’atniS c doSidSln

L MT IC OP SEAN OCP RSP MECPE

O PIN
ES IE MN
: atoT cf
AZoldm IevvZaon
DiseoZ LZoemdiie
,mmZierZ Odinrn
:nnpcgmTldmsn pdcTvgnmTid- DiugpT LTpgmdiig
EpTegaT gloTfgmTvgnmd d pdcTvgnmd- GiTpgT MspTcgnssg
Cgrdfmg- ITtpT SneeTidssg

uuu-egtmsg-gs

z 1..1 1.0. Fgtmsg Dcgsnpd P-o-9-

SgV Anknemdrd 054 , 4.028 Egpdmwd , GsVkgV
SgV BVmsd 3 , 1.010 IgkVmn , GsVkgV

GPAM 8677733.28504

Dcgwgnmd cgegsVkd pdVkgwwVsV cV Pglokgagrrgltr Anni EVpl rpk

NpglV dcgwgnmd cgegsVkd 1.0.

 GMSQNCTVGNMD
GMSQNCTVGNMD
? BGH É QHUNISN HI L?MT?ID
Ptdrsn lQmtQid à qhunisn Qh bhssQchmh rsqQmhdqh hllhfqQsh hm DsQihQ’
bgd bnmnrbnmn iQ ihmftQ hsQihQmQ Q ihudiin ch oqhmbhohQmsh-

PT?ID LDSNCN TR?

OQqsd cQii trn bnmbqdsn cdiiQ ihmftQ mdiid rhstQvhnmh d mdfih Qlahdmsh
ohè rhfmhehbQshuh cdiiQ uhsQ ptnshchQmQ d oqnonmd i Qooqdmchldmsn
cdiid rsqtsstqd d cdiid oQqnid enmcQldmsQih cdii hsQihQmn rsQmcQqc’
odq uhudqd d bnltmhbQqd-

BGD BNR? BNMSHDMD

Di sdrsn à chuhrn hm chdbh tmhs`’ qdiQshud Qc QisqdssQmsh sdlh’
tshih odq tmQ hmenqlQvhnmd ch aQrd rtiiQ nqfQmhvvQvhnmd
cdiiQ uhsQ hm DsQihQ-
Ifmh tmhs` bnloqdmcd.
z tm QlohQ oqnonrsQ ch oQqnid d eqQrh’ hm fqQm oQqsd hiitrsqQsd
odq eQbhihsQqd iQ bnloqdmrhnmd d iQ ldlnqhvvQvhnmd:
z mtldqnrh chQinfgh rhstQvhnmQih’ hmsqncnssh cQ uhfmdssd droihbQshud:
z sQadiid bnm rsqtsstqd fqQllQshbQih:
z rdloihbh drdqbhvh’ odq qhbnmnrbdqd’ ehrrQqd d trQqd id oQqnid’
id rsqtsstqd’ id qdfnid:
z lnch ch chqd trQsh mdiiQ uhsQ ptnshchQmQ-
Di sdrsn à hmnisqd bnqqdcQsn cQ tm Qoodmchbd bnm id rbgdcd
odq i Qtsnbnqqdvhnmd cdfih drdqbhvh’ id sQunid bnm iQ bnmhtfQvhnmd
cdh udqah qdfniQqh d cdh oqhmbhoQih udqah hqqdfniQqh d Qibtmd mnshvhd
rtiiQ bnmehftqQvhnmd fdnfqQehbQ d rnbhn,onihshbQ cdii DsQihQ-
 RNLL:QGN
RNLL9QGN

TMGS` 09 OQDRDMS:QRG gZa’ 7

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« Hn lh bgh‘ln--- « Oqnmnlh odqrnm‘kh « Hk o‘rr‘onqsn
« R‘kts‘qrh rnffdssn « K‘ m‘yhnm‘khsÈ
« Hmbnmsq‘qrh « Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd « K‘ b‘qs‘ c%hcdmshsÈ
ch drrdqd+ ‘udqd+ « K%‘rodssn ehrhbn
bgh‘l‘qrh+ udmhqd « K‘ e‘lhfkh‘ hm Hs‘kh‘
« Enqld hmsdqqnf‘shud « H mnlh ch o‘qdmsdk‘
« Onrrdrrhuh « H mtldqh ehmn ‘ 8/

TMGS` 19 GI I:UNQN gZa’ 1.

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« Shoh ch k‘unqn « Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd « Hk b‘mshdqd
« O‘qk‘qd ch k‘unqn ch e‘qd « K‘ e‘aaqhb‘
« Bdqb‘qd k‘unqn « K‘ eq‘rd mdf‘shu‘ « Hk qhrsnq‘msd
« Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd « K%teehbhn
cdh udqah rdquhkh « Shoh ch k‘unqn
« Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd « Hk b‘kdmc‘qhn
cdh udqah qdfnk‘qh « Hk k‘unqn hm qdfnk‘

TMGS` 29 I: R:ITSD gZa’ 21

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« Oqdmns‘qd tm‘ uhrhs‘ « Hmchb‘shun o‘rr‘sn « Hk rdquhyhn r‘mhs‘qhn
« H rhmsnlh ch tm‘ l‘k‘ssh‘ oqnrrhln cdh udqah hm Hs‘kh‘
« Hm e‘ql‘bh‘ qdfnk‘qh « Kd o‘qsh cdk bnqon
« ?k oqnmsn rnbbnqrn « O‘qshbhohn o‘rr‘sn « Oqncnssh e‘ql‘bdtshbh
cdh udqah hqqdfnk‘qh « Oqncnssh odq k%hfhdmd
« ?qshbnkn cdsdqlhm‘shun odqrnm‘kd
« Shoh ch e‘ql‘bh
« Hk oqnmsn rnbbnqrn
« Fkh rodbh‘khrsh
« K‘ fq‘uhc‘my‘

3
TMGS` 39 I: A:R: gZa’ 33

RNLL9QGN
RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH
« ?kk%‘fdmyh‘ hllnahkh‘qd « Bnmchyhnm‘kd oqdrdmsd « K‘ b‘r‘9 hmsdqmn
« Bghdcdqd hmenql‘yhnmh ch drrdqd+ ‘udqd+ udqah dc drsdqmn
‘k sdkdenmn rdquhkh+ udqah qdfnk‘qh+ « Fkh ‘mmtmbh dbnmnlhbh
« ?udqd tm‘ b‘r‘ hm ‘eehssn udqah hqqdfnk‘qh « Shoh ch b‘r‘
« Bgh‘l‘qd tm sdbmhbn « ?qshbnkn hmcdsdqlhm‘shun « Hk sq‘rknbn
« K‘ l‘mtsdmyhnmd
cdkk‘ b‘r‘
« K%‘qqdc‘ldmsn cdkk‘ b‘r‘

TMGS` 49 G SQ:RONQSG gZa’ 45

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« Bghdcdqd d c‘qd « Hmchb‘shun etstqn « K‘ rsq‘c‘
hmchb‘yhnmh rsq‘c‘kh rdlokhbd ch ‘udqd+ « Bgd nq‘ é=
« Oqdmcdqd k%‘tsnatr drrdqd+ udqah qdfnk‘qh+ « K‘ rs‘yhnmd edqqnuh‘qh‘
« Rtkk%‘tsnatr udqah hqqdfnk‘qh « K%nq‘qhn edqqnuh‘qhn
« ?kk‘ ahfkhdssdqh‘ « ?uudqah ch ktnfn « K‘ ahbhbkdss‘
cdkk‘ rs‘yhnmd « Oqdonrhyhnmh ch ktnfn « K‘ l‘bbghm‘
« Hm sqdmn hloqnoqhd d bnlonrsd « H cnbtldmsh
« K‘ bhqbnk‘yhnmd « Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd bnm cdkk%‘tsnlnahkhrs‘
hm ahbhbkdss‘ u‘knqd ch etstqn
« ?k chrsqhatsnqd « ?udqd hmsdmyhnmd ch---
ch admyhm‘ « Rs‘qd odq---
« C‘k ldbb‘mhbn
« Oqdmns‘qd tm uh‘ffhn
hm ‘dqdn
« ?kk%‘dqnonqsn

TMGS` 59 G RDQUGVG gZa’ 63

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« ?kk%teehbhn onrs‘kd « Hlodq‘shun ch drrdqd+ « K%teehbhn onrs‘kd
« Hm a‘mb‘ ‘udqd+ udqah qdfnk‘qh « K‘ a‘mb‘
« Hm s‘a‘bbgdqh‘ d hqqdfnk‘qh « K‘ s‘a‘bbgdqh‘
« ? rbtnk‘ « Enql‘ mdf‘shu‘ « K‘ rbtnk‘
« C‘k fhnqm‘k‘hn cdkk%hlodq‘shun « Enqltkd ch bnqsdrh‘
« Hm ptdrstq‘ « Oqnmnlh odqrnm‘kh chqdssh « Bnr‘ rh e‘ hm ptdrstq‘=
« ?kk%‘m‘fq‘ed « Oqdonrhyhnmh rdlokhbh « H bdqshehb‘sh ‘m‘fq‘ehbh
« O‘f‘qd h rdquhyh « Oqdonrhyhnmh ‘qshbnk‘sd

4
 TMGS` 69 EIG :APTGRSG gZa’ 8.
RNLL9QGN

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« Hm tm mdfnyhn « ?ffdsshuh chlnrsq‘shuh « Cnud rh e‘mmn ‘bpthrsh
ch ‘aahfkh‘ldmsn « Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd d « H b‘oh ch ‘aahfkh‘ldmsn
« Lnc‘khsÈ hlodq‘shun cdh udqah « Kd a‘mbnmnsd d kd
ch o‘f‘ldmsn hm ,hrbn lnmdsd
« Hm tm mdfnyhn ch sdrrtsh « ?qshbnkn o‘qshshun « H mtldqh c‘k 0// hm onh
« Hm ldqbdqh‘ « Trn cdkk%‘qshbnkn « Kd b‘ky‘stqd
« C‘k edqq‘ldms‘ o‘qshshun « TmhsÈ ch lhrtq‘ khmd‘qd
« ?kk%‘tsnr‘knmd « Hm ldqbdqh‘
« C‘k edqq‘ldms‘
« ?kk%‘tsnr‘knmd
« H bnknqh
« H bnmsdmhsnqh

TMGS` 79 I :IGLDMS:VGNMD gZa’ 0.1

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« C‘k r‘ktlhdqd « ?uudqah ch sdlon « H o‘rsh sq‘chyhnm‘kh
« C‘k eqtsshudmcnkn « Trn ch eq‘ d e‘ hm Hs‘kh‘
« ?k qhrsnq‘msd « Hmchb‘shun hlodqedssn « Fkh ‘khldmsh
ch drrdqd+ ‘udqd+ udqah « Oh‘ssh shohbh cdkk‘ btbhm‘
qdfnk‘qh d hqqdfnk‘qh hs‘kh‘m‘
« Tm‘ qhbdss‘
« Mdfnyh d mdfnyh‘msh
« Hm btbhm‘9 fkh ‘ssqdyyh
d k‘ s‘unk‘
‘oo‘qdbbgh‘s‘
« Lhrtq‘qd k‘ pt‘mshsÈ
ch bhah d adu‘mcd

TMGS` 89 ANLTMGA:QD gZa’ 005

RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH

« C‘u‘msh ‘kk‘ sdkduhrhnmd « Bnmfhtmshun oqdrdmsd « K‘ sdkduhrhnmd d k‘ q‘chn
« Kn ronqs ch drrdqd d ‘udqd « Hk fhnqm‘kd
ohò ‘l‘sn c‘fkh hs‘kh‘mh « Bnmfhtmshun hlodqedssn « Hk sdkdenmn
« Rdq‘sd hm b‘r‘ ch drrdqd d ‘udqd « Hk bnlotsdq
« ?rbnks‘qd k‘ q‘chn « Oqnmnlh odqrnm‘kh « H oqnfq‘llh hm SU
« Qdfhrsq‘qd d sq‘rldssdqd hmchqdssh « Kn ronqs hm SU
« Kdffdqd hk fhnqm‘kd « Oqnmnlh odqrnm‘kh « Qdfhrsq‘qd d sq‘rldssdqd
« Trh hk bnlotsdq= ‘bbnooh‘sh
« ?k sdkdenmn

5
TMGS` 0.9 CGUDQSGQRG gZa’ 017

RNLL9QGN
RHST?VHNMH BNMSDMTSH FQ?LL?SHB?IH BNMSDMTSH IDRRHB?IH
« Bnld nbbtoh « Hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd « Kd ‘sshuhsÈ
hk stn sdlon= d o‘rr‘sn oqnrrhln cdk sdlon khadqn
« Bnr‘ e‘h mdk sdlon cdh udqah qhekdrrhuh « K‘ r‘k‘ bhmdl‘snfq‘ehb‘
khadqn= d oqnmnlhm‘kh « K‘ kdsstq‘
« ?mc‘qd ‘k bhmdl‘ « ?ffdsshuh pt‘khehb‘shuh « Hk khaqn
« Hm khaqdqh‘ ch fq‘cn onrhshun « ı pth k‘ edrs‘=
« Hm ohrbhm‘ « ?ffdsshuh pt‘khehb‘shuh « Eq‘rh ‘tftq‘kh
« ?kkn rs‘chn ch fq‘cn bnlo‘q‘shun
« Tm‘ u‘b‘my‘ ‘k l‘qd d rtodqk‘shun
« Hm uhrhs‘ ‘ tm‘ bhssÈ « Enqld o‘qshbnk‘qh
« Edrs‘ ch bnlokd‘mmn ch bnlo‘q‘shun
d rtodqk‘shun
« Bnlo‘q‘shun
d rtodqk‘shun
cdfkh ‘uudqah

:OODMCGAG gZa’ 031

« Bnqqdyhnmd cdfkh drdqbhyh

« S‘unkd cdkk‘ bnmhtf‘yhnmd ‘sshu‘ cdh udqah qdfnk‘qh
« S‘unk‘ cdkk‘ bnmhtf‘yhnmd cdh udqah ‘trhkh‘qh
« Bnmhtf‘yhnmd ‘sshu‘ cdh oqhmbho‘kh udqah hqqdfnk‘qh
« K!Hs‘kh‘
« Qdfhnmh’ oqnuhmbd’ rhfkd ‘tsnlnahkhrshbgd’ B?O’ oqdehrrh sdkdenmhbh
« Nqchm‘ldmsn cdkk‘ Qdotaakhb‘ Hs‘kh‘m‘
« B‘kdmc‘qhn cdkkd edrsd bhuhkh d cdkk‘ sq‘chyhnmd b‘ssnkhb‘ hm Hs‘kh‘

IDEDMC:

Drdfth k%drdqbhyhn- Sh bnmrhfkh‘ln k%trn ch tm pt‘cdqmn-

E‘h ‘ssdmyhnmd ‘ tm trn o‘qshbnk‘qd n hqqdfnk‘qd cdkk‘ khmft‘

6
 0
TMGS` 09 OQDRDMS:QRG
OQDRDMS9QRG

HN LH BGH?LN---

✔ Hn lh bgh‘ln L‘qh‘rnk ✔ St rdh ?kadqs ✔ Kth é It‘m d uhdmd c‘ L‘cqhc-

d gn pt‘q‘ms‘rdssd ‘mmh- d g‘h h b‘odkkh mdqh- Kdh rh bgh‘l‘ B‘qldm
d g‘ h id‘mr-

✔ Unh udmhsd c‘k Fg‘m‘ ✔ Mnh bh bgh‘lh‘ln ✔ Knqn rh bgh‘l‘mn

d ‘udsd tm atnm k‘unqn- Ohdqqd d L‘qhd d rh‘ln I‘lhk‘ d ?actkk‘g
l‘qhsn d lnfkhd- d g‘mmn tm ehfkhn-

R?ITS?QRH
✔ Kd oqdrdmsn hk rhfmnq ?laqnrh- ✔ Atnmfhnqmn
✔ Lnksn oh‘bdqd
✔ Atnm‘ fhnqm‘s‘
✔ R‘kud Bnld u‘=
✔ Atnm‘rdq‘
✔ ?aa‘rs‘my‘ admd+ d st=
✔ Atnm‘mnssd
✔ Bh‘n+ bh udch‘ln
✔ ?qqhudcdqbh ‘ oqdrsn ✔ Atnm‘ rdq‘s‘

7
 0
HI O?RR?ONQSN

OQDRDMS9QRG
Flag ag agod
✔ Ltmhqrh cdk o‘rr‘onqsn-
✔ E‘qd qhbghdrs‘ ch o‘rr‘onqsn-
✔ Qhmmnu‘qd hk o‘rr‘onqsn-
✔ Bnmbdcdqd hk o‘rr‘onqsn-
✔ Qhk‘rbh‘qd hk o‘rr‘onqsn-
✔ ?udqd hk o‘rr‘onqsn rb‘ctsn-
✔ ?udqd hk o‘rr‘onqsn u‘khcn-

8
 0
HMBNMSQ?QRH
OQDRDMS9QRG

CH?INFN M- 0

▲ Atnmfhnqmn’ bnld rh bgh‘l‘:

▼ Lh bgh‘ln L‘qh‘rnk Edqm‘mcdy-
▲ C‘ cnud uhdmd:
▼ Rnmn ‘qfdmshm‘-
Udmfn c‘ Atdmnr ?hqdr-
▲ C‘ pt‘msn sdlon é hm Hs‘kh‘:
▼ Rnmn hm Hs‘kh‘ c‘ pthmchbh ‘mmh-

CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Pt‘k é hk rtn mnld:

▼ Hk lhn mnld é L‘qh‘rnk-
▲ D hk bnfmnld:
▼ Edqm‘mcdy-
▲ Pt‘mcn é m‘s‘:
▼ Rnmn m‘s‘ hk 05 ‘fnrsn 0845- Gn pt‘q‘ms‘rdssd ‘mmh-

0 , BNLOIDS?

MNLD BNFMNLD DS° BHSS?CHM?MV?

MoeMrlk

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD

DRRDQD ?UDQD
hn rnmn pth gn tm atnm k‘unqn
st rdh L‘qbn g‘h eqdss‘
kth.kdh é hm b‘r‘ g‘ rdsd
mnh rh‘ln rs‘mbgh ‘aah‘ln ctd ehfkh
unh rhdsd hm ohdch ‘udsd tm‘ adkk‘ b‘r‘
knqn rnmn eq‘mbdrh g‘mmn k‘ l‘bbghm‘

0.
 0
CH?INFN M- 2

OQDRDMS9QRG
▲ Bh‘n’ bnld sh bgh‘lh:
▼ L‘qh‘rnk-
▲ Adk mnld Pt‘msh ‘mmh g‘h:
▼ Pt‘q‘ms‘rdssd-
▲ D cnud ‘ahsh:
▼ ?ahsn ‘ Udqnm‘’ hm uh‘ Bnknlan-

CH?INFN M- 3

▲ Rdh ronr‘s‘:
▼ Rè’ c‘ pthmchbh ‘mmh-
▲ G‘h ehfkh:
▼ Rè’ ctd’ tm l‘rbghn d tm‘ edllhm‘-
▲ Bgd k‘unqn e‘h:
▼ E‘bbhn k‘ btnb‘ hm tm qhrsnq‘msd-

1 , BNLOIDS?

QDRHCDMV? RDRRN Mı EHFIH I?UNQN

atlaM

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD

BGH?L?QRH UDMHQD
hn lh bgh‘ln ?gldc udmfn c‘ Qnl‘
st sh bgh‘lh L‘qh‘ uhdmh hm sqdmn
kth.kdh rh bgh‘l‘ Ftn Rgt‘mf uhdmd cnl‘mh
mnh bh bgh‘lh‘ln ?c‘ d Hun udmh‘ln c‘ sd
unh uh bgh‘l‘sd Qnrrh udmhsd ‘ b‘r‘
knqn rh bgh‘l‘mn Hunmmd d Khrd udmfnmn bnm sd

00
 0
I? M?VHNM?IHS°
OQDRDMS9QRG

OQNUDMHDMV? . ITNFN CH M?RBHS? M?VHNM?IHS°

Hs‘kh‘ hs‘kh‘mn.‘
Hmfghksdqq‘ hmfkdrd
Eq‘mbh‘ eq‘mbdrd
Ro‘fm‘ ro‘fmnkn.‘
?ka‘mh‘ ‘ka‘mdrd
Qnl‘mh‘ qtldmn.‘
L‘qnbbn l‘qnbbghmn.‘
Fg‘m‘ fg‘mdrd
Stmhrh‘ stmhrhmn.‘
?kfdqh‘ ‘kfdqhmn.‘
Bhm‘ bhmdrd
Hmch‘ hmch‘mn.‘
Aq‘rhkd aq‘rhkh‘mn.‘
Bnknlah‘ bnknlah‘mn.‘
Jnrnun jnrnu‘qn.‘
Rdqah‘ rdqan.‘
Bqn‘yh‘ bqn‘sn.‘
Rqh K‘mj‘ rhmf‘kdrd

RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID
L?RBGHID hs‘kh‘mn.fg‘mdrd hs‘kh‘mh.fg‘mdrh

EDLLHMHID hs‘kh‘mZ.fg‘mdrd hs‘kh‘md.fg‘mdrh

2 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Udmfn cVk LVqnbbn-
1 , Udmh‘ln c‘kk%Hmch‘-
2 , L‘qh‘ uhdmd c‘k Aq‘rhkd-
3 , Uhdmh c‘k Jnrnun-
4 , Bg‘mf uhdmd c‘kk‘ Bhm‘-
5 , It‘m uhdmd c‘kk‘ Bnknlah‘-
6 , Udmhsd c‘kk%?ka‘mh‘-
7 , Inrde uhdmd c‘kkn Rqh K‘mj‘-
➙ Rnmn lVqnbbghmn.V-
➙ Rh‘ln -------------------------------------------------
➙ ı ---------------------------------------------------------
➙ Rdh ------------------------------------------------------
➙ ı --------------------------------------------------------
➙ ı --------------------------------------------------------
➙ Rhdsd ---------------------------------------------------
➙ ı ---------------------------------------------------------

01
 0
I? B?QS? C HCDMSHS°

OQDRDMS9QRG
EDOM8MCDV
L8OG8RNI
/5,6,15

ATDMNR 8GODR
GS8IG8M8
UDONM8
B N I N L A N /6
BNMGTF8S8
BTNB8 FMoeMrni dolMlads

/ 51
B8RS8MG
B8RS8MG
MDRRTMN

ENQLD HMSDQQNF?SHUD

BNLD+ PT?MCN+ CNUD+ ODQBGÀ+ PT?ID+ BGD+ PT?MSN+ BGH

Bnld udmhsd ‘ b‘r‘= Odqbgà rdh hm qhs‘qcn=

Bnld u‘= Odqbgà mnm udmhsd bnm ld=
PtZmcn é m‘s‘ L‘qh‘rnk Edqm‘mcdy= PtZi é hk stn o‘drd=
C‘ ptZmcn rdh ‘ Udqnm‘= Bgd l‘bbghm‘ g‘ Snl=
Cnud ‘ahs‘mn L‘qh‘ d Kthr‘= PtZmsh ehfkh g‘h=
C‘ cnud udmhsd= Bgh uhdmd rs‘rdq‘=

3 , QHRONMCH
0 , Bnld sh bgh‘lh=
1 , Pt‘mcn rdh m‘sn.‘=
2 , Pt‘msh ‘mmh g‘h=
3 , C‘ cnud uhdmh=
4 , Bgd k‘unqn e‘h=
5 , Odqbgà rdh hm Hs‘kh‘=
6 , Pt‘k é hk stn hmchqhyyn=
7 , Bgh ‘ahs‘ bnm sd=
8 , C‘ pt‘mcn rdh hm Hs‘kh‘=
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------

02
 0
I ?RODSSN EHRHBN
Fih nbbgh
OQDRDMS9QRG

‘yytqqh
b‘rs‘mh
Gn fih nbbgh mdqh
udqch

fq‘mch
ohbbnkh
‘ l‘mcnqk‘
H bZodiih ahnmch
mdqh
St gZh h bZodiih b‘rs‘mh
qnrrh

ktmfgh
bnqsh
khrbh
qhbbh

CH?INFN M- 4

▲ Bgd adk a‘lahmn

▼ G‘ fkh nbbgh ‘yytqqh bnld rt‘ mnmm‘
d h b‘odkkh qhbbh bnld rtn o‘cqd-
▲ Pt‘msn g‘:
▼ Rdh ldrh-
▲ Bnld rh bgh‘l‘:
▼ Jv‘it bnld rtn mnmmn-

4 , BNLOIDS?
’rdh) Vvvtqqh) aVlahmn) oVcqd) bVodkkh(
Jv‘jt é tm adk --------------------- G‘ fkh nbbgh --------------------- bnld rt‘ mnmm‘

d h --------------------- qhbbh bnld rtn --------------------- G‘ --------------------- ldrh-

03
 0
IZ bnqonqZstqZ d hi odrn
✔ Ohdqqd é fq‘rrn d odr‘ nss‘ms‘ bghkh-

OQDRDMS9QRG
✔ Rtr‘mmd é l‘fq‘ d odr‘ bhmpt‘ms‘ bghkh-

IZ rsZstqZ
✔ Rnmn ‘ksn 0 ldsqn d 6/-
✔ K‘ lh‘ rs‘stq‘
é ch tm ldsqn
d rdss‘ms‘ bdmshldsqh-

Hi bninqd cdiiZ odiid

✔ ?gldc é ch odkkd rbtq‘-
✔ C‘unq g‘ k‘ odkkd bgh‘q‘-

CH?INFN M- 5

▲ Bnld rdh fq‘rr‘

▼ ı udqn’ odq k‘ lh‘ rs‘stq‘ odrn sqnoon-
▲ Pt‘msn rdh ‘ks‘:
▼ Tm ldsqn d rdrr‘ms‘-
▲ D pt‘msn odrh:
▼ Rdss‘ms‘ bghkh d st hmudbd:
▲ Hn rnmn ‘ chds‘ d odrn rnkn
bhmpt‘ms‘bhmptd bghkh-

5 , BNIIDF?
0 , Hn gn h bVodkkh khrbh-
1 , ı ‘ksn ch rs‘stq‘-
2 , G‘ k‘ odkkd bgh‘q‘-
3 , Hn rnmn l‘fqn-
4 , Onqsn h b‘odkkh ktmfgh-
5 , ?ahsn hm tm‘ b‘r‘ fq‘mcd-
‘ , ı a‘rrn ch rs‘stq‘-
a , Hn rnmn fq‘rrn-
b , Gn h bVodkkh qhbbh-
c , G‘ k‘ odkkd rbtq‘-
d , ?ahsn hm tm‘ b‘r‘ ohbbnk‘-
e , Onqsn h b‘odkkh bnqsh-

04
 0
I? E?LHFIH? HM HS?IH?
OQDRDMS9QRG

O‘nkn Eq‘mbdrb‘

Fhtkhn L‘qh‘ Ktb‘ Qhbb‘qcn Dkdm‘

Ehkhoon Fhm‘ B‘qkn Rsde‘mh‘

HDQH

NFFH

IZ eZlhfihZ oZsqhZqbZid
Shohb‘ cdk lnmcn bnms‘chmn
ehmn ‘kk%hmhyhn cdk Z8//+ dq‘ bnlonrs‘
c‘ fdmhsnqh+ ehfkh+ mnmmh+ yhh-

IZ eZlhfihZ mtbidZqd
ı enql‘s‘ c‘ l‘qhsn+ lnfkhd d ehfkh-

05
 0
H MNLH CH O?QDMSDI?

OQDRDMS9QRG
é hk oZcqd L?RBGHID EDLLHMHID
ch Ehkhoon d Fhm‘- o‘cqd l‘cqd
l‘qhsn lnfkhd
eq‘sdkkn rnqdkk‘
fdmdqn mtnq‘

é hk lZqhsn
ch Eq‘mbdrb‘- é k‘ rnqdiiZ
é hk ehfihn
ch B‘qkn-
ch O‘nkn d Eq‘mbdrb‘-

O‘nkn d Eq‘mbdrb‘
é k‘ lnfihd
rnmn h mnmmh ch
ch Fhtkhn-

é hk eqZsdiin ch Qhbb‘qcn-
é mhonsd
ch O‘nkn d Eq‘mbdrb‘-
Dkdm‘ é k‘ vhZ ch

Rsde‘mh‘ d rnmn h mhonsh ch Ktb‘- d Fhm‘ rnmn h btfhmh

ch Rsde‘mh‘ d B‘qkn-

Dkdm‘ d rnmn bnfmZsd-

O‘nkn d Eq‘mbdrb‘
rnmn h rtnbdqh ch

Fhtkhn é hk fdmdqn ch d Eq‘mbdrb‘-

é k‘ mtnqZ
ch O‘nkn d
é k‘ lZcqd
ch Rsde‘mh‘ d B‘qkn-

06
 0
ONRRDRRHUH
OQDRDMS9QRG

RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID

L?RBGHID EDLLHMHID L?RBGHID EDLLHMHID

lhn lh‘ lhdh lhd
stn st‘ stnh std
rtn rt‘ rtnh rtd
mnrsqn mnrsq‘ mnrsqh mnrsqd
unrsqn unrsq‘ unrsqh unrsqd
knqn knqn knqn knqn

hi lhn a‘lahmn h lhdh a‘lahmh lhn ehfkhn h lhdh ehfkh

hi stn k‘unqn h stnh k‘unqh stn eq‘sdkkn h stnh eq‘sdkkh
iZ rt‘ b‘r‘ id rtd b‘rd rt‘ yh‘ id rtd yhd
iZ mnrsq‘ q‘chn id mnrsqd q‘chn mnrsq‘ l‘cqd id mnrsqd l‘cqh
hi unrsqn b‘md h unrsqh b‘mh unrsq‘ btfhm‘ id unrsqd btfhmd
hi knqn mnld h knqn mnlh iZ knqn lnfkhd id knqn lnfkh

6 , BNLOIDS?
’stn) rtnh) rtn) knqn) lhn) rtV) lhV(
0 , Ptdrsn é Ktb‘- O‘nkn d Eq‘mbdrb‘ rnmn h --------------- fdmhsnqh-
1 , Rsde‘mh‘ u‘ ‘k bhmdl‘ bnm --------------- eq‘sdkkn B‘qkn-
2 , L‘qh‘9 zFhtkhn é --------------- l‘qhsn•-
3 , Qhbb‘qcn d Dkdm‘ g‘mmn bgh‘l‘sn Rsde‘mh‘ k‘ --------------- ehfkh‘-
4 , zO‘nkn+ é hm b‘r‘ --------------- ehfkhn Ktb‘=•
5 , Eq‘mbdrb‘9 z--------------- ehfkh‘ rh bgh‘l‘ L‘qh‘•-
6 , Fhm‘ fhnb‘ rodrrn bnm --------------- btfhm‘ Rsde‘mh‘-

7 , RNSSNIHMD?
PtVkh rnmn h onrrdrrhuh:
Hk lhn mnld é L‘qh‘- ?ahsn ‘ Udqnm‘ c‘ ctd ‘mmh- Rnmn ronr‘s‘ d uhun bnm k‘ lh‘
e‘lhfkh‘- Lhn l‘qhsn é ‘ka‘mdrd+ uhdmd c‘ Shq‘m‘- Lh‘ ehfkh‘ g‘ sqd ‘mmh d eqdptdms‘
k‘ rbtnk‘ l‘sdqm‘- K‘ rt‘ l‘drsq‘ é lnksn aq‘u‘ d o‘yhdmsd- K‘ mnrsq‘ b‘r‘ é ohb,
bnk‘+ l‘ odq hk lnldmsn u‘ admd+ ‘mbgd odqbgà ‘aah‘ln cdh uhbhmh lnksn rhlo‘sh,
bh d h knqn ehfkh fhnb‘mn bnm k‘ mnrsq‘ a‘lahm‘- Lhn l‘qhsn k‘unq‘ hm tm l‘f‘yyhmn
ch l‘sdqh‘kd dkdssqhbn+ l‘ hk rtn rshodmchn é ohtssnrsn a‘rrn- Hn rsn ‘mbnq‘ bdqb‘mcn
k‘unqn9 lh oh‘bdqdaad e‘qd k‘ r‘qs‘-

07
 0
H MTLDQH EHMN ? 8/

OQDRDMS9QRG
/ ydqn 0/ chdbh 1/ udmsh 2/ sqdms‘
0 tmn 00 tmchbh 10 udmstmn 20 sqdmstmn
1 ctd 01 cnchbh 11 udmshctd 21 sqdms‘ctd
2 sqd 02 sqdchbh 12 udmshsqà -------------------
3 pt‘ssqn 03 pt‘ssnqchbh 13 udmshpt‘ssqn 3/ pt‘q‘ms‘ -----
4 bhmptd 04 pthmchbh 14 udmshbhmptd 4/ bhmpt‘ms‘ -----
5 rdh 05 rdchbh 15 udmshrdh 5/ rdrr‘ms‘ -----
6 rdssd 06 chbh‘rrdssd 16 udmshrdssd 6/ rdss‘ms‘ -----
7 nssn 07 chbhnssn 17 udmsnssn 7/ nss‘ms‘ -----
8 mnud 08 chbh‘mmnud 18 udmshmnud 8/ mnu‘ms‘ -----

8 , SQ?RENQL?
Hm idssdqd Hm bheqd Hm idssdqd Hm bheqd
0 , PtVqVmstmn ➙ 30 6 , Pthmchbh ➙ -------------------
1 , ------------------- ➙ 14 7 , ------------------- ➙ 01
2 , ------------------- ➙ 07 8 , ------------------- ➙ 77
3 , Sqdms‘sqà ➙ ------------------- 0/ , Mnu‘mstmn ➙ -------------------
4 , Bhmpt‘msnssn ➙ ------------------- 00 , ------------------ ➙ 37
5 , ------------------- ➙ 12 01 , ------------------ ➙ 05

✔ Rnmn m‘sn hk 1 ‘fnrsn 0857- ✔ ?ahsn hm uh‘ Qnl‘ ‘k m- 31-

✔ Rnmn m‘sn hk 1,7,0857-
✔ L‘qhn Ah‘mbgh
✔ Nffh é hk 03 ‘oqhkd 1//1- oh‘yy‘ Qnrrhmh+ 02 , 26014 Udqnm‘
✔ Nffh é hk 03,3,1//1-

✔ Oqdmcn k%‘tsnatr 11-

✔ Hk mtldqn ch
sdkdenmn
cdk ldchbn é /347703024-
✔ Hk mtldqn cdk lhn bdkktk‘qd
✔ Onqsn é 225673401-
k‘ s‘fkh‘ 4/-
✔ Hk lhn mtldqn
ch rb‘qod é hk 27-

08
1
TMGS` 19 GI I:UNQN
GI I9UNQN

FIH ?LAHDMSH CH I?UNQN

Hi bZmshdqd hk b‘qodmshdqd hk ltq‘snqd

k‘ fqt
k%hlo‘kb‘stq‘

k‘ adsnmhdq‘

h l‘ssnmh k‘ b‘qqhnk‘ hk bdldmsn

IZ eZaaqhbZ k%nodq‘h‘ k‘ sts‘ k%nodq‘hn

hk ltkdssn

k‘ b‘sdm‘
ch lnms‘ffhn

hk snqmhn

k‘ bgh‘ud hmfkdrd k‘ ohmy‘ hk b‘bbh‘uhsd

1.
 1

GI I9UNQN
hk b‘ldqhdqd
Hi qhrsnqZmsd hk btnbn
hk bkhdmsd hk k‘u‘oh‘ssh

hk ldmt

hk fqdlahtkd
hk bnmsn
hk u‘rrnhn

k‘ l‘mbh‘

I teehbhn kn ronqsdkkn k‘ rdfqds‘qh‘ hk b‘on teehbhn

k%hlohdf‘sn

k%hlohdf‘s‘
hk bnlotsdq

k%tsdmsd
k‘ l‘bbghm‘
c‘ rbqhudqd

h lnctkh k‘ rbqhu‘mh‘

10
1
SHOH CH I?UNQN

CH?INFN M- 0
GI I9UNQN

▲ Bgd k‘unqn e‘h:

▼ E‘bbhn hk ltq‘snqd-
▲ D stn eq‘sdkkn bgd k‘unqn e‘: k‘ bnke hk bnms‘chmn
▼ Kth e‘ hk btnbn- k‘ cnmm‘ ch rdquhyhn

CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Cnud k‘unq‘mn E‘shl‘ d Mntqqdchmd:

▼ E‘shl‘ k‘unq‘ hm tm a‘q- E‘ k‘ b‘ldqhdq‘-
k‘ bnlldrr‘
Mntqqdchmd mnm k‘unq‘-
▲ D st bnr‘ e‘h:
▼ Hn e‘bbhn k!nodq‘hn d gn hk stqmn ch mnssd-

k%dkdssqhbhrs‘ hk b‘lhnmhrs‘ hk a‘qahdqd hk a‘qhrs‘

HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD , E?QD

hn e‘bbhn k‘ rodr‘
st e‘h s‘qch
k‘ r‘qs‘ kth.kdh e‘ hk stqmn ch mnssd
k‘ o‘qqtbbghdq‘ mnh e‘bbh‘ln tm uh‘ffhn
unh e‘sd hk ahfkhdssn
knqn e‘mmn tm‘ cnl‘mc‘
0 , BNLOIDS?
’ltqVsnqd) rnmn) kVunqn) lh bghVln) ftVcVfmn) bVmshdqd) udmfn(

zAtnmfhnqmn- Bnld rh bgh‘l‘= Bgd k‘unqn e‘= Cnud k‘unq‘=•

zAtnmfhnqmn- -------- Lnrghm Wtkehj‘q- E‘bbhn hk -------- d -------- ‘ Lncdm‘ hm tm --------•
zC‘ cnud uhdmd= ı pth bnm k‘ rt‘ e‘lhfkh‘=•
z-------- c‘kk%Hmch‘ d -------- hm Hs‘kh‘ bnm lh‘ lnfkhd d h lhdh ctd ehfkh-•
zBnld é hk rtn k‘unqn=•
zHk lhn k‘unqn é e‘shbnrn+ l‘ -------- admd-•

11
 1

GI I9UNQN
hk admyhm‘hn k%‘tshrs‘ hk e‘bbghmn hk edqqnuhdqd

HN E?BBHN---
k%hmenql‘shbn k%hmrdfm‘msd

k%hlohdf‘s‘ hk fhtchbd k%hmedqlhdq‘ hk ldchbn

CH?INFN M- 2

▲ Rdh tm!hlohdf‘s‘:
▼ Mn- E‘bbhn k‘ bnlldrr‘ hm tm mdfnyhn ch ‘aahfkh‘ldmsn-
▲ Cnud k‘unqh:
▼ K‘unqn hm bdmsqn’ hm uh‘ L‘yyhmh’ c‘ S‘ql‘mh-
▲ ?mbgd lh‘ rnqdkk‘ k‘unq‘ kè-
▼ C‘uudqn: Bnld rh bgh‘l‘: D , hm tm mdfnyhn
▲ Ktbh‘- Ktbh‘ Fh‘bnldssh- K‘ bnmnrbh: ch o‘qqtbbghdqd
▼ Rè’ bdqsn- ı lnksn rhlo‘shb‘-

1 , BNIIDF?
A , hm tm mdfnyhn
Cnud iZunqZmn= ch ‘aahfkh‘ldmsn

0 , Hk ldchbn B , hm tm nrodcVkd
1 , Hk ltq‘snqd
2 , K‘ o‘qqtbbghdq‘
E , hm tm b‘lon
3 , Hk edqqnuhdqd
4 , Hk bnlldrrn
5 , Hk bnms‘chmn C , hm tm b‘mshdqd ? , rt tm sqdmn

12
1
HI B?IDMC?QHN
H fhnqmh cdiiZ rdsshlZmZ
GI I9UNQN

ktmdcè ✔ Itmdcè+ lZqsdcè+ ldqbnidcè k‘unqn

l‘qsdcè stssn hk fhnqmn-
ldqbnkdcè ✔ Fhnudcè rnmn hm teehbhn c‘kkd 7 ‘kkd 02-
fhnudcè
✔ Udmdqcè e‘bbhn hk stqmn ch mnssd-
udmdqcè
r‘a‘sn ✔ RZaZsn udmfnmn h lhdh ‘lhbh c‘k Aq‘rhkd-
cnldmhb‘ ✔ CnldmhbZ é edrs‘

H ldrh
fdmm‘hn ktfkhn ✔ K‘unqn pth c‘ fdmmZhn-
edaaq‘hn ‘fnrsn ✔ E‘bbhn kd edqhd hm fhtfmn-
l‘qyn rdssdlaqd
✔ Mdk ldrd ch lZqvn hmhyhn
‘oqhkd nssnaqd
l‘ffhn mnudlaqd tm mtnun k‘unqn-
fhtfmn chbdlaqd ✔ Hk qhrsnq‘msd bghtcd hm mnudlaqd-
✔ Hm Zfnrsn hk mdfnyhn é ‘odqsn
ehmn ‘kkd 02-

I Zmmn Hi rdbnin
✔ ı hmhyh‘sn k%Zmmn 1//2-
✔ Hk 0888 é rs‘sn k%tkshln Zmmn cdk udmsdrhln
rdbnin-
✔ Ptdrs%Zmmn e‘bbhn tm‘ u‘b‘my‘ ‘k l‘qd-
✔ K%Zmmn rbnqrn rnmn o‘qshsn c‘ Khl‘-
✔ K%Zmmn oqnrrhln bnlohn udms%‘mmh-

Hi fhnqmn
CH?INFN M- 3 hdqh nffh cnl‘mh
▲ Bgd fhnqmn é nffh:
▼ ı hk 04 ‘oqhkd-
▲ Rè’ l‘ bgd fhnqmn cdkk‘ rdsshl‘m‘:
▼ ı fhnudcè-
▲ D fhnudcè oqnrrhln bgd fhnqmn é:
▼ ı hk 11 ‘oqhkd-

13
 1
H fhnqmh d hi iZunqn

GI I9UNQN
h fhnqmh k‘unq‘shuh h fhnqmh edrshuh h fhnqmh ch edqhd
kd u‘b‘myd

Id oZqsh cdi fhnqmn

k‘ l‘sshm‘ hk onldqhffhn k‘ rdq‘ k‘ mnssd

Id rsZfhnmh

k‘ oqhl‘udq‘ k%drs‘sd k%‘tstmmn k%hmudqmn

✔ Onrrh‘ln udmhqd hm Ztstmmn- ✔ U‘cn hm edqhd k%hmudqmn oqnrrhln-

✔ K‘ rbtnk‘ bnlhmbh‘ ‘kk‘ ehmd ✔ Mdkkd cnldmhbgd ch oqhlZudqZ
cdkk%drsZsd- e‘bbhn ktmfgd o‘rrdffh‘sd-

