
+ ,& + " ,

&( &( * " 0 1 D C

+ " + - &
( *
D E 8- E8
D E 8- E
DE - E8
* DE - E

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 5 &+ = ( )+( )
= ( + )( + ) 0
5 *? (
*?
= ( + )+( + )
,

)( )
8 *?
= ( 8

* -

7 ( * + ? * & + 7 @

= 4 =
( − 4 )
= * = + 4
( + 4 )

; +& ( , *& , + &* (( * *

- ( *58 " - * :4! @
8 8 +8 & 58 8 & 58
58 58
8 8 +8 & * 8 &
8 8

< 0 +& ( 02 * ((& " +& ( & * " + <

,& + * ( 0 2 @
0 8G6
8 Ω ? 2
3 /
/8 8/ Ω
8G6
/8 * 8
/80- 380-
8 ;&+ (

8 0 * & * &
'& *( 888 ! - 8 ; &+
- * 888 ! $B & * @
8 87 85 * 8

0 8 ! - 8 ! & +- / ( & &

&" + 0- ?- 2- 1
0 E 1 E 8 <5 ∠/F- ? E ∠5 FΩ4( - 2 E8 83∠;8F%4(
+ + ( ( @
8
0 80 *
/ /

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 0 / ( - ! - 8 :.- 88 ! & * (" 8 ; &+ 0 * &
*/ ( ( * ( , (" '
( (" ( ( *
/ <3; / 5 8 3/< * ;33

/ 0 8 ! 0- 388 4 88 +& ( " 8H (* * "

*' &
80 80 80 */ 80

3 ( + *( + 8 ! 0- 388 4 88 -
/ ( H * 8H ( ,&
' &
H- ) ( &( + '
@
<; / <7 <5 ; * <5

0 388 4 88 - 8 ! 0 " " * + *

& ,& + ) +
+ &
*
8! 0 ! 0 ! 0 *;7 ! 0

5 0 12 + 88 (- " ) *" 8 12
+& + & * - ( * " *
7 12 ((&
' @
7 8 =B# <88 =B# 8 8 =B# * 88 =B#

7 0 ( & " *" 58 * + ( ( *

" * + * * , &( /88 ! 0 * &. + &
&
& +& ( ( " ( ( * ;8 * + - "
+
88 ! 0 88 ! 0 8! 0 * /88 ! 0

; 0 8 ! 0- 388 4 88 - +& ( " ( +

/H *( + 5H ((&
' + 8 0
, & * ,& & *, & + @
<3 /<8 < * <5

< * &012 '( / *+ 1 #- ,& + 88 *

+ /88 ( ,& +- I
* + J
( * /78 1 # "&& *
/3 <<< 88 8 * 3

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 8 = * - (" ;
" = * ,& + , + + *
- (" * '= 3 + *
* ,& =
; * Ω /0 * Ω
0 * ;Ω * 50 *8 Ω

0 + ( (/ 3 + /8 ) + (< +3 )) *"

(& '( - 0 &

& &- & * +" &
*&
+

0± H ( +/ ) 0± H

/0± 7H * 0± H

2 - * / 6 * 0&
&
! * + *
= −5 (ω ) * =; (ω ) - / "&
&

8 (ω + /5 ;7 ) 3 (ω + /5 ;7 )
− 3 (ω + /5 ;7 ) * − 8 (ω + /5 ;7 )

/ " 88K0 &

& & B##2 (&' * 8 * 88
&& &,& "&
& , + ,
8 !Ω4 * 8 !Ω4 88 !Ω4 * 8 !Ω4
8 !Ω4 * 88 !Ω4 * 8 !Ω4 * !Ω4

3 0 ) * ( 88 Ω
L6 * ( &
&&
) * * 688 Ω * , & =
0 = , * . '- & * + * >
2 = "&&
& * 6 88 * .
& * 68 * .
+ & & * +&
* + & ( &
&& ) )

,& + ( 8∠ F * ( ∠ 3 F0
, * , (" @
8 * 7/ 0 *; 55 0
8 *58 0 * 8 * 8 0

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 ! 0
, " * ( *-
" ,& *- &- &
' * " "&
&
* *
/ %&
, " +/ + * &
' **
- */ ,& (" * , &( * 8 ,& +
Ω
− G

