Softswitch and Media Gateway

(MGCP/MEGACO/SS7 over IP)

Email: wechen@niu.edu.tw TEL: 03-9357400 # 255

Outline

Soft-switch Architecture MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol) MEGACO SS7 over IP

Separation of Media and Call Control

A network gateway has two related but separate functions.

Signaling conversion

The call-control entities use signaling to communicate. A slave function (mastered by call-control entities)

Media conversion

The following figure illustrates the separation of call control and signaling from the media path.
Network Gateway Function E x t e r n a l N e t w o r k s Network Gateway Function

Signaling and Call Control

Control and Status Media Conversion

Signaling over IP

Signaling and Call Control

Control and Status Media Conversion

E x t e r n a l N e t w o r k s

Signaling over IP

Softswitch Architecture [1/2]

Media Gateway Controller

SIP
Call signaling over IP

Media Gateway Controller

MGCP

Control and Status Signaling

Control and Status Signaling

MGCP

Media over IP Media Gateway Media Gateway Media Gateway

RTP

Media Gateway

Media Gateway

Softswitch Architecture [2/2]

SS7 Network
SCP STP

Signaling (SS7) Gateway

Internet
SIGTRAN Call Agent MGCP/ MEGACO

MGCP/ MEGACO Trunking Gateway Trunking Trunking Gateway Gateway

CO Switch

Residential Residential Gateway Residential Gateway Gateway

1 4 7 *

2 5 8 8

3 6 9 #

1 4 7 *

2 5 8 8

3 6 9 #

1 4 7 *

2 5 8 8

3 6 9 #

MGCP Calls and Connections

A connection

Relationship established between a given endpoint and an RTP/IP session

A group of connections The connections to be created The session descriptions to be exchanged between the connections

A call

The primary function of MGCP is to enable

1 4 7 *

2 5 8 8

3 6 9 #

1 4 7

2 5 8 8

3 6 9 #

Connection IP resource IP resource

Connection

Endpoint Gateway

Media over IP

Endpoint Gateway

Call

MGCP Connection Establishment

(2) Select and RTP port and connect
Call Agent
iMac

(3) OK, port number xxx (1) Call coming in !

IP Network
Media Gateway

MGCP Commands

9 commands to handle Connection/Endpoints

EndpointConfiguration (coding characteristics) NotificationRequest (requested events) Notify (GW: detected events) CreateConnection ModifyConnection DeleteConnection AuditEndpoint AuditConnection RestartInProgress (GW : taken in/out of service)

EPCF RQNT NTFY CRCX MDCX DLCX AUEP AUCX RSIP

All commands are acknowledged.

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Call Setup Using MGCP

Media Gateway Call Agent Media Gateway

iMac

a Create Connection b Response Session description 1 (local) Create Connection Session description 1 (remote) d Response Session description 2 (local) e Modify Connection Session description 2 (remote) f Media Transfer

Media Gateway

Call Agent

Media Gateway

iMac

CRCX 1111 EP@MGA.media.net MGCP 1.0 C:1234567 M:recvonly 200 1111 OK I:AAAA CRCX 2222 EP2@MGB.media.net MGCP 1.0 C:1234567 M:sendrecv v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.6.7 m=audio 11000 RTP/AVP 0 v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.6.7 m=audio 11000 RTP/AVP 0

b c

d e

200 2222 OK I:BBBB M:recvonly v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.8.9 m=audio 22000 RTP/AVP 0 f

MDCX 1112 EP@MGA.media.net MGCP 1.0 I:1234567 M:sendrecv v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.8.9 m=audio 22000 RTP/AVP 0 200 1112 OK I: AAAA Media Transfer

Interworking between MGCP and SIP

MG B Call Agent B Call Agent A MG A

a CRCX 11 E1@MGA.net MGCP 1.0 C:1234567 M:recvonly b c d CRCX 22 E2@MGB.net MGCP 1.0 C:1234567 M:sendrecv v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.6.7 m=audio 11000 RTP/AVP 0 INVITE v=0 c-IN IP4 123.45.6.7 m=audio 11000 RTP/AVP 0 200 11 OK I:AAAA v=0 c=IN IP4 123.45.6.7 m=audio 11000 RTP/AVP 0

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Interworking between MGCP and SIP

200 22 OK I:BBBB f M:recvonly g v=0 c=IN IP4 123.67.8.9 m=audio 22000 RTP/AVP 0 e

SIP/2.0 200 OK v=0 c=IN IP4 123.67.8.9 m=audio 22000 RTP/AVP 0 MDCX 12 E1@MGA.net MGCP 1.0 I:AAAA M:sendrecv v=0 c=IN IP4 123.67.8.9 m=audio 22000 RTP/AVP 0 200 12 OK I:AAAA

h i ACK

j Media Transfer

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MEGACO Command Naming

MEGACO
(1) Add (Termination to Context)

Similar Commands in MGCP

(1) CreateConnection (Endpoint)

(2) Modify (Termination-descriptor)

(3) Subtract (Termination)

(2) ModifyConnection (Endpoint)

(3) DeleteConnection (Endpoint)

(4) Move (Termination)

(5) AuditValue (Termination-cur)

