H2 Mathematics 9740.

2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

1
AngIo-Chinese Junior CoIIege
H2 Mathematics 974
2008 1C 2 PRELIM PAPER 2 Solutions

Section A: Pure Mathematics
1
Let
3 2
2 2
3 12 1
1
( 1)(3 1) 3 1

+ + +
+ +

+ +


Using any appropriate & reasonable method,
1, 4, 3, 2

3 2
2 2
3 12 1 4 3 2
1
1
( 1)(3 1) 3 1

+ + +
+ +

+ +




3 2
2 2
2
2
2 1
2 1
3 12 1 4 3 2
1
1
( 1)(3 1) 3 1
4 1 6 2 1
1
1 2 3 1
3 1
3
1 2
4ln 1 ln 3 1 3 tan
2 3
1 3
1 2 3
4ln 1 ln 3 1 tan 3
2 3

/ /

/ / / /

+ + +
+ +

+ +
+ + +

+
+
+
+ + + + +

' ' |
+ + + + +




2
2 2
0 + + +
Sub(2.15, 0) ,
2
2.15 4.6225
Sub(1, 6.8) ,
2
1 6.8 6.8 0
46.24 6.8 3.6225


+ + +
+

Sub(0, 7) ,
49 7 0
49 7 4.6225


+ +
+


Solving, 0.6381827731 , 3.806922269

2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
0.63818 3.8069 4.6225 0
0.63818( 5.9653 ) 4.6225 0
0.63818|( 2.9826) 8.8961| 4.6225 0
0.63818( 2.9826) 10.300




+
+
+
+

When 2.9826,
2
10.300 3.2093
Widest part oI tunnel is 6.4 cm (to 1 d.p.)

3
1 2 3 4
1 1 3 1
, , ,
2 2 8 4
: : : :

1
1
1 3
2
2 2
7
7
:

2
1
1 1 4
2
2 2 4
7
7
:

3
1
11 5
2
8 8
7
7
:

H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

2
4
1
13 6
2
8 16
7
7
:

conjecture Ior
2
I
2
3
3
3
+

1 1
2 2
2 , i.e., 2 2
2 2
3 3
7
7 3 3
7 7
3 3
: 7


+ +



ProoI:
Let P 3 be the statement:
1
2
2 2
2
3
7
3
7
3
7

To show P 1 is true: LHS
1
1
1 2
2

-
RHS
3 1
2
2 2


P 1 is true.
Assume P is true, i.e.
1
2
2 2
2

.
To show P 1 + is true:
LHS

1
1
1 1
2 2 1 2

7 7
7 7
7 7
+
+

+ +



1
2
2 1 2
2

+
+
+ +

1
1
2 2 2 1
2

+
+ +
|


1
3
2
2

+
+
RHS
Hence, by principles oI MI, P 3 is true Ior 1 3 K .
raphical Method:







Since the horizontal line ,
I
, # Z cuts the graph oI I more
than once, I is a not a one-one Iunction. Hence, I
-1
does not exist.
(Analytical Method):
Let
1 2
1 and 5 .

1 2 1 2
Since and I I 0 , I is a not a one-one Iunction. Hence,
I
-1
does not exist.

Largest ) 3, 5
1
.






I
1 5
H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

3
Finding I
-1
, let
2
6 5 +
|


-1
3 4
3 4 , 3 4 (N.A since 3 5)
I 3 4 , 0 4



I
+
+


, 2
h
and ,

# + . Since
h
# , hg does not exist.

hr exists iI
7 h
# .
, 2
h
and maximum , 2
7
# .
Finding ,
2
ln 2
e

I

Maximum value oI . e

0,
h7
#

5(i)














(ii)














(iii)




8 0 8
0 0 0
10 6 4

+ + +




' ' ' ' ' '

,
2 0 2
4 0 4
4 6 2

+ + +

' ' ' ' ' '