2 , NQCHM?
0 , Kd e‘bbhn mdk edqhd ‘fnrsn ch ldrd-
1 , C‘kkd k‘unqn nfmh nssn fhnqmn rdchbh ‘kkd-
2 , K‘ k% é lh‘ ‘tstmmn oqdedqhs‘ rs‘fhnmd-
3 , Hm u‘cn hm ‘ oqhl‘udq‘ k‘unq‘qd ahbhbkdss‘-
4 , Lhk‘mn lnksn ‘ hmudqmn k% eqdccn é-

14
1
O?QI?QD CH I?UNQN

CH?INFN M- 4
GI I9UNQN

▲ Ktmdcè udmfn ‘k k‘unqn ohò s‘qch-

▼ Odqbgà’ O‘tk:
▲ Odqbgà cnldmhb‘ uhdmd lh‘ l‘cqd
c‘kk‘ Eq‘mbh‘ d e‘bbhn tm‘ fq‘mcd edrs‘-
▼ Bnld rh bgh‘l‘ st‘ l‘cqd:
▲ Rh bgh‘l‘ Bk‘tcd-
▼ D bnr‘ e‘ hm Eq‘mbh‘:
▲ K‘ b‘r‘khmf‘-

CH?INFN M- 5

▲ Cnl‘mh mnm udmfn ‘k k‘unqn-

Snqmn fhnudcè oqnrrhln-
▼ Odqbgà’ rhfmnq Bnqchnkh: U‘ uh‘:
▲ Mn’ é hk fhnqmn khadqn ch lh‘ lnfkhd
d ‘qqhu‘mn h mnrsqh ‘lhbh c‘kk‘ Qnl‘mh‘-
▼ Rnmn pth hm u‘b‘my‘ n odq k‘unqn:
▲ Rnmn hm Hs‘kh‘ hm edqhd odq stssn
hk ldrd ch ktfkhn-
▼ Bgd k‘unqn e‘mmn:
▲ Rnmn hlohdf‘sh stssh d ctd-

3 , RBDFIH
0 , PtVmcn uhdmd kV lVcqd ch OVtk: ‘ , Ohò s‘qch-
a , CnldmhbV-
b , Ktmdcè-
1 , Pt‘mcn snqm‘ ‘k k‘unqn hk rhfmnq Bnqchnkh= ‘ , Fhnudcè oqnrrhln-
a , Sq‘ tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘-
b , Cnl‘mh-
2 , Cnl‘mh rt‘ lnfkhd k‘unq‘= ‘ , Rè-
a , Mn-
3 , Pt‘mcn ‘qqhu‘mn fkh ‘lhbh= ‘ , Cnl‘mh-
a , Mdk ldrd ch ktfkhn-
b , Nffh-

15
 1
CH?INFN M- 6

▲ Nffh mnm e‘bbhn mhdmsd- Rnmn hm edqhd-

GI I9UNQN
▼ L‘ mnm e‘h mdlldmn k‘ rodr‘:
▲ Odqbgà mnm k‘ e‘h st:
▼ Hn k‘unqn Mnm gn sdlon-
▲ Mnm e‘h l‘h mhdmsd pt‘mcn rdh ‘ b‘r‘-
▼ Mnm é udqn Hn k‘unqn lnksn ‘ b‘r‘ d hm teehbhn-

CH?INFN M- 7

▲ Ingm mnm ‘qqhu‘ l‘h otmst‘kd ‘k k‘unqn-

▼ Rè’ l‘ uhdmd c‘ knms‘mn-
Uhdmd bnm hk sqdmn-
▲ Mnm é udqn G‘ k!‘tsnlnahkd-
▼ ?kknq‘ mnm chbd k‘ udqhsÈ-
▲ Hn hmudbd mnm rnmn l‘h hm qhs‘qcn-
▼ Mdlldmn hn-

I? EQ?RD MDF?SHU?

hn mnm rnmn mdootqd hm qhs‘qcn

st mnm ‘qqhuh lZh otmst‘kd
kth.kdh mnm l‘mfh‘ mdZmbgd k‘ b‘qmd
mnh mnm ‘aah‘ln mdlldmn tm on% ch rnkch
unh mnm onsdsd mdZmbgd k‘unq‘qd
knqn mnm k‘unq‘mn lZh c‘ rnkh

4 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Hn kVunqn-
1 , W‘q‘ sdkdenm‘-
2 , Nffh ohnud-
3 , Hn onrrn qhonrVqd-
4 , W‘q‘ utnkd sdkdenm‘qd-
5 , Khm Ot cdud o‘qk‘qd-
6 , St gVh sdlon-
7 , Eq‘my é otmst‘kd-
8 , ?gldc onqs‘ k%nqnknfhn-
➙ Hn mnm kVunqn-
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------
➙ Hn mnm onrrn mdVmbgd qhonrVqd-
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------
➙ St mnm gVh lVh sdlon-
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------

16
1
BDQB?QD I?UNQN

CH?INFN M- 8
GI I9UNQN

▲ Uhdmh bnm ld ‘kk!Teehbhn ch Bnkknb‘ldmsn:

▼ Mn’ mnm onrrn- Cdun ‘mc‘qd ‘k k‘unqn
oqnoqhn ‘cdrrn-
▲ Lh ‘bbnlo‘fmh cnl‘mh:
▼ Mnm otnh ‘mc‘qd c‘ rnkn:
▲ Mnm unfkhn ‘mc‘qd c‘ rnkn-
Lh cduh ‘hts‘qd ‘ bnlohk‘qd h lnctkh-
▼ U‘ admd’ udmfn cnl‘mh-
L‘ cduh hlo‘q‘qd

HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD , UDQAH RDQUHIH

UNIDQD

hn unfihn k‘unq‘qd hm Hs‘kh‘

st utnh ‘udqd tm ehfkhn
kth.kdh utnid ‘mc‘qd ‘kkn rs‘chn
mnh unfihZln hlo‘q‘qd k%hs‘kh‘mn
unh unidsd adqd tm b‘eeé
knqn unfihnmn e‘qd tm‘ o‘rrdffh‘s‘

ONSDQD

hn onrrn edql‘qlh c‘ sd
st otnh sdkdenm‘qlh cnl‘mh
CH?INFN M- 0/ kth.kdh otì o‘qk‘qd hs‘kh‘mn
mnh onrrhZln trbhqd bnm unh
▲ Atnm‘rdq‘- Rnmn pth unh onsdsd oqdmcdqd k%‘dqdn
odq tm k‘unqn- knqn onrrnmn rs‘qd sq‘mpthkkh
▼ G‘ tm‘ pt‘khehb‘:
CNUDQD
▲ Rè- Rnmn tm r‘kc‘snqd
rodbh‘khyy‘sn- hn cdun o‘f‘qd kd s‘rrd
▼ Admd’ onrrn ‘rrtldqk‘ st cduh ‘udqd o‘yhdmy‘
bnm h mtnuh bnmsq‘ssh rhmc‘b‘kh- kth.kdh cdud ‘rodss‘qd hk rtn stqmn
▲ Pt‘mcn cdun udmhqd: mnh cnaahZln ‘eeqdss‘qbh
unh cnudsd bnloq‘qd tm‘ b‘r‘
▼ Ktmdcè oqnrrhln’ ‘kkd nssn-
knqn cdunmn cdbhcdqd rtahsn
Lh q‘bbnl‘mcn k‘ otmst‘khsÈ-

17
 1
CH?INFN M- 00

▲ Atnmfhnqmn- Bnr‘ cdrhcdq‘:

GI I9UNQN
▼ Kdh bdqb‘ tm hlohdf‘sn’ mnm é udqn:
▲ Rè’ é udqn- Kdh utnkd e‘qd
ptdrsn k‘unqn:
▼ Rè- Gn hk choknl‘ ch q‘fhnmhdqd-
▲ G‘ drodqhdmy‘ hm ptdrsn b‘lon:
▼ Mn’ l‘ gn lnks‘ atnm‘ unknmsÈ-

CH?INFN M- 01

▲ Bh‘n’ ?c‘l- Cduh e‘qd hk khaqdssn

ch k‘unqn:
▼ Rè- C‘kk‘ rdsshl‘m‘ oqnrrhl‘ k‘unqn
‘k a‘q ch uh‘ L‘ldkh-
▲ C‘uudqn: Bnld é kn rshodmchn:
▼ Atnmn- L‘ cdun e‘qd h stqmh9
tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘ ch l‘sshm‘
d tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘ ch onldqhffhn-
▲ ?tftqh ‘kknq‘’ d atnm‘ enqstm‘
▼ ?mbgd ‘ sd-

5 , BNMHTF?
0 , CnlVmh ’hn) onsdqd( onrrn oVfVqd hk bnmsn-
1 , Fh‘bnln mnm ’unkdqd( -------------------- rstch‘qd khmftd-
2 , Inxbd mnm ’cnudqd( -------------------- oqdnbbto‘qrh-
3 , Mnh ’unkdqd( -------------------- udmhqd ‘ b‘r‘ st‘-
4 , Rd ’st+ onsdqd( -------------------- lh e‘h tm oh‘bdqd=
5 , Mnm ’unh+ onsdqd( -------------------- etl‘qd pth

6 , RBDFIH
0 , BnrZ eZh cnlZmh=
‘ , Unfkhn ‘mc‘qd
‘k bhmdl‘-
a , Lh bgh‘ln ?kè-
b , Udmfn c‘kk%Dfhssn-
1 , Nffh rdh ihadqn=
‘ , Mnm unfkhn hk b‘eeé-
a , Gn udmshsqà ‘mmh-
b , Mn+ cdun k‘unq‘qd
stssn hk fhnqmn-
2 , Cnud onrrn udmhqd=
‘ , Gn sqd rnqdkkd-
a , Otnh udmhqd
‘ b‘r‘ lh‘-
b , Otnh udmhqd hm ‘fnrsn-

18
1
HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD , UDQAH QDFNI?QH

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd I?UNQ,?QD
GI I9UNQN

hn
st
k‘unq,n
k‘unq,h
unkdmshdqh
stss‘ k‘ rdsshl‘m‘
Flag ag agod
kth.kdh k‘unq,Z ‘mbgd hk r‘a‘sn ✔ K‘unqn ‘ n
qd
mnh k‘unq,hZln hm hmudqmn ✔ K‘unqn o‘q
unh k‘unq,Zsd sqnoon s shld
knqn k‘unq,Zmn ctq‘ldmsd ✔ K‘unqn ‘ f
hnqm‘s‘
✔ K‘unqn ‘ c
1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd ODQC,DQD nlhbhkhn
✔ K‘unqn cho
dmcdmsd
hn odqc,n hk onrsn ch k‘unqn ✔ K‘unqn ‘t
st odqc,h hk sqdmn snmnln
kth.kdh odqc,d sdlon hmtshkldmsd ✔ K‘unqn hm
oqnoqhn
mnh odqc,hZln k‘ rbnlldrr‘ ✔ K‘unqn mdq
n
unh odqc,dsd h cnbtldmsh
✔ K‘unqn ehrr
knqn odqc,nmn k‘ sdrs‘ n
✔ K‘unqn oqd
b‘qhn
2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd O?QS,HQD ✔ K‘unqn l
‘mt‘kd
hn o‘qs,n k%drs‘sd oqnrrhl‘ ✔ K‘unqn hm
sdkkdsst‘kd
st o‘qs,h bnm hk sqdmn ✔ K‘unqn ch
kth.kdh o‘qs,d odq kd edqhd e‘shb‘
mnh o‘qs,hZln stssh hmrhdld
unh o‘qs,hsd hm ‘fnrsn
knqn o‘qs,nmn odq Lhk‘mn

7 , BNMHTF?
G‘ehc ’bdqbVqd( bdqbV k‘unqn- Nfmh ‘mmn ’udmhqd( --------------- hm Hs‘kh‘ hm drs‘sd odq k‘,
unq‘qd bnld b‘ldqhdqd hm tm‘ ohyydqh‘- Ptdrs%‘mmn odqì k‘ ohyydqh‘ ’drrdqd(
--------------- bghtr‘ d G‘ehc ’bghdcdqd( --------------- ‘htsn ‘kk%‘lhbn Nl‘q-
G‘ehc9 zNl‘q+ ’hn+ unkdqd( --------------- bghdcdqd ‘k qhrsnq‘msd ZC‘k F‘k% rd ’‘udqd(
--------------- ahrnfmn ch odqrnm‘kd•-
Nl‘q9 zLh chroh‘bd G‘ehc+ l‘ ’hn+ bqdcdqd( --------------- ch mn- Knqn ’k‘unq‘qd(
--------------- ch ohò hm hmudqmn- Hn ’onsdqd( --------------- oqdrdms‘qsh ‘k rhfmnq Ed,
cdkhmh- Kth ’drrdqd( --------------- hk oqnoqhds‘qhn ch tm a‘q- Enqrd kth ’onsdqd(
--------------- ‘rrtldqsh•-
G‘ehc9 zFq‘yhd- St ’drrdqd( --------------- tm udqn ‘lhbn L‘ hn mnm ’‘udqd( --------------- hk
khaqdssn ch k‘unqn•-
Nl‘q9 zMnm oqdnbbto‘qsh- Cnl‘mh onldqhffhn hn mnm ’k‘unq‘qd( --------------- d rd ’st+
unkdqd( --------------- hn sh ’‘hts‘qd( --------------- ‘ oqdo‘q‘qd h cnbtldmsh•-

2.
 1
HI I?UNQN HM QDFNI?
✔ k‘ sqdchbdrhl‘

GI I9UNQN
✔ k‘ fq‘shehb‘ m‘s‘khyh‘

✔ k‘ odmrhnmd
✔ k%HMOR
✔ h bnmsqhatsh
✔ k‘ atrs‘ o‘f‘
✔ kn rshodmchn
✔ k‘ qdsqhatyhnmd

✔ hk bnmsq‘ssn
✔ hk khaqdssn ch k‘unqn
✔ fkh rsq‘nqchm‘qh
✔ k‘ l‘k‘ssh‘
✔ k%‘rrhrsdmy‘ r‘mhs‘qh‘
✔ k%HM?HK+ fkh hmenqstmh

8 , BNLOIDS?
’nffh) atrsV oVfV) cVsnqd) rshodmchn) rsqVnqchmVqh(
--------------- é tm adk fhnqmn odq O‘tk- Qhshq‘ k‘ rt‘ oqhl‘ --------------- Hk --------------- ch k‘,
unqn kn ‘rodss‘ hm teehbhn-
Hk b‘on teehbhn9 zDbbn O‘tk- Ptdrsn é hk rtn oqhln --------------- Rh‘ln bnmsdmsh cdk rtn
k‘unqn- Ptdrsn ldrd bh rnmn ohò rnkch odqbgà bh rnmn lnksh ---------------•-

0/ , UDQN N E?IRN=
zBh‘n+ Eq‘mj- Bnld u‘= Rdh rs‘mbn=•
zMn+ mnm rnmn rs‘mbn- Ptdrsn mnm é tm k‘unqn e‘shbnrn- Mnm e‘bbhn h stqmh d
rldssn ch k‘unq‘qd nfmh fhnqmn ‘kkd bhmptd cdk onldqhffhn- R‘h+ k‘unq‘qd hm qdfnk‘
é tm‘ atnm‘ bnr‘- Gn h bnmsqhatsh odq k‘ odmrhnmd+ kd edqhd o‘f‘sd d k‘ sqdchbdrhl‘-
Mnm lh onrrn k‘ldms‘qd- Hk lhn ‘lhbn Nl‘q é renqstm‘sn+ odqbgà k‘unq‘ rdmy‘
bnmsq‘ssn•-

0 , Eq‘mj e‘ tm k‘unqn e‘shbnrn- U E

1 , Pt‘mcn u‘ hm edqhd mnm é o‘f‘sn- U E
2 , G‘ h bnmsqhatsh odq k‘ odmrhnmd- U E
3 , Eq‘mj rh k‘ldms‘- U E
4 , Nl‘q mnm k‘unq‘ hm qdfnk‘- U E

20
2
TMGS` 29 I: R:ITSD
I9 R9ITSD

HI RDQUHVHN R?MHS?QHN HM HS?IH?

h e‘ql‘bh kd ‘m‘khrh

hk odch‘sq‘

hk ldchbn ch a‘rd

k‘ qhbdss‘

hk qhbnudqn hm nrodc‘kd

kd uhrhsd rodbh‘khrshbgd
hk oqnmsn rnbbnqrn

k%‘latk‘my‘

k‘ ft‘qch‘ ldchb‘
’c‘kkd nqd 1/ ‘kkd nqd 7+
r‘a‘sn d fhnqmh edrshuh( hk bnmrtksnqhn e‘lhkh‘qd

21
 2
OQDMNS?QD TM? UHRHS?

CH?INFN M- 0

I9 R9ITSD
▲ Atnmfhnqmn-
▼ Atnmfhnqmn- Oqdfn:
▲ Gn oqdmns‘sn tm‘ uhrhs‘ nbtkhrshb‘
odq hk 1. l‘ffhn’ l‘ ptdk fhnqmn
gn tm hlodfmn- Onrrn ronrs‘qd
k!‘ootms‘ldmsn:
▼ Udch‘ln --- g‘ sdkdenm‘sn hdqh
odq oqdmns‘qd:
▲ Rè’ g‘ sdkdenm‘sn tm‘ lh‘ ‘lhb‘-
▼ Otqsqnoon b!é tm onrsn chronmhahkd rnkn sq‘ tm ldrd’ hk 04 fhtfmn-
▲ Oqhl‘ mnm é onrrhahkd:
▼ Lh chroh‘bd’ l‘ ehmn ‘k 04 fhtfmn é stssn nbbto‘sn-
▲ ?kknq‘ e‘bbhn hk onrrhahkd odq udmhqd hk 1. l‘ffhn-
Pt‘kh cnbtldmsh rdqunmn:
▼ Hk khaqdssn r‘mhs‘qhn d k‘ oqdrbqhyhnmd cdk rtn ldchbn ch a‘rd-

0 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , K‘ o‘yhdmsd g‘ oqdmns‘sn tm‘ uhrhs‘ nqsnodchb‘- U E
1 , K‘ o‘yhdmsd g‘ tm hlodfmn hk 1/ l‘ffhn- U E
2 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ sdkdenm‘ odq ronrs‘qd k%‘ootms‘ldmsn- U E
3 , Otqsqnoon b%é onrsn rnkn sq‘ tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘- U E
4 , Ehmn ‘k 04 fhtfmn é stssn nbbto‘sn- U E
5 , Mnm rdqud k‘ oqdrbqhyhnmd cdk ldchbn- U E
6 , Rdqud hk khaqdssn r‘mhs‘qhn- U E

HMCHB?SHUN O?RR?SN OQNRRHLN , UDQAH QDFNI?QH

’OQDRDMSD CH ?UDQD ) O?QSHBHOHN O?RR?SN(
0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd hn gn sdidenmZsn ‘k ldchbn
sdkdenm,Zqd st gZh sdidenmZsn ‘kk%?RK

1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd kth.kdh gZ qhbdutsn tm oqdlhn

qhbdu,dqd mnh ZaahZln qhbdutsn tm‘ kdssdq‘

2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd unh Zudsd ehmhsn kd ldchbhmd

ehm,hqd knqn gZmmn ehmhsn k‘ sdq‘oh‘

22
2
ID O?QSH CDI BNQON
hk uhrn
I9 R9ITSD

k‘ rbghdm‘

h b‘odkkh
k‘ sdrs‘ hk snq‘bd

k‘ ro‘kk‘ hk bnkkn
hk eh‘mbn
k%‘rbdkk‘ k%‘ccnld
hk rdmn
hk fnlhsn hk odmd
hk sdrshbnkh
hk aq‘bbhn
k‘ bnrbh‘
hk onkrn hk otad
hk chsn k‘ u‘fhm‘ hk fhmnbbghn
k‘ l‘mn
k‘ f‘la‘

hk ohdcd k‘ b‘uhfkh‘

k‘ eqnmsd

kd rnoq‘bbhfkh‘
kd bhfkh‘
k%nbbghn k%nqdbbghn
k‘ ft‘mbh‘
k‘ anbb‘ hk m‘rn
h a‘eeh
RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID
k‘ a‘qa‘
iZ l‘mn ➙ id l‘mh
hi chsn ➙ id chsZ
hi aq‘bbhn ➙ id aq‘bbhZ
hi fhmnbbghn ➙ id fhmnbbghZ
i nqdbbghn ➙ id nqdbbghd n fih nqdbbgh

23
 2
?QSHBNIN CDSDQLHM?SHUN

L?RBGHID

I9 R9ITSD
RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn
IN FIH bnm r ) bnmrnmZmsd+ v+ or+ fm
kn rsnl‘bn+ kn orhbgh‘sq‘+ fkh rodbh‘khrsh+ fkh vnbbnkh
cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn
HI H bnm id Zisqd bnmrnmZmsh
hk ldchbn+ hk e‘ql‘bn+ h qdo‘qsh+ h odch‘sqh

cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn bnm unbZid

I FIH
k%hmedqlhdqd+ k%nqdbbghn+ fkh nrodc‘kh+ fkh nbbgh

EDLLHMHID
RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID
cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn bnm bnmrnmZmsd
I? ID
k‘ e‘ql‘bh‘+ k‘ ldchbhm‘+ kd bnloqdrrd+ kd ohkknkd

cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn bnm unbZid

I ID
k%hmedqlhdq‘+ k%nrsdsqhb‘+ kd Zrrhrsdmsh+ kd Zm‘khrh

1 , BNLOIDS?
’kV) kV) h) k!) k!(
0 , ----- cnssnqdrr‘ mnm g‘ onstsn uhrhs‘qlh-
1 , ----- hlohdf‘sn ‘kk‘ b‘rr‘ é rs‘sn lnksn fdmshkd-
2 , Stssh ----- ldchbh cdk Chrsqdssn rnmn hm rbhnodqn-
3 , Mnm gn ‘mbnq‘ e‘ssn ----- dr‘ld cdk r‘mftd-
4 , ----- qhbdss‘ é rb‘cts‘-

2 , BNLOIDS?

HI IN I? I
seaics oeacssM

shbids) qhbdssV) rstchn+ ronqsdkkn+ ‘latk‘snqhn+ orhbnknfn+ cnssnqd+ hmedqlhdqd+ ‘rrh,

rsdmsd+ kdsshmn+ b‘on qdo‘qsn+ nrodc‘kd+ o‘yhdmsd+ ldchbhm‘+ nrsdsqhb‘+ q‘chnfq‘eh‘+
l‘k‘ssh‘+ ldchbn-

24
2
H RHMSNLH CH TM? L?I?SSH?
I9 R9ITSD

✔ Gn lZi ch
sdrsZ+ odqbgà gn
✔ Gn lZi ch cnqlhsn onbn-
oZmbhZ+ odqbgà
gn l‘mfh‘sn
sqnoon-

✔ Gn lZi ch
fniZ+ odqbgà gn
oqdrn eqdccn-
✔ Gn lZi ch
rsnlZbn+ odqbgà
mnm gn chfdqhsn
admd-
✔ Gn lZi ch
rbghdmZ+ odqbgà
gn rdloqd
rneedqsn ch ‘qsqnrh-

✔ Gn lZi
c nqdbbghn+
odqbgà gn ‘utsn
hk q‘eeqdccnqd-
✔ Gn lZi ch
cdmsh+ odqbgà gn
‘utsn tm
3 , BNLOIDS? ‘rbdrrn-

’fnkV) fnkV) sdrsV) sdrsV) oVmbhV) oVmbhV) cdmsh) rbghdmV) nqdbbghn) rsnlVbn(
0 , Inrde g‘ l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà g‘ cnqlhsn onbn-
1 , H a‘lahmh g‘mmn l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà g‘mmn oqdrn eqdccn-
2 , G‘h l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà g‘h ‘utsn tm ‘rbdrrn-
3 , R‘q‘g g‘ l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà g‘ rdloqd rneedqsn ch ‘qsqnrh-
4 , ?aah‘ln l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà mnm ‘aah‘ln chfdqhsn admd-
5 , G‘h l‘k ch --------------- odqbgà g‘h l‘mfh‘sn sqnoon-
6 , Bg‘mc‘ d Lhsdrg g‘mmn l‘k c% --------------- odqbgà g‘mmn ‘utsn hk q‘eeqdccnqd-
7 , Rd l‘mfh sqnoon sh uhdmd l‘k ch ---------------
8 , Bgh cnqld onbn rneeqd ch l‘k ch ---------------
0/ , Mnm oqdmcdqd eqdccn+ sh uhdmd l‘k ch ---------------

25
 2
CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Bh‘n E‘shl‘’ bnld u‘ k‘ st‘ rbghdm‘:

I9 R9ITSD
▼ Lh e‘ rdloqd l‘kd-
▲ Rdh ‘mc‘s‘ c‘k cnssnqd:
▼ Mnm ‘mbnq‘-
▲ Bnld l‘h:
▼ Mnm gn ‘utsn sdlon odqbgà k‘ rdsshl‘m‘
rbnqr‘ é ‘qqhu‘sn lhn eq‘sdkkn c‘k L‘qnbbn-
▲ Oqdmch ‘kldmn pt‘kbgd ldchbhm‘:
▼ Rè’ rnmn ‘mc‘s‘ hm e‘ql‘bh‘
d gn bnloq‘sn cdkkd bnloqdrrd-
▲ U‘ admd’ l‘ cduh e‘qsh uhrhs‘qd c‘k cnssnqd
d rdfthqd tm‘ btq‘ ‘cdft‘s‘-

4 , BNLOIDS?
’btqV) Vutsn) cVk) eVqlVbhV) rbnqrV(
E‘shl‘ mnm é ‘mbnq‘ ‘mc‘s‘ --------------- cnssnqd- Mnm g‘ --------------- sdlon odqbgà k‘
rdsshl‘m‘ --------------- é ‘qqhu‘sn rtn eq‘sdkkn c‘k L‘qnbbn- Hm --------------- g‘ bnloq‘sn
cdkkd o‘rshfkhd odq b‘kl‘qd hk cnknqd+ l‘ cdud ‘k ohò oqdrsn e‘qrh uhrhs‘qd d rdfthqd tm‘
--------------- ‘cdft‘s‘-

Hi oZrrZsn oqnrrhln cdh udqah bgd droqhlnmn lnuhldmsn n sqZrenqlZvhnmd

rh enqlZ bnm i ZtrhihZqd DRRDQD d mnm bnm ?UDQD-
cnqlhqd ➙ gn cnqlhsn
ZmcZqd ➙ rnmn ZmcZsn

HMCHB?SHUN O?RR?SN OQNRRHLN , ?MC?QD+ B?CDQD+ O?QSHQD

’OQDRDMSD CH DRRDQD ) O?QSHBHOHN O?RR?SN(
ptdrs‘ l‘sshm‘ hn rnmn ZmcZsn.Z hm nrodc‘kd
hdqh onldqhffhn st rdh bZctsn.Z c‘kkd rb‘kd
nffh kth.kdh é oZqshsn.Z odq Qnl‘
hk ldrd rbnqrn mnh rhZln ZmcZsh.d c‘k ldchbn
tm%nq‘ e‘ unh rhdsd bZctsh.d c‘kk‘ ahbhbkdss‘
l‘qsdcè rbnqrn knqn rnmn oZqshsh.d ‘kkd bhmptd

26
2
HM E?QL?BH?

CH?INFN M- 2
I9 R9ITSD

▲ Unqqdh tm ‘mshahnshbn odq lhn l‘qhsn-

G‘ edaaqd d l‘k ch fnk‘-
▼ G‘ k‘ qhbdss‘ cdk ldchbn:
▲ Mn- Mnm onrrn bnloq‘qkn tft‘kldmsd:
▼ Mn’ rhfmnq‘’ lh chroh‘bd- Odq ‘bpthrs‘qd
tm ‘mshahnshbn é mdbdrr‘qh‘ k‘ qhbdss‘
rbqhss‘ c‘ tm ldchbn-
▲ Bgd bnr‘ onrrn e‘qd:
▼ Kdh g‘ hk khaqdssn r‘mhs‘qhn:
▲ Rè-
▼ ?kknq‘ cdud ‘mc‘qd c‘k rtn ldchbn ch a‘rd d bghdcdqd k‘ oqdrbqhyhnmd-
▲ Rd gn k‘ qhbdss‘ o‘fn k!‘mshahnshbn:
▼ Kdh o‘f‘ rnkn hk shbids’ bhné tm‘ ohbbnk‘ bheq‘ d mnm hk oqdyyn hmsdqn
cdkk‘ ldchbhm‘-

Oqncnssh eZqlZbdtshbh hk bnsnmd hcqnehkn

kd bnloqdrrd
kd ldchbhmd
k‘ b‘ortk‘

hk sdqlnldsqn
kd ohkknkd

kd rtoonrsd

k‘ eh‘k‘
kn rbhqnoon k‘ rhqhmf‘
h bdqnssh
Oqncnssh odq i hfhdmd odqrnmZid
kn ro‘yynkhmn c‘ cdmsh
hk r‘onmd

k‘ bqdl‘ rnk‘qd
hk a‘fmn rbghtl‘ hk cdmsheqhbhn

27
 2
Shoh ch eZqlZbh

I9 R9ITSD
fkh ‘m‘kfdrhbh fkh ‘mshohqdshbh h sq‘mpthkk‘msh
fkh ‘mshcnknqhehbh

fkh ‘mshrs‘lhmhbh fkh ‘mshmeh‘ll‘snqh h rnmmhedqh

HmenqlZvhnmh tshih
Rtkkd bnmedyhnmh n ‘kk%hmsdqmn rnmn rbqhssd
‘kbtmd hmenql‘yhnmh hlonqs‘msh-
ONRNINFH?
Bnloqdrrd k‘ bnmedyhnmd
A‘lahmh9 c‘ 5 ‘ 01 ‘mmh9 0.1 bnloqdrr‘+ 2,3 unksd ‘k fhnqmn-
?ctksh9 0 bnloqdrr‘+ 2,3 unksd ‘k fhnqmn-
Rtoonrsd
?ctksh9 1 rtoonrsd ‘k cè- hk bnms‘fnbbd
Fnbbd
Hmrshkk‘qd mdk bnmcnssn tchshun drsdqmn 1,3 unksd ‘k fhnqmn-
A‘lahmh9 3,4 fnbbd nfmh unks‘-
?ctksh9 4,7 fnbbd nfmh unks‘- hk enfkhdssn hkktrsq‘shun

‘ bgd bnr‘ rdqud

k‘ ldchbhm‘
pt‘kh qhrbgh bh rnmn
bgd bnr‘ bnmshdmd bnld d pt‘mcn
oqdmcdqd k‘ ldchbhm‘
c‘s‘ hm bth hk e‘ql‘bn mnm é ohò u‘khcn

✔ Mnm rtodq‘qd kd cnrh bnmrhfkh‘sd-

✔ Sdmdqd etnqh c‘kk‘ onqs‘s‘ cdh a‘lahmh-

28
2
HI OQNMSN RNBBNQRN
k‘ ldchb‘yhnmd
I9 R9ITSD

k‘ o‘yhdmsd

k%teehbhn ‘bbdss‘yhnmd
k‘ edqhs‘

hk chrhmedss‘msd k‘ f‘qy‘

k‘ q‘chnfq‘eh‘ k%hmfdrr‘stq‘
hk fdrrn

k‘ eq‘sstq‘

k%‘latk‘my‘

hk qdo‘qsn

k‘ a‘qdkk‘

3.
 2
?I OQNMSN RNBBNQRN

CH?INFN M- 3

I9 R9ITSD
▲ ?u‘msh hk oqnrrhln- ? bgh snbb‘:
▼ ? ld-
▲ Oqdfn- Bgd bnr‘ é rtbbdrrn:
▼ Rnmn b‘ctsn c‘kk‘ rb‘k‘-
▲ Kd e‘ l‘kd hm ptdrsn otmsn:
▼ Rè’ lnksn-
▲ K‘ rt‘ b‘uhfkh‘ é eq‘sstq‘s‘-
?cdrrn kd ldssh‘ln hk fdrrn-
▼ Odq pt‘msn sdlon cdun onqs‘qkn:
▲ Odq udmsh fhnqmh-

5 , QHRONMCH
0 , Bgd bnr‘ é rtbbdrrn ‘k q‘f‘yyn=
1 , Odqbgà k‘ cnssnqdrr‘ cdbhcd ch ldssdqd hk fdrrn=
2 , Odq pt‘msh fhnqmh hk q‘f‘yyn cdud onqs‘qd k%hmfdrr‘stq‘=

O?QSHBHOHN O?RR?SN , UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH

qhlZmdqd ➙ qhlZrsn Rnmn phlZrsZ V kdssn odq stssn hk fhnqmn-

mZrbdqd ➙ mZsn IV aVlahmV ch lhV rnqdkkV é mZsZ hk 02 chbdlaqd-

eZqd ➙ eZssn Hk cdmshrsV lh gV eZssn tm!hmhdvhnmd odq hk lVk ch cdmsh-

rsZqd ➙ rsZsn Rnmn rsZsn lVkd stssV kV mnssd-

qnlodqd ➙ qnssn FtVqcV Lh gVh pnssn fkh nbbghVkh

bghdcdqd ➙ bghdrsn Sh gn aghdrsn tm ohVbdqd)

qhronmcdqd ➙ qhronrsn lV mnm lh gVh phronrsn-

udcdqd ➙ uhrsn ?udsd uhrsn VkkV SU

rtbbdcdqd ➙ rtbbdrrn bgd bnrV é rtaadrrn V QnlV:

oqdmcdqd ➙ oqdrn Odqbgà mnm gVh opdrn kd ldchbhmd

oqdrbqhudqd ➙ oqdrbqhssn bgd sh gV opdraphssn hk cnssnqd:

chqd ➙ cdssn Snl lh gV cdssn

lnqhqd ➙ lnqsn bgd é lnpsn hk rtn odrbd qnrrn-

30
2
FIH RODBH?IHRSH
Hk bghqtqfn btqV
Hk odchVsqV kd lVkVsshd ldchVmsd
I9 R9ITSD

é hk ldchbn nodqVvhnmh rtkkd oVqsh

rodbhVkhvvVsn lVkVsd cdk bnqon-
mdkkV btqV ✔ Lhn bnfm‘sn é rs‘sn nodq‘sn
cdh aVlahmh- ‘k edf‘sn c‘ tm bghqtqfn lnksn aq‘un-
✔ Hdqh lhn ehfkhn g‘ ‘utsn k‘ edaaqd
d gn bgh‘l‘sn rtahsn hk odchZsqZ-

I!nqsnodchbn
Hk fhmdbnknfn rh nbbtoV
rdftd kd lVkVsshd cdkkd lVkVsshd
cdkk!VooVqVsn cdkkd nrrV-
fdmhsVkd edllhmhkd ✔ K%nqsnodchbn lh g‘ bnmrhfkh‘sn
d kV fqVuhcVmvV- k‘ o‘kdrsq‘ odq h cnknqh ‘kk‘ rbghdm‘-
✔ Rnmn hmbhms‘ Cdun ‘mc‘qd
c‘k fhmdbninfn-

Hk cdqlVsnknfn
rh nbbtoV I!nbtkhrsV btqV kd
cdkkd lVkVsshd lVkVsshd cdfkh nbbgh-
cdkkV odkkd- ✔ K%nbtihrsZ lh g‘ oqdrbqhssn
✔ Hk cdqlZsninfn fkh nbbgh‘kh+ odqbgà mnm udcn admd-
lh g‘ c‘sn tm‘ bqdl‘ lnksn atnm‘
odq ptdrsd rbnss‘stqd-

In orhbghVsqV
é rodbhVkhvvVsn
mdkkd lVkVsshd
Hk bVqchnknfn ldmsVkh-
rdftd kd lVkVsshd ✔ Odq btq‘qd k‘ cdoqdrrhnmd
cdk btnqd- é tshkd k%‘htsn ch tmn orhbghZsqZ-
✔ Gn e‘ssn k%dkdssqnb‘qchnfq‘ll‘
c‘k lhn bZqchninfn-

I!nsnqhmn Hk cdmshrsV
é kn rodbhVkhrsV é hk ldchbn
cdkkd lVkVsshd bgd btqV h cdmsh-
cdkkd nqdbbghd- ✔ Ptdrsn cdmsd lh e‘ l‘kd-
✔ Rd mnm rdmsh admd+ u‘h c‘ tm nsnqhmn- Cdun ‘mc‘qd c‘k cdmshrsZ-

31
 2
I? FQ?UHC?MV?
✔ Gn e‘ssn hk sdrs ch fq‘uhc‘my‘-

I9 R9ITSD
✔ K‘ lh‘ fq‘uhc‘my‘ é ‘ qhrbghn-
Cdun rs‘qd ‘ qhonrn-
✔ K‘ c‘s‘ oqduhrs‘ odq hk o‘qsn
é hk 6 l‘ffhn-
✔ Cdun e‘qd hk oqhln bhbkn
ch ‘m‘khrh d k‘ oqhl‘ dbnfq‘eh‘-

IZ rZiZ sqZuZfihn k%nrsdsqhb‘

k‘ o‘qsnqhdmsd

IZ rZiZ oZqsn

Hi qdoZqsn lZsdqmhsÙ
k%hmedqlhdq‘
k%‘kk‘ss‘ldmsn hk ehnbbn qnr‘
hk mdnm‘sn

hk ehnbbn ‘yytqqn

Oqncnssh odq hi mdnmZsn

hk rtbbghnssn k%nlnfdmdhyy‘sn k‘ e‘qhm‘ k‘ssd‘ hk ahadqnm hk o‘mmnkhmn

32
3
TMGS` 39 I: A:R:
I9 A9R9

I HMSDQMN CDII? B?R?

k‘ rneehss‘
k%‘rbdmrnqd

k‘ b‘ldq‘ rhmfnk‘
hk cnoohn rdquhyhn

hk f‘q‘fd

k‘ btbhm‘ hk a‘fmn

kd rb‘kd k‘ b‘ldq‘ l‘sqhlnmh‘kd

k%hmfqdrrn

k‘ b‘mshm‘ hk rnffhnqmn

33
 3
?II ?FDMVH? HLLNAHIH?QD

CH?INFN M- 0

I9 A9R9
▲ Atnmfhnqmn-
▼ Atnmfhnqmn’ oqdfn-
▲ Bdqbgh‘ln tm ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn
mdkk‘ ynm‘ ch Anqfn Udmdyh‘-
▼ Gn chudqrh ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsh-
Pt‘kh rnmn kd unrsqd drhfdmyd:
▲ Unqqdlln ctd b‘ldqd c‘ kdssn’
tm‘ btbhm‘ d tm rnffhnqmn-
▼ Tmn n ctd rdquhyh:
▲ ?mcqdaad admd ‘mbgd tm rnkn
a‘fmn-
▼ ?uqdh pt‘ssqn knb‘kh hm tm o‘k‘yyn ‘k rdbnmcn oh‘mn-
▲ Hm bgd bnmchyhnmh rnmn:
▼ Hk o‘k‘yyn é tm‘ mtnu‘ bnrsqtyhnmd-
▲ B!é hk f‘q‘fd:
▼ Rè’ d ‘mbgd k‘ b‘mshm‘-

?mmtmbh dbnmnlhbh

: z ANOFN TCICVG: tisgln A z ANOFN TCICVG: udm, B z ANOFN TCICVG: gm ogb,

ogZmn gm ogbbniZ oZiZvvgmZ sqZm,
ptgiiZ9 gmfqdrrn rnffgnqmn bt,
bgmZ ZagsZagid lZsqglnmgZid
rdqugvgn aZibnmd bZmsgmZ- Rdq,
lnZtsnmnln- 45-...-
GllnagigZ Rdi- .34 6543770-
cgZln ZooZqsZldmsn 2 bZldqd
rnffgnqmn btbgmZ aZibnmg bZm,
sgmZ d fZqZfd qgrbZicZldmsn Zt,
snmnln- 64-...-
EnqrZid Rdi- .34 725480.-
bnin eZaaqgbZsn ZooZqsZldmsn
bnlonrsn cZ gmfqdrrn rnffgnq,
mn btbgmZ 1 bZldqd rdqugvgn
aZibnmd fZqZfd d bZmsgmZ-
5.-...-
BZrZlgZ Rdi- .34 6543770-

0 , RBDFIH
PtVkd Vmmtmbhn qhronmcd VkkV cnlVmcV cdh ctd rhfmnqh: ? A B

1 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , H rhfmnqh bdqb‘mn b‘r‘ hm Anqfn Udmdyh‘- U E
1 , Unqqdaadqn sqd b‘ldqd c‘ kdssn- U E
2 , K%‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn oqnonrsn é hm tm‘ mtnu‘ bnrsqtyhnmd- U E

34
3
I DRSDQMN CDII? B?R?

k%‘msdmm‘
I9 A9R9

k‘ sdfnk‘
hk b‘lhmn

hk sdssn

hk a‘kbnmd
k‘ sdqq‘yy‘

k‘ r‘q‘bhmdrb‘

k‘ onqs‘
k‘ ehmdrsq‘ hk c‘u‘my‘kd

hk b‘mbdkkn k‘ b‘mbdkk‘s‘

hk b‘lo‘mdkkn
hk bhsnenmn k‘ b‘rrdss‘ odq kd kdssdqd

✔ OtaakhbhsÈ hm bZrrdssZ ✔ G‘h ‘aa‘rr‘sn k‘ rZqZbhmdrbZ

Otì ‘oqhqd odq e‘unqd= cdk f‘q‘fd=
✔ Hk bZloZmdiin mnm etmyhnm‘+ ✔ Unqqdh chohmfdqd ch udqcd
cduh atrr‘qd- k‘ bZmbdiiZsZ-
✔ Bghtch k‘ onqsZ ‘ bgh‘ud+ ✔ Hk udmsn g‘ c‘mmdffh‘sn k%ZmsdmmZ
oqhl‘ ch trbhqd- cdkk‘ sdkduhrhnmd-
✔ Cdun e‘q otkhqd hk bZlhmn- ✔ Lh oh‘bdqdaadqn cdh u‘rh ch ehnqh
✔ Gn uhrsn tm ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn rth cZuZmvZih-
bnm ctd sdqqZvvd d tm aZibnmd- ✔ G‘h b‘lah‘sn kd sdfnid qnssd=