3Ω 5Ω
8

G G
0
− / −

3 0 ,& + ' * &, & + + *

* * Ω- & " * +
= * * > * 8 K ( ,& + Ω
/8 - & 8 - ( 38 ,& +
Ω * & + 7
* ,& * >- " * + = *
,& +

888
+, . " * + 0-

( * * &
( + * * ' <; * " * +
88 Ω +& & ! +

5 0 + GC &'* * + ,& * & (

* = ** & ε * M &"- *
)( & &* *
( - " + 8 N N= *= ≤ * )(
&( !
8

7 &+ E 02 G 0?1 G 021

&. * + ; &(&) " ;×
/
+7- +0- 2 *1 & ( #$D
3
* ( ((& *
&8 7 5
2 &. + 3 7 1 2 0
&(&) O% % >%?
; " ! +;-
!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % > # G !$ %& !!' %
2 2

=
 ( ,& +- * *

< &
& + &?P (& " +<- * !:.-
&
&" +@
&
& -

ν
&
& + &, & + + - Q
ν
) ( & " + &
&

=? =2
3 8!Ω !Ω
K

K G
87

=?
88Ω

8 ( ,& + ν " + 8 !:. " ,

(& * 0 * &( & (& " ± 12 ((&
' %!
+& * + " , , & + ν -ν *ν " - * +
( ! ,& ν * , + ,& ν

8!Ω

!Ω
!Ω
− 8!Ω
− 8

G
G
88K

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 1 + * ' & ( ( +- +- )
( = ? " ' - "
" = * ( " - & + 880

0 5 5 ! - 8 :.- +& & * * & &

&" +* @
2 * * @ -& + @
3!
&* @/
= ,' & @ /× 8 Ω
= & , ( ,' & @/
2 & & @
&
( *
) & &

/ 0 55 ! - / ( - 8 :.- 8 ! & + , * & (

* , + * * 8 Ω4! -
* , 8 Ω4! * ( , * & 8 83 ×
8 3 %4!
1 " &π ,& * * ,&
(
2 & & , + *, & + * + *, & + 55 !

3 1 *# 0 + ! 2? '
" + 3 2 * +* 2 5# 0
@/ ( - //4 ! - 5 # 0- 8 8 G 6
8 8; ( (*
> *@ / ( - ! - ;88 # 0- 8 ; &+- 6
8 ( (*
(* * <G 6;Ω
*

M * > *

2?
*

& * 8! *
2
(( * ' + / ( &
24
( " (( 6 * "
( 2 & 0
+ * +- , &
' , & * & 2
* ,& + " 2) 24
& * &
2 & & ,& + & * 2
2 & & ,& ( *

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 5 " + 5- ( &
&' +* *
& )( ,& + ( ν & + "
" E8
Ω

7Ω

;Ω

883K
G −

Ω
7 0 / ! - 388 4 88 - 1 & 4% - 8 :.- ( - 5 (& *
* * " & 0 (" 8 3- " & ! *
* * * ,& + 1 *
" * + ( ( - * , &( * '
* , *

; " +& ( 0 *? , &

&" +( @
388 4 88 - ( + *( +
/H *3H ( ,& '
! 0- 388 4 88 - ( + * ( +
3H */H ( ,& '
" * ( & && * ' & *
! (" 8 ; &++ + 1 , * ,
(" * &, * ' 0

< 0 ( &' ) * 12 *, + & *"

( ( & ( * 88 ((& * -
! ' ;0- " ( * + 88 ( 0 "
((& * , & + * ( * 7 8 ( * "
* " ' O0 Ω
+& * ( * &&

8 0 # 0- ! - / ( * & ' .*
* ( +" * * # H *, & +
& * 880- " (" ( O
' Ω * +&+ & ( (

0 ( * * *+ * ( ,* * ( 388 - 8
:.- / ( ((&
' = > & *" 8Ω * /88 : *
1
12 &, & ( ,& + =#% , & * * -
=#% , & - *
* 0(( (" * "
!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %
 " + - & " &
&
& " . - * ,& , , '
&+ + 50 &
& & , + '(
& &
&" , '( &
& & 0 88
( ! ( '( /88 B##2 '( *
& *' '( - 0- /8 " 1 * +
- - - *

0 0
# >

2
/8 35Ω
A 8:.

!!" ! "
# !!$ # % ! & '%
( !!$ % # !$ %& !!' %