CreateConnection + DeleteConnection
(4) AuditEndpoint

(6) AuditCapability (Termination)

(7) Notify (Termination) (8) ServiceChange (Termination)

(NONE)
(5) Notify (Endpoint) (6) RestartInProgress (Endpoint) (7) AuditConnection (8) NotificationRequest (Endpoint) (9) EndpointConfiguration (Endpoint-encode) 13

(NONE)

Add, Modify, Move

Add, Modify, Move

MEGACO Connection Model

MGCP
1 2 3

MEGACO

Endpoint Connection Call Agent (CA)

Termination Context Media Gateway Controller (MGC)

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Concept of Context
MGCP
CA

MEGACO

MGC

MGCP
RGW
RGW

MEGACO
MG
MG

RTP

RTP

Context

IP

Endpoint

IP

Endpoint Termination SCN Channel Termination RTP Stream

Connection established after CRCX

Add 2 Terminations into 1 context

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MG B 322.322.1.1 T4 a b c T3

322.322.1.1

MG A 311.311.1.1 T2 T1

Context = ${ Add = T1, Add= $ {mode = receiveonly}} Reply {Context = 1001{ Add = T1, Add = T2{ Local Descriptor}}} Context = ${ Add = T4, Add= $ {Remot Descriptor}} Reply {Context = 2002{ Add = T4, Add= T3{Local Descriptor}} Modify = 1001 { Modify = T2{ Mode = sendreceive, Remote descriptor}} Reply {Contex = 1001{ modify = T2}}

d e

Introduction to SS7

Channel Associated Signaling

Still widely deployed today Considered as old telephony

Speech and Signaling

Switch Switch

Channel Associated Signaling

Common Channel Signaling

Separation of signaling and call paths Signaling System 7 (SS7)

Signaling

To enable a wide range of services to be provided to the end-user Speech Caller ID, toll-free calling, call Switch Switch screening, number portability, etc. Common Channel Signaling SS7 is the foundation for Intelligent Network (IN) services.
17

The Telephone Network [2/2]

5 Basic Components in Intelligent Networks

SSP (Service Switching Point)

switching, service invocation signal routing

service logic execution
SSP SCP

STP (Service Transfer Point)

SDP

TCAP messages
IP STP STP

SCP (Service Control Point)

SDP (Service Data Point)

ISUP messages
Voice

SSP

subscriber data storage, access

IP (Intelligent Peripheral)

resources such as customized voice announcement, voice recognition, DTMF digit collection
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SS7 Protocol Suite

OSI Layers Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical

INAP

MAP
ISUP

TCAP SCCP MTP Level 3 MTP Level 2

MTP Level 1

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MTP Levels 1 & 2

Message Transfer Part Level 1

Handling the issues related to the signals on the physical links between one signaling node and another Dealing with the transfer of messages on a given link from one node to another Providing error detection/correction and sequenced delivery of the SS7 messages

Level 2

20

MTP Level 3

Signaling message handling

Providing message routing between signaling points in the SS7 network

Signaling network management

Rerouting traffic to other SS7 signaling links in the case of link failure, congestion or node failure Load-sharing

21

ISUP

ISUP: ISDN User Part Used as the protocol for setting up and tearing down phone calls between switches Initial Address Message (IAM)

To initiate a call between two switches To indicate that a call has been accepted by the called party To initiate call disconnection
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Answer Message (ANM)

Release Message (REL)

SCCP

SCCP: Signaling Connection Control Part Used as the transport layer for TCAP-based services

freephone (800/888), calling card, wireless roaming

Mostly connectionless signaling

Both connection-oriented and connectionless

Global title translation (GTT) capabilities

The destination signaling point and subsystem number is determined from the global title

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TCAP, MAP and INAP

TCAP: Transaction Capabilities Applications Part

Supporting the exchange of non-circuit related information between signaling points Queries and responses sent between SSPs and SCPs are carried in TCAP messages

INAP (IN Application Part) MAP (Mobile Application Part)

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ISUP Call Establishment and Release

A given circuit between two switches is identified by OPC, DPC and CIC.

a b c

IAM IAM ACM

d e f

ACM One-way audio CPG CPG ANM ANM Two-way speech path REL REL RLC RLC

IAM (Initial Address Message) ACM (Address Complete Message) CFG (Call ProGress) ANM (ANswer Message) REL (RELease) RLC (ReLease Complete)

g h i j k l m n

Softswitch Architecture

SS7 Network
SCP
STP Signaling (SS7) Gateway SIGTRAN

Internet
Call Agent

MGCP/ MEGACO

MGCP/ MEGACO

CO Switch

Trunking Trunking Gateway Trunking Gateway Gateway

RTP

Residential Residential Gateway Residential Gateway Gateway

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STP

Signaling Media Gateway Gateway

MGC

MGC

Media Signaling Gateway Gateway

STP

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w

ISUP IAM IP IAM ADD ADD Reply

SIP INVITE

ADD ADD Reply IP IAM ISUP IAM ISUP ACM ISUP ACM SIP 183 IP ACM ISUP ACM ISUP ANM IP ANM SIP 200 MODIFY MODIFY Reply IP ANM ISUP ANM

SIP ACK

Media Transfer