BNMCHVHNM?ID OQDRDMSD

DRRDQD ?UDQD
hn r‘qdh oqnmsn ‘uqdh e‘ld
st r‘qdrsh pth ‘uqdrsh cdh rnkch
kth.kdh r‘qdaad bnm ld ‘uqdaad tm‘ b‘r‘
mnh r‘qdlln hmrhdld ‘uqdlln rnmmn
unh r‘qdrsd ‘ b‘r‘ ‘uqdrsd tm k‘unqn
knqn r‘qdaadqn bnmsdmsh ‘uqdaadqn k‘ l‘bbghm‘

35
 3
BGHDCDQD HMENQL?VHNMH ?I SDIDENMN

CH?INFN M- 1

I9 A9R9
▲ Onsqdh ‘udqd ‘kbtmd hmenql‘yhnmh
rt tm lnmnknb‘kd: Gn uhrsn tm unrsqn
‘mmtmbhn rtk fhnqm‘kd-
▼ Unkdmshdqh’ l‘ k!hlohdf‘sn
hm ptdrsn lnldmsn é nbbto‘sn-
Onsqdaad qhbgh‘l‘qd ohò s‘qch:

CH?INFN M- 2

▲ Atnmfhnqmn’ unqqdh o‘qk‘qd

bnm hk rhfmnq Qnrrh ‘ oqnonrhsn
cdkk!‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn c‘ ‘eehss‘qd-
▼ Lh chroh‘bd’ ‘cdrrn mnm b!é-
Cnuqdaad qhsdkdenm‘qd ptdrs‘ rdq‘-
▲ U‘ admd’ fq‘yhd-

CH?INFN M- 3

▲ ?kknq‘’ g‘ cdbhrn odq k‘ b‘r‘:

▼ Mn’ mnm rn bnr‘ e‘qd-
Lh oh‘bd lnksn’ l‘ é sqnoon b‘q‘-
Mnm onsqdaad ‘aa‘rr‘qd hk oqdyyn:
▲ Lh chroh‘bd’ mnm é oqnoqhn onrrhahkd-

BNMCHVHNM?ID OQDRDMSD , UDQAH RDQUHIH

ONSDQD UNIDQD CNUDQD

hn onsq,dh unqq,dh cnuq,dh bghdcdqd hmenql‘yhnmh
st onsq,drsh unqq,drsh cnuq,drsh bdqb‘qd tm‘ b‘r‘
kth.kdh onsq,daad unqq,daad cnuq,daad udmhqd ‘k ohò oqdrsn
mnh onsq,dlln unqq,dlln cnuq,dlln rdfthqd hk stn bnmrhfkhn
unh onsq,drsd unqq,drsd cnuq,drsd rs‘qd ohò ‘ssdmsh
knqn onsq,daadqn unqq,daadqn cnuq,daadqn sdkdenm‘qsh

36
3
SHOH CH B?R?
I9 A9R9

BNMCHVHNM?ID OQDRDMSD
UDQAH QDFNI?QH
0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd BNLOQ,?QD
kd b‘rd ‘ rbghdq‘
hn bnloq,dqdh
st bnloq,dqdrsh
kth.kdh bnloq,dqdaad
mnh bnloq,dqdlln
unh bnloq,dqdrsd
knqn bnloq,dqdaadqn

1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd UDMC,DQD

hn udmc,dqdh
st udmc,dqdrsh
k‘ uhkk‘ kth.kdh udmc,dqdaad
mnh udmc,dqdlln
unh udmc,dqdrsd
knqn udmc,dqdaadqn

2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd OTI,HQD
hk fq‘ss‘bhdkn
hn otk,hqdh
st otk,hqdrsh
kth.kdh otk,hqdaad
mnh otk,hqdlln
unh otk,hqdrsd
knqn otk,hqdaadqn

hk o‘k‘yyn
hk bnmcnlhmhn

BNMCHVHNM?ID OQDRDMSD , UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH

?MC?QD ➙ ‘mcqdh+ ‘mcqdrsh+ ‘mcqdaad+ ‘mcqdlln+ ‘mcqdrsd+ ‘mcqdaadqn

UDMHQD ➙ udqqdh+ udqqdrsh+ udqqdaad+ udqqdlln+ udqqdrsd+ udqqdaadqn
ADQD ➙ adqqdh+ adqqdrsh+ adqqdaad+ adqqdlln+ adqqdrsd+ adqqdaadqn
UDCDQD ➙ udcqdh+ udcqdrsh+ udcqdaad+ udcqdlln+ udcqdrsd+ udcqdaadqn
R?ODQD ➙ r‘oqdh+ r‘oqdrsh+ r‘oqdaad+ r‘oqdlln+ r‘oqdrsd+ r‘oqdaadqn
SDMDQD ➙ sdqqdh+ sdqqdrsh+ sdqqdaad+ sdqqdlln+ sdqqdrsd+ sdqqdaadqn

37
 3
HI SQ?RINBN
✔ sq‘rknb‘qd
✔ sq‘redqhqrh

I9 A9R9
✔ ‘qqdc‘qd
✔ ‘llnahkh‘qd

✔ hlah‘mb‘qd k‘ b‘r‘
✔ chohmfdqd kd o‘qdsh

2 , BNLOIDS?
’cnuqdlln) chqdh) Vuqdh) unqqdaadqn) unqqdh) unqqdlln(
0 , Pt‘mcn chqdrsh ch e‘qd hk sq‘rknbn=
Hn -------------------- ch e‘qkn hk oqnrrhln ldrd-
1 , Pt‘mcn cnuqdrsd k‘rbh‘qd khadqn k%‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn=
Mnh -------------------- k‘rbh‘qkn khadqn hm ktfkhn-
2 , Pt‘kd chss‘ unqqdrsh bgh‘l‘qd odq hk sq‘rknbn=
Hn -------------------- bgh‘l‘qd k‘ chss‘ Udknw-
3 , Pt‘mcn ‘uqdrsh sdlon odq hlah‘mb‘qd k‘ r‘k‘=
Hn -------------------- sdlon ktmdcè oqnrrhln-
4 , Pt‘kd b‘r‘ unqqdaadqn h rhfmnqh J‘kk‘r=
-------------------- k%‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn hm uh‘ W‘lanmh-
5 , Bnm pt‘kh lnahkh unqqdrsd ‘qqdc‘qd k‘ b‘r‘=
-------------------- ‘qqdc‘qk‘ bnm lnahkh ‘mshbgh-

3 , BNMHTF?
0 , ’Idh) onsdqd( Onsqdaad qhudcdqd kd bnmchvhnmh ch oVfVldmsn:
1 , ’St+ r‘odqd( -------------------- c‘qlh tm bnmrhfkhn=
2 , ’Hn+ cnudqd( -------------------- chohmfdqd k‘ b‘r‘-
3 , ’St+ bnloq‘qd( -------------------- tm ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn hm ptdrs‘ ynm‘=
4 , ’Mnh+ ‘udqd( -------------------- hmsdmyhnmd ch b‘lah‘qd b‘r‘-
5 , ’Hn+ ‘mc‘qd( -------------------- hm tm‘ b‘r‘ mtnu‘+ rd onsdrrh-
6 , ’Unh+ udmhqd( -------------------- ‘c ‘hts‘qlh ctq‘msd hk sq‘rknbn=
7 , Lh ’st+ e‘qd( -------------------- tm oh‘bdqd=

38
3
?UDQD TM? B?R? HM ?EEHSSN
✔ Hk o‘cqnmd ch b‘r‘
lh g‘ c‘sn kn req‘ssn-
I9 A9R9

✔ Otqsqnoon rnmn rs‘sn

req‘ss‘sn-

✔ Gn oqdrn hm ‘eehssn
tm‘ b‘r‘ ‘k l‘qd-
✔ Unqqdh ‘eehss‘qd
tm‘ uhkkdss‘ hm qhu‘ ‘k l‘qd-

✔ K%‘mmn oqnrrhln rb‘cd

✔ Ptdrsn ldrd k%hmpthkhmn
hk lhn bnmsq‘ssn
mnm g‘ o‘f‘sn k%‘eehssn-
c%‘eehssn-
✔ K%‘eehssn rh o‘f‘ ‘kk%hmhyhn
✔ K‘ rb‘cdmy‘ cdk lhn
cdk ldrd-
bnmsq‘ssn é k%‘mmn
oqnrrhln-

✔ Cdun o‘f‘qd kd rodrd

bnmcnlhmh‘kh-
✔ Hm ptdrsn bnmcnlhmhn ✔ Ptdrs‘ b‘r‘ é c‘ qhrsqtsstq‘qd-
bh rnmn lnksd rodrd- ✔ Rnmn hmhyh‘sh h k‘unqh ch
qhrsqtsstq‘yhnmd cdkk‘ b‘r‘-

4.
 3
CH?INFN M- 4

▲ Atnmfhnqmn rhfmnq‘ Ehkhonuhb-

Rnmn Anmdssh-

I9 A9R9
▼ Atnmfhnqmn-
▲ K‘ bgh‘ln ‘ oqnonrhsn cdk bnmsq‘ssn c!‘eehssn-
▼ ?g’ fhÈ’ rb‘cd sq‘ tm ldrd-
▲ Rè- Dbbn--- hn unqqdh ‘tldms‘qd hk b‘mnmd-
R‘’ gn ‘utsn lnksd rodrd odq
h k‘unqh ch qhrsqtsstq‘yhnmd cdkk‘ b‘r‘-
Pt‘mcn onsqdlln o‘qk‘qd:
▼ ?mcqdaad admd k‘ rdsshl‘m‘ oqnrrhl‘:
Hm ptdrsh fhnqmh gn onbn sdlon-
▲ Bdqsn- U‘ admd fhnudcè oqnrrhln
‘kkd 08:
▼ C!‘bbnqcn- ?qqhudcdqbh-

4 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , Hk rhfmnq Anmdssh utnkd c‘qd kn req‘ssn ‘kk‘ rhfmnq‘ Ehkhonuhb- U E
1 , Hk bnmsq‘ssn c%‘eehssn é fhÈ rb‘ctsn- U E
2 , Hk rhfmnq Anmdssh g‘ ‘utsn lnksd rodrd odq rhrsdl‘qd k‘ b‘r‘- U E
3 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ Ehkhonuhb g‘ onbn sdlon- U E
4 , Hk rhfmnq Anmdssh d k‘ rhfmnq‘ Ehkhonuhb cdbhcnmn
ch hmbnmsq‘qrh fhnudcè oqnrrhln- U E

Flag ag agod
IhmftZffhn bnqqdmsd
IhmftZffhn fhtqhchbn
➙ ?eehss‘qd
✔ Knb‘qd ?eehssn
➙
✔ Knb‘yhnmd O‘cqnmd ch b‘r‘
➙
✔ Knb‘snqd Hmpthkhmn
➙
✔ Bnmctssnqd Hmpthkhmn
➙
✔ Knb‘s‘qhn ?eehssn
➙
✔ B‘mnmd Bnmsq‘ssn c%‘eehssn
✔ Bnmsq‘ssn ch knb‘yhnmd
➙

40
3
I? L?MTSDMVHNMD CDII? B?R?
I9 A9R9

hk s‘oodyyhdqd k%hcq‘tkhbn hk e‘aaqn

k%dkdssqhbhrs‘ hk ltq‘snqd

k‘ oqdr‘ ch bnqqdmsd

k‘ b‘kc‘h‘ hk bnms‘snqd
hk r‘ku‘uhs‘

hk qtahmdssn cdk f‘r

k%hmsdqqtssnqd

hk q‘ch‘snqd
hk sdqlnrhenmd
hk qtahmdssn cdkk%‘bpt‘

fkh hmehrrh
kn rb‘kc‘a‘fmn

kd hlonrsd
k‘ s‘oo‘qdkk‘

41
 3
BGH?L?QD TM SDBMHBN

CH?INFN M- 5

I9 A9R9
▲ Bdmsqn ?rrhrsdmy‘ FhqnV‘ss- Cdrhcdq‘:
▼ K‘ lh‘ b‘kc‘h‘ mnm etmyhnm‘-
Gn bdqb‘sn ohò unksd ch ‘bbdmcdqk‘’
l‘ hmtshkldmsd-
▲ Odqcd ‘bpt‘:
▼ Lh rdlaq‘ ch mn-
▲ G‘ bnmsqnkk‘sn k‘ u‘kunk‘
ch ‘bbdmrhnmd:
▼ Mn- Mnm k!gn bnmsqnkk‘s‘-
Onsqdaad l‘mc‘qlh tm sdbmhbn:
▲ Rè’ cnl‘mh onldqhffhn
sq‘ kd 03 d kd 07- U‘ admd:
▼ Mnm é onrrhahkd nffh: Gn hm b‘r‘ tm‘ a‘lahm‘ ohbbnk‘
d bnm hk qhrb‘kc‘ldmsn rodmsn b!é lnksn eqdccn-
▲ Lh chroh‘bd’ ‘aah‘ln lnksn k‘unqn hm ptdrsh fhnqmh-
▼ ?kknq‘ lh qhunkfn ‘ tm ‘ksqn bdmsqn ch ‘rrhrsdmy‘-
Fq‘yhd’ atnmfhnqmn-

5 , BNIIDF?
0 , IV rhfmnqV unqqdaad z ‘ , » hk Bdmsqn ?rrhrsdmy‘ FhqnV‘ss-
1 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ g‘ hm b‘r‘ » a , z tm sdbmhbn nffh-
2 , K%hloh‘msn ch qhrb‘kc‘ldmsn » b , » lnksn eqdccn-
3 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ g‘ bgh‘l‘sn » c , » é rodmsn-
4 , K‘ b‘kc‘h‘ » d , » tm‘ ahla‘ ohbbnk‘-
5 , Bnm hk qhrb‘kc‘ldmsn rodmsn b%é» e , » mnm etmyhnm‘-

6 , BNLOIDS?
’udqcd) hcqVtkhbn) bnmsVsnqd) onksqnmd) rbVkcVaVfmn) dkdssqhbhrsV(
0 , Hk qtahmdssn é qnssn d gn bgh‘l‘sn k%--------------------
1 , K%-------------------- g‘ b‘lah‘sn k%hmsdqqtssnqd-
2 , Mnm etmyhnm‘ kn --------------------+ odq ptdrsn k%‘bpt‘ é eqdcc‘-
3 , Hk s‘oodyyhdqd g‘ qhudrshsn kd -------------------- cdk r‘knssn-
4 , Kd s‘oo‘qdkkd ch b‘r‘ lh‘ rnmn ch bnknqd --------------------
5 , Hk -------------------- cdkk%‘bpt‘ é rnssn hk k‘u‘mchmn-

42
3
I ?QQDC?LDMSN CDII? B?R?
I9 A9R9

tm s‘oodsn tm‘ onksqnm‘

tm chu‘mn

tm bnlnchmn
tm s‘unkn tm eqhfnqhedqn

tmn rb‘ee‘kd
tm‘ rdch‘

tm‘ k‘u‘sqhbd

tm‘ k‘lo‘c‘

tm k‘u‘mchmn
tm kdssn

tmn rodbbghn

tm ‘ql‘chn
tm‘ khaqdqh‘

43
 3
?QSHBNIN HMCDSDQLHM?SHUN

L?RBGHID RHMFNI?QD

I9 A9R9
cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn
TMN bnm r ) bnmrnmZmsd+ v+ or+ fm
tmn ronqsdkkn+ tmn v‘hmn+ tmn fmnbbn+ tmn orhbnknfn

cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn

TM bnm Zisqd bnmrnmZmsh d bnm unbZid
tm bnqqhcnhn+ tm Zql‘chn

EDLLHMHID RHMFNI?QD

cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn

TM? bnm bnmrnmZmsd
tm‘ rs‘my‘+ tm‘ btbhm‘+ tm‘ onisqnmZ

cZuZmsh Z oZqnid bgd hmhvhZmn

TM bnm unbZid
tm%Zmsdmm‘+ tm%Zms‘+ tm%hlonrs‘

7 , BNLOIDS?
’tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tm) tmV) tmV) tmV) tmV) tmV(
Hn ‘ahsn hm --------------- ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn bnm lhn l‘qhsn d h mnrsqh ctd ehfkh- K‘ b‘r‘ é ‘a,
a‘rs‘my‘ fq‘mcd9 bh rnmn ctd b‘ldqd c‘ kdssn+ --------------- hmfqdrrn+ --------------- rnf,
fhnqmn+ --------------- btbhm‘ d --------------- a‘fmn- Hmnksqd ‘aah‘ln --------------- b‘mshm‘ d
--------------- f‘q‘fd- K‘ btbhm‘ é k‘ rs‘my‘ ohò ktlhmnr‘9 bh rnmn hme‘ssh --------------- eh,
mdrsq‘ d --------------- a‘kbnmd- Hk a‘fmn mnm é lnksn fq‘mcd+ odqì bh rs‘mmn ---------------
k‘u‘sqhbd+ --------------- cnbbh‘+ ---------- v‘sdq+ --------------- ahcé d --------------- k‘u‘mchmn- Uh,
bhmn ‘kk‘ b‘r‘ b%é --------------- o‘qbn fhnbgh cnud onqsn rodrrn h a‘lahmh ‘ fhnb‘qd-

8 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , IV bVrV V ctd ohVmh- TmV bVrV V ctd ohVmh-
1 , K%‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn hm ‘eehssn- ---------- ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn hm ‘eehssn-
2 , Kn rodbbghn odq hk a‘fmn- ---------- rodbbghn odq hk a‘fmn-
3 , Kn rb‘ee‘kd ohdmn ch khaqh- ---------- rb‘ee‘kd ohdmn ch khaqh-
4 , K%‘ms‘ cdkk%‘ql‘chn- ---------- ‘ms‘ cdkk%‘ql‘chn-
5 , K%‘eehssn c‘ o‘f‘qd- ---------- ‘eehssn c‘ o‘f‘qd-

44
 4
TMGS` 49 G SQ:RONQSG
G SQ9RONQSG

I? RSQ?C?

iZ qhfZ bnmshmtZ

hi odcnmd

hi lnsnbhbihrsZ
i Ztsnatr
iZ lnsn iZ edqlZsZ
cdii Ztsnatr
iZ bZqqdffhZsZ

hi rdlZenqn

hi lnsnqhmn

id rsqhrbd
hi oZrrZffhn odcnmZid

chuhdsn c‘qd
rdmrn uhds‘sn chuhdsn ch rnrs‘ ch rnqo‘rrn k‘ oqdbdcdmy‘

45
 4

G SQ9RONQSG
hi bhbihrsZ

i ZtsnlnahihrsZ
iZ ahbhbidssZ

iZ qhfZ sqZssdffhZsZ
hi etqfnmd
hi rdlZenqn

hi rdfmZid rsqZcZid i hmbqnbhn

hi bZlhnm
hi lZqbhZohdcd

i Ztsnlnahid
hi uhfhid

btqu‘ chqdyhnmd ohrs‘

odqhbnknr‘ o‘qbgdffhn naakhf‘snqh‘ bhbk‘ahkd

46
 4
BGHDCDQD D C?QD HMCHB?VHNMH RSQ?C?IH
G SQ9RONQSG

✔ Rbtrh)
cnu!é uhV BVuntq:
Cdud oqnrdfthqd
ehmn ‘kk%hmbqnbhn
d onh fhq‘qd
‘ rhmhrsq‘-

✔ Onrrn VmcVqd bnm kV lVbbghmV

hm ohVvvV FVqhaVkch:
Mn+ mnm é onrrhahkd+
odqbgà é vnmZ odcnmZid-

✔ Cdun VmcVqd
Vk onmsd Mtnun) lh
otì hmchbVqd
kV rsqVcV:
Cdud oqnrdfthqd
odq bhqb‘
ctdbdmsn ldsqh
✔ PtVk é hk odqbnqrn
ehmn ‘k rdlZenqn+
ohò aqdud odq qVffhtmfdqd onh oqdmcdqd
V ohdch k!nrodcVkd: k‘ rdbnmc‘
Uh‘ L‘ldkh ehmn ‘h fh‘qchmh+ sqZudqrZ ‘ cdrsq‘-
onh ‘ cdrsq‘ bnqrn Lhk‘mn d
oqhl‘ cdk onmsd+ ‘ rhmhrsq‘+
uhZid cdkk‘ Qdotaakhb‘-

✔ Rh otì
qVffhtmfdqd
kV rsVvhnmd
cV bnqrn
Tladqsn:
Mn+ mnm rh otì+ ✔ Lh rV chqd cnud rh sqnuV
odqbgà é hk bhmdlV ?qhrsnm:
‘ rdmrn tmhbn- ı hm uhZ L‘yyhmh ‘k m- 14-

47
 4
0 , RBDFIH
0 , Hk bhmdl‘ ?qhrsnm rh sqnu‘ --- ‘ , hm bnqrn L‘ldkh ‘k m- 0/-

G SQ9RONQSG
a , hm uh‘ L‘yyhmh+ 14-
b , ‘k m- 4 ch uh‘kd cdkk‘ Qdotaakhb‘-
1 , Odq uh‘ B‘untq rh cdud --- ‘ , fhq‘qd ‘ rhmhrsq‘-
a , ‘mc‘qd chqhssn-
b , ‘kk%hmbqnbhn fhq‘qd ‘ rhmhrsq‘-
2 , Mnm rh otì ‘qqhu‘qd hm oh‘yy‘ F‘qha‘kch bnm k‘ l‘bbghm‘ odqbgà ---
‘ , é ynm‘ odcnm‘kd-
a , bh rnmn k‘unqh hm bnqrn-
b , b%é hk rdmrn tmhbn-

1 , NQCHM?
0 , Cnu% rbtrh Qnl‘ uh‘ é=
1 , Bnm onrrn l‘bbghm‘ hm Tladqsn ‘mc‘qd k‘ oh‘yy‘=
2 , C‘ rh q‘ffhtmfdqd k‘ F‘qha‘kch bnqrn otì rs‘yhnmd=
3 , Bhmdl‘ lh L‘qbnmh rh r‘ cnud chqd sqnu‘ hk=
4 , ?k cdun onmsd ‘mc‘qd B‘untq+ k‘ hmchb‘qd otì rsq‘c‘ lh=
5 , Q‘ffhtmfdqd ‘ hk ohò nrodc‘kd aqdud pt‘k odqbnqrn é k% odq ohdch=

2 , BNLOIDS?

0 , Hk sd‘sqn rh sqnu‘ hm ------------------ 1 , K‘ rbtnk‘ é hm ---------------------

‘k m- ----- ‘k m- -----

2 , Sh ‘rodssn ‘k m- ----- 3 , K‘ l‘bbghm‘ é o‘qbgdffh‘s‘

ch uh‘kd --------------------- ‘k m- ----- ch ---------------------

48
 4
OQDMCDQD I ?TSNATR
G SQ9RONQSG

✔ Rbtrh) é fhı oVrrVsn k!Vtsnatr 11: ✔ Odq eVunqd) lh rV chqd V bgd

Mn+ é hm qhs‘qcn+ nqV oVrrV k!Vtsnatr 17:
‘mbg%hn kn ‘rodssn- ?kkd 0/ d sqdms‘-

✔ Odq ohVbdqd) cnud onrrn ✔ Oqdmch Vmbgd st hk 13:

bnlodqVqd hk ahfkhdssn odq k!Vtsnatr: Rè+ ehmn ‘ oh‘yy‘ F‘qha‘kch
C‘k fhnqm‘k‘hn kÈ ch eqnmsd- onh rbdmcn d oqdmcn hk 15-

3 , BNLOIDS?
’13) 15) 0/) VqqhuVsn) Vrodssn) Vtsnatr) ahfkhdssn) ohVvvV) FVqhaVkch) qhsVqcn) fhnqmVkVhn(
0 , ?mbg%hn -------------------- k%‘tsnatr 11-
1 , K%‘tsnatr 11 mnm é ‘mbnq‘ -------------------- é hm --------------------
2 , Oqdmcn hk -------------------- ehmn ‘ -------------------- F‘qha‘kch-
3 , Hm oh‘yy‘ -------------------- oqdmcn k%‘tsnatr --------------------
4 , K%-------------------- 17 o‘rr‘ ‘kkd -------------------- d sqdms‘-
5 , Hk -------------------- odq k%‘tsnatr rh bnlodq‘ c‘k --------------------

5.
 4
RTII ?TSNATR

G SQ9RONQSG
CH?INFN M- 0

▲ Odq e‘unqd’ ptdrsn ‘tsnatr u‘ ehmn

‘kk‘ rs‘yhnmd:
▼ Rè’ bdqs‘ldmsd-
▲ D pt‘msn sdlon hlohdf‘
odq ‘qqhu‘qd:
▼ Bhqb‘ udmsh lhmtsh’
rd mnm bh rnmn hmfnqfgh mdk sq‘eehbn-
▲ Otì ‘uuhr‘qlh
pt‘mcn cdun rbdmcdqd:
▼ U‘ admd’ k‘ bgh‘ln sq‘ bhmptd edql‘sd-
▲ Onrrn tr‘qd ‘mbnq‘ ptdrsn ahfkhdssn:
▼ Rè’ odqbgà u‘kd rdrr‘ms‘ lhmtsh-

4 , RBDFIH
0 , Cnud cdud ‘mc‘qd k‘ rhfmnq‘= ‘ , ?kk%nrodc‘kd-
a , ?kk‘ rs‘yhnmd-
b , ? b‘r‘-
1 , Pt‘msn sdlon hlohdf‘ k%‘tsnatr odq ‘qqhu‘qd ‘kk‘ rs‘yhnmd=
‘ , Tm%nq‘-
a , Bhqb‘ sqdms‘ lhmtsh-
b , Udmsh lhmtsh-
2 , Sq‘ pt‘msd edql‘sd cdud rbdmcdqd k‘ rhfmnq‘=
‘ , Ctd edql‘sd-
a , Sqd edql‘sd-
b , Bhmptd edql‘sd-
3 , Odqbgà otì tr‘qd ‘mbnq‘ hk ahfkhdssn=
‘ , Odqbgà ctq‘ tm%nq‘-
a , Odqbgà u‘kd pt‘q‘ms‘bhmptd lhmtsh-
b , Odqbgà u‘kd mnu‘ms‘ lhmtsh-

5 , BNLOIDS?
’onrsn khadqn) bVloVmdkkn) ahfkhdssn) Vtsnatr(
0 , L‘qh‘ r‘kd rtkk%-------------------- d shlaq‘ hk --------------------
1 , Eq‘mbnhrd d L‘qshmd rh rhdcnmn rd b%é tm --------------------
2 , Rtnmh‘ln hk -------------------- pt‘mcn cnaah‘ln rbdmcdqd-

50
 4
HMCHB?SHUN ETSTQN RDLOIHBD HMCHB?SHUN ETSTQN RDLOIHBD
UDQAH QDFNI?QH
G SQ9RONQSG

DRRDQD 0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd ?QQHU,?QD

hn r‘,qì ‘kk%gnsdk Rs‘q
hn ‘qqhu,dqì cnl‘mh
st r‘,qZh ‘ Qnl‘
st ‘qqhu,dqZh cnldmhb‘
kth.kdh r‘,qÙ hm u‘b‘my‘
kth.kdh ‘qqhu,dqÙ hm qhs‘qcn
mnh r‘,qdln ‘k l‘qd
mnh ‘qqhu,dqdln rs‘rdq‘
unh r‘,qdsd mnrsqh nrohsh
unh ‘qqhu,dqdsd oqdrsn
knqn r‘,qZmmn hmrhdld ‘ ld
knqn ‘qqhu,dqZmmn ch mnssd
?UDQD
1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd RBDMC,DQD
hn ‘u,qì pt‘q‘ms%‘mmh
hn rbdmc,dqì c‘k sqdmn
st ‘u,qZh tm eq‘sdkkhmn
st rbdmc,dqZh c‘kk%‘tsnatr
kth.kdh ‘u,qÙ k‘ ahbhbkdss‘
kth.kdh rbdmc,dqÙ c‘kk%‘dqdn
mnh ‘u,qdln tm‘ b‘r‘ mnrsq‘
mnh rbdmc,dqdln ‘ Qnl‘
unh ‘u,qdsd tm k‘unqn
unh rbdmc,dqdsd hm uh‘ Ch‘y
knqn ‘u,qZmmn tm ehfkhn
knqn rbdmc,dqZmmn ‘k rdl‘enqn

2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd O?QS,HQD
Flag ag agod hn o‘qs,hqì c‘ Udqnm‘
✔ K‘ lh‘ l‘bbghm‘ st o‘qs,hqZh bnm st‘ lnfkhd
mnm o‘qsd- kth.kdh o‘qs,hqÙ odq kd u‘b‘myd
✔ Rd adun o‘qsn rtahsn- mnh o‘qs,hqdln hm rdssdlaqd
unh o‘qs,hqdsd ‘ ldyynfhnqmn
✔ Ptdrsn fhq‘chrbgh knqn o‘qs,hqZmmn hm l‘bbghm‘
é o‘qshsn-
✔ Lh é o‘qshsn tm anssnmd
cdkk‘ fh‘bb‘-

6 , E?H I? CNL?MC?
0 , PtVmcn oVqshqVmmn:
1 , Pt‘kd sqdmn --------------=
2 , Pt‘mcn --------------=
3 , Ingm bnm bgh --------------=
4 , Pt‘msn sdlon --------------=
5 , Cnldmhb‘ cnud ---------------=
6 , Mdk 1//8 pt‘msh ‘mmh --------------=
7 , Hmfqhc hm pt‘kd gnsdk ---------------=
OVqshqVmmn cnoncnlVmh-
Oqdmcdqì hk sqdmn ch ldyynfhnqmn-
?qqhudqì ‘kkd 07 d sqdms‘-
Ingm udqqÈ c‘ rnkn-
Rs‘qì bnm unh stssn hk fhnqmn-
Cnldmhb‘ r‘qdln hm lnms‘fm‘-
Mdk 1//8 ‘uqì pt‘q‘ms%‘mmh-
Hmfqhc r‘qÈ ‘kk%gnsdk O‘mnq‘lhb-

51
 4
HMCHB?SHUN ETSTQN RDLOIHBD , UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH

G SQ9RONQSG
?MC?QD ➙ ‘mcqì+ ‘mcq‘h+ ‘mcqÈ+ ‘mcqdln+ ‘mcqdsd+ ‘mcq‘mmn
UDMHQD ➙ udqqì+ udqq‘h+ udqqÈ+ udqqdln+ udqqdsd+ udqq‘mmn
ADQD ➙ adqqì+ adqq‘h+ adqqÈ+ adqqdln+ adqqdsd+ adqq‘mmn
UDCDQD ➙ udcqì+ udcq‘h+ udcqÈ+ udcqdln+ udcqdsd+ udcq‘mmn
R?ODQD ➙ r‘oqì+ r‘oq‘h+ r‘oqÈ+ r‘oqdln+ r‘oqdsd+ r‘oq‘mmn
SDMDQD ➙ sdqqì+ sdqq‘h+ sdqqÈ+ sdqqdln+ sdqqdsd+ sdqq‘mmn
ONSDQD ➙ onsqì+ onsq‘h+ onsqÈ+ onsqdln+ onsqdsd+ onsq‘mmn
UNIDQD ➙ unqqì+ unqq‘h+ unqqÈ+ unqqdln+ unqqdsd+ unqq‘mmn
CNUDQD ➙ cnuqì+ cnuq‘h+ cnuqÈ+ cnuqdln+ cnuqdsd+ cnuq‘mmn

7 , BNMHTF?
0 , Lhlè ’rVkhqd( rVkhqı rtk sqdmn bnm mnh-
1 , B‘qknr d O‘akn ’o‘qshqd( -------------------- cnldmhb‘ oqnrrhl‘-
2 , Bnm ptdrsn ‘tsnatr unh ’‘qqhu‘qd( -------------------- hm sdlon ‘kk‘ rs‘yhnmd-
3 , Hm rdssdlaqd e‘qì tm uh‘ffhn rd ’hn+ ‘udqd( -------------------- kd edqhd-
4 , Rd oqdmcdq‘h k%‘dqdn cdkkd 03 ’st+ drrdqd( -------------------- ‘ Bqds‘ ‘kkd 05 d sqdms‘-

8 , BNLOIDS?
’oqdmcdqVmmn) oqdmcdqì) oqdmcdqdsd) oqdmcdqVh) oqdmcdqı) oqdmcdqdln(
0 , Cnl‘mh l‘sshm‘ hn -------------------- k%‘tsnatr 11-
1 , Ptdrs‘ rdq‘ st -------------------- k‘ ldsqnonkhs‘m‘-
2 , M‘mbx -------------------- tm s‘wh odq udmhqd ‘ b‘r‘-
3 , ?kkd 1/ mnh -------------------- hk sq‘l+ bnld stssd kd rdqd-
4 , Unh -------------------- hk otkkl‘m bgd edql‘ ‘ F‘kk‘q‘sd-
5 , Ingm d Rtr‘m -------------------- hk sq‘fgdssn odq k‘ Bnqrhb‘-

0/ , BNIIDF?
0 , Udmhqd ‘ , O‘qshqì 6 , Kdffdqd f , Kdffdqdsd
1 , ?mc‘qd a , Oqdmcdqdln 7 , R‘odqd g , Udcq‘h
2 , K‘unq‘qd b , Udqqì 8 , Adqd h , R‘oq‘h
3 , ?qqhu‘qd c , ?mcqdln 0/ , Rs‘qd k , AdqqÈ
4 , O‘qshqd d , K‘unqdqdsd 00 , Udcdqd l , Chq‘mmn
5 , Oqdmcdqd e , ?qqhudqì 01 , Chqd m , Rs‘qÈ

52
 4
BGD NQ? É=
G SQ9RONQSG

✔ ı ldyy‘mnssd- ✔ ı ldyynfhnqmn-
✔ Rnmn kd ’nqd( ✔ Rnmn kd ’nqd(
udmshpt‘ssqn- cnchbh-

✔ ı k%tm‘- ✔ Rnmn kd sqdchbh-

✔ Rnmn kd ctd- ✔ Rnmn kd pt‘ssnqchbh-

✔ Rnmn kd sqd d tm pt‘qsn- ✔ Rnmn kd pthmchbh d pthmchbh

’lhmtsh(-

✔ Rnmn kd pt‘ssqn d sqdms‘- ✔ Rnmn kd rdchbh d sqdms‘-

✔ Rnmn kd pt‘ssqn d ldyy‘-

✔ Rnmn kd bhmptd d sqd pt‘qsh-

✔ Rnmn kd rdh ldmn tm pt‘qsn- ✔ Rnmn kd chbh‘rrdssd
✔ Rnmn kd bhmptd d pt‘q‘ms‘bhmptd- d pt‘q‘ms‘bhmptd-
✔ L‘mb‘ tm pt‘qsn ‘kkd rdh-

Mdii hsZihZmn oZqiZsn nffh rh trZmn oqdedqhahildmsd h mtldqh cZii 0 Zi 01 Zm,

bgd odq hmchbZqd id nqd onldqhchZmd-

✔ Rnmn kd ctd ✔ Rnmn kd rdh

d tm pt‘qsn- d ldyy‘-

Fhnqmh+ nqd+ lhmtsh

✔ Tm fhnqmn é enql‘sn c‘ udmshpt‘ssqn ’13( nqd-
✔ Tm%nq‘ é enql‘s‘ c‘ rdrr‘ms‘ ’5/( lhmtsh-
✔ Tm lhmtsn é enql‘sn c‘ rdrr‘ms‘ ’5/( rdbnmch-

53
 4
✔ PtVmsn sdlon hlohdfV k!Vtsnatr odq VmcVqd Vkk!Vdqnonqsn:

G SQ9RONQSG
Hlohdf‘ tm%nq‘ d chdbh lhmtsh-
✔ PtVmsn sdlon nbbnqqd odq VqqhuVqd V bVrV stV:
Bnm k‘ l‘bbghm‘ bhqb‘ pt‘q‘ms‘ lhmtsh-
✔ Hm ptVmsn sdlon ptdrsn sqdmn uV cV UdmdvhV V OVcnuV:
Hm udmsh lhmtsh bhqb‘-

00 , BNLOIDS?
0 , Cdun ‘eeqdss‘qlh+ é athn nql‘h+ rnmn fhÈ kd ----------

1 , Hk lhn sqdmn o‘qshqÈ cnl‘mh l‘sshm‘ ‘kkd ----------

2 , Ktbx d Ahkk ‘qqhudq‘mmn cnl‘mh rdq‘ ‘kkd ----------

3 , Hk mnrsqn teehbhn ‘oqd stssh h fhnqmh ‘kkd ----------

4 , Ptdrs‘ l‘sshm‘ kd kdyhnmh sdqlhmdq‘mmn ‘kkd ----------

01 , BNIIDF?
0 , Bgd nqd rnmn: ‘ , Rnmn kd 00 d pt‘q‘ms‘bhmptd-
Rnmn kd 06 d sqdmsV-
1 , Odq e‘unqd lh chbh bgd nq‘ é= a , Rnmn kd 4 d ldvvV-
L‘mb‘ tm pt‘qsn ‘ ldyynfhnqmn
2 , ı fhÈ ldyy‘mnssd= b , Rnmn kd 12 d bhmpt‘ms‘bhmptd-
Mnm ‘mbnq‘+ l‘mb‘mn 4 lhmtsh-
3 , ? bgd nq‘ hmhyh‘ kn rodss‘bnkn rs‘rdq‘= c , L‘mb‘mn udmshbhmptd lhmtsh ‘kkd 8-
?kkd 8 d tm pt‘qsn- Rhh otmst‘kd
4 , Raqhf‘sh- Rnmn kd 7 d sqdms‘bhmptd- d , ?kkd 10 d pthmchbh-
Rnmn oqnmsn- ?qqhun rtahsn-

54
 4
I? RS?VHNMD EDQQNUH?QH?
G SQ9RONQSG

k‘ b‘qqnyy‘
o‘rrdffdqh

hk rnssno‘rr‘ffhn

hk mtldqn cdk ahm‘qhn

k‘ odmrhkhm‘ hk u‘fnmd ldqbh

hk l‘qbh‘ohdcd hk rnssno‘rr‘ffhn

k‘ qns‘h‘ hk ahm‘qhn
I NQ?QHN EDQQNUH?QHN

mtldqn cdk pt‘cqn

bk‘rrd
khmd‘ ch odqbnqqdmy‘

mtldqn cdk sqdmn

sqdmn bnm o‘f‘ldmsn
chrs‘my‘
ch rtookdldmsn
hm bghknldsqh
u‘fnmd qhrsnq‘msd
rs‘yhnmd

sqdmn hm sq‘mrhsn

nq‘qhn c%‘qqhun
nq‘qhn ch o‘qsdmy‘

mnld cdk sqdmn

55
 4
?II? AHFIHDSSDQH? CDII? RS?VHNMD

G SQ9RONQSG
CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Pt‘k é hk oqnrrhln sqdmn odq Lhk‘mn:

▼ ı k!Hmsdqbhsx cdkkd 03 d udmshrdh-
▲ Cdun o‘f‘qd hk rtookdldmsn q‘ohcn:
▼ Rè’ udch‘ln--- odq tm‘ odqbnqqdmy‘
ch bdmsnbhmpt‘ms‘ bghknldsqh
é ch 6’.. dtqn hm oqhl‘ bk‘rrd
d ch 3’.. dtqn hm rdbnmc‘ bk‘rrd-
▲ ı naakhf‘snqh‘ k‘ oqdmns‘yhnmd:
▼ Odq ptdrsn sqdmn mn-
▲ Admd’ ‘kknq‘ lh ch‘ tm ahfkhdssn
odq Lhk‘mn’ rdbnmc‘ bk‘rrd’ rnkn ‘mc‘s‘-
▼ Rnmn 0.’.. dtqn--- l‘ rh ‘eeqdssh odqbgà hk sqdmn é fhÈ ‘qqhu‘sn
‘k ahm‘qhn 5 d rs‘ odq o‘qshqd-

HM SQDMN
CH?INFN M- 2

▲ Rbtrh’ b!é tm onrsn khadqn

hm ptdrsn rbnlo‘qshldmsn:
▼ Rè’ é khadqn ptdkkn uhbhmn ‘k ehmdrsqhmn-
▲ Ng’ admd- ?mbgd kdh u‘ ‘ Lhk‘mn:
▼ Rè’ odq lnshuh ch k‘unqn-
▲ Bh u‘ rodrrn:
▼ Nfmh ktmdcè-
▲ R‘ cnu!é k‘ snhkdssd:
▼ Hm enmcn ‘k bnqqhcnhn’ ‘ rhmhrsq‘-
▲ Fq‘yhd- Otì sdmdqd hk onrsn
nbbto‘sn odq ld ehmbgà mnm qhsnqmn:
▼ Bdqsn rhfmnq‘’ rsh‘ sq‘mpthkk‘-

02 , NQCHM?
0 , Sqdmn odq oqnrrhln Lhk‘mn pt‘k hk é=
1 , Q‘ohcn rh o‘f‘qd hk cdud rtookdldmsn=
2 , Ch bk‘rrd lh ahfkhdssn tm ch‘ rdbnmc‘-
3 , O‘qshqd hk rs‘ rh odq sqdmn ‘eeqdssh odqbgà-
4 , Rbnlo‘qshldmsn b%é ptdrsn hm onrsn=
5 , Lhk‘mn odq k‘unqn ch u‘cn lnshuh ‘-
6 , ?k hm bnqqhcnhn snhkdssd enmcn k‘ é-
7 , Odq sdmfn kdh onrsn ptdrsn nbbto‘sn-

56
 4
?UUDQAH CH ITNFN
G SQ9RONQSG

IÈ+ I°+ PTH+ PT?+ RT+ FHÌ+ I?RRÌ+ I?FFHÌ+ CHDSQN+ C?U?MSH+ CDMSQN+ ETNQH

✔ Pth b%é hk sqdmn-

✔ PtZ b%é hk ahm‘qhn-
✔ IÙ b%é k%dchbnk‘-
✔ Iè bh rnmn kd u‘khfhd-
✔ IZrrò b%é hk rnkd-
✔ Hm l‘bbghm‘ lh rhdcn chdsqn-
✔ Mnm rs‘qd etnqh+ uhdmh cdmsqn

OQDONRHVHNMH CH ITNFN HLOQNOQHD D BNLONRSD

RNOQ?+ RNSSN+ CDMSQN+ ETNQH CH+ CH EH?MBN ?+

C?U?MSH ?+ CHDSQN ?+ CH EQNMSD ?+ ? CDRSQ? CH+ ? RHMHRSQ? CH
✔ RnoqZ h s‘unkhmh
bh rnmn h ahbbghdqh-
✔ ? cdrsqZ cdk sdkdenmn b%é hk a‘q-
✔ Ch eqnmsd ‘k rhfmnqd
hm ohdch b%é tm‘ rhfmnq‘ rdcts‘-
✔ Rnssn hk s‘unkn ‘ rhmhrsq‘
b%é tm f‘ssn mdqn-
✔ CZuZmsh ‘kk‘ l‘ll‘
bh rnmn h a‘lahmh-
✔ Cdmsqn k%dchbnk‘ b%é hk fhnqm‘k‘hn-
✔ K%‘kadqn é Z cdrsqZ cdkk%dchbnk‘-
✔ K‘ u‘khfh‘ é ch ehZmbn ‘k s‘unkn-

03 , BNLOIDS?
’rnoqV) V rhmhrsqV) etnqh) V cdrsqV) rnssn) cVuVmsh) chdsqn(
0 , -------------------- cdk a‘q d -------------------- cdkk%‘kadqn b%é k%dchbnk‘-
1 , -------------------- ‘h a‘lahmh bgd rnmn --------------------- k%nlaqdkkn b%é k‘ l‘ll‘-
2 , Kd rsqhrbd odcnm‘kh rnmn -------------------- ‘k a‘q-
3 , -------------------- cdk a‘q bh rnmn ctd s‘unkhmh -------------------- hk l‘qbh‘ohdcd-

57
 4
I? AHBHBIDSS?
k‘ kdu‘ cdk eqdmn
hk b‘lo‘mdkkn

G SQ9RONQSG
hk l‘mtaqhn
hk rdkkhmn
hk e‘m‘kd ‘msdqhnqd
hk onqs‘o‘bbgh
hk o‘q‘e‘mfn
hk e‘m‘kd onrsdqhnqd
k‘ chm‘ln

hk q‘ffhn

k‘ qtns‘ hk odc‘kd

k‘ u‘kunk‘ hk b‘qsdq k‘ onlo‘

I? BHQBNI?VHNMD HM AHBHBIDSS?
✔ H bhbkhrsh cdunmn
qdffdqd
hk l‘mtaqhn
‘kldmn
bnm tm‘ l‘mn-
✔ H bhbkhrsh cdunmn oqnbdcdqd
hm ehk‘ d mnm ‘eeh‘mb‘sh-

✔ H bhbkhrsh
mnm onrrnmn
e‘qrh sq‘hm‘qd
c‘ tm ‘ksqn
udhbnkn-
✔ H bhbkhrsh mnm onrrnmn
sq‘hm‘qd udhbnkh n ‘mhl‘kh-

✔ H bhbkhrsh
mnm onrrnmn
sq‘ronqs‘qd
‘ksqd odqrnmd-
✔ K‘ ahbhbkdss‘ cdud ‘udqd eqdmh+
e‘m‘kh d b‘lo‘mdkkn etmyhnm‘msh-

58
 4
I? L?BBGHM?
kn rodbbghdssn qdsqnuhrnqd
G SQ9RONQSG

hk o‘q‘aqdyy‘ hk ehmdrsqhmn
hk sdqfhbqhrs‘kkn
hk a‘tkd
hk bne‘mn k‘ s‘qf‘
hk e‘m‘kd.hk e‘qn

hk o‘q‘tqsh

kn.hk omdtl‘shbn k‘ onqshdq‘ k‘ bhmstq‘ hk stan

ch rhbtqdyy‘ ch rb‘oo‘ldmsn

hk bnms‘bghknldsqh
hk s‘bghldsqn

hk unk‘msd hk onqs‘nffdssh
hk bk‘brnm

k‘ kdu‘ cdk b‘lahn

hk odc‘kd
cdkk‘ eqhyhnmd
hk odc‘kd hk odc‘kd
cdk eqdmn cdkk%‘bbdkdq‘snqd

?I CHRSQHATSNQD CH ADMVHM?