Let n be the normal oI Plane .
8 2 2
0 4 8 3
4 2 4
+ + +

-

' ' ' ' ' '

n
Plane :
2 0 2
. 3 0 . 3 24
4 6 4
2 3 4 24 (Shown).
+ + +




' ' ' ' ' '
+ +
r


Let 7 be the angle between Plane and the horizontal ground.
Horizontal plane:
0
r. 0 0.
1
+

' '

1
0 2
0 . 3
1 4
cos
1 4 9 16
4
cos 42.0 . (1 d.p)
29
7
7

+ +



' ' ' '

+ + +
+


' '

Let h be the vertical distance Irom the drilled hole to the ground.
3 2
2 . 3 24
4
6 units.
h
h
+ +

' ' ' '








H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

4




(iv)












(v)









Point oI intersection oI line:
3 0
2 0
0 1
2
+ +

+


' ' ' '
r and plane :
2
. 3 24.
4
+

' '
r
Vertical wall partition: 2 8 +
Plane : 2 3 4 24 + +
Using C,
2 1 0 8 1 0 0.5 0
RreI
2 3 4 24 0 1 1 8

| |

Line M:
0 0.5
8 1
0 1
3
+ +

+


' ' ' '
r .
Vertical wall partition:
2
. 1 8.
0
+

' '
r
2 8 6
4 0 4
4 0 4

+ + +




' ' ' ' ' '

or
6
4
0

' '

Let the shortest distance be /.
2 6 2
1 4 1
0 4 0
3.58 units.
4 1 4 1

/
+ + +




' ' ' ' ' '

+ +

Section B: Probability & Statistics
6a)i)





ii)

b)
It is possible to use systematic sampling.
Random and stratiIied sampling would be awkward because the sampling
Irame is not Iixed
OR
The exact number oI customers is not known in advance.

The Iirst 100 customers will not be representative oI all supermarket
customers midday and late night shoppers will be unrepresented.
No.
Each household has diIIerent number oI people, so the probability oI
being chosen is not equally likely.
OR (ive eample)
A person in a household oI one will stand more chance oI being chosen
than a person on a household oI Iour. Hence the method does not produce a
random person.

7 To test H
0
: 3 9.5 against
H
1
: 3 9.5 at 5 level oI signiIicance
iven : Reject H
0
at 5 level oI signiIicance
Reject H
0
at 2.5 level oI signiIicance
Not necessarily true nor necessarily Ialse

The critical region at 2.5 level oI signiIicance is smaller than that at 5
level so the test statistic may lie inside or outside the critical region at




H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

5
2.5 level oI signiIicance
OR
Reject H
0
at 5 level oI signiIicance
p-value 0.05
II p-value 0.01 0.025 0.05 , reject H
0
at 2.5 level
II p-value 0.03 0.05 but 0.03 ~ 0.025 , do not reject H
0
at 2.5 level
8 Let be the number oI boys out oI 500 babies.
~ B(500, 0.005)
Since 3 is large and p is small and 3p 2.5 5
thereIore ~ Po( 2.5 ) approximately

P ( at most 495 oI the babies are girls)
5 ! K
1 4 !
0.109

9i)


ii)
No oI ways 4! - 5!
2880

No. oI ways
6
3
3! 5! - -
14400

10i)







10ii)






10iii)
Let be the event that the orange cat is in the right cage.
Let be the event that the black cat is in the right cage.
Required probability


P
P( , )
P

Y

1 3
.
5 4
1
1
5

3
16
or 0.188


Required probability
P 1 P

Y

1 1 1 1
1 .
5 5 5 4
+
+

' '

0.65


Let be the number oI times out oI 100 such that the black kitten and the
orange kitten are placed in the wrong cages.
~ B( 100, 0.65 )
But 3 is large and p is not too small and 3p 65 ~ 5 and 36 22.75 ~ 5
thereIore ~ N (65, 22.75) approximately

P(X 60) P(59.5 X 60.5) ( applying continuity correction)
0.0483



11i)







Let # be the mass oI a randomly chosen red apple. # ~ N (75,
2
12.5 )
Let be the mass oI a randomly chosen green apple. ~ N (55, 10.5
2
)

1 2 3
6469
2 ~ 15,
12
#
+
+ +

' '