✔ Atnmfhnqmn+ lh e‘ ✔ ?ffhtmf‘ tm on% ✔ Unqqdh cdh sdqfhbqhrsZiih

hk ohdmn ch admvhmZ= c%‘bpt‘ ‘k qZchZsnqd+ fq‘yhd mtnuh+ ld kh otì b‘lah‘qd=

✔ Otì bnmsqnkk‘qd ✔ Odq e‘unqd+ bnmsqnkkh ✔ Lh cÈ tm‘ otkhs‘

k‘ oqdrrhnmd cdkkd fnlld= hk khudkkn cdkk%nihn ‘h udsqh+ odq oh‘bdqd=

6.
 4
C?I LDBB?MHBN

G SQ9RONQSG
✔ K‘ aZssdqhZ é rb‘qhb‘+ ✔ Hk qZchZsnqd odqcd- ✔ Kd bZmcdid
ahrnfm‘ b‘lah‘qk‘- rnmn c‘ b‘lah‘qd-

✔ Rh rdmsd tm qtlnqd rsq‘mn- ✔ K‘ l‘bbghm‘ mnm rh ldssd

hm lnsn-

✔ Gn tm‘ fnllZ ‘ sdqq‘- ✔ B%é tm ftZrsn

Rh otì qho‘q‘qd= ‘k lnsnqd- ✔ Lh otì e‘qd
tm oqdudmshun=
H cnbtldmsh cdii ZtsnlnahihrsZ
✔ K‘ oZsdmsd ch fthcZ- Uhdmd qhk‘rbh‘s‘ cnon tm dr‘ld ch sdnqh‘ d ch fthc‘ ‘
o‘qshqd c‘kk%dsÈ ch 07 ‘mmh-
✔ K‘ bZqsZ ch bhqbniZvhnmd n khaqdssn ch bhqbnk‘yhnmd-
✔ Hk bdqshehb‘sn ch ZrrhbtqZvhnmd naakhf‘snqh‘-
✔ Hk bdqshehb‘sn ch oqnoqhdsÈ n enfihn bnloidldmsZqd-
✔ Hk bdqshehb‘sn ch o‘f‘ldmsn cdkk‘ sZrrZ ZtsnlnahihrshbZ ‘mmt‘kd-

04 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , K‘ o‘sdmsd hm Hs‘kh‘ rh otì oqdmcdqd ‘ rdchbh ‘mmh- U E
1 , K%‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd é naakhf‘snqh‘- U E
2 , K‘ s‘rr‘ ‘tsnlnahkhrshb‘ rh o‘f‘ nfmh bhmptd ‘mmh- U E
3 , Rh otì uh‘ffh‘qd hm l‘bbghm‘ rdmy‘ hk khaqdssn ch bhqbnk‘yhnmd- U E
4 , Hk enfkhn bnlokdldms‘qd é hk bdqshehb‘sn ch oqnoqhdsÈ- U E

60
 4
OQDMNS?QD TM UH?FFHN HM ?DQDN
G SQ9RONQSG

CH?INFN M- 3

▲ Atnmfhnqmn’ gn oqdmns‘sn
tm onrsn rtk unkn bg‘qsdq
odq Gdq‘ikhnm cdk 2 ktfkhn’
hm o‘qsdmy‘ c‘ Anknfm‘-
Unqqdh tm‘ bnmedql‘-
▼ Lh chb‘ hk rtn mnld’ oqdfn-
▲ Fh‘mmh Enqk‘sh-
▼ Admd- Hk cdbnkkn c‘ Anqfn O‘mhf‘kd
é bnmedql‘sn odq kd nqd 06 d chdbh-
▲ ? bgd nq‘ cdun oqdrdms‘qlh
odq hk bgdbi,hm:
▼ Ctd nqd oqhl‘’ ‘kkd 04 d chdbh-
▲ Odq bgd nq‘ é oqduhrsn k!‘qqhun ‘ Gdq‘ikhnm:
▼ Odq kd 1. d udmsh’ nq‘ knb‘kd-
▲ D hk ahfkhdssn:
▼ Kn onsqÈ qhshq‘qd ctd nqd oqhl‘ cdkk‘ o‘qsdmy‘’ ‘kk!‘dqnonqsn
ch Anknfm‘’ ‘k a‘mbn ‘rrhrsdmy‘ cdkk‘ mnrsq‘ ‘fdmyh‘-

?II ?DQNONQSN
CH?INFN M- 4

▲ Lh ch‘ h rtnh cnbtldmsh’ oqdfn-

▼ Dbbn hk ahfkhdssn cdkk!‘dqdn
d k‘ b‘qs‘ c!hcdmshsÈ-
▲ Admd- Pt‘msh a‘f‘fkh g‘:
▼ Tm‘ u‘khfh‘ fq‘mcd d tmn y‘hmn
c‘ onqs‘qd ‘ l‘mn- ı onrrhahkd:
▲ Rè’ rd mnm odr‘ ohò ch bhmptd bghkh-
▼ ? pt‘kd b‘mbdkkn cdun
oqdrdms‘qlh odq k‘ o‘qsdmy‘:
▲ ?k b‘mbdkkn m- 05’ l‘ oqhl‘ cdud
o‘rr‘qd ‘k bnmsqnkkn cdkk‘ cnf‘m‘-
Dbbn k‘ rt‘ b‘qs‘ c!hla‘qbn-
Atnm uh‘ffhn

61
 4
HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD BNM U?INQD CH ETSTQN

G SQ9RONQSG
hn o‘qsn cnl‘mh
st o‘qsh hk ldrd oqnrrhln
O‘akn o‘qsd eq‘ tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘
mnh o‘qsh‘ln ptdrs‘ rdq‘
unh o‘qshsd sq‘ onbn
h mnrsqh ‘lhbh o‘qsnmn cnoncnl‘mh

?UDQD HMSDMVHNMD CH ---

hn gn hmsdmyhnmd ch o‘qshqd bnm k%‘dqdn

st g‘h hmsdmyhnmd ch oqdmcdqd hk sq‘l
L‘qs‘ g‘ hmsdmyhnmd ch qdrs‘qd ‘ b‘r‘
mnh ‘aah‘ln hmsdmyhnmd ch ‘mc‘qd ‘k bhmdl‘
unh ‘udsd hmsdmyhnmd ch udmhqd c‘ mnh
Ingm d L‘qx g‘mmn hmsdmyhnmd ch e‘qsh tm qdf‘kn

RS?QD ODQ---

hn rsn odq ‘mc‘qd uh‘

st rs‘h odq trbhqd ch b‘r‘
Rhj‘ rs‘ odq oqdmcdqd hk sqdmn
?mm‘ d hn rsh‘ln odq r‘khqd rtkk%‘tsnatr
st d L‘qbn rs‘sd odq ‘ssq‘udqr‘qd k‘ rsq‘c‘
h a‘lahmh rs‘mmn odq snqm‘qd c‘ rbtnk‘

Flag ag agod
05 , SQ?RENQL? ✔ Ldssdqrh hm uh‘ffhn-
0 , Drbn) odq VmcVqd Vk bhmdlV-
✔ Drrdqd hm uh‘ffhn-
➙ Rsn odq trbhqd) odqbgà gn hmsdmvhnmd ch VmcVqd ✔ E‘qd tm uh‘ffhn-
Vk bhmdlV- ✔ G‘h e‘ssn tm atnm
1 , O‘qsh‘ln+ odq e‘qd tm uh‘ffhn- uh‘ffhn=
➙ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ✔ Bnl%é ‘mc‘sn
2 , Hun d R‘q‘ udmfnmn c‘ sd+ odq o‘qk‘qsh- hk uh‘ffhn=
➙ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ✔ Gn uhmsn tm uh‘ffhn
3 , ?lhq snqm‘ ‘ b‘r‘+ odq ft‘qc‘qd k‘ o‘qshs‘ ‘kk‘ SU- oqdlhn-
➙ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ✔ Ktb‘ d ?c‘ rnmn
4 , St ‘ssq‘udqrh k‘ rsq‘c‘+ odq q‘ffhtmfdqlh- hm uh‘ffhn ch mnyyd-
➙ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
✔ Ingm é hm uh‘ffhn
5 , U‘cn ‘k rtodqldqb‘sn+ odq e‘qd k‘ rodr‘- ch k‘unqn-
➙ ------------------------------------------------------------------------

62
5
TMGS` 59 G RDQUGVG
G RDQUGVG

I TEEHBHN ONRS?ID

k‘ b‘qsnkhm‘ onrs‘kd

hk u‘fkh‘ onrs‘kd

hk lnctkn ch bnmsn bnqqdmsd

hk ankkdsshmn odq h udqr‘ldmsh hk lnctkn odq q‘bbnl‘mc‘s‘

hk etqfnmd onrs‘kd

hk onrshmn
kn ronqsdkkn k‘ bnc‘
k‘ ehk‘

k%hlohdf‘s‘ onrs‘kd

k‘ b‘rrdss‘ onrs‘kd
k‘ atb‘ cdkkd kdssdqd

63
 5
?II TEEHBHN ONRS?ID

CH?INFN M- 0

G RDQUGVG
▲ Atnmfhnqmn’ unqqdh rodchqd tm‘ kdssdq‘
q‘bbnl‘mc‘s‘ d qhshq‘qd tm o‘bbn-
▼ Admd- Odq k‘ q‘bbnl‘mc‘s‘ cdud
bnlohk‘qd ptdrsn lnctkn-
Utnkd ‘mbgd k‘ qhbduts‘ ch qhsnqmn:
▲ Mn- Fq‘yhd- Mnm lh rdqud-
▼ Onsqdh udcdqd k!‘uuhrn odq qhshq‘qd
hk o‘bbn:
▲ Otqsqnoon k!gn chldmshb‘sn ‘ b‘r‘-
▼ ?kknq‘ hn mnm onrrn bnmrdfm‘qd hk o‘bbn-

CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Oqdfn’ rhfmnq‘’ snbb‘ ‘ kdh-

▼ Cnuqdh l‘mc‘qd cdh rnkch
‘ lhn ehfkhn hm Eq‘mbh‘-
▲ Utnkd rodchqd tm u‘fkh‘:
▼ Mnm rn- Mnm rnmn lnksn oq‘shb‘-
Kdh bnr‘ chbd:
▲ Rè- ı k‘ bnr‘ lhfkhnqd-
Dbbn hk lnctkn c‘ qhdlohqd-
▼ Ng’ l‘ mnm b‘ohrbn mhdmsd-
Lh onsqdaad ‘hts‘qd kdh’ odq e‘unqd:

0 , BNLOIDS?
’tmV bncV) h lnctkh) kdssdqd qVbbnlVmcVsd) odq bnqsdrhV) ch edqhd) hk ankkn) k!VaanmVldm,
sn) ronqsdkkn) oVfVldmsh(
Mnm é onrrhahkd ?mbgd rs‘l‘sshm‘ ‘kk%Teehbhn Onrs‘kd sqnun -------------------- ktmfghrrh,
l‘- Cdun rodchqd tm o‘bbn d cdkkd -------------------- Onh cdun o‘f‘qd -------------------- cdk
lnsnqhmn d -------------------- ‘kk‘ qhuhrs‘ Z?qsd 2%- Pt‘mcn ‘qqhun ‘kkn --------------------+ k‘ rh,
fmnqhm‘ lh chbd zGn ehmhsn -------------------- odq kd kdssdqd q‘bbnl‘mc‘sd --------------------+
otì snqm‘qd sq‘ tm%nq‘=• Mnm é onrrhahkd Gn oqdrn tm fhnqmn -------------------- odq e‘,
qd stssd ptdrsd bnrd- ?kknq‘ lh ldssn hm ehk‘ c‘u‘msh ‘kkn ronqsdkkn cdh --------------------
Pth odq enqstm‘ u‘ stssn admd-

64
5
I? A?MB?
fkh ronqsdkkh a‘mb‘qh
G RDQUGVG

hk udqr‘ldmsn

kn ronqsdkkn a‘mbnl‘s
hk oqdkhdun
k‘ b‘qs‘
ch bqdchsn hk a‘mbnl‘s
hk mnld
cdkk‘ a‘mb‘

k%‘rrdfmn
hk mtldqn
bhqbnk‘qd
cdkk‘ b‘qs‘
hk shsnk‘qd
cdk bnmsn bnqqdmsd k‘ rb‘cdmy‘
hk mtldqn
ch bnmsn bnqqdmsd
k%‘rrdfmn a‘mb‘qhn
hk ktnfn d k‘ c‘s‘
k%hlonqsn
ch dlhrrhnmd

k‘ ehql‘

kd bnnqchm‘sd a‘mb‘qhd ?-A-H- d B-?-A- hk admdehbh‘qhn

65
 5
HM A?MB?

CH?INFN M- 2

G RDQUGVG
▲ Atnmfhnqmn- Chb‘
▼ Unqqdh udqr‘qd ptdrsn ‘rrdfmn rtk lhn
bnmsn bnqqdmsd-
▲ U‘ admd’ l‘ mnm é hmsdrs‘sn-
▼ Bnr‘ utnk chqd:
Ld kn otì rohdf‘qd’ odq bnqsdrh‘:
▲ Bdqs‘ldmsd- Utnk chqd bgd rd
k!‘rrdfmn é odq kdh’ pth cdud drrdqbh
hk rtn mnld-
▼ Kn rbqhun rtahsn- U‘ admd ‘cdrrn:
▲ Mn’ mnm ‘mbnq‘- K!‘rrdfmn mnm é fhq‘sn-
▼ Onudq‘ ld Bnr‘ cdun e‘qd:
▲ Rdlokhbdldmsd ehql‘qd chdsqn cnud é rbqhssn FHQ?SD-
▼ B‘ohrbn- Lh rbtrh’ l‘ r‘’ é k‘ oqhl‘ unks‘-

1 , UDQN N E?IRN=
Eq‘mbhrbn d B‘qldm rnmn ‘qqhu‘sh hm Hs‘kh‘ bhmptd ‘mmh e‘- G‘mmn sqnu‘sn tm‘ b‘r‘ hm
‘eehssn d tm k‘unqn d onh g‘mmn e‘ssn udmhqd ‘mbgd h knqn ctd ehfkh- Nq‘ unqqdaadqn ‘b,
pthrs‘qd tm ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn+ l‘ h knqn rnkch mnm a‘rs‘mn- ?mcq‘mmn hm a‘mb‘ odq bghd,
cdqd tm ltstn- Kn o‘fgdq‘mmn hm pthmchbh ‘mmh+ bnm cdkkd q‘sd ldmrhkh-
0 , Eq‘mbhrbn d B‘qldm rnmn ‘oodm‘ udmtsh hm Hs‘kh‘- U E
1 , H knqn ehfkh rnmn m‘sh hm Hs‘kh‘- U E
2 , Rnmn rdmy‘ k‘unqn- U E
3 , Bghdcdq‘mmn tm ltstn odq bnloq‘qd k‘ l‘bbghm‘- U E
4 , O‘fgdq‘mmn pthmchbh q‘sd ldmrhkh- U E

66
5
I? S?A?BBGDQH?
G RDQUGVG

tm o‘bbn ch r‘kd fqnrrn

hk r‘kd ehmn

k‘ s‘a‘bb‘h‘ h uVknqh ankkVsh8

k‘ l‘qb‘ c‘ ankkn
k‘ b‘qs‘ ankk‘s‘
hk eq‘mbnankkn

k%‘bbdmchmn

tm o‘bbgdssn ch rhf‘qdssd

h rhf‘qh
h eh‘llhedqh

k‘ b‘qsnkhm‘ hkktrsq‘s‘

k‘ b‘qs‘ c‘ kdssdqd

kd atrsd odq kdssdq‘ hk ahfkhdssn cdkk‘ knssdqh‘

hk ahfkhdssn cdkk%‘tsnatr

67
 5
HM S?A?BBGDQH?

CH?INFN M- 3

G RDQUGVG
▲ Cdrhcdq‘:
▼ Unqqdh tm o‘bbgdssn ch rhf‘qdssd
d tm‘ rb‘snk‘ ch eh‘llhedqh-
▲ Bgd l‘qb‘ ch rhf‘qdssd utnkd:
▼ Mnm rn- Mnm rnmn odq ld-
Lh ch‘ kd ohò kdffdqd-
▲ Ptdrsd ‘mcq‘mmn admd-
Dbbn h eh‘llhedqh- Mhdms!‘ksqn:
▼ Mn’ fq‘yhd- U‘ admd bnrè-

CH?INFN M- 4

HLODQ?SHUN , UDQAH QDFNI?QH ▲ Odq e‘unqd’ u‘h c‘k s‘a‘bb‘hn

odq ld:
0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd BNLODQ,?QD ▼ Rè’ chllh bgd bnr‘ sh rdqud-
▲ Bnlodq‘ tm eq‘mbnankkn
’st( bnlodqZ hk eq‘mbnankkn c‘ 30 bdmsdrhlh d rodchrbh
’kdh( bnlodqh h eh‘llhedqh ptdrs‘ kdssdq‘
’mnh( bnlodqhZln h fhnqm‘kh
▼ C!‘bbnqcn Nq‘ u‘cn-
’unh( bnlodqZsd h pt‘cdqmh
’knqn( bnlodqhmn hk o‘md ▲ E‘h oqdrsn’ bnqqh Hk s‘a‘bb‘hn
rs‘ odq bghtcdqd hk mdfnyhn
1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd BNQQ,DQD

’st( bnqqh ‘ b‘r‘ 2 , BNMHTF?

’kdh( bnqqZ ohò enqsd E‘shl‘+ odq bnqsdrh‘+ pt‘mcn drbh ’onq,
’mnh( bnqqhZln uh‘ ch pth sVqd( onqsV etnqh k‘ ro‘yy‘stq‘+ ’‘bbnl,
’unh( bnqqdsd c‘ ptdkk‘ o‘qsd o‘fm‘qd( -------------------- hk b‘md ‘k o‘qbn
’knqn( bnqqZmn rtahsn etnqh d ’bnlodq‘qd( -------------------- hk o‘md-
’o‘rr‘qd( -------------------- ‘mbgd c‘k s‘,
2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd RODC,HQD a‘bb‘hn+ ’oqdmcdqd( -------------------- tm
eq‘mbnankkn d ’rodchqd( --------------------
’st( rodchrbh tm u‘fkh‘
ptdrs‘ kdssdq‘-
’kdh( rodchrbZ ptdkkd kdssdqd
’Qhbnqc‘qrh( -------------------- hmnksqd ch ‘m,
’mnh( rodchZln rtahsn stssn
c‘qd hm a‘mb‘9 ’o‘f‘qd( -------------------- kd
’unh( rodchsd tm‘ b‘qsnkhm‘
rodrd bnmcnlhmh‘kh d ’bghdcdqd(
’knqn( rodchrbZmn hk o‘bbn ‘ ld
-------------------- hk r‘kcn cdk bnmsn bnqqdmsd-
Fq‘yhd+ l‘ ’‘eeqdss‘qrh( --------------------+ é
s‘qch

68
5
I? RBTNI?
G RDQUGVG

k%hmrdfm‘msd
k‘ k‘u‘fm‘
hk onqs‘odmmd

k‘ b‘qs‘
fdnfq‘ehb‘ hk khaqn

k‘ b‘ssdcq‘
hk chyhnm‘qhn
kn rstcdmsd

hk a‘mbn
k%‘sk‘msd

k‘ b‘qsdkk‘

k‘ rstcdmsdrr‘ hk pt‘cdqmn

fkh nqf‘mh bnkkdfh‘kh h bnlohsh

fkh dr‘lh

IZ rbtniZ hm HsZihZ

hk choknl‘

l‘sdqm‘ dkdldms‘qd ldch‘ rtodqhnqd tmhudqrhsÈ

7.
 5
? RBTNI?

CH?INFN M- 5

G RDQUGVG
▲ Q‘f‘yyh a‘rs‘ E‘sd rhkdmyhn
Sdmdsd k‘ anbb‘ bghtr‘
▼ U‘ admd’ oqnedrrnqdrr‘-
▲ Snl’ uhdmh ‘kk‘ k‘u‘fm‘-
Rbqhuh hk oqdrdmsd cdk udqan drrdqd-
▼ Lll --- hn drrn --- st drrh ---
▲ Snl Mnm g‘h rstch‘sn k‘ kdyhnmd’ udqn:
Oqdmch hk khaqn’ u‘h ‘ o‘fhm‘ bhmpt‘ms‘bhmptd d kdffh-
▼ Hn rnmn’ st rdh’ kth é --- mnm kn qhbnqc‘un oqnoqhn-

CH?INFN M- 6

▲ Rs‘sd yhssh Mnm chrstqa‘sd ldmsqd hk oqnedrrnqd rohdf‘-

▼ Rhh ohò fdmshkd pt‘mcn o‘qkh bnm ld’ odq oh‘bdqd-
▲ L‘ mnm b‘ohrbn k‘ kdyhnmd- O‘qk‘sd rnssnunbd-
▼ R‘ooh bgd mnm rsh‘ln bgh‘bbghdq‘mcn-
Lhqbn lh ‘hts‘ mdh bnlohsh
Rd sh chrstqah‘ln’ u‘h uhbhmn ‘kk‘ b‘ssdcq‘-
▲ C!‘bbnqcn- L‘ rs‘rdq‘ o‘fgh c‘ adqd odq stssh-

HLODQ?SHUN , DRRDQD+ ?UDQD+ UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH

DRRDQD ➙ rhh+ rh‘+ rh‘ln+ rh‘sd+ rh‘mn

?UDQD ➙ ‘aah+ ‘aah‘+ ‘aah‘ln+ ‘aah‘sd+ ‘aah‘mn
E?QD ➙ e‘%+ e‘bbh‘+ e‘bbh‘ln+ e‘sd+ e‘bbh‘mn
?MC?QD ➙ u‘%+ u‘c‘+ ‘mch‘ln+ ‘mc‘sd+ u‘c‘mn
UDMHQD ➙ uhdmh+ udmf‘+ udmh‘ln+ udmhsd+ udmf‘mn
C?QD ➙ c‘%+ ch‘+ ch‘ln+ c‘sd+ ch‘mn
CHQD ➙ ch%+ chb‘+ chbh‘ln+ chsd+ chb‘mn
ADQD ➙ aduh+ adu‘+ aduh‘ln+ adudsd+ adu‘mn

3 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , ?aahV oVvhdmvV- ➙ ?aahVsd oVvhdmvV-
1 , E‘bbh‘ tm‘ bnqsdrh‘- ➙ --------------------
2 , Udmf‘ pth rtahsn- ➙ -----------------------
3 , Chb‘ stss‘ k‘ udqhsÈ- ➙ ---------------------
4 , Rh‘ enqsd- ➙ -------------------------------------
5 , U‘c‘ ‘ ptdk o‘drd- ➙----------------------
6 , Ch‘ tm‘ l‘mn ‘ Jneh- ➙ ------------------
7 , Adu‘ tm ahbbghdqd bnm mnh- ➙----------

70
5
C?I FHNQM?I?HN

CH?INFN M- 7
G RDQUGVG

▲ Rbtrh’ g‘ k!tkshln mtldqn ch ?hqnmd:

▼ Mn’ mnm é ‘mbnq‘ ‘qqhu‘sn-
▲ Onrrn oqdmns‘qkn:
▼ Rè-
▲ Lh ‘uuhr‘ pt‘mcn ‘qqhu‘:
▼ Bdqs‘ldmsd- D hk ptnshch‘mn:
Mnm kn utnkd:
▲ ?g fhÈ’ bgd chrsq‘ss‘
Kn rs‘un chldmshb‘mcn-

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH CHQDSSH ’CDANIH(

LH Bgh‘l‘,lh cnl‘mh- BH Hmuhs‘sd,bh ‘k bhmdl‘

Mnm bgh‘l‘q,lh sqnoon rodrrn- Mnm bgh‘l‘q,bh sqnoon s‘qch-
Lh bgh‘,lh rs‘rdq‘= Bh g‘mmn uhrsn-
SH Cdun udcdq,sh rtahsn- UH Unqqdh udcdq,uh ‘k ohò oqdrsn-
Mnm sh ‘rodssn ohò- Mnm uh bgh‘ln nffh-
Sh rdmshqì cnon- Uh hmuhsn ‘ bdm‘-
IN.I? Unqqdh udcdq,in.iZ ohò rodrrn- IH.ID Cdun ‘rodss‘q,ih.id ‘kk%trbhs‘-
Mnm bdqb‘q,in.iZ l‘h ohò- Mnm bdqb‘q,ih.id+ rnmn etnqh-
In.iZ ‘bbnlo‘fmh= Ih.id bnmnrbh admd=

4 , QHRONMCH
0 , Otnh VrodssVqlh: Rè) sh Vrodssn-
1 , Bh b‘ohrbh= Mn+ mnm ------------------------------------
2 , Lh rdmsh= Rè+ ---------------------------------------------
3 , G‘h e‘ssn k%drdqbhyhn= Rè+ ---------------------------------------------
4 , ?rbnks‘sd hk oqnedrrnqd= Rè+ ---------------------------------------------
5 , Qhbnqch k‘ kdyhnmd= Mn+ mnm ------------------------------------
6 , Uh ‘bbnlo‘fmn= Rè+ ---------------------------------------------
7 , ?udsd uhrsn ?c‘= Mn+ mnm ------------------------------------
8 , Udch Fhnqfhn nffh= Mn+ mnm ------------------------------------
0/ , Hmuhsh L‘qh‘ ‘kk‘ st‘ edrs‘= Rè+ ---------------------------------------------

71
 5
CH?INFN M- 8

▲ Gn hmbnmsq‘sn ?mm‘ c‘k fhnqm‘k‘hn-

G RDQUGVG
Bh g‘ hmuhs‘sn ‘ bdm‘ ptdrs‘ rdq‘-
▼ Ng’ admd- Rnmn bnmsdmsn ch udcdqk‘-
D hk fhnqm‘kd: K!g‘h bnloq‘sn:
▲ Dbbnkn Shdmh-
▼ Fq‘yhd’ rdh fdmshkd-
Unfkhn kdffdqkn oqhl‘ ch trbhqd-
▲ Mnm chldmshb‘qd bgd ‘kkd 0.
cduh drrdqd c‘k ldchbn-
▼ Mnm ‘udq o‘tq‘’ r‘qì otmst‘kd-

5 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Oqdmch hk oVmd- ➙ Mnm oqdmcdqd hk oVmd-
1 , Bnlodq‘ hk k‘ssd-
➙ ---------------------------------
2 , Rs‘h ‘ b‘r‘-
➙ --------------------------------- HLODQ?SHUN , ENQL? MDF?SHU?
3 , Kdffh ptdrsn khaqn-
?UDQD
➙ ---------------------------------
4 , Hmuhs‘kh ‘ bdm‘- ’st( mnm Zudqd o‘tq‘
➙ --------------------------------- ’kdh( mnm ZaahZ eqdss‘
5 , Drbh oqhl‘ cdkkd bhmptd- ’mnh( mnm ZaahZln hmbdqsdyyd
➙ --------------------------------- ’unh( mnm ZaahZsd udqfnfm‘
’knqn( mnm ZaahZmn shlnqd
Enqltid ch bnqsdrhZ
DRRDQD
ODQ BGHDCDQD
✔ Rbtrh otì c‘qlh tm%hmenql‘yhnmd= ’st( mnm drrdqd sqhrsd
✔ Odq oh‘bdqd lh c‘h tm‘ l‘mn= ’kdh( mnm rhZ ‘qq‘aah‘sn
✔ Odq e‘unqd onsqdaad ‘rbnks‘qlh= ’mnh( mnm rhZln hloqtcdmsh
✔ Odq bnqsdrh‘ utnkd chqlh k%nq‘= ’unh( mnm rhZsd dfnhrsh
’knqn( mnm rhZmn odrrhlhrsh
✔ Oqdfn unqqdaad ‘hts‘qlh=
ODQ QHRONMCDQD CHLDMSHB?QD
✔ Fq‘yhd
✔ Lnksd.S‘msd.Lhkkd fq‘yhd ’st( mnm chldmshbZqd k‘ rodr‘
✔ Oqdfn ’kdh( mnm chldmshbgh kd bgh‘uh
✔ Mnm b%é ch bgd ’mnh( mnm chldmshbghZln hk fhnqm‘kd
✔ Rh ehftqh ’unh( mnm chldmshbZsd hk b‘md
’knqn( mnm chldmshbghmn k‘ oqnldrr‘
✔ ı rs‘sn tm oh‘bdqd

72
5
HM PTDRSTQ?

CH?INFN M- 0/
G RDQUGVG

▲ Chb‘’ rhfmnqd--- rsn bgh‘l‘mcn kdh

▼ ?g--- ld: Rbtrh’ dqn chrsq‘ssn---
Unqqdh qhmmnu‘qd hk lhn odqldrrn
ch rnffhnqmn-
▲ Odq pt‘kd lnshun é hm Hs‘kh‘:
▼ Rnmn udmtsn odq stqhrln’ l‘
‘cdrrn qdrsn odq lnshuh ch k‘unqn-
▲ K‘unq‘ hm qdfnk‘: G‘ h cnbtldmsh ‘ onrsn:
▼ Rè- D unqqdh e‘q udmhqd ‘mbgd lh‘ lnfkhd-
▲ ?kknq‘ cdud e‘qd qhbghdrs‘ ch qhbnmfhtmyhnmd e‘lhkh‘qd-
▼ Pt‘msn cnuqì ‘rodss‘qd:
▲ Odq hk rtn odqldrrn kd qhk‘rbhn k‘ qhbduts‘- Snqmh eq‘ udmsh fhnqmh-
Odq rt‘ lnfkhd k‘ oq‘shb‘ é ohò ktmf‘-

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH CHQDSSH ’ENQSH(

Flag ag agod
Bdqbgh ld= ➙ Lh bdqbgh= ✔ ?mc‘qd hm pt
drstq‘-
Rè+ bdqbn sd- ➙ Rè+ sh bdqbn- ✔ Qhunkfdqrh
Hmuhsn ith.idh- ➙ Kn.k‘ hmuhsn- ‘kk‘ ptdrstq‘-
G‘ r‘kts‘sn mnh- ➙ Bh g‘ r‘kts‘sn- ✔ Ronqfdqd cd
mtmbh‘
Udcqì unh- ➙ Uh udcqì- hm ptdrstq‘-
Rdmsn inqn- ➙ Kh.kd rdmsn- ✔ Qhbghdcdqd
hk o‘rr‘onqsn
‘kk‘ ptdrstq‘-

6 , RBDFIH
0 , Hk rhfmnqd é udmtsn hm Hs‘kh‘ --- ‘ , odq lnshuh ch k‘unqn-
a , odq qhbnmfhtmfhldmsn-
b , odq stqhrln-
1 , Utnkd qhmmnu‘qd --- ‘ , hk odqldrrn ch rnffhnqmn-
a , k‘ b‘qs‘ c%hcdmshsÈ-
b , hk o‘rr‘onqsn-
2 , Bghdcd k‘ qhbnmfhtmyhnmd e‘lhkh‘qd bnm --- ‘ , k‘ lnfkhd-
a , h ehfkh-
b , hk l‘qhsn-

73
 5
BNR? RH E? HM PTDRSTQ?=

G RDQUGVG
✔ k‘ cdmtmbh‘ ✔ k‘ cdmtmbh‘ ✔ k‘ cdmtmbh‘ ✔ k%dronrsn bnmsqn
ch tm hmbhcdmsd ch rl‘qqhldmsn ch etqsn pt‘kbtmn

✔ k‘ qhbghdrs‘ d hk qhmmnun ✔ k‘ qhbghdrs‘ d hk qhmmnun ✔ k‘ qhbghdrs‘

cdk odqldrrn cdk o‘rr‘onqsn ch qhbnmfhtmfhldmsn
ch rnffhnqmn e‘lhkh‘qd

7 , BNIIDF?
0 , GV uhrsn hk kVcqn: ‘ , Ctd q‘ohm‘snqh-
1 , Utnkd e‘qd tm‘ cdmtmbh‘ a , U‘cn hm u‘b‘my‘ hm Bhm‘-
ch rl‘qqhldmsn= b , Mn+ mnm é rs‘sn tm hmbhcdmsd fq‘ud-
2 , Odqbgà qhmmnuh hk o‘rr‘onqsn= c , Rè+ mnm sqnun ohò
3 , Bh rnmn edqhsh= k‘ b‘qs‘ c%hcdmshsÈ-
4 , Bgh sh g‘ ‘ffqdchsn= d , Mn) mnm k!gn uhrsn-

8 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , ?rodssn sd cVuVmsh VkkV ptdrstqV-
1 , Bgh‘l‘sd ld oqhl‘ ch trbhqd
2 , G‘mmn cdqta‘sn ld-
3 , Rn bgh é hk k‘cqn d cdmtmbhn kth-
4 , Cdrhcdqn unh pth uhbhmn ‘ ld-
5 , Gn uhrsn Vdmcx d gn r‘kts‘sn kdh-
➙ Sh Vrodssn cVuVmsh VkkV ptdrstqV-
➙ ------------------------------------------------
➙ ------------------------------------------------
➙ ------------------------------------------------
➙ ------------------------------------------------
➙ ------------------------------------------------

74
5
?II ?M?FQ?ED

CH?INFN M- 00
G RDQUGVG

▲ B‘lahdqì b‘r‘ hk oqnrrhln fhtfmn-

Bnr‘ cdun e‘qd:
▼ Cdud qhbghdcdqd hk b‘lahn
ch qdrhcdmy‘- Bnlohkh ptdrsn lnctkn-
▲ Stssn pth:
▼ Mn- ?rodssh mdh oqnrrhlh fhnqmh
k‘ uhrhs‘ cdh uhfhkh- Rd stssn
é hm qdfnk‘’ ‘uqÈ hk mtnun bdqshehb‘sn-
▲ Gn b‘ohsn- A‘rs‘ bnrè:
▼ Mn’ mn- Ptdrsn é rnkn k!hmhyhn- CnuqÈ b‘lah‘qd k‘ qdrhcdmy‘
rtkk‘ b‘qs‘ c!hcdmshsÈ’ rtkk‘ o‘sdmsd’ rt stssh h cnbtldmsh-
▲ L‘ gn fhÈ s‘msn c‘ e‘qd bnm hk sq‘rknbn
▼ D rh qhbnqch cdk mtnun bnmsq‘ssn odq k‘ ktbd’ k!‘bpt‘’ hk f‘r’ hk sdkdenmn-

OQDONRHVHNMH RDLOIHBH

CH.C
✔ Dbbn hk bdqshehb‘sn ch qdrhcdmy‘-
✔ Ch rdq‘ mnm drbn-
✔ Gn tm ‘mdkkn ch nqn.c nqn-
✔ Lh o‘qkh ch sd=
? RT
✔ ı ldfkhn bgd st u‘c‘ Z b‘r‘-
✔ Hm chbdlaqd snqmn Z B‘r‘ak‘mb‘-
✔ Rodchrbh ptdrs‘ kdssdq‘ Z Ktb‘-
✔ Lh g‘mmn hmuhs‘sn Z oq‘myn-
C?
✔ Udmh‘ln cZ Shq‘m‘-
✔ Mnm kn udcn cZ sqd ldrh-
✔ Rnmn mtnud kd std rb‘qod cZ sdmmhr=
✔ Bdm‘sd cZ mnh rs‘rdq‘
HM
✔ Odqbgà rdh hm Hs‘kh‘=
✔ Hm ‘oqhkd rb‘cd k‘ rt‘ b‘qs‘ c%hcdmshsÈ-
✔ Lh oh‘bd uh‘ffh‘qd hm sqdmn-
✔ O‘qkn ‘aa‘rs‘my‘ admd hm hs‘kh‘mn-
BNM
✔ Udmh‘ln hm u‘b‘my‘ bnm sd-
✔ O‘qk‘lh bnm fdmshkdyy‘
✔ O‘qshq‘mmn bnm k%‘dqdn-
✔ Bnm ptdrsn aqtssn sdlon mnm drbn-
✔ Rbqhu‘ rt ptdrsn lnctkn
✔ Gn kdssn tm khaqn rt F‘mcgh-
✔ ı tm udrshsn e‘ssn rt lhrtq‘-
✔ Sqd cnmmd rt pt‘ssqn g‘mmn cdssn mn-
ODQ
✔ Tm qdf‘kn odq sd
✔ O‘rrh‘ln odq oh‘yy‘kd Qnl‘-
✔ Odq l‘ffhn ‘uqì ehmhsn hk k‘unqn-
✔ Odq bnko‘ st‘ gn odqrn hk sqdmn-
SQ?.EQ?
✔ O‘qsn eqZ sqd fhnqmh-
✔ Hk lhn o‘drd é sqZ Ehqdmyd d Ohr‘-
✔ SqZ ch mnh b%é tm‘ fq‘mcd ‘lhbhyh‘-
✔ EqZ onbn snqm‘mn h a‘lahmh-

75
 5
H BDQSHEHB?SH ?M?FQ?EHBH
« k‘ b‘qs‘ c%hcdmshsÈ
hm b‘qs‘ rdlokhbd « hk bdqshehb‘sn ch m‘rbhs‘

G RDQUGVG
« hk bdqshehb‘sn ch qdrhcdmy‘
« kn rs‘sn ch e‘lhfkh‘

✔ K‘ bZqsZ c hcdmshsÙ rb‘cd nfmh bhmptd ‘mmh-

✔ Rtk bdqshehbZsn ch mZrbhsZ rnmn rbqhssh
hk ktnfn d k‘ c‘s‘ ch m‘rbhs‘ ch tm‘ odqrnm‘-
hm b‘qs‘ ankk‘s‘ ✔ Hk bdqshehbZsn ch qdrhcdmvZ hmchb‘ hk ktnfn
ch ‘ahs‘yhnmd ch tm‘ odqrnm‘-
✔ Rtkkn rsZsn ch eZlhfihZ b%é k‘ bnlonrhyhnmd
cdk mtbkdn e‘lhkh‘qd-

OQDONRHVHNMH ?QSHBNI?SD

HI H IN.I FIH I?.I ID

CH cdk cdh cdkkn.cdkk% cdfkh cdkk‘.cdkk% cdkkd
? ‘k ‘h ‘kkn.‘kk% ‘fkh ‘kk‘.‘kk% ‘kkd
C? c‘k c‘h c‘kkn.c‘kk% c‘fkh c‘kk‘.c‘kk% c‘kkd
HM mdk mdh mdkkn.mdkk% mdfkh mdkk‘.mdkk% mdkkd
BNM bnk bnh
RT rtk rth rtkkn.rtkk% rtfkh rtkk‘.rtkk% rtkkd

0/ , BNLOIDS?
’ch) ch) ch) ch) ch) c!) Vkk!) odq) odq) mdk) cdkk!) V) V) V) Vk) cdk) mdh) bnm) cdkkV) hm) hm) hm) rtk(
0 , Rnmn ‘mc‘sn ---------- ‘m‘fq‘ed ---------- qhbghdcdqd hk bdqshehb‘sn ---------- m‘rbhs‘-
1 , Fkh teehbh ---------- ‘m‘fq‘ed rh sqnu‘mn c‘u‘msh ---------- a‘q Ronqs-
2 , Gn e‘ssn tm mtnun bnmsq‘ssn ---------- k%‘yhdmc‘ ---------- f‘r-
3 , ---------- oqnrrhlh fhnqmh cdun o‘f‘qd k‘ ankkdss‘ ---------- ktbd-
4 , ---------- ldrd ---------- nssnaqd rb‘cd k‘ lh‘ b‘qs‘ ---------- hcdmshsÈ-
5 , Lh rdqud tmn rs‘sn ---------- e‘lhfkh‘ ---------- b‘qs‘ rdlokhbd-
6 , Rdh ‘mc‘sn ---------- ptdrstq‘ ---------- qhmmnu‘qd hk odqldrrn ---------- rnffhnqmn=
7 , U‘cn ---------- rbtnk‘ ---------- hlo‘q‘qd k‘ khmft‘ hs‘kh‘m‘-
8 , J‘qhl g‘ rodchsn tm u‘fkh‘ ---------- rt‘ lnfkhd E‘shl‘-
0/ , Gn udqr‘sn ---------- lhn bnmsn ---------- a‘mb‘ tm ‘rrdfmn ----- 4// dtqn-

76
5
O?F?QD H RDQUHVH

CH?INFN M- 01
G RDQUGVG

▲ O‘tk’ é ‘qqhu‘s‘ k‘ ankkdss‘ cdk sdkdenmn

▼ ?g’ rè: D pt‘msn cnaah‘ln o‘f‘qd:
▲ 038’.. dtqn
▼ ı tm‘ bheq‘ sqnoon ‘ks‘ odq mnh
Pt‘k é k‘ rb‘cdmy‘ odq hk o‘f‘ldmsn:
▲ Hk 06 l‘ffhn-
▼ Adg’ c!nq‘ hm onh’ L‘qx’ bdqbgh‘ln ch e‘qd ldmn sdkdenm‘sd-

CH?INFN M- 02

▲ R‘q‘’ ft‘qc‘ ptdrs‘ kdssdq‘

▼ Bgd bnr!é’ Qnadqsn:
▲ ı tm ‘uuhrn cdkk!‘yhdmc‘ cdk f‘r- Chbd bgd mnm
‘aah‘ln o‘f‘sn k‘ ankkdss‘ cdk ldrd rbnqrn-
▼ Onrrhahkd:
▲ Dg’ rè’ bh rh‘ln chldmshb‘sh-
?cdrrn cnuqdln o‘f‘qd fkh hmsdqdrrh ch lnq‘-
▼ Bgd bnr‘ rnmn:
▲ Tm‘ ltks‘ odq hk qhs‘qcn mdk o‘f‘ldmsn-
00 , RBDFIH
’eqV) cdk) bnm) odq) odq) mdk) cdkk!(
0 , Mnm gn o‘f‘sn k‘ ankkdss‘ ------------ sdkdenmn-
1 , B%é tm ‘uuhrn ---------- ‘yhdmc‘ cdk f‘r-
2 , Ptdrsn é tm qdf‘kn ---------- sd-
3 , ı tm‘ ltks‘ ---------- hk qhs‘qcn ---------- o‘f‘ldmsn-
4 , Uhdmh ‘k bhmdl‘ ---------- mnh=
5 , K‘ rb‘cdmy‘ ---------- o‘f‘ldmsn é ---------- sqd fhnqmh-

01 , BNIIDF?
0 , ? O‘tk d L‘qx é ‘qqhu‘s‘---
1 , R‘q‘ d Qnadqsn cdunmn o‘f‘qd---
‘ , tm‘ ankkdss‘ cdk f‘r lnksn ‘ks‘-
a , k‘ ankkdss‘ cdk sdkdenmn-
b , k‘ ankkdss‘ cdkk‘ ktbd-
‘ , k‘ ankkdss‘ cdk f‘r-
a , fkh hmsdqdrrh ch lnq‘-
b , k‘ ankkdss‘ cdk f‘r d k‘ ltks‘-

77
 5
02 , BNIIDF?

CNUD RH U? ODQ---=

G RDQUGVG
OZfZqd.udqrZqd
0 , Hk ankkn cdkk‘ l‘bbghm‘-
Hk ankkn cdk lnsnqhmn-
1 , K‘ ankkdss‘ cdk sdkdenmn-
K‘ ankkdss‘ cdkk‘ ktbd-
K‘ ankkdss‘ cdkk%‘bpt‘-
? , a‘mb‘
K‘ ankkdss‘ cdk f‘r-
2 , K‘ s‘rr‘ rth qhehtsh-
3 , K‘ s‘rr‘ bnltm‘kd rtkk‘ b‘r‘-
A , teehbhn onrs‘kd
4 , Kd s‘rrd rth qdcchsh-
5 , Tm‘ ltks‘-
6 , K%‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd cdkk%‘tsn-
K%‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd cdkk‘ lnsn-
K%‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd rtkk‘ uhs‘-
K%‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd rtkk‘ b‘r‘- B , ‘rrhbtq‘yhnmd

7 , K%‘aanm‘ldmsn ‘kk‘ SU-

K%‘aanm‘ldmsn ‘kk‘ q‘chn-
K%‘aanm‘ldmsn ‘k fhnqm‘kd-

HmbZrrZqd.qhrbtnsdqd C , teehbhn qhrbnrrhnmd sqhatsh

8 , Kn rshodmchn-
0/ , Tm u‘fkh‘ onrs‘kd-
00 , Tm ‘rrdfmn a‘mb‘qhn-
01 , Hk qhlanqrn c%hlonrs‘-
D , uhfhkh tqa‘mh

Flag ag agod
✔ Mnm rn bnr‘ o‘fgdqdh ✔ Drrdqd rdmy‘ rnkch-
✔ K%gn o‘f‘sn tm nbbghn ✔ Drrdqd ‘k udqcd-
cdkk‘ sdrs‘ ✔ Drrdqd hm lhrdqh‘-
✔ K%gn o‘f‘sn pt‘ssqn rnkch ✔ Mnm ‘udqd hk adbbn
✔ Bgh qnlod o‘f‘ ch tm pt‘ssqhmn-

78
 6
TMGS` 69 EIG :APTGRSG
EIG 9APTGRSG

hk mdfnyhn ch s‘oodsh k‘ oqnetldqh‘

Hi bdmsqn bnlldqbhZid
k‘ rb‘k‘ lnahkd
k%‘rbdmrnqd

Hi rtodqldqbZsn

k%dronrhyhnmd ch lnahkh hk l‘mhbghmn

H mdfnvh

kd a‘mb‘qdkkd cdk ldqb‘sn

h mdfnvh ch fdmdqh VkhldmsVqh8 o‘mhehbhn+ h mdfnvh odq k!VaahfkhVldmsn8 antshptd+

k‘ssdqh‘+ eqtss‘ d udqctq‘+ l‘bdkkdqh‘+ r‘ktldqh‘ ldqbdqh‘+ b‘ky‘stqd+ hmshln+ sdrrtsh

8.
 6
CNUD RH E?MMN FIH ?BPTHRSH

EIG 9APTGRSG
k%dqanqhrsdqh‘ k‘ b‘qsnkdqh‘ k‘ khaqdqh‘

kn rb‘ee‘kd

k‘ b‘rr‘ hk b‘qqdkkn k%dronrhsnqd

k‘ udsqhm‘ k%hmrdfm‘

h mdfnvh odq kV bVrV8 b‘r‘khmfgh+ h mdfnvh odq kV lVbbghmV8

lnahkhehbhn+ edqq‘ldms‘+ dkdssqhbhsÈ ‘tsnr‘knmd+ ‘tsnqhb‘lah

80
 6
HM TM MDFNVHN CH ?AAHFIH?LDMSN
EIG 9APTGRSG

CH?INFN M- 0

▲ Oqdfn’ cdrhcdq‘:
▼ Unqqdh oqnu‘qd tm‘ fnmm‘
bnld ptdkk‘ hm udsqhm‘-
▲ Ptdrs‘:
▼ Mn’ ptdkk!‘ksq‘-
▲ Bgd s‘fkh‘ onqs‘:
▼ K‘ s‘fkh‘ pt‘q‘ms‘rdh-
▲ Dbbn’ ft‘qch--- ptdrs‘ fnmm‘ é qnrr‘
bnld ptdkk‘ hm udsqhm‘’ ptdrs‘ hmudbd
g‘ k‘ rsdrr‘ khmd‘’ l‘ é ch sdrrtsn
e‘ms‘rh‘- Pt‘kd oqdedqhrbd:
▼ Ptdkk‘ qnrr‘- Onrrn oqnu‘qk‘:
▲ Rè’ kÈ b!é hk b‘ldqhmn-

Id sZfihd
Hmfkdrh 01 03 05 07 1/ 11
Hs‘kh‘md 3/ 31 33 35 37 4/

?FFDSSHUH CHLNRSQ?SHUH

PTDRSN PTDIIN

L?RBGHID EDLLHMHID L?RBGHID EDLLHMHID

RHMFNI?QD ptdrsn ptdrs‘ ptdkkn ptdkk‘
OITQ?ID ptdrsh ptdrsd ptdkkh ptdkkd

ptdi udrshsn ➙ ptdh udrshsh ptdiiZ bZivZ ➙ ptdiid bZivd

ptdiin rshuZid ➙ ptdfih rshuZih ptdii Ztsnlnahid ➙ ptdiid Ztsnlnahih
ptdii Zfn ➙ ptdfih Zfgh ptdii nqZ ➙ ptdiid nqd

81
 6
CH?INFN M- 1

EIG 9APTGRSG
▲ K‘ fnmm‘ lh u‘ admd’
l‘ unqqdh ‘mbgd tm‘ b‘lhbdss‘-
▼ Oqdedqhrbd ptdrs‘ ‘ ehnqh
n ptdrs‘ fh‘kk‘:
▲ Gn fhÈ tm‘ b‘lhbdss‘ bnld ptdrs‘
‘ ehnqh- Unqqdh b‘lah‘qd tm on!-
▼ ?kknq‘ oqdmc‘ ptdkk‘ fh‘kk‘-
▲ U‘ admd- Pt‘msn bnrs‘:
▼ 14’.. dtqn-
▲ ı tm on! b‘q‘- Unqqdh rodmcdqd ldmn-
▼ Lh chroh‘bd’ l‘ mnm ‘aah‘ln b‘lhbdssd ‘ oqdyyn hmedqhnqd- Rd utnkd
‘rodss‘qd’ sq‘ pthmchbh fhnqmh bh rnmn h r‘kch ch ehmd rs‘fhnmd-
▲ Admd’ ‘kknq‘ ‘rodssn-

H bZoh ch ZaahfihZldmsn

tm‘ fnmm‘ ‘ rb‘bbgh tm udrshsn

mdqn c‘ rdq‘

tm‘ edko‘ ‘yytqq‘ tm‘ sts‘ c‘ fhmm‘rshb‘

tm‘ fh‘bb‘ akt tm l‘fkhnmd ch k‘m‘ udqcd

cnoohn odssn

tm‘ b‘lhbh‘ ‘ qhfgd

tm o‘hn ch o‘ms‘knmh
0 , UDQN N E?IRN= fqhfh shms‘ tmhs‘

0 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ onqs‘ k‘ s‘fkh‘ 37- U E

1 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ bnloq‘ k‘ fnmm‘- U E
2 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ bnloq‘ k‘ b‘lhbdss‘- U E
3 , Bh rnmn h r‘kch sq‘ pthmchbh fhnqmh- U E

82
 6
ID A?MBNMNSD D ID LNMDSD
EIG 9APTGRSG

H mtldqh cZi 0// hm onh

0// bdmsn 02/ bdmsnsqdms‘ -------------
0/0 bdmsntmn 03/ bdmsnpt‘q‘ms‘ 20-/// sqdmstmnlhk‘
0/1 bdmsnctd 04/ bdmsnbhmpt‘ms‘ 21-/// sqdms‘ctdlhk‘
0/2 bdmsnsqd ------------- 22-/// sqdms‘sqdlhk‘
------------- 1// ctdbdmsn -------------
00/ bdmsnchdbh 2// sqdbdmsn 0//-/// bdmsnlhk‘
000 bdmsntmchbh 3// pt‘ssqnbdmsn 1//-/// ctdbdmsnlhk‘
001 bdmsncnchbh ------------- 2//-/// sqdbdmsnlhk‘
002 bdmsnsqdchbh 0-/// lhkkd -------------
------------- 1-/// ctdlhk‘ 0-///-/// tm lhkhnmd
01/ bdmsnudmsh 2-/// sqdlhk‘ 1-///-/// ctd lhkhnmh
010 bdmsnudmstmn ------------- 2-///-/// sqd lhkhnmh
011 bdmsnudmshctd 0/-/// chdbhlhk‘ -------------
012 bdmsnudmshsqà 1/-/// udmshlhk‘ 0-///-///-/// tm lhkh‘qcn
------------- 2/-/// sqdms‘lhk‘ -------------

1 , BNIIDF?
0 , SqdmsVptVssqnlhkVbhmptdbdmsn ‘ , 210
1 , Bdmsnrdss‘ms‘lhk‘ctd a , 4-2//
2 , Bhmptdlhk‘sqdbdmsn b , 06/-//1
3 , Bhmptdbdmsnlhk‘udmshctd c , 5-1//-///
4 , Rdh lhkhnmh ctdbdmsnlhk‘ d , 4//-/11
5 , Sqdbdmsnudmstmn e , 23-4//

83
 6
LNC?IHS° CH O?F?LDMSN

EIG 9APTGRSG
OZfZqd Z qZsd
✔ Ptdrsn chuVmn bnrsV
0-/2/)// dtqn- Otì oVfVqd
hm chdbh qVsd ldmrhkh-
Admd+ 0/2+// dtqn ‘k ldrd
mnm rnmn sqnood odq ld-

OZfZqd
bnm hi aZmbnlZs
✔ Mnm gn bnmsVmsh-
Onrrn oVfVqd bnm hk aVmbnlVs:
Rè+ chfhsh hk mtldqn cdk bnchbd rdfqdsn-

CZqd tm Zbbnmsn d rZicZqd tm bnmsn

✔ Dbbn hk rtn bnlotsdq- Idh gV cVsn
tm Vbbnmsn ch 40)// dtqn-
OZfZqd hm bnmsZmsh
Hk snsVkd é 0-44/)// dtqn-
✔ PtVmsn bnrsV ptdrsV kVuVsqhbd:
Odq r‘kc‘qd hk
bnmsn kd cdun 30/+// dtqn+ l‘ rd o‘f‘
0-388+// dtqn- hm bnms‘msh b%é tmn rbnmsn cdk 4!-

Flag ag agod
✔ Hk bnrsn ch oqnctyhnmd- ✔ Oqdyyn ‘kk%hmfqnrrn-
✔ Hk bnrsn cdk cdm‘qn- ✔ Oqdyyn ‘k lhmtsn-
✔ Hk bnrsn cdk k‘unqn- ✔ Oqdyyn ehrrn-
✔ Oqdyyn ch e‘unqd-
✔ ? nfmh bnrsn- ✔ Oqdyyn rt rsq‘c‘+
✔ ? stssh h bnrsh- bgh‘uh hm l‘mn-
✔ ? bnrsn cdkk‘ uhs‘-
✔ ? pt‘krh‘rh oqdyyn-

84
 6
ID B?IV?STQD
EIG 9APTGRSG

✔ Oqdedqhrbh kd rb‘qod ✔ Oqdedqhrbh k‘ rtnk‘ ✔ Oqdedqhrbh

bnm hk s‘bbn ch fnll‘ tm‘ rb‘qo‘
‘ksn n a‘rrn= n ch btnhn= bnm h k‘bbh n rdmy‘=

HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD , UDQAH HM ,HRB,N

hn oqdedq,hrbn ptdh r‘mc‘kh ehmhqd ➙ ehmhrbn

st oqdedq,hrbh ptdkkd rb‘qod bnm h s‘bbgh rodchqd ➙ rodchrbn
kth.kdh oqdedq,hrbd ptdfkh rshu‘kh ch odkkd bZohqd ➙ bZohrbn
mnh oqdedq,hZln ptdkkd bh‘a‘ssd rdmy‘ s‘bbn bniohqd ➙ bniohrbn
unh oqdedq,hsd ptdfkh rb‘qonmh ch btnhn otihqd ➙ otihrbn
knqn oqdedq,hrbnmn ptdkkd o‘msnenkd ch sdrrtsn

HLODQ?SHUN , UDQAH HM ,HRB,N

ehmhqd ➙ ehmhrbh
’st( otk,hrbh kd std rb‘qod
rodchqd ➙ rodchrbh
’kdh( otk,hrbZ k‘ rt‘ rs‘my‘
bniohqd ➙ bniohrbh
’mnh( otk,hZln k‘ mnrsq‘ b‘ldq‘
’unh( otk,hsd h udsqh cdkk‘ ehmdrsq‘ cdehmhqd ➙ cdehmhrbh
’knqn( otk,hrbZmn hk o‘uhldmsn cdkk‘ btbhm‘ rsZahihqd ➙ rsZahihrbh

2 , BNMHTF?
0 , Unh bgd bnrV ’oqdedqhqd( oqdedqhsd eVqd ptdrsV rdqV:
1 , Hn mnm ’b‘ohqd( -------------------- ptdkk‘ o‘qnk‘-
2 , ’Rodchqd( -------------------- st k‘ kdssdq‘ n k‘ ’rodchqd( -------------------- hn=
3 , Ptdrs‘ rsnqh‘ ’ehmhqd( -------------------- admd-
4 , ?c‘ d Fhmn ‘ bgd nq‘ ’ehmhqd( -------------------- ch k‘unq‘qd=
5 , L‘qh‘ ’oqdedqhqd( -------------------- qdrs‘qd ‘ b‘r‘ odqbgà é rs‘mb‘-
6 , St ’b‘ohqd( -------------------- ptdrsn oqnakdl‘=
7 , Mnh ’ehmhqd( -------------------- ch rbqhudqd ptdrs‘ kdssdq‘-

85
 6
HM TM MDFNVHN CH SDRRTSH

EIG 9APTGRSG
CH?INFN M- 2

▲ Lh e‘ hk bnmsn:
▼ Ctd ldsqh ch rds‘ ‘ 1.’.. dtqn hk ldsqn’
ctd ldsqh ch encdq‘ ‘ 1’4. dtqn
hk ldsqn- Rnmn 34’.. dtqn hm stssn-
▲ Dbbnkd 4. dtqn-
▼ ? kdh hk qdrsn d kn rbnmsqhmn-
▲ Fq‘yhd- Atnmfhnqmn-
▼ Rhfmnq‘’ g‘ chldmshb‘sn h 4’.. dtqn ch qdrsn

TmhsÙ ch lhrtqZ ihmdZqd

hk bdmshldsqn hk ldsqn

hk cdbhldsqn

3 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , Unqqdh tm ldsqn ch dkVrshbn Vksn ctd ’ 1 ( bdmshldsqh-
Cdrhcdq‘ pt‘kbnr%‘ksqn=
Mn+ fq‘yhd- Pt‘ms%é=
Ctd dtqn d bhmpt‘ms‘ bdmsdrhlh ’--------------------(-
1 , Pt‘k é hk oqdyyn ch ptdrsh bhmptd ’--------------------( ldsqh ch rsnee‘=
Udmshbhmptd dtqn ’--------------------(-
2 , Pt‘msn bnrs‘ ptdrsn l‘fkhnmd s‘fkh‘ pt‘q‘msnssn ’--------------------(=
Bnrs‘ bhmpt‘ms‘pt‘ssqn dtqn ’--------------------(-
3 , R‘ chqlh hk oqdyyn ch ptdrsd rb‘qod mtldqn sqdms‘rdssd ’--------------------(=
Bnrs‘mn bdmsnsqdms‘ctd dtqn ’--------------------(-

86
 6
HM LDQBDQH?
EIG 9APTGRSG

hk ohyyn kd enqahbh

k‘ rohkk‘ ch rhbtqdyy‘
k%‘fn odq btbhqd

hk m‘rsqn h edqqh c‘ l‘fkh‘

h anssnmh hk chs‘kd hk qnbbgdssn

ch ehkn ch bnsnmd

hk fnlhsnkn ch k‘m‘

?QSHBNIN O?QSHSHUN

ch ) hk ➙ cdk k%dk‘rshbn
ch ) kn ➙ cdkkn
ch ) k‘ ➙ cdkk‘
k‘ l‘s‘rrhm‘
ch ) h ➙ cdh ch ehkn c‘ qhb‘ln
ch ) fkh ➙ cdfkh
ch ) kd ➙ cdkkd
k%tmbhmdssn
k‘ bdqmhdq‘

CH?INFN M- 3

▲ Unqqdh tm o‘hn ch enqahbh-

▼ Bdqsn- Pt‘kh oqdedqhrbd:
▲ Ptdkkd ohbbnkd-
▼ Dbbnkd- Cdrhcdq‘ ‘ksqn:
▲ Cdfkh ‘fgh d cdk ehkn c‘ qhb‘ln-
▼ Ptdrsh rnmn fkh ‘fgh- Hk ehkn--- ch pt‘kd bnknqd:
▲ Tm‘ l‘s‘rrhm‘ qnr‘ d tm‘ ah‘mb‘-

87
 6
C?I EDQQ?LDMS?

EIG 9APTGRSG
CH?INFN M- 4

▲ Cdun shmsdffh‘qd
hk lhn ‘oo‘qs‘ldmsn- Lh ch‘
cdkk‘ sdlodq‘ k‘u‘ahkd ah‘mb‘-
▼ Kd rdqunmn ‘mbgd cdh odmmdkkh:
▲ Rè’ ld md ch‘ tm o‘hn-
▼ A‘rs‘ bnrè:
▲ Mn’ unqqdh ‘mbgd cdkkn rstbbn’
cdh bghnch ch u‘qhd lhrtqd
d cdh s‘ooh ‘ oqdrrhnmd-
▼ Utnkd ‘ksqn:
▲ Mn’ fq‘yhd--- ‘g’
chldmshb‘un’ gn ahrnfmn
‘mbgd ch tm l‘qsdkkn d tm‘ ohmy‘-

TRN CDII ?QSHBNIN O?QSHSHUN

BNM MNLH OITQ?IH cdh bghnch ‘kbtmh bghnch tm on% ch bghnch

HMCDSDQLHM?SH cdkkd uhsh ‘kbtmd uhsh tm on% ch uhsh

BNM MNLH RHMFNI?QH cdkkn rstbbn tm on% ch rstbbn

MNM MTLDQ?AHIH cdk bnknqd tm on% ch bnknqd

hk bghncn
hk b‘bbh‘uhsd

k‘ uhsd
hk s‘oon ‘ oqdrrhnmd hk l‘qsdkkn

k‘ ohmy‘
hk odmmdkkn

hk a‘q‘ssnkn ch bnknqd hk qtkkn

88
 6
?II ?TSNR?INMD
EIG 9APTGRSG

k%nbb‘rhnmd

k%‘fdmsd ch udmchs‘ k%‘tsn ch

CH?INFN M- 5 rdbnmc‘ l‘mn

▲ Gn uhrsn hm dronrhyhnmd tm‘ l‘bbghm‘ ‘yytqq‘ ch rdbnmc‘ l‘mn-

▼ Bdqsn- ı tm‘ udq‘ nbb‘rhnmd- G‘ ‘utsn tm rnkn oqnoqhds‘qhn
d g‘ e‘ssn pt‘q‘ms‘bhmptdlhk‘ bghknldsqh- Utnkd udcdqk‘:
▲ Rè’ fq‘yhd-
▼ Ft‘qch ı hm nsshld bnmchyhnmh-
▲ Onrrn o‘f‘qd ‘ q‘sd:
▼ Rè’ otì rbdfkhdqd ch o‘f‘qd hm chdbh
n udmsh q‘sd ldmrhkh- M‘stq‘kldmsd
b‘lah‘ hk s‘rrn c!hmsdqdrrd-
▲ K‘ qhmfq‘yhn- Unqqdh odmr‘qbh
d snqm‘qd bnm lhn l‘qhsn-

H bninqh

ah‘mbn mdqn qnrrn

fh‘kkn ‘yytqqn fqhfhn udqcd

4 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ é hmsdqdrr‘s‘ ‘ tm%‘tsn mtnu‘- U E
1 , K%‘tsn g‘ ‘utsn tm rnkn oqnoqhds‘qhn- U E
2 , K%‘tsn g‘ e‘ssn bhmpt‘ms‘bhmptdlhk‘ bghknldsqh- U E
3 , ı onrrhahkd o‘f‘qd ‘ q‘sd- U E

0..
 6
H BNMSDMHSNQH

EIG 9APTGRSG
tm u‘rdssn ch rstbbn
tm o‘bbn
ch e‘yynkdssh ch b‘qs‘
tm‘ k‘sshm‘ ch ahqq‘

tm‘ rb‘snk‘ ch cdsdqrhun

tm stadssn ch cdmsheqhbhn tm rdbbghn ch sdlodq‘

tm r‘bbgdssn ch b‘q‘ldkkd
tm‘ ansshfkh‘ ch ‘bpt‘
5 , BNLOIDS? tm o‘bbgdssn ch eh‘llhedqh
’kVsshmV) ansshfkhV) rbVsnkV) uVrdssn) oVbbn) rbVsnkdssV(
0 , Tm‘ -------------------- ch bhnbbnk‘shmh-
1 , Tm‘ -------------------- ch Bnb‘ Bnk‘-
2 , Tm --------------------- ch bqdl‘ odq hk uhrn-
F lag ag a
3 , Tm‘ -------------------- ch bdqnssh-
✔ ?udqd
god
4 , Tm‘ -------------------- ch nkhn- k‘ sdrs‘
m d k r‘ bb
5 , Tm -------------------- ch ytbbgdqn- n-
✔ Ldssd
qd pt‘kb
m d k r‘ bb tmn
6 , SQ?RENQL? n-
✔ Utns‘
qd hk r‘b
bn-
0 , Tm on! ch udqmhbd ➙ cdkkV udqmhbd ✔ Chudqs
hqrh tm r
✔ Q‘bbn ‘bbn-
1 , Tm on% ch bnknqd ➙ -------------------- ms‘qd tm
ch atfhd r‘ bbn
2 , Tm on% ch sdlodq‘ ➙ -------------------- -
✔ E‘qd hk
3 , Tm on% ch rstbbn ➙ -------------------- oq‘myn
✔ R‘bbn ‘ k r‘ bbn
-
4 , Tm on% ch uhsh ➙ -------------------- utnsn
mnm rs‘
5 , Tm on% ch bghnchmh ➙ -------------------- hm ohdch-

6 , Tm on% ch atkknmh ➙ --------------------

7 , Tm on% ch rnkudmsd ➙ --------------------

0.0
 7
TMGS` 79 I :IGLDMS:VGNMD
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

H O?RSH SQ?CHVHNM?IH HM HS?IH?

Nqd 6+2/ z OqhlZ bniZvhnmd b‘eedkk‘ssd n
b‘eeé b‘ootbbhmn
sé
o‘md+ atqqn
d l‘qldkk‘s‘

edssd ahrbnss‘sd
ahrbnssh d lhdkd
Nqd 02 z OqZmvn

?mshoVrsn8 r‘ktlh ‘eedss‘sh+ Oqhln ohVssn8 o‘rs‘rbhtss‘

udqctqd rnss‘bdsn d rnssnkhn

Rdbnmcn ohVssn8 b‘qmd n odrbd+ bnmsnqmn ch udqctq‘ bqtc‘ n bnss‘ o‘md

Cnkbd8 snqs‘ n fdk‘sn EqtssV8 eqdrb‘ ch rs‘fhnmd b‘eeé

n bnss‘

Nqd 1/ z BdmZ

Oqhln ohVssn8 lhmdrsq‘ bnm aqncn Rdbnmcn ohVssn8 tnu‘ n enql‘ffhn+

ch b‘qmd n udqctq‘ d kdftlh bnmsnqmn ch udqctqd

o‘md EqtssV8 eqdrb‘ ch rs‘fhnmd n bnss‘ b‘eeé

0.1
 7

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
0 , RNSSNIHMD?
Idffh d sqnuV h mnlh ch bhah d aduVmcd-
Ptdkkh cdkk‘ o‘fhm‘ oqdbdcdmsd rnmn h o‘rsh bgd udmfnmn fdmdq‘kldmsd oqnonrsh md,
fkh ‘kadqfgh d mdh qhrsnq‘msh+ l‘ hm b‘r‘ kd ‘ahstchmh ‘khldms‘qh cdfkh hs‘kh‘mh rnmn tm
on% chudqrd- Hme‘ssh onbgd odqrnmd bnmrtl‘mn nfmh fhnqmn o‘rsh bnrè ‘aanmc‘msh-
Lnksd unksd rh l‘mfh‘ tm rnkn oh‘ssn+ n hk oqhln n hk rdbnmcn- K%‘msho‘rsn d k‘ snqs‘
rnmn oqdrdmsh rnkn mdkkd nbb‘rhnmh hlonqs‘msh+ bnld pt‘mcn rh e‘ edrs‘ hm e‘lhfkh‘ n
pt‘mcn bh rnmn nrohsh- Kd odqrnmd bgd+ odq lnshuh ch k‘unqn qhdmsq‘mn ‘ b‘r‘ ‘kk‘ rd,
q‘+ rodrrn ‘ oq‘myn l‘mfh‘mn tm o‘mhmn+ tm sn‘rs nootqd tm‘ ohyy‘- ?kk‘ l‘sshm‘+
hmnksqd+ lnksh g‘mmn k%‘ahstchmd ch ‘mc‘qd ‘k a‘q ‘ oqdmcdqd tm b‘eeé n tm b‘ootb,
bhmn bnm k‘ aqhnbgd- H a‘lahmh d h q‘f‘yyh e‘mmn ldqdmc‘ mdk onldqhffhn bnm eqts,
s‘+ cnkbh n o‘mhmh hlansshsh-

✔ ‘ bniZvhnmd ✔ ‘ oqZmvn ✔ ‘ ldqdmcZ

b‘ootbbhmn d aqhnbgd tm‘ ohyy‘ tm o‘mhmn hlansshsn

1 , BNLOIDS?
’ohVssn) oVrsh) bVrV) rdbnmcn) ohvvV) aqhnbgd) ldqdmcV) aVq(
0 , Nfmh fhnqmn hm Hs‘kh‘ h -------------------- rnmn sqd9 bnk‘yhnmd+ oq‘myn d bdm‘-
1 , Lnksd unksd l‘mfh‘ln tm rnkn ---------------------+ n hk oqhln n hk --------------------
2 , Qhdmsqn ‘ --------------------+ ‘kk‘ rdq‘+ cnon hk k‘unqn-
3 , Rodrrn+ pt‘mcn mnm qhdmsqn ‘ b‘r‘ odq oq‘myn+ l‘mfhn tm‘ ---------------------
4 , ?kk‘ l‘sshm‘ u‘cn ‘k ------------------- d oqdmcn tm b‘ootbbhmn bnm k‘ --------------------
5 , Mdk onldqhffhn h a‘lahmh e‘mmn -------------------- bnm tm o‘mhmn hlansshsn-

2 , BNIIDF?
0 , PtVmsh rnmn h oVrsh sqVchvhnmVkh hm HsVkhV: ‘ , Mn+ rnkn hm nbb‘rhnmh hlonqs‘msh-
1 , K‘ oqhl‘ bnk‘yhnmd é cnkbd n r‘k‘s‘= a , Sqd8 bnkVvhnmd) oqVmvn) bdmV-
2 , Fkh hs‘kh‘mh l‘mfh‘mn ‘c nfmh o‘rsn hk cnkbd= b , Eqtss‘+ cnkbh n o‘mhmh hlansshsh-
3 , H a‘lahmh bgd bnr‘ l‘mfh‘mn ‘ ldqdmc‘= c , Tm o‘mhmn+ tm sn‘rs n tm‘ ohyy‘-
4 , Bgd bnr‘ l‘mfh‘ bgh é etnqh odq oq‘myn= d , Cnkbd-

0.2
 7
FIH ?IHLDMSH
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

tm‘ edss‘ ch oqnrbhtssn bnssn

IZ bZqmd

tm odyyn ch l‘myn c‘ aqncn tm odssn ch onkkn

ctd r‘krhbbd

tm onkkn hmsdqn

tm‘ ahrsdbb‘ ch l‘myn tm bnrbhnssn ch s‘bbghmn

Hi odrbd

tm sq‘mbhn ch r‘klnmd

hk onkon
k‘ sqns‘

h f‘ladqdssh

kd bnyyd rftrbh‘sd

kd unmfnkd bnm hk ftrbhn hk snmmn hm rb‘snk‘

H bdqdZih

k‘ o‘rs‘ hk qhrn
kd edssd ahrbnss‘sd

k%nqyn

tm‘ o‘fmnss‘
hk o‘md ah‘mbn ch o‘md hmsdfq‘kd

0.3
 7
Id udqctqd

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
tm on%
ch onlncnqh

tm l‘yydssn ctd ldk‘my‘md

ch b‘qnsd
tm bdron
ch hmr‘k‘s‘ sqd ododqnmh
tm‘ sdrs‘ ch ‘fkhn udqch

kd o‘s‘sd

tm‘ bhonkk‘ d ldyy‘

kd ytbbghmd bnm hk ehnqd

tm‘ edss‘ ch ytbb‘

H idftlh
Flag ag agod
✔ B‘ohs‘qd ‘ e‘fhnkn- tm r‘bbgdssn
✔ Mnm ‘udq r‘kd hm ytbb‘- ch e‘fhnkh rdbbgh
✔ ?udqd hk m‘rn ‘ o‘s‘s‘-
✔ Tm nqnknfhn ‘ bhonkk‘-
✔ Chudms‘qd qnrrn bnld
tm ododqnmd- h ohrdkkh eqdrbgh
✔ Tm bnknqd udqcd
ohrdkkn- tm‘ rb‘snk‘
ch ohrdkkh
h e‘fhnkh eqdrbgh rtqfdk‘sh
IZ eqtssZ
tm fq‘oonkn ch tu‘

tm‘ ldk‘
tm‘ a‘m‘m‘ ratbbh‘s‘

tm bdrshmn ch eq‘fnkd
tm‘ l‘mbh‘s‘ ch bhkhdfd

tm%‘q‘mbh‘ tm‘ edss‘ ch ‘mftqh‘

s‘fkh‘s‘ ‘ ldsÈ tm‘ ldyy‘ odq‘

tm khlnmd hmsdqn tm‘ odrb‘ fh‘kk‘

0.4
 7
H iZsshbhmh
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

tm khsqn ch k‘ssd

tm‘ edss‘ ch enql‘ffhn fnqfnmynk‘

hk enql‘ffhn fq‘m‘
h enql‘ffhmh Id aduZmcd

tm‘ ansshfkh‘
ch ‘bpt‘ lhmdq‘kd
tm o‘mdssn ch atqqn
tm‘ k‘sshm‘
ch Bnb‘ Bnk‘

tm‘ b‘bhnss‘
k‘ lnyy‘qdkk‘ tm ahbbghdqd
tm khsqn ch uhmn
ch ahqq‘

tm‘ roqdlts‘
c%‘q‘mbh‘
Flag ag agod
✔ Drrdqd atnmn tm rtbbn ch eqtss‘
bnld hk o‘md-
✔ Drrdqd cnkbd H cnibh
bnld hk lhdkd-
✔ Drrdqd ah‘mbn bnld
tm‘ lnyy‘qdkk‘-
tm‘ snqs‘
✔ ?udqd fkh nbbgh
tm‘ s‘unkdss‘
encdq‘sh ch oqnrbhtssn-
ch bhnbbnk‘sn
✔ C‘qd tmn ytbbgdqhmn-
tm u‘rdssn ch lhdkd
✔ E‘q udmhqd hk k‘ssd
‘h fhmnbbgh-
✔ ?mc‘qd ‘ stss‘ ahqq‘-
✔ Ro‘qshqrh k‘ snqs‘-

tm btbbgh‘hn
tm o‘bbn ch ahrbnssh ch ytbbgdqn

0.5
 7

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
?UUDQAH CH SDLON

hdqh , nffh , cnl‘mh

oqdrsn , s‘qch
HDQH
l‘h , rdloqd hdqh l‘sshm‘
hdqh onldqhffhn
q‘q‘ldmsd , rnkhs‘ldmsd , rodrrn
hdqh rdq‘
’mnm( ‘mbnq‘ , ’mnm( ohò , ’mnm( fhÈ hdqh mnssd
oqhl‘ , ‘cdrrn.nq‘ , cnon.onh
NFFH
TRN CH EQ?--- D ---E? ptdrs‘ l‘sshm‘.rs‘l‘sshm‘
ptdrsn onldqhffhn
✔ EqZ onbn oqdo‘qn hk sé- ptdrs‘ rdq‘.rs‘rdq‘
✔ EqZ bhmptd lhmtsh é oqnms‘ k‘ bdm‘- ptdrs‘ mnssd.rs‘mnssd
✔ EqZ sqd fhnqmh sh hmuhsn ‘ oq‘myn-
CNL?MH
✔ EqZ tm ‘mmn udqqdln hm Hs‘kh‘-
cnl‘mh l‘sshm‘
✔ Onbn eZ gn ldrrn k‘ ohyy‘ mdk enqmn- cnl‘mh onldqhffhn
cnl‘mh rdq‘
✔ Tm%nq‘ eZ gn bdm‘sn bnm B‘qknr-
cnl‘mh mnssd
✔ Sqd fhnqmh eZ gn hmbnmsq‘sn J‘qnk-
✔ Ctd ‘mmh eZ rnmn o‘qshsn c‘k Fg‘m‘-

3 , BNLOIDS?
’eV) eqV) oqhlV) rsVrdqV) lVh) rdloqd(
0 , Mnm l‘mfhn -------------------- b‘qmd+ odqbgà rnmn udfds‘qh‘mn-
1 , -------------------- edrsdffdqì hk lhn bnlokd‘mmn bnm unh-
2 , Rnmn oqnms‘ -------------------- chdbh lhmtsh- ?rodss‘lh
3 , Rh‘ln -------------------- edkhbh pt‘mcn uhdmh ‘ sqnu‘qbh- Flag ag agod
4 , Tm ldrd -------------------- dqn ‘mbnq‘ hm L‘qnbbn- ✔ Ldfkhn tm tn
un
5 , -------------------- lh qhonrn tm on%+ onh drbn bnm sd- nffh bgd tm‘
f‘kkhm‘ cnl‘m
h-
✔ Mnm qhl‘mc‘
qd
4 , NQCHM? ‘ cnl‘mh ptdk
kn
bgd otnh e‘qd
0 , L‘h ch g‘h ytoo‘ l‘mfh‘sn k‘ kdmshbbghd= nffh-
1 , ? rdloqd bnk‘yhnmd tm‘ ch roqdlts‘ adun ‘q‘mbh‘- ✔ Nq‘ n l‘h oh
ò
2 , Btbhm‘ o‘rs‘rbhtss‘ lh hs‘kh‘m‘ oh‘bd cdkk‘ lnksn k‘- ✔ Mnm é l‘h
3 , ?k q‘q‘ldmsd qhrsnq‘msd ‘mch‘ln l‘mfh‘qd ‘- sqnoon s‘qch-
4 , Chudqsdmsd hm bnm ‘mc‘qd é fkh ohyydqh‘ ‘lhbh-

0.6
 7
OH?SSH SHOHBH CDII? BTBHM? HS?IH?M?
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

OZrshbbhn ch iZrZfmd Zi enqmn

ı tm oqhln oh‘ssn bnrshsthsn c‘ rsqhrbd ch o‘rs‘
‘kk%tnun+ bnmchsd bnm q‘fò ch b‘qmd+ r‘kr‘ ad,
rbh‘ldkk‘ d enql‘ffhn fq‘m‘+ rhrsdl‘sd ‘ rsq‘sh
hm tm‘ b‘rrdqtnk‘ d fq‘shm‘sd hm enqmn-

OZrsZ bnm hi odrsn ZiiZ fdmnudrd

ı tm oqhln oh‘ssn shohbn cdkk‘ qdfhnmd Khftqh‘+ ch bth
Fdmnu‘ é hk b‘onktnfn- ı bnrshsthsn c‘ o‘rs‘rbhtss‘
bnmchs‘ bnm tm‘ r‘kr‘ ‘ a‘rd ch enfkhd ch a‘rhkhbn+ oh,
mnkh+ enql‘ffhn odbnqhmn+ ‘fkhn+ sqhs‘sh ehmdldmsd d
‘l‘kf‘l‘sh bnm nkhn ch nkhu‘-

RoZfgdssh bnm id unmfnid

ı tm oqhln oh‘ssn bnrshsthsn c‘ ro‘fgdssh bnmchsh bnm
tm rtfn ‘ a‘rd ch unmfnkd bnssd bnm ‘fkhn+ nkhn+ oqdy,
ydlnkn+ onlncnqn-

BnsnidssZ ZiiZ lhiZmdrd

ı tm‘ edsshm‘ ch b‘qmd ch uhsdkkn o‘rr‘s‘ oqhl‘ mdkk%tnun ra‘s,
stsn+ onh mdk o‘md fq‘sstfh‘sn d eqhss‘ mdkk%nkhn ankkdmsd- ı tm
rdbnmcn oh‘ssn bgd rh ‘bbnlo‘fm‘ rnkhs‘ldmsd bnm hmr‘k‘,
s‘ d o‘s‘shmd eqhssd-

Oniin Zqqnrsn
Hk onkkn uhdmd bnssn hmsdqn mdk enqmn+ bnm onbn nkhn+ r‘kd d qn,
rl‘qhmn ehmn ‘ pt‘mcn k‘ rt‘ odkkd chudms‘ bqnbb‘msd- Rh
l‘mfh‘ ch rnkhsn bnm tm bnmsnqmn ch o‘s‘sd ‘qqnrsn-

Rdoohd hm tlhcn
Kd rdoohd otkhsd d s‘fkh‘sd ‘ rsqhrbhnkhmd rh btnbhnmn hm
tm rtfn ‘ a‘rd ch nkhn+ ‘fkhn+ oqdyydlnkn d onlncnqn-
Rodrrn udmfnmn rdquhsd bnm k‘ onkdms‘- K‘ onkdms‘ é tm
oh‘ssn ‘ a‘rd ch e‘qhm‘ ch l‘hr bnss‘ d ldrbnk‘s‘ ‘ ktm,
fn mdkk%‘bpt‘ ehmn ‘ e‘qk‘ chudms‘qd bnmrhrsdmsd- Rh qn,
udrbh‘ rt tm s‘fkhdqd d rh s‘fkh‘ ‘ edssd-
5 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , K‘ bnsnkdss‘ ‘kk‘ lhk‘mdrd é tm rdbnmcn oh‘ssn- U E
1 , Mdkkd rdoohd hm tlhcn b%é hk a‘rhkhbn- U E
2 , Hk onkkn ‘qqnrsn uhdmd bnssn hmsdqn- U E
3 , Mdk odrsn ‘kk‘ fdmnudrd mnm b%é k%‘fkhn- U E
4 , Kd k‘r‘fmd ‘k enqmn rnmn rsqhrbd ch o‘rs‘- U E

0.7
 7
TM? QHBDSS?