H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

6



ii)

Required probability

1 2 3
P 2 0 # + + > 0.741

P( 70) # 0.3445783029 0.345
Let be the number oI red apples out oI 10 which are underweight.
~ B(10, 0.344578)
P( X 2 ) 0.091537443 0.0915


Let be the number oI bags out oI 20 which pass the quality test.
~ B ( 20 , 0.0915374 )

Required probability P( 0) 0.147
12a)i)






















12a)
ii)








b)
3

*

50
1230
24.6
*
20
50
) 20 (

24.6. Hence 230 ) 20 (



2
2
2
Unbiased estimate oI population variance
( 20)
1
( 20)
49
1 230
1129
49 50
71
1.448979592 1.45 (3 )
49

3
s1

|



|

To test H
0
: 25 3 against
H
1
: 3 25 at 5 level oI signiIicance

Under H
0
,

~
71
N 25,
(49)50
+

' '
approx
Test statistics: Z
24.6 25
71
(49)50

- 2.35

Method 1: p-value 2P(Z -2.35) 0.0188 0.05
Method 2: p-value 2P(T -2.35) 0.0229 0.05
Method 3: Z 2.35 ~ 1.96
Reject H
0
and conclude that there is suIIicient evidence at 5 level oI
signiIicance that there has been a change in the mean oI the distribution
No, Since sample large, Central Limit Theorem applies


A t-test should be used because the population variance is unknown and
the sample size is small


13i)


Let T be the total number oI deaths in the country in 5 days.
T ~ Po(15)
P(T 9) 0.0324



H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

7



ii)








iii)

Or P(T 9) 0.0311 (using normal approximation)

Let be the number oI deaths in the northern parts in 10 days.
~ Po(20)
Let be the mean number oI deaths over 50 periods oI 10 days.
~
2
N 20,
5
+

' '
approx by Central Limit Thm since 3 50 is large

Required probability

P 21 30 0.0569

Let $ be the number oI deaths in the southern parts in 23 days.
$ ~ Po(23)
Since 23 ~ 10, $ ~ N(23, 23) approximately

25 0.01 ! $ K >
P 24.5 0.01 (applying continuity correction)
24.5 2
P 0.01
2
24.5 2
P 0.99
2
$
3
Z
3
3
Z
3
> >
+
> >

' '
+


' '

24.5 2
2.326348
2
3
3

2 2.326348 2 24.5 0 3 3 + >
4.417831 3 or 2.772854 3 >
7.688720 3 >
least 3 8


1a)
(i)






(ii)



(b)(i)







False
Method 1: The linear relation holds only Ior the sample. The population
may not have a linear relationship.
Method 2: Use a diagram




False
7 0 an absence oI linear correlation between and but there might
be some curvilinear relationship. Thus an may be correlated.

Least square line oI regression oI on t is -2.88112t 1.6531
i.e -2.88 t 1.65 ( to 3 sI)

ln -2.88112t 1.65431
e
1.65431
e
-2.88112t

Hence
0
e
1.65431
5.23 (to 3 sI)
k 2.88 (to 3 sI)






If cc is done wrongly & get 25.5, least 3 9
If no cc is done, least 3 8.
In these cases, 6 marks out of 7 will be awarded.
sample
H2 Mathematics 9740. 2008 JC2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINTION PAPER 2 Solutions

8
(ii)


(iii)




(iv)
When t increases by 1, decreases by 2.88.

1.5, ln1.5, t
88112 . 2
65431 . 1 5 . 1 ln

0.433
Use on t because
(1) t is the independent variable and is the dependent variable; or
(2) t is exact

7
2
0.9
2
-/ where - 2.4
Hence /
4 . 2
9 . 0
2
0.3375
Hence 0.3375:
Since
*
-0.074364,
*
: 2.4
*
10 2.4(-0.074364) 10 9.821
Hence
*
- 0.3375
*
: -0.074364 0.3375(9.821) -3.39 (to 3 sI)

Hence the least squares line oI regression oI on : is
0.338: - 3.39 (to 3sI)