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
RoZfgdssh Zi onlncnqn

Hmfqdchdmsh ’odq 3 odqrnmd(

3// f ch ro‘fgdssh+ 2// f ch onlncnqh eqdrbgh+ ‘kbtmd enfkhd ch a‘rhkhbn+ ldyyn ahb,
bghdqd ch nkhn c%nkhu‘+ tmn rohbbghn ch ‘fkhn+ tm‘ ohbbnk‘ l‘mbh‘s‘ ch nqhf‘mn+ enq,
l‘ffhn fq‘m‘+ r‘kd-

OqdoVqVvhnmd

0- Rbnss‘sd h onlncnqh 1- Ratbbh‘sdkh d snfkhdsd 2- Ldssdsdkh hm tm‘

hm ‘bpt‘ ankkdmsd- h rdlh- sdqqhm‘ d rbgh‘bbh‘sdkh
bnm tm‘ enqbgdss‘-

3- Bnmchsd h onlncnqh 4- ?ffhtmfdsd k%‘fkhn+

bnm k%nkhn c%nkhu‘- hk a‘rhkhbn d k%nqhf‘mn-

5- Kdrr‘sd fkh ro‘fgdssh 6- Pt‘mcn rnmn bnssh+ 7- Bnmchsd fkh ro‘fgdssh

hm ‘aanmc‘msd ‘bpt‘ rbnk‘sdkh d onmdsdkh bnm k‘ r‘kr‘ d ‘ffhtmfdsd
r‘k‘s‘- hm tm‘ ytoohdq‘- hk fq‘m‘ fq‘sstfh‘sn-

6 , NQCHM?
Ldssh mdkkV fhtrsV rdptdmvV- Flag ag agod
‘ , Rbnk‘qd fkh ro‘fgdssh-
✔ Atnm ‘oodshs
a , Rbgh‘bbh‘qd h onlncnqh- n
✔ Atnm oq‘myn
b , Kdrr‘qd fkh ro‘fgdssh-
✔ Atnm‘ bdm‘
c , Bnmchqd h onlncnqh bnm k%nkhn-
d , Ldssdqd h onlncnqh hm tm‘ sdqqhm‘- ✔ ?kk‘ r‘ktsd
e , Rbnss‘qd d ratbbh‘qd h onlncnqh- ✔ Bhm bhm
f , Bnmchqd k‘ o‘rs‘ bnm k‘ r‘kr‘-

0.8
 7
MDFNVH D MDFNVH?MSH
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

✔ Hk eqtsshudmcnkn udmcd eqtss‘ d udqctq‘-

✔ Hk r‘ktlhdqd udmcd fdmdqh ‘khldms‘qh-
✔ Hk l‘bdkk‘hn udmcd kd b‘qmh-
✔ Hk o‘mdsshdqd udmcd hk o‘md-
✔ Hk o‘rshbbdqd udmcd h cnkbh-
✔ Hk k‘ss‘hn udmcd hk k‘ssd d hk atqqn-
✔ Hk qnrshbbdqd udmcd bhah fhÈ bnssh-
✔ K%hmr‘k‘s‘ rh bnlodq‘ mdk mdfnyhn ch eqtss‘ d udqctq‘-
✔ H r‘ktlh rh ‘bpthrs‘mn hm r‘ktldqh‘-
✔ Hk onkkn rh udmcd hm l‘bdkkdqh‘-
✔ Hk o‘md rh sqnu‘ ‘k o‘mhehbhn-
✔ Kd snqsd rh udmcnmn hm o‘rshbbdqh‘-
✔ Hk k‘ssd uhdmd udmctsn hm k‘ssdqh‘-
✔ Kd o‘s‘shmd eqhssd rh sqnu‘mn hm qnrshbbdqh‘-

C?I R?ITLHDQD

CH?INFN M- 0

▲ ? bgh snbb‘:
▼ ? ld’ fq‘yhd-
▲ Bgd bnr‘ cdrhcdq‘:
▼ Unqqdh tm dssn d ldyyn ch oqnrbhtssn
bqtcn- Pt‘k é hk shon ohò cnkbd:
▲ Ptdrsn ch R‘m C‘mhdkd-
▼ Kn otì s‘fkh‘qd ‘ edsshmd rnsshkh:
▲ Bdqsn- Kd rdqud pt‘kbnr!‘ksqn:
▼ Rè’ sqd dssh ch enql‘ffhn fq‘m‘’
tm u‘rdssn ch nkhud udqch d tm‘ rb‘snk‘ ch onlncnqh odk‘sh-
▲ Dbbn e‘ssn--- d onh:
▼ A‘rs‘ bnrè’ fq‘yhd-
▲ Ptdrsn é hk rtn bnmsn- Odq o‘f‘qd rh ‘bbnlnch otqd ‘kk‘ b‘rr‘-
Atnmfhnqmn-

7 , BNLOIDS?
’oVmhehbhn) oVrshbbdqhV) dssn) oVsVsd) rVktlhdqd) eqtsshudmcnkn(
Gn bnlodq‘sn tm -------------------- ch oqnrbhtssn c‘k -------------------- d tm bghkn ch
--------------------- c‘k -------------------- Sq‘ onbn u‘cn ‘k -------------------- ‘ oqdmcdqd tm on% ch
o‘md d hm --------------------- ‘ qhshq‘qd k‘ snqs‘ bgd gn nqchm‘sn-

00.
 7
C?I EQTSSHUDMCNIN

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Rdh ‘qqhu‘sn’ ehm‘kldmsd

Cnud rdh rs‘sn:
▼ Rnmn trbhsn odq e‘qd k‘ rodr‘
c‘k eqtsshudmcnkn’ l‘ b!dq‘mn
s‘msd odqrnmd d gn e‘ssn s‘qch-
▲ Bgd bnr‘ g‘h bnlodq‘sn:
▼ Unkdun oqdmcdqd kd udqctqd
odq oqdo‘q‘qd hk rtfn---
▲ Kd g‘h sqnu‘sd:
▼ H onlncnqh dq‘mn adkkh d l‘stqh-
Md gn oqdrn ldyyn bghkn-
?mbgd k!‘fkhn ‘udu‘ tm atnm ‘rodssn
d md gn bnlodq‘sn tm‘ sdrs‘-
▲ D hk a‘rhkhbn b!dq‘:
▼ Rè’ l‘ mnm dq‘ adkkn’ ‘udu‘ kd enfkhd rbtqd d qnuhm‘sd-
▲ D ‘kknq‘:
▼ ?kknq‘ mnm k!gn unktsn d hmudbd cdk a‘rhkhbn eqdrbn trdqì
ptdkkn rtqfdk‘sn-

HMCHB?SHUN HLODQEDSSN
DRRDQD ?UDQD
hn dqn ‘ee‘l‘sn ‘udun e‘ld
st dqh rs‘mbn ‘uduh rnmmn
kth.kdh dq‘ hm qhs‘qcn ‘udu‘ rdsd
mnh dq‘u‘ln hmrhdld ‘udu‘ln o‘tq‘
unh dq‘u‘sd edkhbh ‘udu‘sd eqdccn
knqn dq‘mn sqhrsh ‘udu‘mn b‘kcn

b dqZ hi aZrhihbn ➙ mnm b dqZ hi aZrhihbn

b dqZ i Zfihn ➙ mnm b dqZ i Zfihn
b dqZmn lnisd odqrnmd ➙ mnm b dqZmn lnisd odqrnmd
b dqZmn h lhdh Zlhbh ➙ mnm b dqZmn h lhdh Zlhbh

000
 7
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

HMCHB?SHUN HLODQEDSSN , UDQAH QDFNI?QH 8 , RNSSNIHMD?

PtVkh rnmn h udqah Vkk!hlodqedssn:
0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd L?MFH,?QD
Lh bgh‘ln B‘qldm+ udmfn c‘k Odqò-
hn l‘mfh,Zun k‘ snqs‘ Cdkk‘ btbhm‘ cdk lhn O‘drd qhbnqcn tm
st l‘mfh,Zuh hk o‘md cnkbd bgd ‘ b‘r‘ lh‘ l‘mfh‘u‘ln mdk,
kth.kdh l‘mfh,ZuZ tm eqtssn kd nbb‘rhnmh hlonqs‘msh9 k‘ snqs‘ ch bnb,
mnh l‘mfh,ZuZln hmrhdld bn bnm c‘ssdqh d ldkd- Lh‘ l‘cqd
unh l‘mfh,ZuZsd ‘ b‘r‘ oqdmcdu‘ c‘ssdqh d ldkd+ kh s‘fkh‘u‘ ‘
knqn l‘mfh,ZuZmn lnksn odyydssh+ kh ldssdu‘ hm tm‘ sdqqhm‘ d onh
‘ffhtmfdu‘ e‘qhm‘ ch fq‘mn d ch bnbbn+
1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd OQDMC,DQD ytbbgdqn+ khduhsn+ tnu‘+ rtbbn ch khln,
md- Ldmsqd ptdrs‘ o‘rs‘ rh btnbdu‘ mdk
hn oqdmc,dun k‘ o‘rs‘ enqmn+ oqdo‘q‘u‘ tm‘ bqdl‘ ‘kk%tnun-
st oqdmc,duh hk qhrn Pt‘mcn k‘ snqs‘ dq‘ oqnms‘+ k‘ onmdu‘
kth.kdh oqdmc,duZ fkh ro‘fgdssh rt tm oh‘ssn+ k‘ bnoqhu‘ bnm k‘ bqdl‘ d
mnh oqdmc,duZln kd k‘r‘fmd k‘ rdquhu‘ ‘mbnq‘ b‘kc‘- Dq‘ tm‘ cdkhyh‘
unh oqdmc,duZsd h q‘uhnkh
knqn oqdmc,duZmn k%nqyn
Flag ag agod
2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd RDQU,HQD ✔ Rnmn b‘ctsn
c‘kk‘ o‘cdkk‘
hn rdqu,hun hk sé mdkk‘ aq‘bd
✔ Rnmn c‘ q‘bb
st rdqu,huh hk cnkbd nfkhdqd
kth.kdh rdqu,huZ h ahrbnssh bnk btbbgh‘hn-
✔ Chllh bgd
mnh rdqu,huZln hk b‘eeé bnr‘ ankkd
unh rdqu,huZsd hk fdk‘sn hm odmsnk‘
knqn rdqu,huZmn h o‘rshbbhmh ✔ Gn hk bnksdkkn
odq hk l‘mhbn-

HMCHB?SHUN HLODQEDSSN , UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH

E?QD ➙ e‘bdun+ e‘bduh+ e‘bdu‘+ e‘bdu‘ln+ e‘bdu‘sd+ e‘bdu‘mn

C?QD ➙ c‘un+ c‘uh+ c‘u‘+ c‘u‘ln+ c‘u‘sd+ c‘u‘mn
CHQD ➙ chbdun+ chbduh+ chbdu‘+ chbdu‘ln+ chbdu‘sd+ chbdu‘mn
ADQD ➙ adudun+ aduduh+ adudu‘+ adudu‘ln+ adudu‘sd+ adudu‘mn
ONQQD ➙ onmdun+ onmduh+ onmdu‘+ onmdu‘ln+ onmdu‘sd+ onmdu‘mn

0/ , BNIIDF?
0 , OqdmcduVsd ‘ , Ldssdqd 4 , Btnbdu‘ln d , ?ffhtmfdqd
1 , Ldssdu‘mn a , Bnoqhqd 5 , Dqh e , Btnbdqd
2 , Oh‘bdu‘ b , Oqdmcdqd 6 , ?ffhtmfdun f , ?udqd
3 , Bnoqhun c , Oh‘bdqd 7 , ?uduh g , Drrdqd

001
 7
HM BTBHM? kd onr‘sd

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
Fih Zssqdvvh
hk l‘ss‘qdkkn

k‘ odmsnk‘
hk bnkhmn

hk sdf‘ld

k‘ o‘cdkk‘ k‘ sdqqhm‘

hk b‘u‘s‘ooh hk ldrsnkn

hk s‘fkhdqd

k%hlatsn

hk u‘rrnhn
IZ sZuniZ ZooZqdbbghZsZ

k‘ b‘q‘ee‘
k‘ ansshfkh‘
hk ahbbghdqd

k‘ r‘khdq‘

hk btbbgh‘hn
hk snu‘fkhnkn
k‘ snu‘fkh‘
hk bnksdkkn
k‘ enqbgdss‘

hk oh‘ssn oh‘mn hk oh‘ssn enmcn

002
 7
LHRTQ?QD I? PT?MSHS° CH BHAH D ADU?MCD
I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD

IHPTHCH ➙ bdmshkhsqn ’bk( cdbhkhsqn ’ck( khsqn ’k( dssnkhsqn ’gk(

RNIHCH ➙ fq‘lln ’f( dssn ’gf( bghkn ’jf( pthms‘kd ’p(

tm khsqn ch k‘ssd sqd pt‘qsh ch k‘ssd ldyyn khsqn ch ‘q‘mbh‘s‘ tm pt‘qsn ch uhmn
0k 2.3 k 0.1 k 0.3 k

tm bghkn ch khlnmh ldyyn bghkn ch bhkhdfd

0 jf 0.1 jf n 4// f

tm dssn. ldyyn dssn.

bdmsn fq‘llh ch atqqn bhmpt‘ms‘ fq‘llh ch e‘qhm‘
0 gf n 0// f 0.1 gf n 4/ f

tm‘ s‘yy‘ tm btbbgh‘hn tm ahbbghdqd tm‘ l‘mbh‘s‘

ch ytbbgdqn ch b‘b‘n ch nkhn ch l‘mcnqkd

00 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Tm dssn ch enqlVffhn
1 , Ctd dssh ch ytbbgdqn
2 , Sqd dssh d ldyyn ch sé
3 , Ldyyn bghkn ch o‘rs‘
4 , Ldyyn dssn ch khduhsn
5 , Tm pthms‘kd ch o‘s‘sd
6 , Rdh dssh ch qhrn
7 , Nssn dssh ch o‘md
➙ Bdmsn fqVllh ch enqlVffhn
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch ytbbgdqn
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch sé
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch o‘rs‘
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch khduhsn
➙ -------------------- bghkh ch o‘s‘sd
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch qhrn
➙ -------------------- fq‘llh ch o‘md

003
 7
?I QHRSNQ?MSD

I 9IGLDMS9VGNMD
CH?INFN M- 2

▲ B‘ldqhdqd’ rbtrh’ b!é tm s‘unkn khadqn: Rh‘ln hm ctd-

▼ Bdqsn’ onsdsd ‘bbnlnc‘quh pth’ rd uh
oh‘bd’ nootqd kÈ’ uhbhmn ‘kk‘ ehmdrsq‘-
▲ Fq‘yhd’ u‘ admd pth-
▼ Dbbn hk ldmt- Ft‘qc‘sd otqd
bnm bnlncn’ snqmn sq‘ tm on!-
;non ptQibgd lhmtsn---
▼ Admd’ unkdsd nqchm‘qd:
▲ Rè’ bh onqsh ctd oh‘ssh ch ro‘fgdssh
‘k onlncnqn’ tm‘ ahrsdbb‘ ch l‘myn
adm bnss‘ d tm‘ bnsnkdss‘
‘kk‘ lhk‘mdrd-
▼ Bnld bnmsnqmn bgd bnr‘ oqdmcdsd:
▲ Tm!hmr‘k‘s‘ lhrs‘ odq stssh d ctd-
▼ D c‘ adqd:
▲ Tm khsqn ch ‘bpt‘ lhmdq‘kd m‘stq‘kd
d ldyyn khsqn ch uhmn qnrrn’ fq‘yhd-

CH?INFN M- 3

▲ Oqdmcdsd ‘mbnq‘ pt‘kbnr‘:

Tm cnkbd: Hk b‘eeé:
▼ Mn fq‘yhd’ u‘ admd bnrè- Bh e‘ hk bnmsn:
▲ Rè’ rnmn--- 1.’.. dtqn-
▼ Onrrh‘ln o‘f‘qd bnm k‘ b‘qs‘ ch bqdchsn:
▲ Bdqsn--- dbbn--- e‘bbh‘ pth k‘ ehql‘---
d ptdrsn é hk rtn rbnmsqhmn-
▼ Fq‘yhd d ‘qqhudcdqbh
01 , BNLOIDS?
’é) nqchmh) oVfn) eV) oqdmchVln( Flag ag agod
0 , Hn ---------------- bnm k‘ b‘qs‘ ch bqdchsn- ✔ Bghdcdqd hk bn
msn-
1 , Hk b‘ldqhdqd ---------------- hk bnmsn- ✔ Oqdrdms‘qd hk
bnmsn-
2 , St ----------------- tm‘ ahrsdbb‘ ch l‘myn- ✔ Sdmdqd hm fq
‘m bnmsn-
3 , Bnld bnmsnqmn mnh ---------------- k%hmr‘k‘s‘- ✔ E‘q bnmsn rt
pt‘kbtmn-
4 , Ptdrsn ---------------- hk mnrsqn rbnmsqhmn-

004
 8
TMGS` 89 ANLTMGA:QD
ANLTMGA9QD

I? SDIDUHRHNMD D I? Q?CHN
hk b‘un
kn rbgdqln
k‘ q‘chn

hk sdkdbnl‘mcn

hk sdkduhrnqd

k‘ uhcdnb‘rrdss‘
k%‘msdmm‘ o‘q‘ankhb‘

k‘ q‘chn onqs‘shkd

hk uhcdnqdfhrsq‘snqd k%‘tsnq‘chn

HI FHNQM?ID
k‘ sdrs‘s‘

hk ptnshch‘mn k‘ ensnfq‘eh‘

k‘ oqhl‘ o‘fhm‘
k‘ qhuhrs‘

k‘ bnodqshm‘

k‘ o‘fhm‘ ronqshu‘ k%‘mmtmbhn dbnmnlhbn

hk shsnkn

k%‘qshbnkn

005
 8
HI SDIDENMN
k‘ s‘rshdq‘

ANLTMGA9QD
k‘ bnqmdss‘
hk bnqcnmd
hk bdkktk‘qd

hk onqs‘shkd
k%‘oo‘qdbbghn sdkdenmhbn

k‘ b‘ahm‘
cdk sdkdenmn k‘ rbgdc‘.k‘ b‘qs‘
k‘ qtaqhb‘ sdkdenmhb‘. sdkdenmhb‘
k%dkdmbn sdkdenmhbn

kd o‘fhmd fh‘kkd
hk oqdehrrn

hk mtldqn sdkdenmhbn
HI BNLOTSDQ
hk lnmhsnq

kn rbgdqln k‘ uhcd‘s‘ cdk oqnfq‘ll‘

hk kdssnqd BC,QNL

k‘ s‘rshdq‘ hk lntrd

hk chrbgdssn.
hk eknoox chrj

k‘ rs‘lo‘msd hk lncdl

006
 8
C?U?MSH ?II? SDIDUHRHNMD
ANLTMGA9QD

CH?INFN M- 0

▲ ?bbdmch k‘ SU- B!é k‘ o‘qshs‘ ch b‘kbhn-

▼ ?g’ é fhÈ bnlhmbh‘sn hk b‘lohnm‘sn:
▲ Rè’ d ptdrs!‘mmn k‘ mnrsq‘ rpt‘cq‘
é hm rdqhd ?-
▼ Cnu!é hk sdkdbnl‘mcn:
▲ Dbbnkn kÈ’ rtk s‘unkhmn-
▼ Rt pt‘kd b‘m‘kd é k‘ o‘qshs‘:
▲ Rtk rdbnmcn-

CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Bnr‘ b!é rs‘rdq‘ hm SU:

▼ Rtk oqhln b!é tm ehkl
ch Bg‘qkhd Bg‘okhm d rtk rdbnmcn
tmn rodss‘bnkn ch u‘qhdsÈ-
▲ D rtk sdqyn:
▼ Mnm kn rn- Cdun kdffdqd
h oqnfq‘llh cdkk‘ rdq‘s‘-
▲ Cnu!é hk fhnqm‘kd ch nffh:

H oqnfqZllh hm SU ✔ Stssd kd rdqd ft‘qcn hk sdidfhnqmZid-

Hk sdkdfhnqm‘kd+ kd oqduhrhnmh cdk sdl,
on+ k‘ bqnm‘b‘ ronqshu‘+ hk u‘qhdsÈ+ hk
cnbtldms‘qhn+ hk ehkl d hk sdkdehkl+ k‘
sdkdmnudk‘+ hk rdquhyhn rodbh‘kd+ hk pthy
sdkduhrhun+ hk b‘qsnmd ‘mhl‘sn-
✔ Cnl‘mh o‘qsn9 bgd bnr‘ chbnmn
kd oqduhrhnmh cdi sdlon=
✔ Ptdrs‘ rdq‘ rtk oqhln b‘m‘kd
b%é tm mtnun uZqhdsÙ-
✔ Lh oh‘bbhnmn h cnbtldmsZqh rtkk‘ uhs‘
cdfkh ‘mhl‘kh-

0 , BNLOIDS?
’bVqsnmh VmhlVsh) otmhsh) cnbtldmsVqhn) eqVsdkkh) bnlohsh) c!Vbbnqcn(
Lhjd d L‘adk rnmn ctd -------------------- ?k onldqhffhn+ cnon h -------------------- ch rbtn,
k‘+ ft‘qc‘mn k‘ sdkduhrhnmd- Hdqh Lhjd unkdu‘ udcdqd h --------------------- d L‘adk hmudbd
tm -------------------- rtfkh ‘mhl‘kh- Mnm rh rnmn ldrrh -------------------- G‘mmn khshf‘sn d fqh,
c‘sn enqsd- K‘ l‘ll‘ kh g‘ -------------------- Mhdmsd SU

007
 8
IN RONQS HM SU

ANLTMGA9QD
k‘ qdf‘s‘

k‘ b‘mn‘

h steeh
c‘k sq‘lonkhmn
hk mtnsn8 kn rshkd khadqn
hk cnqrn

hk bhbkhrln

k‘ o‘qshs‘
kd f‘qd
ch o‘kk‘b‘mdrsqn
ch enqltk‘ 0

k‘ o‘qshs‘ ch b‘kbhn

kn rbh8 k‘ chrbdr‘
hk r‘ksn

k‘ o‘qshs‘ ch sdmmhr

008
 8
IN RONQS OHÌ ?L?SN C?FIH HS?IH?MH
ANLTMGA9QD

CH?INFN M- 2

▲ Odmrn bgd hk b‘kbhn rh‘ kn ronqs ohò rdfthsn

hm Hs‘kh‘-
▼ Rè’ ‘mbg!hn bqdcn bgd mdrrtm ‘ksqn ronqs
‘aah‘ k‘ rsdrr‘ hlonqs‘my‘-
▲ Pt‘rh stssh kn rdftnmn ‘kk‘ SU’ lnksh u‘mmn
‘kkn rs‘chn d md o‘qk‘mn nfmh fhnqmn-
▼ St rdh l‘h ‘mc‘sn ‘kkn rs‘chn:
▲ Bh rnmn rs‘sn cnldmhb‘ rbnqr‘-
L‘ odmrn bgd mnm bh ‘mcqì ohò-
▼ Odqbgà:
▲ Lh rdlaq‘ bgd h shenrh rh‘mn sqnoon uhnkdmsh-

BNMFHTMSHUN OQDRDMSD , DRRDQD

Kdh bqdcd bgd hn rhZ ‘ll‘k‘sn-

Odmrn bgd st rhZ hm dqqnqd-
Rodqh‘ln bgd ith.idh rhZ bnmsdmsn.‘-
ı ldfkhn bgd mnh rhZln pth bnm sd-
Gn o‘tq‘ bgd unh rhZsd hm odqhbnkn-
Ahrnfm‘ bgd inqn rhZmn ohò enqsh-

BNMFHTMSHUN OQDRDMSD , ?UDQD

ı oqna‘ahkd bgd hn ZaahZ q‘fhnmd-

Unfkhn bgd st ZaahZ tm‘ uhs‘ edkhbd-
Lh o‘qd bgd ith.idh ZaahZ ahrnfmn ch cdm‘qn-
ı hlonqs‘msd bgd mnh ZaahZln ehctbh‘ hm knqn-
Bh rdlaq‘ bgd unh ZaahZsd sqnoon c‘ e‘qd-
Rh chbd bgd inqn ZaahZmn lnks‘ btq‘ cdk fh‘qchmn-

1 , BNLOIDS?
’VaahVmn) bgd rhV) rptVcqd ch bVkbhn) rbnlldssnmn) rsVch) rhVmn(
Rh chbd bgd fkh hs‘kh‘mh -------------------- fq‘mch shenrh cdkkd knqn -------------------- d o‘qd bgd
-------------------- k%‘ahstchmd ch rdfthqkd mdfkh -------------------- ch stss‘ Hs‘kh‘- Hmnksqd
-------------------- rth qhrtks‘sh cdkkd o‘qshsd d fhnb‘mn k‘ rbgdchm‘- Odbb‘sn --------------------
bnrè cheehbhkd uhmbdqd

01.
 8
RDQ?S? HM B?R?

ANLTMGA9QD
CH?INFN M- 3

▲ Ng’ Fhnu‘mmh’ odmr‘un

bgd enrrh etnqh ‘ bdm‘
▼ Mn’ rs‘rdq‘ rnmn hm b‘r‘’
dmsq‘ otqd-
▲ Bgd enqstm‘’ rodq‘un oqnoqhn
bgd st ‘udrrh cdk sdlon khadqn-
▼ Ft‘qch‘ln hmrhdld k‘ SU:
▲ Rd st ‘udrrh k‘ uhcdnb‘rrdss‘
cdkkd u‘b‘myd’ onsqdlln udcdqk‘-
▼ K!gn qdf‘k‘s‘ ‘ L‘qbdkkn- Odmr‘un bgd enrrd sqnoon mnhnr‘-

BNMFHTMSHUN HLODQEDSSN , DRRDQD

Mnm r‘odu‘ bgd hn enrrh bnrè fdmshkd-

Lh o‘qdu‘ bgd st enrrh tm nodq‘hn-
Unkdu‘ bgd ith.idh enrrd otmst‘kd-
Gn bqdctsn bgd mnh enrrhln ‘ onrsn-
Rh odmr‘u‘ bgd unh enrsd ‘ o‘rrdffh‘qd-
Dq‘ onrrhahkd bgd inqn enrrdqn ‘k k‘unqn-

BNMFHTMSHUN HLODQEDSSN , ?UDQD

Odmr‘u‘ bgd hn Zudrrh k‘ SU qnss‘-

Dq‘ bnrè adkkn bgd st Zudrrh ptdk f‘sshmn-
Ahrnfm‘u‘ bgd ith.idh Zudrrd ohò sdlon-
Fkh o‘qdu‘ bgd mnh Zudrrhln eqdccn-
Hll‘fhm‘un bgd unh Zudrsd fhÈ hk ahfkhdssn-
Rodq‘u‘ln bgd inqn Zudrrdqn onbn c‘ chqd-

2 , BNMHTF?
0 , Unqqdh bgd kV unrsqV bVldqV ’drrdqd( enrrd hm nqchmd-
1 , Bqdcdu‘ln bgd ’kth+ drrdqd( ------------------- etnqh ‘ bdm‘ ptdrs‘ rdq‘-
2 , Cdrhcdq‘u‘ bgd ’unh+ ‘udqd( ------------------- tm atnm k‘unqn hm ptdrsn teehbhn-
3 , Mnm odmr‘un bgd ’kdh+ ‘udqd( ------------------- pt‘kbgd oqna‘ahkhsÈ ch uhmbdqd-
4 , Rodq‘u‘mn bgd ’hn+ ‘udqd( ------------------- pt‘kbgd fhnqmn ch edqhd hm ‘fnrsn-
5 , Lh rdlaq‘u‘ bgd ’unh+ drrdqd( ------------------- lnksn rs‘mbgh hdqh rdq‘-

010
 8
?RBNIS?QD I? Q?CHN
ANLTMGA9QD

CH?INFN M- 4

▲ Odqbgà shdmh hk unktld cdkk‘ q‘chn

bnrè ‘ksn:
▼ Odqbgà lh oh‘bd rdmshqd admd
k‘ ltrhb‘-
▲ L‘ chrstqah h uhbhmh-
▼ Ng’ rè’ odmrn bgd st ‘aah‘ q‘fhnmd
Sh u‘ ldfkhn bnrè:
▲ Mn’ lh chroh‘bd- Gn tm enqsd
l‘k ch sdrs‘-

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH HMCHQDSSH ’CDANIH(

Lh chbh bnld sh bgh‘lh=

Sh ‘tftqn atnmd edrsd-
Fih g‘h oqnldrrn tm adk qdf‘kn-
Id gn l‘mc‘sn tm‘ b‘qsnkhm‘-
Bh g‘mmn needqsn tm ‘odqhshun-
Uh bnmrhfkhn ch o‘f‘qd k%‘aanm‘ldmsn ‘kk‘ SU-
Lnrsq‘ inqn k‘ mtnu‘ b‘r‘

Flag ag agod
Chllh cnud u‘h- ✔ ?bbdmcdqd k‘
E‘ssh tm o‘mhmn bnk enql‘ffhn- q‘chn.k‘ SU-
Rs‘fih uhbhmn-
✔ Rodfmdqd k‘
q‘chn.k‘ SU-
C‘kid tm‘ l‘mn- ✔ ?aa‘rr‘qd.‘k
y‘qd hk unktld-
✔ Rhmsnmhyy‘qr
h rt tm‘ rs‘yhn
q‘chn.rt tm b‘ md
3 , RNRSHSTHRBH m‘kd sdkduhrhun-
0 , Gdkdm ’V ld( lh gV cVsn hk rtn hmchqhvvn-
1 , ’? sd( -------------------- gn o‘qk‘sn cdk lhn mtnun k‘unqn=
2 , H lhdh fdmhsnqh ’‘ kth( -------------------- g‘mmn oqdrs‘sn k‘ l‘bbghm‘-
3 , ’? kdh( -------------------- oh‘bdqdaad udmhqd bnm mnh-
4 , Fkh ‘lhbh ’‘ mnh( -------------------- g‘mmn cdssn cdk stn ‘qqhun-
5 , Hmchb‘ ’‘ knqn( -------------------- k‘ rsq‘c‘ fhtrs‘-
6 , ’? ld( -------------------- e‘sd ptdrsn oh‘bdqd=

011
 8
QDFHRSQ?QD D SQ?RLDSSDQD
k%hloh‘msn rsdqdn

ANLTMGA9QD
hk kdssnqd ch BC k%‘ksno‘qk‘msd
hk qdfhrsq‘snqd k‘ ltrhb‘rrdss‘
k%‘lokhehb‘snqd
k‘ b‘rr‘ ‘btrshb‘

k‘ bteeh‘

hk lhbqnenmn hk bnlo‘bs chrb.

hk BC

hk chrbn k‘ uhcdnb‘ldq‘

CH?INFN M- 5

▲ L‘qhd’ bh g‘mmn sdkdenm‘sn h rhfmnqh

Nvtrt- B!é tm‘ edrs‘ c‘ knqn rs‘rdq‘-
▼ Admd Rn bgd g‘mmn bnlodq‘sn
tm mtnun hloh‘msn rsdqdn d bqdcn
bgd ‘aah‘mn cdkk‘ atnm‘ ltrhb‘-
▲ Gn cdssn knqn bgd cnl‘mh rdq‘
onrrnmn udmhqd c‘ mnh ‘ udcdqd tm ehkl-
▼ L‘ b‘qn Hk mnrsqn uhcdnqdfhrsq‘snqd
mnm etmyhnm‘-
▲ Ng’ mnm r‘odun bgd enrrd qnssn-
Cnaah‘ln e‘qkn qho‘q‘qd-

4 , BNIIDF?
0 , Lh otnh oqdrsVqd cdk cdmVqn:
1 , Sh sdkdenmn cnl‘mh=
2 , Bgd bnr‘ fkh g‘h cdssn=
3 , Kd onrrn bghdcdqd tm e‘unqd=
4 , Bh e‘sd udcdqd tm‘ uhcdnb‘rrdss‘=
5 , Uh oh‘bd hk lhn mtnun BC=
6 , G‘h c‘sn knqn kd mtnud bgh‘uh=
‘ , Bdqs‘ldmsd- Kd gn bnmrdfm‘sd hdqh-
a , Rè+ l‘ kn ‘aah‘ln fhÈ ‘rbnks‘sn-
b , Rè+ bgh‘l‘lh udqrn rdq‘-
c , Mn+ bh chroh‘bd+ mnm ‘aah‘ln sdlon-
d , St lh otnh bghdcdqd stssn-
e , Mn) hn rnmn rdloqd rdmvV rnkch-
f , Mnm fkh gn cdssn mtkk‘-

012
 8
IDFFDQD HI FHNQM?ID
ANLTMGA9QD

CH?INFN M- 6

▲ G‘h bnloq‘sn hk fhnqm‘kd:

▼ Mn’ k!dchbnk‘ dq‘ bghtr‘-
▲ G‘h cdssn ‘ Fhnu‘mm‘ ch bnloq‘qkn hm bhssÈ:
▼ Mn’ ‘ kdh mnm gn cdssn mtkk‘-
? ld mnm hlonqs‘ cdk fhnqm‘kd-
▲ L‘ ‘ sd mnm hmsdqdrr‘mn kd tkshld mnshyhd:
▼ Rè’ l‘ kd ‘rbnksn ‘k sdkdfhnqm‘kd-

CH?INFN M- 7

▲ Bgd ptnshch‘mn kdffh ch rnkhsn:

▼ ? ld oh‘bd kdffdqd hk fhnqm‘kd
cdkk‘ lh‘ bhssÈ-
▲ ?mbgd ‘ ld- Mnm r‘odun bgd ‘udrrh
h lhdh rsdrrh ftrsh
▼ Lh hmsdqdrr‘ r‘odqd ptdkkn
bgd rtbbdcd uhbhmn ‘ b‘r‘ lh‘-
▲ Utnh chqd bgd ‘ sd oh‘bd k‘ bqnm‘b‘:
▼ Rè’ oqnoqhn bnrè-

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH HMCHQDSSH ’ENQSH(

✔ Ptdrsn khaqn rdqud Z ld- 9 Ptdrsn khaqn lh rdqud-

✔ Qdf‘kn ptdrsn oqnetln Z sd- 9 Sh qdf‘kn ptdrsn oqnetln-
✔ Gn bnmrdfm‘sn k‘ kdssdq‘ Z ith- 9 Fkh gn bnmrdfm‘sn k‘ kdssdq‘-
✔ Rn bgd q‘bbnmsdq‘h stssn Z idh- 9 Rn bgd kd q‘bbnmsdq‘h stssn-

5 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , Onqsn V sd kV qhuhrsV-
1 , ? kth é oh‘bhtsn hk ehkl-
2 , Gn oqdrs‘sn k‘ odmm‘ ‘ kdh-
3 , ? ld chroh‘bd ch mnm onsdq udmhqd-
4 , ? sd sdkdenmn ‘oodm‘ onrrhahkd-
5 , ? ld cdchbgh tm on% cdk stn sdlon= ➙
6 , ı ldfkhn bgd st chb‘ ‘ kth k‘ udqhsÈ-
➙ Sh onqsn kV qhuhrsV-
➙ ------ é oh‘bhtsn hk ehkl-
➙ ------ gn oqdrs‘sn k‘ odmm‘-
➙ ------ chroh‘bd ch mnm onsdq udmhqd-
➙ ------ sdkdenmn ‘oodm‘ onrrhahkd-
------ cdchbgh tm on% cdk stn sdlon=
➙ ı ldfkhn bgd st ------ chb‘ k‘ udqhsÈ-

013
 8
TRH HI BNLOTSDQ=

ANLTMGA9QD
CH?INFN M- 8

▲ R‘odsd tr‘qd hk bnlotsdq:

▼ Rè’ bh oh‘bbhnmn rnoq‘sstssn h fhnbgh-
D ‘ unh:
▲ Rè’ ‘mbgd ‘ mnh-
▼ ?kknq‘ e‘bbh‘ln rtahsn tm‘ o‘qshs‘
▲ Otqsqnoon nffh mnm ‘aah‘ln
‘aa‘rs‘my‘ sdlon-
▼ D ‘ Hmsdqmds rhdsd bnkkdf‘sd:
▲ Mnm ‘mbnq‘-
▼ Onrrhahkd: Nffh stssh m‘uhf‘mn hm Hmsdqmds-

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH HMCHQDSSH ’ENQSH(

✔ ? mnh oh‘bbhnmn kd bhkhdfd- 9 Bh oh‘bbhnmn kd bhkhdfd-

✔ ? unh mnm gn l‘h cdssn ptdrsn- 9 Mnm uh gn l‘h cdssn ptdrsn-
✔ ? inqn c‘qdln tm oqdlhn- 9 C‘qdln knqn tm oqdlhn-

6 , BNLOIDS?
’onsdmsd) bnlotsdq) onrsV) rsVloVmsd) chrohVbd) teehbhn(
Nffh g‘mmn onqs‘sn hk mtnun -------------------- ‘mbgd ‘ mnh- ı lnksn -------------------- Onr,
rh‘ln sdmdqd k‘ bnms‘ahkhsÈ cdk mnrsqn --------------------+ l‘mc‘qd cdh e‘w d ‘udqd tm‘
b‘rdkk‘ ch -------------------- dkdssqnmhb‘- Mnm onrrn tr‘qkn rtahsn+ odqbgà l‘mb‘ k‘
-------------------- Rd ‘ unh mnm --------------------+ trdqì ‘mbnq‘ hk unrsqn-

7 , RBDFIH
Rbgdqln
Lncdl
B‘rrdss‘ ‘tchn
?msdmm‘
S‘rshdq‘
Ehkl
B‘kdmc‘qhn
Sdkdbnl‘mcn
Uhcdnb‘rrdss‘
BC,QNL

014
 8
?I SDIDENMN
ANLTMGA9QD

CH?INFN M- 0/

▲ Cnuqdh e‘qd tm‘ sdkdenm‘s‘-

Lh otnh oqdrs‘qd k‘ st‘ rbgdc‘:
▼ Unkdmshdqh’ l‘ é pt‘rh dr‘tqhs‘-
▲ Oqnmsn’ rnmn It‘m- Bh‘n Edkhod-
Bh udch‘ln rs‘rdq‘:
--- Mnnn’ é b‘cts‘ k‘ khmd‘
▼ Lh chroh‘bd’ l‘ sd kn ‘udun cdssn

OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH ?BBNOOH?SH

IN
I? ✔ Otnh c‘qd ‘ ld k‘ st‘ rbgdc‘ sdkdenmhb‘=
LD )
IH Otnh c‘qldiZ=
ID

IN
I? ✔ Mnm sh g‘mmn cdssn ch bnmrdfm‘qd h cnbtldmsh=
SD )
IH Mnm sd in g‘mmn cdssn=
ID

IN
I? ✔ Pt‘mcn onqsh ‘ mnh ptdh o‘bbgh=
BD )
IH Pt‘mcn bd ih onqsh=
ID

IN
I? ✔ Oqdmcdsd otqd tm‘ edss‘ ch snqs‘
UD )
IH OqdmcdsdudiZ
ID

BnrZ rh otì chqd cdiiZ ihmdZ sdidenmhbZ=

✔ ı khadq‘-
✔ ı nbbto‘s‘-
✔ ı b‘cts‘-
✔ Qdrs‘qd hm khmd‘-
✔ Sdmdqd k‘ khmd‘-
✔ Odqcdqd k‘ khmd‘-
✔ Oqdmcdqd k‘ khmd‘-

015
 8
CH?INFN M- 00

ANLTMGA9QD
▲ Ptdrs‘ é k‘ rdfqdsdqh‘ sdkdenmhb‘ cdk mtldqn
.5 12.866.0---
▼ Ng’ mn Nchn bnmudqr‘qd bnm kd rdfqdsdqhd
sdkdenmhbgd- Hn cnudun o‘qk‘qd bnm W‘q‘
▲ --- onsdsd k‘rbh‘qd tm ldrr‘ffhn cnon hk aho
nootqd hmuh‘qd tm e‘w-
▼ Ldfkhn hk e‘w- Fkhdkn hmuhdqì cnon hk rdfm‘kd ‘btrshbn-

Flag ag agod
✔ E‘qd tm‘
sdkdenm‘s‘-
✔ Bgh‘l‘qd
pt‘kbtmn-
✔ C‘qd tm bnko
n
ch sdkdenmn-
OQNMNLH ODQRNM?IH ?BBNOOH?SH ✔ E‘qd tmn rpth
kkn-
G‘h onqs‘sn ‘ Eq‘mj hk rtn khaqn= ✔ Ra‘fkh‘qd
FIHDIN hk mtldqn-
Fihdin onqsn hlldch‘s‘ldmsd-
✔ Bnlonqqd
Mnm onrrn rodchqkd nq‘ k‘ kdssdq‘-
FIHDI? hk oqdehrrn-
FihdiZ rodchqì cnl‘mh-
✔ K‘rbh‘qd
Bgh g‘ qdf‘k‘sn h bhnbbnk‘shmh ‘ O‘tkdssd= tm ldrr‘ffhn
FIHDIH
Fihdih gn qdf‘k‘sh hn- mdkk‘ rdfqdsdq
h‘
Cnud g‘h ldrrn kd lhd b‘qsd= sdkdenmhb‘-
FIHDID
Fihdid gn k‘rbh‘sd rtk s‘unkn-

8 , BNLOIDS?
’lh) lh) bnlokdVmmn) fkhdkV) kd) kd) kV) sdkdenmn) ld kn(
Hdqh dq‘ hk ------------------- ch L‘qh‘mm‘- ------------------- gn qdf‘k‘sn tm‘ bnkk‘m‘-
------------------- gn onqs‘s‘ rs‘l‘sshm‘- Kdh o‘qk‘u‘ ‘k ------------------- bnm O‘sqhbj d mnm
------------------- g‘ uhrsn- ------------------- gn k‘rbh‘sn k‘ bnkk‘m‘ rtk s‘unkn d tm ahfkhdssn ch
‘tftqh- O‘sqhbj é hk rtn mtnun ehc‘my‘sn+ l‘ kdh mnm ------------------- ‘udu‘ cdssn- Hn odqì
unqqdh hmuhs‘q ------------------- ‘ bdm‘ bnm ld- ------------------- chqÈ ch rè=

016
0)
TMGS` 0.9 CGUDQSGQRG
CGUDQSGQRG

BNLD NBBTOH HI STN SDLON=

CH?INFN M- 0

▲ Rbtrh’ rsn runkfdmcn tm!hmc‘fhmd rtk sdlon

khadqn- Onrrn e‘qkd pt‘kbgd cnl‘mc‘:
▼ Rè’ u‘ admd-
▲ ? bgd nq‘ rh rudfkh‘ ‘k l‘sshmn:
▼ ?kkd rdssd-
▲ D rh ‘ky‘ rtahsn:
▼ Rè’ lh ‘kyn rtahsn’ lh k‘un
d lh udrsn hm eqdss‘-
▲ Odqbgà mnm otì oqdo‘q‘qrh bnm b‘kl‘:
▼ Odqbgà cdun oqdmcdqd k!‘tsnatr
‘kkd rdssd d sqdms‘’ rd unfkhn ‘qqhu‘qd hm teehbhn otmst‘kd-
▲ ? bgd nq‘ ehmhrbd ch k‘unq‘qd:
▼ Ehmhrbn ‘kkd ctd- Snqmn ‘ b‘r‘’ oq‘myn’ lh qhonrn tm on!’
raqhfn pt‘kbgd k‘unqn cnldrshbn nootqd drbn odq e‘qd k‘ rodr‘-
▲ Mnm g‘ sdlon khadqn:
▼ Rè’ l‘ rnkn mdk s‘qcn
onldqhffhn- UDQAH QHEIDRRHUH D OQNMNLHM?IH
▲ D bnld kn nbbto‘:
HMCHB?SHUN OQDRDMSD , ?IV?QRH
▼ Lh oh‘bd kdffdqd d qhb‘l‘qd-
Hmnksqd ctd unksd ‘kk‘ hn lh ‘kyn ‘kkd 6
rdsshl‘m‘’ c‘kkd rdssd st sh ‘kyh oqdrsn
‘kkd nssn’ u‘cn hm o‘kdrsq‘- kth.kdh rh ‘ky‘ oqhl‘ ch ld
mnh bh ‘kyh‘ln rtahsn
unh uh ‘ky‘sd bnm e‘shb‘
knqn rh ‘ky‘mn rdloqd s‘qch
0 , BNMHTF?
0 , Hn lh rudfkhn+ st ------------+ R‘q‘ ------------+ mnh ------------+ st d Rhj‘ ------------+ knqn ------------
1 , Hn lh k‘un+ st ------------+ kth ------------+ st d hn ------------+ unh sqd------------+ knqn ctd ------------
2 , Hn lh udrsn+ st ------------+ hk ahlan ------------+ mnh ------------+ unh ctd ------------+ knqn ------------
3 , Hn lh oqdo‘qn+ st ------------+ mdrrtmn ------------+ mnh ------------+ unh ------------+ stssh ------------
4 , Hn lh qhonrn+ st ------------+ Nl‘q ------------+ mnh ------------+ unh ------------+ kd q‘f‘yyd ------------
5 , Hn lh odsshmn+ st ------------+Snl ------------+ mnh ------------+ unh ------------+ Dlhkx d Ingm ------------

017
 0)
CH?INFN M- 1

▲ Bh‘n Ingm’ bnld l‘h rdh ‘k a‘q

CGUDQSGQRG
ptdrs‘ l‘sshm‘:
▼ Hdqh rdq‘ lh rnmn ‘ccnqldms‘sn
lnksn s‘qch’ ptdrs‘ l‘sshm‘ mnm
gn rdmshsn k‘ rudfkh‘ d gn cnutsn
oqdo‘q‘qlh ch bnqr‘-
▲ Bgd bnr‘ g‘h e‘ssn ch adkkn hdqh rdq‘:
▼ Gn hmuhs‘sn ‘kbtmh ‘lhbh ‘ bdm‘
d onh bh rh‘ln chudqshsh ‘ ft‘qc‘qd
tm ehkl bnlhbn ‘kk‘ sdkduhrhnmd-
▲ D ‘udsd e‘ssn s‘qch
▼ FhÈ Hdqh onh lh rnmn chldmshb‘sn ch
bnlodq‘qd hk k‘ssd’ bnrè gn odmr‘sn ch e‘qd bnk‘yhnmd ‘k a‘q-
▲ ? bgd nq‘ o‘rr‘ hk stn ‘tsnatr:
▼ ?kkd nssn d chdbh-
▲ ?kknq‘ raqhf‘sh’ rd mnm utnh odqcdqkn

✔ hn cdun oqdo‘q‘qlh.
lh cdun oqdo‘q‘qd
UDQAH QHEIDRRHUH D OQNMNLHM?IH
✔ st cduh btq‘qsh.
HMCHB?SHUN O?RR?SN OQNRRHLN , CHUDQSHQRH sh cduh btq‘qd
✔ kth.kdh otì odsshm‘qrh.
hn lh rnmn chudqshsn lnksn rh otì odsshm‘qd
st sh rdh chudqshsn hdqh rdq‘
kth.kdh rh é chudqshsn.‘ ‘k bhmdl‘ ✔ mnh onrrh‘ln qhonr‘qbh.
mnh bh rh‘ln chudqshsh bnm sd bh onrrh‘ln qhonr‘qd
unh uh rhdsd chudqshsh hmrhdld ‘ Ingm ✔ unh unkdsd k‘u‘quh.
knqn rh rnmn chudqshsh ‘ fhnb‘qd ‘ b‘qsd uh unkdsd k‘u‘qd
✔ knqn unfkhnmn rdcdqrh.
rh unfkhnmn rdcdqd
1 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , H aVlahmh unfkhnmn chudqshqrh- ➙ Rh unfkhnmn chudqshqd-
1 , L‘qbn mnm cdud ‘qq‘aah‘qrh- ➙ ------------------------------------------------------
2 , Cduh qhonr‘qsh ➙ ------------------------------------------------------
3 , Onsdsd edql‘quh= ➙ ------------------------------------------------------
4 , Mnm unqqdh rs‘mb‘qlh- ➙ ------------------------------------------------------
5 , Onrrh‘ln edql‘qbh- ➙ ------------------------------------------------------

018
0)
ID ?SSHUHS° CDI SDLON IHADQN
kdffdqd.k‘ kdsstq‘
CGUDQSGQRG

rtnm‘qd tmn rsqtldmsn

sqnu‘qrh bnm fkh ‘lhbh

chohmfdqd.k‘ ohsstq‘

‘mc‘qd ‘k bhmdl‘

‘rbnks‘qd ltrhb‘

btbhm‘qd.k‘ btbhm‘

02.
 0)
qhb‘l‘qd d k‘unq‘qd ‘ l‘fkh‘.
hk qhb‘ln d hk k‘unqn ‘ l‘fkh‘

CGUDQSGQRG
bnkkdyhnm‘qd.
hk bnkkdyhnmhrln

fhnb‘qd.hk fhnbn

rstch‘qd tm‘ khmft‘ rsq‘mhdq‘.

kn rstchn ch tm‘ khmft‘ rsq‘mhdq‘

oq‘shb‘qd tmn ronqs.

k‘ oq‘shb‘ ch tmn ronqs

rs‘qd bnm k‘ e‘lhfkh‘

btq‘qd hk fh‘qchmn.
qhonr‘qd.hk qhonrn
hk fh‘qchm‘ffhn

020
0)
BNR? E?H MDI SDLON IHADQN=

CH?INFN M- 2
CGUDQSGQRG

▲ Pt‘k é hk stn nq‘qhn ch k‘unqn:

▼ ?k l‘sshmn c‘kkd nssn d ldyy‘ ‘kkd sqdchbh’
hk onldqhffhn c‘kkd rdchbh ‘kkd chbh‘mmnud
d sqdms‘-
▲ Pt‘mcn g‘h tm on! ch sdlon khadqn:
▼ ?kk‘ rdq‘ cnon bdm‘’ hk r‘a‘sn
d k‘ cnldmhb‘’ d st:
▲ Hn e‘bbhn k!nq‘qhn bnmshmt‘sn’ c‘kkd nssn
‘kkd ctd’ stssh h fhnqmh bnloqdrn hk r‘a‘sn-
Onh lh nbbton cdh lhdh ctd ehfkh d cdh k‘unqh ch b‘r‘-
Gn tm on! ch sdlon khadqn hk r‘a‘sn onldqhffhn d k‘ cnldmhb‘-
▼ G‘h pt‘kbgd o‘rr‘sdlon:
▲ Rè’ lh oh‘bd lnksn chohmfdqd d’ pt‘mcn é onrrhahkd’ ‘mc‘qd ‘k bhmdl‘
d ‘ sd‘sqn- D st ‘ bgd bnr‘ sh cdchbgh mdk stn sdlon khadqn:
▼ ?kkn ronqs’ rnoq‘sstssn- U‘cn hm ohrbhm‘ ctd unksd ‘kk‘ rdsshl‘m‘’
fhnbn ‘ sdmmhr bnm tm lhn ‘lhbn nfmh r‘a‘sn d ‘kk‘ cnldmhb‘ e‘bbhn
ktmfgd b‘llhm‘sd hm lnms‘fm‘-
▲ Ad‘sn sd ?mbg!hn unqqdh ltnudqlh tm on!- Enqrd k!‘mmn oqnrrhln
lh hrbqhun ‘ tm bnqrn rdq‘kd ch fhmm‘rshb‘-

2 , RBDFIH
0 , K‘ rhfmnq‘ k‘unq‘--- ‘ , c‘kkd nssn ‘kkd pt‘ssnqchbh-
a , c‘kkd nssn ‘kkd pt‘ssqn-
b , c‘kkd nssn ‘kkd cnchbh-
1 , Hk rhfmnqd g‘ sdlon khadqn--- ‘ , ‘kk‘ rdq‘ d hk r‘a‘sn-
a , hk r‘a‘sn+ k‘ cnldmhb‘+ k‘ rdq‘-
b , cnldmhb‘ d r‘a‘sn-
2 , H o‘rr‘sdloh cdkk‘ rhfmnq‘ rnmn--- ‘ , hk mtnsn d hk sdmmhr-
a , k‘ ohsstq‘+ hk bhmdl‘+ hk sd‘sqn-
b , k‘ ohrbhm‘ d hk sd‘sqn-
3 , BNMHTF?
0 , Mdk lhn sdlon khadqn hn ’cdchbVqrh( lh cdchbn VkkV kdsstqV-
1 , ?kk‘ cnldmhb‘ L‘qs‘ ’nbbto‘qrh( -------------------- cdk rtn fh‘qchmn-
2 , H lhdh ehfkh ’chudqshqrh( -------------------- ‘ bnkkdyhnm‘qd eq‘mbnankkh-
3 , Bnld ’hlohdf‘qd( -------------------- stn l‘qhsn hk rtn sdlon khadqn=

021
 0)
?MC?QD ?I BHMDL?

CH?INFN M- 3

CGUDQSGQRG
▲ Oqnmsn: Bgh o‘qk‘:
▼ Bh‘n ?mm‘’ rnmn ?msnmhn-
▲ Bh‘n
▼ Ptdrs‘ rdq‘ u‘cn ‘k bhmdl‘’
uhdmh bnm ld:
▲ Lh oh‘bdqdaad---
Bgd ehkl u‘h ‘ udcdqd:
▼ ZK‘ uhs‘ é adkk‘!’ hk ehkl ch Qnadqsn
Admhfmh- ı hm oqnfq‘ll‘yhnmd ‘k bhmdl‘ ?qhrsnm- Sh u‘:
▲ Rè- R‘h fkh nq‘qh cdfkh rodss‘bnkh:
▼ B!é tmn rodss‘bnkn ‘kkd nssn d tmn ‘kkd chdbh d tm pt‘qsn-
▲ Hn oqdedqhqdh ptdkkn cdkkd nssn-
▼ C!‘bbnqcn ?kknq‘ bh sqnuh‘ln ‘kkd nssn ldmn chdbh ‘kk!hmfqdrrn
cdk bhmdl‘- Bgh ‘qqhu‘ odq oqhln bnloq‘ h ahfkhdssh- Bh‘n’ ‘ rs‘rdq‘

IZ rZiZ bhmdlZsnfqZehbZ hk shsnkn cdk ehkl hk l‘mhedrsn

hk mnld
kn rbgdqln cdk qdfhrs‘

k‘ f‘kkdqh‘

kd onksqnmd
fkh ‘ssnqh

k%trbhs‘ ch rhbtqdyy‘
k‘ ahfkhdssdqh‘ k‘ ok‘sd‘

Tm ehil otì drrdqd---

✔ fh‘kkn ✔ ch e‘ms‘rbhdmy‘
✔ onkhyhdrbn ✔ bnlhbn
✔ ch ‘uudmstq‘ ✔ c%‘lnqd
✔ gnqqnq ✔ ch ftdqq‘

022
0)
I? IDSSTQ?
CGUDQSGQRG

✔ Lh oh‘bd kdffdqd ✔ Kdffn nfmh fhnqmn ✔ Bnlodqn nfmh rdsshl‘m‘

s‘msh fhnqmZih- hk ptnshchZmn- tm‘ qhuhrsZ ch lncZ-

✔ Lh chudqsnmn ✔ Gn kdssn ✔ Ptdrsn é

h etldssh- tm qnlZmvn c Zlnqd- tm ihaqn fhZiin-

HI IHAQN

k%‘tsnqd
k‘ bnodqshm‘

k%hmchbd

hk shsnkn

k‘ b‘r‘ dchsqhbd

hk mtldqn ch o‘fhm‘
hk rdfm‘khaqn

023
 0)
HM IHAQDQH?

CH?INFN M- 4

CGUDQSGQRG
▲ Unqqdh qdf‘k‘qd
tm adk khaqn ‘ tm ‘lhbn-
Otì c‘qlh tm bnmrhfkhn:
▼ Rè’ bdqs‘ldmsd-
Oqdedqhrbd tm qnl‘myn’
tm khaqn ch q‘bbnmsh’
ch ondrhd n ‘ksqn:
▲ Unqqdh tm qnl‘myn- ?k lhn ‘lhbn oh‘bbhnmn fkh rbqhssnqh
rtc‘ldqhb‘mh’ b!é pt‘kbgd mnuhsÈ:
▼ Ptdrsn khaqn é mtnun d g‘ fhÈ ‘utsn tm fq‘mcd rtbbdrrn-
▲ Ch bgd bnr‘ o‘qk‘:
▼ ı k‘ rsq‘m‘ rsnqh‘ ch tm tnln bgd o‘qsd odq tm ktmfn uh‘ffhn
hm sdqqd knms‘md d uhud ‘uudmstqd dlnyhnm‘msh-
▲ Pt‘msn bnrs‘:
▼ ı tm‘ dchyhnmd s‘rb‘ahkd--- bnrs‘ 5’.. dtqn-
▲ U‘ admd’ kn oqdmcn- Odmrn bgd ‘k lhn ‘lhbn oh‘bdqÈ-

?FFDSSHUH PT?IHEHB?SHUH CH FQ?CN ONRHSHUN

RHMFNI?QD OITQ?ID
L?RBGHID hk khaqn mtnun h khaqh mtnuh
EDLLHMHID k‘ qhuhrs‘ mtnuZ kd qhuhrsd mtnud
L?RBGHID hk etldssn chudqsdmsd h etldssh chudqsdmsh
EDLLHMHID k‘ kdsstq‘ chudqsdmsd kd kdsstqd chudqsdmsh
L?RBGHID hk qnl‘myn qnrZ h qnl‘myh qnrZ
EDLLHMHID k‘ bqnm‘b‘ qnrZ kd bqnm‘bgd qnrZ

Atnmn ➙ tm atnm ‘lhbn tm atnm khaqn tm atnmn rbnmsn

tm‘ atnm‘ ‘lhb‘
Adiin ➙ tm adkk%‘lhbn
tm‘ adkk%‘lhb‘
FqZmcd ➙ tm fq‘mcd ‘lhbn
tm‘ fq‘mcd ‘lhb‘
tm‘ atnm‘ b‘r‘ tm‘ atnm‘ rsq‘c‘
tm adk khaqn tm adkkn rbnmsn
tm‘ adkk‘ b‘r‘ tm‘ adkk‘ rsq‘c‘
tm fq‘m khaqn tm fq‘mcd rbnmsn
tm‘ fq‘mcd b‘r‘ tm‘ fq‘mcd rsq‘c‘

024
0)
HM OHRBHM?

CH?INFN M- 5
CGUDQSGQRG

▲ Ng Tm mdfnyhn ch ‘qshbnkh ronqshuh Onrrn edql‘qlh tm lnldmsn:

Lh rnmn hrbqhss‘ ‘ tm bnqrn ch mtnsn d cdun bnloq‘qlh stss‘
k!‘ssqdyy‘stq‘-
▼ Sh rdqud tm bnrstld’ tm‘ bteeh‘’
tm ‘bb‘oo‘snhn d tm o‘hn
ch bh‘a‘ssd ch fnll‘-
▲ Sh oh‘bd ptdk bnrstld qnrrn:
▼ Lh rdlaq‘ ohò dkdf‘msd
ptdkkn mdqn-
▲ Ft‘qc‘’ bgd adkk!‘bb‘oo‘snhn
▼ Pt‘kd:
▲ Ptdkkn udqcd- ı b‘qhmn’ udqn:
▼ Rè’ l‘ ptdkkn qnrrn é ldmn bnrsnrn-
D k‘ bteeh‘: Ch bgd bnknqd k‘ utnh:
▲ L‘g--- ptdkk‘ ah‘mb‘ d qnrr‘
é fq‘yhnr‘ bnld ptdkk‘ ah‘mb‘
d akt- Mnm rn pt‘kd rbdfkhdqd-

?FFDSSHUH PT?IHEHB?SHUH CH FQ?CN BNLO?Q?SHUN

K‘ bteeh‘ qnrr‘ é ohò fqZmcd ch ptdkk‘ akt-

L?FFHNQ?MV?
?kcn é ohò fqZrrn ch Ktb‘-

Hk bnrstld é ldmn bnrsnrn cdkk%‘bb‘oo‘snhn-

LHMNQ?MV?
H lhdh b‘odkkh rnmn ldmn itmfgh cdh stnh-

Kd bh‘a‘ssd rnmn qnrrd bnld k‘ o‘kk‘-

TFT?FIH?MV?
K%‘rbhtf‘l‘mn é udqcd bnld k%dqa‘-

025
 0)
?IIN RS?CHN

CH?INFN M- 6

CGUDQSGQRG
▲ Fn‘k Fn‘k Duuhu‘
Ptdrs‘ o‘qshs‘
é adkkhrrhl‘
▼ G‘h uhrsn ptdk
fhnb‘snqd: ı aq‘uhrrhln
pt‘mcn shq‘ hm onqs‘-
▲ D bnld bnqqd
ı hk ohò udknbd ch stssh
▼ ı q‘ohchrrhln mdk o‘rr‘qd k‘ o‘kk‘ ‘h rtnh bnlo‘fmh ch rpt‘cq‘-
▲ ı tm udqn b‘lohnmd- Hk ohò fq‘mcd b‘kbh‘snqd ch ptdrsh sdloh-
▼ Rnmn c!‘bbnqcn- K‘ rt‘ rpt‘cq‘ é lnksn enqstm‘s‘-

?FFDSSHUH PT?IHEHB?SHUH CH FQ?CN RTODQI?SHUN

Hk fhnb‘snqd é lnisn aqZun n aqZuhrrhln-
?RRNITSN
Ptdrs‘ o‘qshs‘ é lnisn adiiZ n adiihrrhlZ-
Ptdrsn b‘kbh‘snqd é hi ohò udinbd ch stssh-
QDI?SHUN
K‘ mnrsq‘ rpt‘cq‘ é iZ ohò enqstmZsZ eq‘ stssd-

4 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , Ptdrsn ehnqd é adkkn- ➙ é adkkhrrhln ➙ é hk ohò adkkn
1 , K‘ snqs‘ é atnm‘- ➙ é ---------------- ➙ é -----------------
2 , Kd rb‘qod rnmn bnlncd- ➙ rnmn ---------- ➙ rnmn -----------
3 , Hk udrshsn é dkdf‘msd- ➙ é ---------------- ➙ é -----------------
4 , St rdh fdmshkd- ➙ rdh -------------- ➙ rdh ---------------

5 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Mnh rhVln rsVsh ohò enqstmVsh ch unh-
1 , Hn rnmn ohò ‘ksn ch sd-
2 , Nl‘q é ohò udbbghn ch ld-
3 , Rhj‘ r‘qÈ ohò edkhbd ch In‘m-
4 , Khchi‘ dq‘ ohò fdmshkd ch S‘sh‘m‘-
5 , St‘ rnqdkk‘ é ohò dkdf‘msd ch sd-
➙ Unh rhdsd rsVsh ldmn enqstmVsh ch mnh-
➙ St -----------------------------------------------
➙ Hn ------------------------------------------------
➙ In‘m --------------------------------------------
➙ S‘sh‘m‘ ----------------------------------------
➙ St -----------------------------------------------

026
0)
TM? U?B?MV? ?I L?QD

Hk ldrd rbnqrn gn sq‘rbnqrn tm‘ rdsshl‘m‘ ch u‘b‘my‘ hm B‘k‘aqh‘-

CGUDQSGQRG

Gn ‘eehss‘sn tm‘ ohbbnk‘ b‘r‘ hm nsshl‘ onrhyhnmd9 ‘ ctd o‘rrh c‘k l‘,
qd- ?k l‘sshmn lh ‘ky‘un oqdrsn d ‘mc‘un ‘ e‘qd tm‘ o‘rrdffh‘s‘ rtk,
k‘ roh‘ffh‘- Onh lh rdcdun rtkk‘ rdch‘ ‘ rcq‘hn rnssn k!nlaqdkknmd d kdf,
fdun fhnqm‘kh d khaqh ehmn ‘ ldyynfhnqmn-
? ptdkk!nq‘ lh stee‘un hm l‘qd d e‘bdun tm‘ adkk‘ mtns‘s‘- Onh ‘mc‘,
un ‘ b‘r‘’ oq‘my‘un’ lh qhonr‘un tm on! d udqrn kd pt‘ssqn cdk onld,
qhffhn snqm‘un hm roh‘ffh‘-
ı rs‘s‘ tm‘ u‘b‘my‘ lnksn qhk‘rr‘msd’ lhfkhnqd ch ptdkk‘ cdkkn rbnqrn
‘mmn hm ‘kadqfn- K!‘kadqfn dq‘ hme‘ssh knms‘mhrrhln c‘kk‘ roh‘ffh‘ d
lnksn ‘eenkk‘sn- L‘ k‘ bnr‘ odffhnqd dq‘ bgd rh sqnu‘u‘ rt tm‘ rsq‘c‘
lnksn qtlnqnr‘ d mnm dq‘ l‘h onrrhahkd qhonr‘qd sq‘mpthkk‘ldmsd-

ENQLD O?QSHBNI?QH
6 , QHRONMCH CH BNLO?Q?SHUN D RTODQI?SHUN

0 , Cnud é ‘mc‘s‘ hm u‘b‘my‘ BNLO?Q?SHUN RTODQI?SHUN

k‘ rhfmnq‘=
ohò atnmn atnmhrrhln
1 , Cnud rh sqnu‘u‘ k‘ b‘r‘ hm ‘eehssn= ATNMN
lhfkhnqd nsshln
2 , Bgd bnr‘ e‘bdu‘ k‘ rhfmnq‘ rnssn
k%nlaqdkknmd= ohò b‘sshun b‘sshuhrrhln
3 , ? bgd nq‘ ‘mc‘u‘ hm roh‘ffh‘ B?SSHUN
odffhnqd odrrhln
hk onldqhffhn=
ohò fq‘mcd fq‘mchrrhln
4 , Cnud rh sqnu‘u‘ k%‘kadqfn= FQ?MCD
5 , Rh onsdu‘ qhonr‘qd l‘ffhnqd l‘rrhln
sq‘mpthkk‘ldmsd hm ptdkk%‘kadqfn= ohò ohbbnkn ohbbnkhrrhln
OHBBNIN
lhmnqd lhmhln

7 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , Ptdrsh ahrbnssh rnmn atnmhrrhlh- Ptdrsh ahrbnssh rnmn nsshlh-
1 , Hk lhn fh‘qchmn é ohò fq‘mcd cdk stn- Hk lhn fh‘qchmn é ----------------------
2 , Ohdqqd é hk ehfkhn ohò ohbbnkn ch Knthr- Ohdqqd é hk ehfkhn ------------------------
3 , Rnmn ch tlnqd b‘sshuhrrhln- Rnmn ch tlnqd ------------------------
4 , Nffh hk sdlon é ohò atnmn ch hdqh- Nffh hk sdlon é ----------------------
5 , K‘ bnr‘ ohò b‘sshu‘ ch ptdrsn oq‘myn é hk cnkbd- K‘ bnr‘ ------------------------------------
6 , Ptdrsn dqqnqd é ohbbnkhrrhln- Ptdrsn dqqnqd é -----------------------

027
 0)
HM UHRHS? ? TM? BHSS°

CH?INFN M- 7

CGUDQSGQRG
▲ Ng’ ehm‘kldmsd rh‘ln
‘qqhu‘sh- Bgd bnr‘
‘mch‘ln ‘ udcdqd:
▼ K‘ fthc‘ rtffdqhrbd
ch ‘mc‘qd ‘
uhrhs‘qd hkCtnln’
hk b‘rsdkkn
d hk ltrdn bhuhbn-
▲ Oqdmch‘ln
k‘ oh‘ms‘ cdkk‘ bhssÈ
d cdbhch‘ln hk odqbnqrn c‘ rdfthqd-
▼ Dbbn’ mnh ‘cdrrn rh‘ln pth’ mdkk‘ o‘qsd hmedqhnqd
cdkk‘ bhssÈ- Rh‘ln uhbhmh ‘k Ctnln d ‘k ltrdn-
Hk b‘rsdkkn hmudbd é mdkk‘ o‘qsd rtodqhnqd’ rtkk‘ bnkkhm‘-
▲ Ft‘qc‘ rtkk‘ fthc‘ k!nq‘qhn ch ‘odqstq‘ cdk b‘rsdkkn-
▼ ı ‘odqsn hk l‘sshmn c‘kkd mnud ‘kkd cnchbh d sqdms‘’ hk
onldqhffhn c‘kkd pthmchbh ‘kkd chbhnssn-
▲ Admd’ ‘kknq‘ onrrh‘ln uhrhs‘qkn bnm b‘kl‘ nffh onldqhffhn
d cdchb‘qbh ‘cdrrn ‘k Ctnln d ‘k ltrdn bhuhbn-
▼ C!‘bbnqcn’ oqhl‘ odqì cdun bnlodq‘qd tm mtnun qtkkhmn
odq k‘ l‘bbghm‘ ensnfq‘ehb‘-
▲ Bdqbgh‘ln ‘mbgd tm teehbhn
ch hmenql‘yhnmh stqhrshbgd:
▼ Rè’ bnrè bghdch‘ln pt‘kbgd notrbnkn
hkktrsq‘shun rth lnmtldmsh cdkk‘ bhssÈ-

Rtodqhnqd ; bgd rs‘ ohò hm ‘ksn ✔ Ptdrs‘ é k‘ o‘qsd rtodqhnqd cdk b‘rsdkkn-
Hmedqhnqd ; bgd rs‘ ohò hm a‘rrn ✔ Rh‘ln ‘k oh‘mn hmedqhnqd cdk ltrdn-
?msdqhnqd ; bgd rs‘ c‘u‘msh ✔ Rh rbdmcd c‘kk‘ onqs‘ Zmsdqhnqd-
Onrsdqhnqd ; bgd rs‘ chdsqn ✔ Rh r‘kd c‘kk‘ onqs‘ onrsdqhnqd-
Hmsdqhnqd ; bgd rs‘ cdmsqn ✔ ı adkkn hk bnqshkd hmsdqmn cdk b‘rsdkkn-
Drsdqhnqd ; bgd ‘oo‘qd ‘kk%drsdqmn ✔ Cduh btq‘qd hk stn ‘rodssn drsdqhnqd-

028
0)
É PTH I? EDRS?=
CGUDQSGQRG

hk edrsnmd h k‘lohnmbhmh
kd a‘mchdqhmd bnknq‘sn ch b‘qs‘

k‘ snqs‘
bnm kd b‘mcdkhmd

h o‘kknmbhmh
kd ahahsd
k%hloh‘msn
rsdqdn

h o‘rshbbhmh

kd s‘qshmd
hk s‘unkn
bnm hk qhmeqdrbn
kd o‘s‘shmd

tm l‘yyn ch qnrd qnrrd

hk ahfkhdssn c%‘tftqh

h qdf‘kh

oMrg MsesoMig
✔ Atnmd u‘b‘myd
✔ Atnmd edrsd
✔ Atnm bnlokd‘mmn
✔ Atnm M‘s‘kd
✔ Bdmsn ch ptdrsh fhnqmh
✔ Atnm ‘mmn
✔ S‘msh ‘tftqh ‘ sd
✔ Edkhbd ‘mmn mtnun
✔ ?tftqh d edkhbhs‘yhnmh
✔ Atnm‘ O‘rpt‘

03.
 0)
EDRS? CH BNLOID?MMN
Nffh B‘lhkkd bnlohd 14 ‘mmh-

CGUDQSGQRG
Odq edrsdffh‘qd ohò ‘kkdfq‘ldmsd
hk bnlokd‘mmn g‘ nqf‘mhyy‘sn
tm‘ edrs‘ hm fh‘qchmn d g‘ hmuhs‘sn
‘lhbh d o‘qdmsh- Ptdrsn é hk rtn
ahfkhdssn ch hmuhsn-

?kbtmh ‘lhbh rnmn ‘mc‘sh ‘ b‘r‘ rt‘

lnksn oqdrsn odq ‘hts‘qk‘ mdh oqdo‘q‘shuh-
?mmd d B‘qnkhmd g‘mmn cdbnq‘sn
admhrrhln hk fh‘qchmn bnm o‘kknmbhmh+
k‘lohnmbhmh+ edrsnmh d rsqhrbhnmh bnknq‘sh-
I‘bptdr d Nkhuhdq g‘mmn nqf‘mhyy‘sn
fhnbgh chudqsdmsh- ?cqhdm d Rxkuhd
g‘mmn oqdo‘q‘sn o‘mhmh d s‘qshmd-

BNLO?Q?SHUN CH L?FFHNQ?MV? D RTODQI?SHUN CDFIH ?UUDQAH

BNLO?Q?SHUN RTODQI?SHUN
IDMS?LDMSD ohò kdms‘ldmsd lnksn kdms‘ldmsd.kdmshrrhl‘ldmsd
INMS?MN ohò knms‘mn lnksn knms‘mn.knms‘mhrrhln
S?QCH ohò s‘qch lnksn s‘qch.s‘qchrrhln
ADMD ohò admd.ldfkhn lnksn admd.admhrrhln.nsshl‘ldmsd
L?ID ohò l‘kd.odffhn lnksn l‘kd.l‘khrrhln.odrrhl‘ldmsd
ONBN ldmn lnksn onbn.onbghrrhln.lhmhl‘ldmsd
LNISN ohò lnkshrrhln.l‘rrhl‘ldmsd

8 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , RsVllh uhbhmn
1 , E‘h oqdrsn
2 , Fthc‘ kdms‘ldmsd
3 , O‘qk‘fkh cnkbdldmsd-
4 , K‘unq‘ chkhfdmsdldmsd-
5 , ?fhrbh bnq‘ffhnr‘ldmsd-
➙ ohò uhbhmn ➙ lnksn uhbhmn
➙ ------------------ ➙ ------------------
➙ ------------------ ➙ ------------------
➙ ------------------ ➙ ------------------
➙ ------------------ ➙ ------------------
➙ ------------------ ➙ ------------------

030
 :OODMCGAG
9OODMCGAG

BNQQDVHNMD CDFIH DRDQBHVH

TmhsÙ 0 1 , BNIIDF?
0 , BNLOIDS? 0.b: 1.c: 2.d: 3.‘: 4.a: 5.e

L‘qh‘rnk: Edqm‘mcdy: 36 ‘mmh: hs‘kh‘m‘ 2 , NQCHM?

1 , BNLOIDS? 0 , E‘bbhn kd edqhd mdk ldrd ch ‘fnrsn-
1 , Nfmh fhnqmn k‘unqn c‘kkd nssn ‘kkd rd,
Udqnm‘: E: ctd: btnb‘ chbh-
2 , SQ?RENQL? 2 , K%‘tstmmn é k‘ lh‘ rs‘fhnmd oqdedqhs‘-
3 , Hm oqhl‘udq‘ u‘cn ‘ k‘unq‘qd hm ahbh,
0 , l‘qnbbghmn.‘: 1 , hmch‘mh.d: 2 , aq‘, bkdss‘-
rhkh‘m‘: 3 , jnrnu‘qn.‘: 4 , bhmdrd: 5 , bn, 4 , ? Lhk‘mn k%hmudqmn é lnksn eqdccn-
knlah‘mn: 6 , ‘ka‘mdrh: 7 , rhmf‘kdrd
3 , RBDFIH
4 , BNLOIDS?
0.a: 1.‘: 2.a: 3.‘
a‘lahmn: ‘yytqqh: b‘odkkh: o‘cqd: rdh
4 , SQ?RENQL?
5 , BNIIDF?
0 , Hn mnm k‘unqn-
0.b: 1.‘: 2.c: 3.a: 4.e: 5.d 1 , W‘q‘ mnm sdkdenm‘-
6 , BNLOIDS? 2 , Nffh mnm ohnud-
3 , Hn mnm onrrn md‘mbgd qhonr‘qd-
0 , rtnh: 1 , rtn: 2 , lhn: 3 , knqn: 4 , stn: 4 , W‘q‘ mnm utnkd md‘mbgd sdkdenm‘qd-
5 , lh‘: 6 , rt‘ 5 , Khm Ot mnm cdud md‘mbgd o‘qk‘qd-
7 , RNSSNIHMD? 6 , St mnm g‘h l‘h sdlon-
7 , Eq‘my mnm é l‘h otmst‘kd-
lhn: lh‘: Lhn: Lh‘: rt‘: mnrsq‘: knqn:
8 , ?gldc mnm onqs‘ l‘h k%nqnknfhn-
mnrsq‘: Lhn: rtn
5 , BNMHTF?
8 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , onrrn: 1 , utnkd: 2 , cdud: 3 , unfkh‘,
0 , pt‘q‘mstmn.30: 1 , udmshbhmptd.14: ln: 4 , otnh: 5 , onsdsd
2 , chbhnssn.07: 3 , sqdms‘sqà.22: 4 , bhm,
pt‘msnssn.47: 5 , udmshsqà.12: 6 , pthm, 6 , RBDFIH
chbh.04: 7 , cnchbh.01: 8 , nss‘msnssn.77: 0.‘: 1.b: 2.a
0/ , mnu‘mstmn.80: 00 , pt‘q‘msns,
sn.37: 01 , rdchbh.05 7 , BNMHTF?
bdqb‘: uhdmd: é: bghdcd: unfkhn: g‘: bqd,
cn: k‘unq‘mn: onrrn: é: otì: rdh: gn: k‘,
TmhsÙ 1 unqn: utnh: ‘htsn
0 , BNLOIDS? 8 , BNLOIDS?
lh bgh‘ln: ltq‘snqd: k‘unqn: b‘mshdqd: nffh: atrs‘ o‘f‘: c‘snqd: rshodmchn:
udmfn: rnmn: ft‘c‘fmn rsq‘nqchm‘qh

031
0/ , UDQN N E?IRN= 3 , BNMHTF?

9OODMCGAG
0.E: 1.E: 2.U: 3.E: 4.U 0 , onsqdaad: 1 , r‘oqdrsh: 2 , cnuqdh: 3 ,
bnloqdqdrsh: 4 , ‘uqdlln: 5 , ‘mcqdh: 6
, udqqdrsd: 7 , e‘qdrsh
TmhsÙ 2 4 , UDQN N E?IRN=
0 , UDQN N E?IRN= 0.E: 1.E: 2.U: 3.U: 4.U

0.E: 1.U: 2.E: 3.E: 4.U: 5.E: 6.U 5 , BNIIDF?

1 , BNLOIDS? 0.a: 1.d: 2.c: 3.‘: 4.e: 5.b

0.k‘: 1.k%: 2.h: 3.k%: 4.k‘ 6 , BNLOIDS?

2 , BNLOIDS? 0 , hcq‘tkhbn: 1 , dkdssqhbhrs‘: 2 , rb‘kc‘,
a‘fmn: 3 , onksqnmd: 4 , udqcd: 5 , bnm,
Hk9 shbjds+ cnssnqd+ o‘yhdmsd+ ldchbn+ kds, s‘snqd
shmn+ b‘on qdo‘qsn
Kn9 ronqsdkkn+ orhbnknfn+ rstchn 7 , BNLOIDS?
K‘9 qhbdss‘+ o‘yhdmsd+ ldchbhm‘+ q‘chn, tm: tm: tm: tm‘: tm: tm‘: tm: tm‘: tm:
fq‘eh‘+ l‘k‘ssh‘ tm‘: tm‘: tm: tm: tm: tm
K%9 ‘latk‘snqhn+ hmedqlhdqd+ ‘rrhrsdmsd+
nrodc‘kd+ nrsdsqhb‘ 8 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , tm‘: 1 , tm: 2 , tmn: 3 , tmn: 4 , tm%:
3 , BNLOIDS? 5 , tm
0 , sdrs‘: 1 , fnk‘: 2 , cdmsh: 3 , rbghdm‘:
4 , rsnl‘bn: 5 , o‘mbh‘: 6 , nqdbbghn: 7
, o‘mbh‘: 8 , sdrs‘: 0/ , fnk‘
TmhsÙ 4
4 , BNLOIDS? 0 , RBDFIH
c‘k: ‘utsn: rbnqr‘: e‘ql‘bh‘: btq‘ 0.a: 1.b: 2.‘
5 , QHRONMCH 1 , NQCHM?
0 , ı b‘ctsn c‘kk‘ rb‘k‘- 0 , Rbtrh cnu%é uh‘ Qnl‘=
1 , Odqbgà k‘ rt‘ b‘uhfkh‘ é eq‘sstq‘s‘- 1 , Onrrn ‘mc‘qd bnm k‘ l‘bbghm‘ hm
2 , Odq udmsh fhnqmh- oh‘yy‘ Tladqsn=
2 , Rh otì q‘ffhtmfdqd k‘ rs‘yhnmd c‘
bnqrn F‘qha‘kch=
TmhsÙ 3 3 , Lh r‘ chqd cnud rh sqnu‘ hk bhmdl‘
L‘qbnmh=
0 , RBDFIH 4 , Cdun ‘mc‘qd ‘k onmsd B‘untq+ lh
ı k%‘mmtmbhn B- otì hmchb‘qd k‘ rsq‘c‘=
5 , Pt‘k é hk odqbnqrn ohò aqdud odq q‘f,
1 , UDQN N E?IRN= fhtmfdqd ‘ ohdch k%nrodc‘kd=
0.U: 1.E: 2.U
2 , BNLOIDS?
2 , BNLOIDS? 0 , Uh‘ Qnl‘+ m- 0/
0 , chqdh: 1 , cnuqdlln: 2 , unqqdh: 3 , 1 , Oh‘yy‘ Udmdyh‘+ m- 02
‘uqdh: 4 , unqqdaadqn: 5 , unqqdlln 2 , Uh‘kd Dtqno‘+ m- 44

032
 3 , Bnqrn Atdmnr ?hqdr+ m- 011 3 , Rh ‘eeqdssh odqbgà hk sqdmn rs‘ odq o‘q,
9OODMCGAG

shqd-
3 , BNLOIDS? 4 , B%é onrsn hm ptdrsn rbnlo‘qshldmsn=
0 , ‘rodssn: 1 , ‘qqhu‘sn+ qhs‘qcn: 2 , 13+ 5 , U‘cn ‘ Lhk‘mn odq lnshuh ch k‘unqn-
oh‘yy‘: 3 , F‘qha‘kch+ 15: 4 , ‘tsnatr+ 6 , K‘ snhkdssd é hm enmcn ‘k bnqqhcnhn-
0/: 5 , ahfkhdssn+ fhnqm‘k‘hn 7 , Sdmfn ptdrsn onrsn nbbto‘sn odq kdh-
4 , RBDFIH 03 , BNLOIDS?
0.a: 1.b: 2.b: 3.‘ 0 , ‘ cdrsq‘+ ‘ rhmhrsq‘: 1 , chdsqn+ rnssn:
2 , c‘u‘msh: 3 , etnqh+ rnoq‘
5 , BNLOIDS?
0 , ‘tsnatr+ ahfkhdssn: 1 , onrsn khadqn: 2 04 , UDQN N E?IRN=
, b‘lo‘mdkkn 0.E: 1.U: 2.E: 3.E: 4.U
6 , E?H I? CNL?MC? 05 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Pt‘mcn o‘qshq‘mmn= 0 , Rsn odq trbhqd+ odqbgà gn hmsdmyhnmd
1 , Pt‘kd sqdmn oqdmcdq‘h= ch ‘mc‘qd ‘k bhmdl‘-
2 , Pt‘mcn ‘qqhudq‘h= 1 , Rsh‘ln odq o‘qshqd+ odqbgà ‘aah‘ln
3 , Ingm bnm bgh udqqÈ= hmsdmyhnmd ch e‘qd tm uh‘ffhn-
4 , Pt‘msn sdlon rs‘q‘h bnm mnh= 2 , Hun d R‘q‘ rs‘mmn odq udmhqd c‘ sd+
5 , Cnldmhb‘ cnud r‘qdsd= odqbgà g‘mmn hmsdmyhnmd ch o‘qk‘qsh-
6 , Mdk 1//8 pt‘msh ‘mmh ‘uq‘h= 3 , ?lhq rs‘ odq snqm‘qd ‘ b‘r‘+ odqbgà
7 , Hmfqhc hm pt‘kd gnsdk r‘qÈ= g‘ hmsdmyhnmd ch ft‘qc‘qd k‘ o‘qshs‘ ‘kk‘
SU-
7 , BNMHTF? 4 , St rs‘h odq ‘ssq‘udqr‘qd k‘ rsq‘c‘+ odq,
0 , r‘khqÈ: 1 , o‘qshq‘mmn: 2 , ‘qqhudqdsd: 3 bgà g‘h hmsdmyhnmd ch q‘ffhtmfdqlh-
, ‘uqì: 4 , r‘q‘h 5 , Rsn odq ‘mc‘qd ‘k rtodqldqb‘sn+ odq,
bgà gn hmsdmyhnmd ch e‘qd k‘ rodr‘-
8 , BNLOIDS?
0 , oqdmcdqì: 1 , oqdmcdq‘h: 2 , oqdm,
cdqÈ: 3 , oqdmcdqdln: 4 , oqdmcdqdsd: 5
, oqdmcdq‘mmn
TmhsÙ 5
0 , BNLOIDS?
0/ , BNIIDF?
tm‘ bnc‘: kdssdqd q‘bbnl‘mc‘sd: hk ank,
0.b: 1.c: 2.d: 3.e: 4.‘: 5.a: 6.f: 7.h: 8. kn: k%‘aanm‘ldmsn: ronqsdkkn: h lnctkh:
k: 0/.m: 00.g: 01.l odq bnqsdrh‘: ch edqhd: o‘f‘ldmsh
00 , BNLOIDS? 1 , UDQN N E?IRN=
11 , 00+1/ , 1/+04 , 8+2/ , 01+44 0.E: 1.E: 2.E: 3.E: 4.E
01 , BNIIDF? 2 , BNMHTF?
0.a: 1.‘: 2.b: 3.d: 4.c onqs‘: ‘bbnlo‘fm‘: bnlodq‘: o‘rr‘:
oqdmch: rodchrbh: qhbnqc‘sh: o‘f‘: bghdch:
02 , NQCHM? ‘eeqdss‘sh
0 , Pt‘k é hk oqnrrhln sqdmn odq Lhk‘mn=
1 , Rh cdud o‘f‘qd hk rtookdldmsn q‘ohcn= 3 , SQ?RENQL?
2 , Lh ch‘ tm ahfkhdssn ch rdbnmc‘ bk‘rrd- 0 , ‘aah‘sd: 1 , e‘sd: 2 , udmhsd: 3 , chsd:

033
4 , rh‘sd: 5 , ‘mc‘sd: 6 , c‘sd: 7 , adudsd 02 , BNIIDF?

9OODMCGAG
4 , QHRONMCH 0.a: 1.a: 2.a+ c: 3.‘+ a: 4.‘: 5.a+ d: 6.b:
7.a: 8.‘: 0/.a: 00.‘: 01.‘
0 , Rè+ sh ‘rodssn-
1 , Mn+ mnm sh b‘ohrbn-
2 , Rè+ sh rdmsn-
3 , Rè+ k%gn e‘ssn- TmhsÙ 6
4 , Rè+ kn ‘rbnksh‘ln-
5 , Mn+ mnm k‘ qhbnqcn- 0 , UDQN N E?IRN=
6 , Rè+ ‘bbnlo‘fm‘bh- 0.E: 1.U: 2.E: 3.U
7 , Mn+ mnm k%‘aah‘ln uhrs‘-
1 , BNIIDF?
8 , Mn+ mnm kn udcn-
0/ , Rè+ k‘ hmuhsn- 0.e: 1.b: 2.a: 3.d: 4.c: 5.‘

5 , SQ?RENQL? 2 , BNMHTF?
0 , Mnm oqdmcdqd hk o‘md- 0 , oqdedqhsd: 1 , b‘ohrbn: 2 , rodchrbh+
1 , Mnm bnlodq‘qd hk k‘ssd- rodchrbn: 3 , ehmhrbd: 4 , ehmhrbnmn: 5 ,
2 , Mnm rs‘qd ‘ b‘r‘- oqdedqhrbd: 6 , b‘ohrbh: 7 , ehmh‘ln
3 , Mnm kdffdqd ptdrsn khaqn- 3 , RNRSHSTHRBH
4 , Mnm hmuhs‘qkh ‘ bdm‘-
5 , Mnm trbhqd oqhl‘ cdkkd bhmptd- 1+ 1+4/: 4+ 14: 37+ 43: 26+ 021-

6 , RBDFIH 4 , UDQN N E?IRN=

0.b: 1.‘: 2.‘ 0.E: 1.U: 2.E: 3.U

7 , BNIIDF? 5 , BNLOIDS?
0.d: 1.c: 2.a: 3.b: 4.‘ 0 , rb‘snk‘: 1 , k‘sshm‘: 2 , u‘rdssn: 3 ,
rb‘snkdss‘: 4 , ansshfkh‘: 5 , o‘bbn
8 , SQ?RENQL?
6 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Sh ‘rodssn---
0 , cdkk‘ udqmhbd: 1 , cdk bnknqd: 2 , cdk,
1 , Bgh‘l‘sdlh---
k‘ sdlodq‘: 3 , cdkkn rstbbn: 4 , cdkkd uh,
2 , Lh g‘mmn cdqta‘sn-
sh: 5 , cdh bghnchmh: 6 , cdh atkknmh: 7 , cdk
3 , ----d kn cdmtmbhn-
rnkudmsd
4 , Uh cdrhcdqn---
5 , ---- d k%gn r‘kts‘s‘-
0/ , BNLOIDS? TmhsÙ 7
0 , ‘kk%+ odq+ ch: 1 , cdkk%+ ‘k: 2 , bnm+ cdk:
3 , mdh+ cdkk‘: 4 , mdk+ ch+ c%: 5 , ch+ hm: 6 0 , RNSSNIHMD?
, hm+ ‘+ ch: 7 , ‘+ odq: 8 , ‘: 0/ , rtk+ hm+ ch snqs‘: o‘mhmn: sn‘rs: ohyy‘: b‘eeé: b‘o,
otbbhmn: aqhnbgd: eqtss‘: cnkbh: o‘mhmh
00 , BNLOIDS? hlansshsh
0 , cdk: 1 , cdkk%: 2 , odq: 3 , odq+ cdk: 4 ,
bnm: 5 , cdk+ eq‘ 1 , BNLOIDS?
0 , o‘rsh: 1 , oh‘ssn+ rdbnmcn: 2 , b‘r‘: 3
01 , RBDFIH , ohyy‘: 4 , a‘q+ aqhnbgd: 5 , ldqdmc‘
0.a: 1.‘

034
 2 , BNIIDF? TmhsÙ 8
9OODMCGAG

0.a: 1.d: 2.‘: 3.b: 4.c

0 , BNLOIDS?
3 , BNLOIDS? eq‘sdkkh: bnlohsh: b‘qsnmh ‘mhl‘sh: cnbt,
0 , l‘h: 1 , rs‘rdq‘: 2 , eq‘: 3 , rdloqd: ldms‘qhn: c%‘bbnqcn: otmhsh
4 , e‘: 5 , oqhl‘
1 , BNLOIDS?
4 , NQCHM? rh‘mn: rpt‘cqd ch b‘kbhn: ‘aah‘mn: rs‘ch:
0 , G‘h l‘h l‘mfh‘sn k‘ ytoo‘ ch kdmshb, rbnlldssnmn: bgd rh‘
bghd=
2 , BNMHTF?
1 , ? bnk‘yhnmd adun rdloqd tm‘ roqd,
lts‘ ch ‘q‘mbh‘- 0 , enrrd: 1 , enrrd: 2 , ‘udrsd: 3 , ‘udr,
2 , Cdkk‘ btbhm‘ hs‘kh‘m‘ lh oh‘bd lnksn rd: 4 , ‘udrrh: 5 , enrsd
k‘ o‘rs‘rbhtss‘- 3 , RNRSHSTHRBH
3 , Q‘q‘ldmsd ‘mch‘ln ‘ l‘mfh‘qd ‘k qh,
rsnq‘msd- 0 , lh: 1 , sh: 2 , fkh: 3 , kd: 4 , bh: 5 , knqn:
4 , ı chudqsdmsd ‘mc‘qd hm ohyydqh‘ bnm 6 , lh
fkh ‘lhbh- 4 , BNIIDF?
5 , UDQN N E?IRN= 0 , e: 1 , b: 2 , f: 3 , d: 4 , c: 5 , a: 6 , ‘
0.U: 1.E: 2.U: 3.E: 4.U 5 , RNRSHSTHRBH
6 , NQCHM? 0 , sh: 1 , fkh: 2 , kd: 3 , lh: 4 , sh: 5 , lh:
e: d: a: c: b: ‘: f 6 , fkh

7 , BNLOIDS? 6 , BNLOIDS?
dssn: r‘ktlhdqd: o‘s‘sd: eqtsshudmcnkn: bnlotsdq: onsdmsd: teehbhn: onrs‘: rs‘l,
o‘mhehbhn: o‘rshbbdqh‘ o‘msd: chroh‘bd

8 , RNSSNIHMD?
l‘mfh‘u‘ln: oqdmcdu‘: s‘fkh‘u‘: lds,
sdu‘: ‘ffhtmfdu‘: rh btnbdu‘: oqdo‘q‘,
u‘: dq‘: onmdu‘: bnoqhu‘: rdquhu‘: dq‘
0/ , BNIIDF?
0.b: 1.‘: 2.c: 3.a: 4.e: 5.g: 6.d: 7.f
00 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , bdmsn: 1 , ctdbdmsn: 2 , sqdbdmsnbhm,
pt‘ms‘: 3 , bhmptdbdmsn: 4 , bhmpt‘ms‘:
5 , bdmsn: 6 , rdhbdmsn: 7 , nssnbdmsn
01 , BNLOIDS?
0 , o‘fn: 1 , e‘: 2 , nqchmh: 3 , oqdmch‘,
ln: 4 , é
7 , RBDFIH
rbgdqln: lncdl: s‘rshdq‘: BC,QNL
8 , BNLOIDS?
bnlokd‘mmn: kd: fkhdk‘: sdkdenmn: lh: kd:
ld kn: k‘: lh
TmhsÙ 0/
0 , BNMHTF?
0 , Lh rudfkhn+ sh rudfkh+ rh rudfkh‘+ bh rud,
fkh‘ln+ uh rudfkh‘sd+ rh rudfkh‘mn
1 , Lh k‘un+ sh k‘uh+ rh k‘u‘+ bh k‘uh‘ln+ uh
k‘u‘sd+ rh k‘u‘mn
2 , Lh udrsn+ sh udrsh+ rh udrsd+ bh udrsh‘,
ln+ uh udrshsd+ rh udrsnmn
3 , Lh oqdo‘qn+ sh oqdo‘qh+ rh oqdo‘q‘+ bh

035
oqdo‘qh‘ln+ uh oqdo‘q‘sd+ rh oqdo‘q‘mn
4 , Lh qhonrn+ sh qhonrh+ rh qhonr‘+ bh qhon,
rh‘ln+ uh qhonr‘sd+ rh qhonr‘mn
5 , Lh odsshmn+ sh odsshmh+ rh odsshm‘+ bh
odsshmh‘ln+ uh odsshm‘sd+ rh odsshm‘mn
1 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , H a‘lahmh rh unfkhnmn chudqshqd-
1 , L‘qbn mnm rh cdud ‘qq‘aah‘qd-
2 , Sh cduh qhonr‘qd
3 , Uh onsdsd edql‘qd=
4 , Mnm lh unqqdh rs‘mb‘qd-
5 , Bh onrrh‘ln edql‘qd-
2 , RBDFIH
0.‘: 1.a+ 2.a
3 , BNMHTF?
0 , lh cdchbn: 1 , rh nbbto‘: 2 , rh chudq,
snmn: 3 , hlohdf‘
4 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , adkkhrrhln+ hk ohò adkkn
1 , atnmhrrhl‘+ k‘ ohò atnm‘
2 , bnlnchrrhld+ kd ohò bnlncd
3 , dkdf‘mshrrhln+ hk ohò dkdf‘msd
4 , fdmshkhrrhl‘+ k‘ ohò fdmshkd
5 , SQ?RENQL?
0 , Unh rhdsd rs‘sh ldmn enqstm‘sh ch mnh-
1 , St rdh ldmn ‘ksn ch ld-
9OODMCGAG
2 , Hn rnmn ldmn udbbghn ch Nl‘q-
3 , In‘m r‘qÈ ldmn edkhbd ch Rhj‘-
4 , S‘sh‘m‘ dq‘ ldmn fdmshkd ch Khchi‘-
5 , St rdh ldmn dkdf‘msd ch st‘ rnqdkk‘-
6 , QHRONMCH
0 , ı ‘mc‘s‘ hm B‘k‘aqh‘-
1 , Rh sqnu‘u‘ ‘ ctd o‘rrh c‘k l‘qd-
2 , Kdffdu‘ fhnqm‘kh d khaqh-
3 , ?mc‘u‘ hm roh‘ffh‘ udqrn kd pt‘ssqn-
4 , Rh sqnu‘u‘ rt tm‘ rsq‘c‘ lnksn qt,
lnqnr‘-
5 , Mn+ mnm rh onsdu‘ qhonr‘qd sq‘mpthk,
k‘ldmsd-
7 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , nsshlh: 1 , l‘ffhnqd: 2 , lhmnqd: 3 ,
odrrhln: 4 , lhfkhnqd: 5 , odffhnqd: 6 ,
lhmhln
8 , RNRSHSTHRBH
0 , ohò uhbhmn+ lnksn uhbhmn
1 , ohò oqdrsn+ lnksn oqdrsn
2 , ohò kdms‘ldmsd+ lnksn kdms‘ldmsd
3 , ohò cnkbdldmsd+ lnksn cnkbdldmsd
4 , ohò chkhfdmsdldmsd+ lnksn chkhfdmsd,
ldmsd
5 , ohò bnq‘ffhnr‘ldmsd+ lnksn bnq‘f,
fhnr‘ldmsd
036
 S?UNID CDII? BNMHTF?VHNMD ?SSHU?
9OODMCGAG

CDH UDQAH QDFNI?QH

’mdh lnch d mdh sdloh opdrdmsZsh mdi sdrsn(

HMCHB?SHUN

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd

OQDRDMSD hn ‘ln hn sdln hn rdmsn

st ‘lh st sdlh st rdmsh
kth.kdh ‘l‘ kth.kdh sdld kth.kdh rdmsd
mnh ‘lh‘ln mnh sdlh‘ln mnh rdmsh‘ln
unh ‘l‘sd unh sdldsd unh rdmshsd
knqn ‘l‘mn knqn sdlnmn knqn rdmsnmn

HLODQEDSSN hn ‘l‘un hn sdldun hn rdmshun

st ‘l‘uh st sdlduh st rdmshuh
kth.kdh ‘l‘u‘ kth.kdh sdldu‘ kth.kdh rdmshu‘
mnh ‘l‘u‘ln mnh sdldu‘ln mnh rdmshu‘ln
unh ‘l‘u‘sd unh sdldu‘sd unh rdmshu‘sd
knqn ‘l‘u‘mn knqn sdldu‘mn knqn rdmshu‘mn

ETSTQN hn ‘ldqì hn sdldqì hn rdmshqì

RDLOIHBD st ‘ldq‘h st sdldq‘h st rdmshq‘h
kth.kdh ‘ldqÈ kth.kdh sdldqÈ kth.kdh rdmshqÈ
mnh ‘ldqdln mnh sdldqdln mnh rdmshqdln
unh ‘ldqdsd unh sdldqdsd unh rdmshqdsd
knqn ‘ldq‘mmn knqn sdldq‘mmn knqn rdmshq‘mmn

O?RR?SN hn gn ‘l‘sn hn gn sdltsn hn gn rdmshsn

OQNRRHLN st g‘h ‘l‘sn st g‘h sdltsn st g‘h rdmshsn
kth.kdh g‘ ‘l‘sn kth.kdh g‘ sdltsn kth.kdh g‘ rdmshsn
mnh ‘aah‘ln ‘l‘sn mnh ‘aah‘ln sdltsn mnh ‘aah‘ln rdmshsn
unh ‘udsd ‘l‘sn unh ‘udsd sdltsn unh ‘udsd rdmshsn
knqn g‘mmn ‘l‘sn knqn g‘mmn sdltsn knqn g‘mmn rdmshsn

037
 9OODMCGAG
BNMFHTMSHUN

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd

OQDRDMSD hn ‘lh hn sdl‘ hn rdms‘

st ‘lh st sdl‘ st rdms‘
kth.kdh ‘lh kth.kdh sdl‘ kth.kdh rdms‘
mnh ‘lh‘ln mnh sdlh‘ln mnh rdmsh‘ln
unh ‘lh‘sd unh sdlh‘sd unh rdmsh‘sd
knqn ‘lhmn knqn sdl‘mn knqn rdms‘mn

HLODQEDSSN hn ‘l‘rrh hn sdldrrh hn rdmshrrh

st ‘l‘rrh st sdldrrh st rdmshrrh
kth.kdh ‘l‘rrd kth.kdh sdldrrd kth.kdh rdmshrrd
mnh ‘l‘rrhln mnh sdldrrhln mnh rdmshrrhln
unh ‘l‘rsd unh sdldrsd unh rdmshrsd
knqn ‘l‘rrdqn knqn sdldrrdqn knqn rdmshrrdqn

BNMCHVHNM?ID

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd

OQDRDMSD hn ‘ldqdh hn sdldqdh hn rdmshqdh

st ‘ldqdrsh st sdldqdrsh st rdmshqdrsh
kth.kdh ‘ldqdaad kth.kdh sdldqdaad kth.kdh rdmshqdaad
mnh ‘ldqdlln mnh sdldqdlln mnh rdmshqdlln
unh ‘ldqdrsd unh sdldqdrsd unh rdmshqdrsd
knqn ‘ldqdaadqn knqn sdldqdaadqn knqn rdmshqdaadqn

HLODQ?SHUN

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd

OQDRDMSD ’st( ‘l‘ ’st( sdlh ’st( rdmsh

’kth.kdh( ‘lh ’kth.kdh( sdl‘ ’kth.kdh( rdms‘
’mnh( ‘lh‘ln ’mnh( sdlh‘ln ’mnh( rdmsh‘ln
’unh( ‘l‘sd ’unh( sdldsd ’unh( rdmshsd
’unh( ‘lhmn ’unh( sdl‘mn ’unh( rdms‘mn

O?QSHBHOHN

0´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 1´ bnmhtfVvhnmd 2´ bnmhtfVvhnmd

O?RR?SN ‘l‘sn sdltsn rdmshsn

038
 S?UNI? CDII? BNMHTF?VHNMD CDH UDQAH ?TRHIH?QH
9OODMCGAG

’mdh lnch d mdh sdloh opdrdmsZsh mdi sdrsn(

HMCHB?SHUN

OQDRDMSD HLODQEDSSN ETSTQN RDLOIHBD O?RR?SN OQNRRHLN

Drrdqd hn rnmn hn dqn hn r‘qì hn rnmn rs‘sn

st rdh st dqh st r‘q‘h st rdh rs‘sn
kth.kdh é kth.kdh dq‘ kth.kdh r‘qÈ kth.kdh é rs‘s‘.n
mnh rh‘ln mnh dq‘u‘ln mnh r‘qdln mnh rh‘ln rs‘sh
unh rhdsd unh dq‘u‘sd unh r‘qdsd unh rhdsd rs‘sh
knqn rnmn knqn dq‘mn knqn r‘q‘mmn knqn rnmn rs‘sh
?udqd hn gn hn ‘udun hn ‘uqì hn gn ‘utsn
st g‘h st ‘uduh st ‘uq‘h st g‘h ‘utsn
kth.kdh g‘ kth.kdh ‘udu‘ kth.kdh ‘uqÈ kth.kdh g‘ ‘utsn
mnh ‘aah‘ln mnh ‘udu‘ln mnh ‘uqdln mnh ‘aah‘ln ‘utsn
unh ‘udsd unh ‘udu‘sd unh ‘uqdsd unh ‘udsd ‘utsn
knqn g‘mmn knqn ‘udu‘mn knqn ‘uq‘mmn knqn g‘mmn ‘utsn

BNMFHTMSHUN BNMCHVHNM?ID HLODQ?SHUN

OQDRDMSD HLODQEDSSN OQDRDMSD OQDRDMSD

Drrdqd hn rh‘ hn enrrh hn r‘qdh

st rh‘ st enrrh st r‘qdrsh ’st( rhh
kth.kdh rh‘ kth.kdh enrrd kth.kdh r‘qdaad ’kth.kdh( rh‘
mnh rh‘ln mnh enrrhln mnh r‘qdlln ’mnh( rh‘ln
unh rh‘sd unh enrsd unh r‘qdrsd ’unh( rh‘sd
knqn rh‘mn knqn enrrdqn knqn r‘qdaadqn ’knqn( rh‘mn
?udqd hn ‘aah‘ hn ‘udrrh hn ‘uqdh
st ‘aah‘ st ‘udrrh st ‘uqdrsh ’st( ‘aah
kth.kdh ‘aah‘ kth.kdh ‘udrrd kth.kdh ‘uqdaad ’kth.kdh( ‘aah‘
mnh ‘aah‘ln mnh ‘udrrhln mnh ‘uqdlln ’mnh( ‘aah‘ln
unh ‘aah‘sd unh ‘udrsd unh ‘uqdrsd ’unh( ‘aah‘sd
knqn ‘aah‘mn knqn ‘udrrdqn knqn ‘uqdaadqn ’knqn( ‘aah‘mn
O?QSHBHOHN

O?RR?SN

Drrdqd rs‘sn

?udqd ‘utsn

04.
BNMHTF?VHNMD ?SSHU?

9OODMCGAG
CDH OQHMBHO?IH UDQAH HQQDFNI?QH
’mdh lnch d mdh sdloh opdrdmsZsh mdi sdrsn(
hmc- oqdr- ; hmchb‘shun oqdrdmsd hmc- ets- ; hmchb‘shun etstqn
hmc- hlo- ; hmchb‘shun hlodqedssn hmc- o‘rr- oqnrr- ; hmchb‘shun o‘rr‘sn oqnrrhln
bnmf- oqdr- ; bnmfhtmshun oqdrdmsd bnmf- hlo- ; bnmfhtmshun hlodqedssn
bnmc- oqdr- ; bnmchyhnm‘kd oqdrdmsd hlodq‘s- ; hlodq‘shun
o‘qs- o‘rr- ; o‘qshbhohn o‘rr‘sn

?MC?QD
hmc- oqdr-9 u‘cn+ u‘h+ u‘+ ‘mch‘ln+ ‘mc‘sd+ u‘mmn: hmc- ets-9 ‘mcqì+ ‘mcq‘h+ ‘mcqÈ+ ‘m,
cqdln+ ‘mcqdsd+ ‘mcq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 ‘mc‘un+ ‘mc‘uh+ ‘mc‘u‘+ ‘mc‘u‘ln+ ‘mc‘u‘,
sd+ ‘mc‘u‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn ‘mc‘sn+ rdh ‘mc‘sn+ é ‘mc‘sn+ rh‘ln ‘mc‘sh+ rhd,
sd ‘mc‘sh+ rnmn ‘mc‘sh: bnmf- oqdr-9 u‘c‘+ u‘c‘+ u‘c‘+ ‘mch‘ln+ ‘mch‘sd+ u‘c‘mn:
bnmf- oVrr-9 ‘mc‘rrh+ ‘mc‘rrh+ ‘mc‘rrd+ ‘mc‘rrhln+ ‘mc‘rsd+ ‘mc‘rrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9
‘mcqdh+ ‘mcqdrsh+ ‘mcqdaad+ ‘mcqdlln+ ‘mcqdrsd+ ‘mcqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 u‘% ’u‘h+
u‘(+ u‘c‘+ ‘mch‘ln+ ‘mc‘sd+ u‘c‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 ‘mc‘sn-

ADQD
hmc- oqdr-9 adun+ aduh+ adud+ aduh‘ln+ adudsd+ adunmn: hmc- ets-9 adqqì+ adqq‘h+ adqqÈ+
adqqdln+ adqqdsd+ adqq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 adudun+ aduduh+ adudu‘+ adudu‘ln+ adudu‘,
sd+ adudu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn adutsn+ g‘h adutsn+ g‘ adutsn+ ‘aah‘ln adutsn+
‘udsd adutsn+ g‘mmn adutsn: bnmf- oqdr-9 adu‘+ adu‘+ adu‘+ aduh‘ln+ aduh‘sd+ ad,
u‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 adudrrh+ adudrrh+ adudrrd+ adudrrhln+ adudrsd+ adudrrdqn: bnmc-
oqdr-9 adqqdh+ adqqdrsh+ adqqdaad+ adqqdlln+ adqqdrsd+ adqqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 aduh+ ad,
u‘+ aduh‘ln+ adudsd+ adu‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 adutsn-

B?CDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 b‘cn+ b‘ch+ b‘cd+ b‘ch‘ln+ b‘cdsd+ b‘cnmn: hmc- ets-9 b‘cqì+ b‘cq‘h+ b‘cqÈ+
b‘cqdln+ b‘cqdsd+ b‘cq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 b‘cdun+ b‘cduh+ b‘cdu‘+ b‘cdu‘ln+ b‘cd,
u‘sd+ b‘cdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn b‘ctsn+ rdh b‘ctsn+ é b‘ctsn+ rh‘ln b‘ctsh+
rhdsd b‘ctsh+ rnmn b‘ctsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 b‘c‘+ b‘c‘+ b‘c‘+ b‘ch‘ln+ b‘ch‘sd+ b‘c‘mn:
bnmf- hlo-9 b‘cdrrh+ b‘cdrrh+ b‘cdrrd+ b‘cdrrhln+ b‘cdrsd+ b‘cdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 b‘,
cqdh+ b‘cqdrsh+ b‘cqdaad+ b‘cqdlln+ b‘cqdrsd+ b‘cqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 b‘ch+ b‘c‘+ b‘,
ch‘ln+ b‘cdsd+ b‘c‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 b‘ctsn-

BTNBDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 btnbhn+ btnbh+ btnbd+ btnbh‘ln+ btnbdsd+ btnbhnmn: hmc- ets-9 btnbdqì+
btnbdq‘h+ btnbdqÈ+ btnbdqdln+ btnbdqdsd+ btnbdq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 btnbdun+ btnbd,
uh+ btnbdu‘+ btnbdu‘ln+ btnbdu‘sd+ btnbdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn bnssn+ g‘h bns,
sn+ g‘ bnssn+ ‘aah‘ln bnssn+ ‘udsd bnssn+ g‘mmn bnssn: bnmf- oqdr-9 btnbh‘+ btnbh‘+
btnbh‘+ btnbh‘ln+ btnbh‘sd+ btnbh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 btnbdrrh+ btnbdrrh+ btnbdrrd+ btn,
bdrrhln+ btnbdrsd+ btnbdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 btnbdqdh+ btnbdqdrsh+ btnbdqdaad+ btn,
bdqdlln+ btnbdqdrsd+ btnbdqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 btnbh+ btnbh‘+ btnbh‘ln+ btnbdsd+
btnbh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 bnssn-

040
 C?QD
9OODMCGAG

hmc- oqdr-9 cn+ c‘h+ cÈ+ ch‘ln+ c‘sd+ c‘mmn: hmc- ets-9 c‘qì+ c‘q‘h+ c‘qÈ+ c‘qdln+ c‘,
qdsd+ c‘q‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 c‘un+ c‘uh+ c‘u‘+ c‘u‘ln+ c‘u‘sd+ c‘u‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9
gn c‘sn+ g‘h c‘sn+ g‘ c‘sn+ ‘aah‘ln c‘sn+ ‘udsd c‘sn+ g‘mmn c‘sn: bnmf- oqdr-9 ch‘+
ch‘+ ch‘+ ch‘ln+ ch‘sd+ ch‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 cdrrh+ cdrrh+ cdrrd+ cdrrhln+ cdrsd+ cdrrd,
qn: bnmc- oqdr-9 c‘qdh+ c‘qdrsh+ c‘qdaad+ c‘qdlln+ c‘qdrsd+ c‘qdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 c‘%
’c‘h+ cÈ(+ ch‘+ ch‘ln+ c‘sd+ ch‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 c‘sn-

CHQD
hmc- oqdr-9 chbn+ chbh+ chbd+ chbh‘ln+ chsd+ chbnmn: hmc- ets-9 chqì+ chq‘h+ chqÈ+ chqdln+
chqdsd+ chq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 chbdun+ chbduh+ chbdu‘+ chbdu‘ln+ chbdu‘sd+ chbdu‘mn: hmc-
oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn cdssn+ g‘h cdssn+ g‘ cdssn+ ‘aah‘ln cdssn+ ‘udsd cdssn+ g‘mmn cds,
sn: bnmf- oqdr-9 chb‘+ chb‘+ chb‘+ chbh‘ln+ chbh‘sd+ chb‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 chbdrrh+ chbdrrh+
chbdrrd+ chbdrrhln+ chbdrsd+ chbdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 chqdh+ chqdrsh+ chqdaad+ chqdlln+
chqdrsd+ chqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 ch%+ chb‘+ chbh‘ln+ chsd+ chb‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 cdssn-

CNUDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 cdun+ cduh+ cdud+ cnaah‘ln+ cnudsd+ cdunmn: hmc- ets-9 cnuqì+ cnuq‘h+ cn,
uqÈ+ cnuqdln+ cnuqdsd+ cnuq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 cnudun+ cnuduh+ cnudu‘+ cnudu‘ln+
cnudu‘sd+ cnudu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn.rnmn cnutsn+ g‘h.rdh cnutsn+ g‘.é cnut,
sn+ ‘aah‘ln cnutsn.rh‘ln cnutsh+ ‘udsd cnutsn.rhdsd cnutsh+ g‘mmn cnutsn.rnmn
cnutsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 cdaa‘+ cdaa‘+ cdaa‘+ cnaah‘ln+ cnaah‘sd+ cdaa‘mn: bnmf-
hlo-9 cnudrrh+ cnudrrh+ cnudrrd+ cnudrrhln+ cnudrsd+ cnudrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 cnuqdh+
cnuqdrsh+ cnuqdaad+ cnuqdlln+ cnuqdrsd+ cnuqdaadqn: oVqs- oVrr-9 cnutsn-

E?QD
hmc- oqdr-9 e‘bbhn+ e‘h+ e‘+ e‘bbh‘ln+ e‘sd+ e‘mmn: hmc- ets-9 e‘qì+ e‘q‘h+ e‘qÈ+ e‘qdln+ e‘,
qdsd+ e‘q‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 e‘bdun+ e‘bduh+ e‘bdu‘+ e‘bdu‘ln+ e‘bdu‘sd+ e‘bdu‘mn: hmc-
oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn e‘ssn+ g‘h e‘ssn+ g‘ e‘ssn+ ‘aah‘ln e‘ssn+ ‘udsd e‘ssn+ g‘mmn e‘ssn:
bnmf- oqdr-9 e‘bbh‘+ e‘bbh‘+ e‘bbh‘+ e‘bbh‘ln+ e‘bbh‘sd+ e‘bbh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 e‘bdrrh+ e‘,
bdrrh+ e‘bdrrd+ e‘bdrrhln+ e‘bdrsd+ e‘bdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 e‘qdh+ e‘qdrsh+ e‘qdaad+ e‘,
qdlln+ e‘qdrsd+ e‘qdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 e‘% ’e‘h+ e‘(+ e‘bbh‘+ e‘bbh‘ln+ e‘sd+ e‘bbh‘mn:
oVqs- oVrr-9 e‘ssn-

LNQHQD
hmc- oqdr-9 ltnhn+ ltnqh+ ltnqd+ lnqh‘ln+ lnqhsd+ ltnhnmn: hmc- ets-9 lnqhqì+ ln,
qhq‘h+ lnqhqÈ+ lnqhqdln+ lnqhqdsd+ lnqhq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 lnqhun+ lnqhuh+ lnqhu‘+ ln,
qhu‘ln+ lnqhu‘sd+ lnqhu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn lnqsn+ rdh lnqsn+ é lnqsn+ rh‘,
ln lnqsh+ rhdsd lnqsh+ rnmn lnqsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 ltnh‘+ ltnh‘+ ltnh‘+ lnqh‘ln+ ln,
qh‘sd+ ltnh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 lnqhrrh+ lnqhrrh+ lnqhrrd+ lnqhrrhln+ lnqhrsd+ lnqhrrd,
qn: bnmc- oqdr-9 lnqhqdh+ lnqhqdrsh+ lnqhqdaad+ lnqhqdlln+ lnqhqdrsd+ lnqhqdaadqn:
hlodqVs-9 ltnqh+ ltnh‘+ lnqh‘ln+ lnqhsd+ ltnh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 lnqsn-

041
OH?BDQD

9OODMCGAG
hmc- oqdr-9 oh‘bbhn+ oh‘bh+ oh‘bd+ oh‘bbh‘ln+ oh‘bdsd+ oh‘bbhnmn: hmc- ets-9 oh‘bdqì+ oh‘,
bdq‘h+ oh‘bdqÈ+ oh‘bdqdln+ oh‘bdqdsd+ oh‘bdq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 oh‘bdun+ oh‘bduh+ oh‘bd,
u‘+ oh‘bdu‘ln+ oh‘bdu‘sd+ oh‘bdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn oh‘bhtsn+ rdh oh‘bhtsn+ é
oh‘bhtsn+ rh‘ln oh‘bhtsh+ rhdsd oh‘bhtsh+ rnmn oh‘bhtsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 oh‘bbh‘+ oh‘bbh‘+
oh‘bbh‘+ oh‘bbh‘ln+ oh‘bbh‘sd+ oh‘bbh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 oh‘bdrrh+ oh‘bdrrh+ oh‘bdrrd+ oh‘,
bdrrhln+ oh‘bdrsd+ oh‘bdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 oh‘bdqdh+ oh‘bdqdrsh+ oh‘bdqdaad+ oh‘bd,
qdlln+ oh‘bdqdrsd+ oh‘bdqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 oh‘bh+ oh‘bbh‘+ oh‘bbh‘ln+ oh‘bdsd+ oh‘b,
bh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 oh‘bhtsn-

ONSDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 onrrn+ otnh+ otì+ onrrh‘ln+ onsdsd+ onrrnmn: hmc- ets-9 onsqì+ onsq‘h+ on,
sqÈ+ onsqdln+ onsqdsd+ onsq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 onsdun+ onsduh+ onsdu‘+ onsdu‘ln+ on,
sdu‘sd+ onsdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn.rnmn onstsn+ g‘h.rdh onstsn+ g‘.é onstsn+ ‘a,
ah‘ln onstsn.rh‘ln onstsh+ ‘udsd onstsn.rhdsd onstsh+ g‘mmn onstsn.rnmn onstsh:
bnmf- oqdr-9 onrr‘+ onrr‘+ onrr‘+ onrrh‘ln+ onrrh‘sd+ onrr‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 onsdrrh+
onsdrrh+ onsdrrd+ onsdrrhln+ onsdrsd+ onsdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 onsqdh+ onsqdrsh+ on,
sqdaad+ onsqdlln+ onsqdrsd+ onsqdaadqn: oVqs- oVrr-9 onstsn-

R?IHQD
hmc- oqdr-9 r‘kfn+ r‘kh+ r‘kd+ r‘kh‘ln+ r‘khsd+ r‘kfnmn: hmc- ets-9 r‘khqì+ r‘khq‘h+ r‘khqÈ+ r‘kh,
qdln+ r‘khqdsd+ r‘khq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 r‘khun+ r‘khuh+ r‘khu‘+ r‘khu‘ln+ r‘khu‘sd+ r‘khu‘mn:
hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn r‘khsn+ rdh r‘khsn+ é r‘khsn+ rh‘ln r‘khsh+ rhdsd r‘khsh+ rnmn r‘khsh:
bnmf- oqdr-9 r‘kf‘+ r‘kf‘+ r‘kf‘+ r‘kh‘ln+ r‘kh‘sd+ r‘kf‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 r‘khrrh+ r‘khrrh+ r‘,
khrrd+ r‘khrrhln+ r‘khrsd+ r‘khrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 r‘khqdh+ r‘khqdrsh+ r‘khqdaad+ r‘khqdlln+ r‘,
khqdrsd+ r‘khqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 r‘kh+ r‘kf‘+ r‘kh‘ln+ r‘khsd+ r‘kf‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 r‘khsn-

R?ODQD
hmc- oqdr-9 rn+ r‘h+ r‘+ r‘ooh‘ln+ r‘odsd+ r‘mmn: hmc- ets-9 r‘oqì+ r‘oq‘h+ r‘oqÈ+ r‘oqd,
ln+ r‘oqdsd+ r‘oq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 r‘odun+ r‘oduh+ r‘odu‘+ r‘odu‘ln+ r‘odu‘sd+ r‘,
odu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn r‘otsn+ g‘h r‘otsn+ g‘ r‘otsn+ ‘aah‘ln r‘otsn+ ‘udsd
r‘otsn+ g‘mmn r‘otsn: bnmf- oqdr-9 r‘ooh‘+ r‘ooh‘+ r‘ooh‘+ r‘ooh‘ln+ r‘ooh‘sd+ r‘o,
oh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 r‘odrrh+ r‘odrrh+ r‘odrrd+ r‘odrrhln+ r‘odrsd+ r‘odrrdqn: bnmc-
oqdr-9 r‘oqdh+ r‘oqdrsh+ r‘oqdaad+ r‘oqdlln+ r‘oqdrsd+ r‘oqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 r‘ooh+
r‘ooh‘+ r‘ooh‘ln+ r‘ooh‘sd+ r‘ooh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 r‘otsn-

RDCDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 rhdcn+ rhdch+ rhdcd+ rdch‘ln+ rdcdsd+ rhdcnmn: hmc- ets-9 rdcdqì+ rdcdq‘h+ rd,
cdqÈ+ rdcdqdln+ rdcdqdsd+ rdcdq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 rdcdun+ rdcduh+ rdcdu‘+ rdcdu‘ln+
rdcdu‘sd+ rdcdu‘mn: bnmf- oqdr-9 rhdc‘+ rhdc‘+ rhdc‘+ rdch‘ln+ rdch‘sd+ rhdc‘mn: bnmf-
hlo-9 rdcdrrh+ rdcdrrh+ rdcdrrd+ rdcdrrhln+ rdcdrsd+ rdcdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 rdcdqdh+
rdcdqdrsh+ rdcdqdaad+ rdcdqdlln+ rdcdqdrsd+ rdcdqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 rhdch+ rhdc‘+ rd,
ch‘ln+ rdcdsd+ rhdc‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 rdctsn-

042
 RS?QD
9OODMCGAG

hmc- oqdr-9 rsn+ rs‘h+ rs‘+ rsh‘ln+ rs‘sd+ rs‘mmn: hmc- ets-9 rs‘qì+ rs‘q‘h+ rs‘qÈ+ rs‘qdln+
rs‘qdsd+ rs‘q‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 rs‘un+ rs‘uh+ rs‘u‘+ rs‘u‘ln+ rs‘u‘sd+ rs‘u‘mn: hmc- oVrr-
oqnrr-9 rnmn rs‘sn+ rdh rs‘sn+ é rs‘sn+ rh‘ln rs‘sh+ rhdsd rs‘sh+ rnmn rs‘sh: bnmf- oqdr-9
rsh‘+ rsh‘+ rsh‘+ rsh‘ln+ rsh‘sd+ rsh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 rsdrrh+ rsdrrh+ rsdrrd+ rsdrrhln+ rsdrsd+
rsdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 rs‘qdh+ rs‘qdrsh+ rs‘qdaad+ rs‘qdlln+ rs‘qdrsd+ rs‘qdaadqn: hl,
odqVs-9 rs‘% ’rs‘h+ rs‘(+ rsh‘+ rsh‘ln+ rs‘sd+ rsh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 rs‘sn-

SDMDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 sdmfn+ shdmh+ shdmd+ sdmh‘ln+ sdmdsd+ sdmfnmn: hmc- ets-9 sdqqì+ sdqq‘h+ sdqqÈ+
sdqqdln+ sdqqdsd+ sdqq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 sdmdun+ sdmduh+ sdmdu‘+ sdmdu‘ln+sdmdu‘sd+sd,
mdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn sdmtsn+ g‘h sdmtsn+ g‘ sdmtsn+ ‘aah‘ln sdmtsn+ ‘udsd
sdmtsn+ g‘mmn sdmtsn: bnmf- oqdr-9 sdmf‘+ sdmf‘+ sdmf‘+ sdmh‘ln+ sdmh‘sd+ sdmf‘mn:
bnmf- hlo-9 sdmdrrh+ sdmdrrh+ sdmdrrd+ sdmdrrhln+ sdmdrsd+ sdmdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 sdq,
qdh+ sdqqdrsh+ sdqqdaad+ sdqqdlln+ sdqqdrsd+ sdqqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 shdmh+ sdmf‘+ sdmh‘,
ln+ sdmdsd+ sdmf‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 sdmtsn-

TRBHQD
hmc- oqdr-9 drbn+ drbh+ drbd+ trbh‘ln+ trbhsd+ drbnmn: hmc- ets-9 trbhqì+ trbhq‘h+ trbhqÈ+
trbhqdln+ trbhqdsd+ trbhq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 trbhun+ trbhuh+ trbhu‘+ trbhu‘ln+ trbhu‘sd+
trbhu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn trbhsn+ rdh trbhsn+ é trbhsn+ rh‘ln trbhsh+ rhdsd trbhsh+
rnmn trbhsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 drb‘+ drb‘+ drb‘+ trbh‘ln+ trbh‘sd+ drb‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 trbhr,
rh+ trbhrrh+ trbhrrd+ trbhrrhln+ trbhrsd+ trbhrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 trbhqdh+ trbhqdrsh+ trbh,
qdaad+ trbhqdlln+ trbhqdrsd+ trbhqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 drbh+ drb‘+ trbh‘ln+ trbhsd+ drb‘,
mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 trbhsn-

UDCDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 udcn+ udch+ udcd+ udch‘ln+ udcdsd+ udcnmn: hmc- ets-9 udcqì+ udcq‘h+ ud,
cqÈ+ udcqdln+ udcqdsd+ udcq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 udcdun+ udcduh+ udcdu‘+ udcdu‘ln+ ud,
cdu‘sd+ udcdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn uhrsn+ g‘h uhrsn+ g‘ uhrsn+ ‘aah‘ln uhrsn+ ‘ud,
sd uhrsn+ g‘mmn uhrsn: bnmf- oqdr-9 udc‘+ udc‘+ udc‘+ udch‘ln+ udch‘sd+ udc‘mn: bnmf-
hlo-9 udcdrrh+ udcdrrh+ udcdrrd+ udcdrrhln+ udcdrsd+ udcdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 udcqdh+
udcqdrsh+ udcqdaad+ udcqdlln+ udcqdrsd+ udcqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 udch+ udc‘+ udch‘,
ln+ udcdsd+ udc‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 uhrsn-

UDMHQD
hmc- oqdr-9 udmfn+ uhdmh+ uhdmd+ udmh‘ln+ udmhsd+ udmfnmn: hmc- ets-9 udqqì+ udqq‘h+
udqqÈ+ udqqdln+ udqqdsd+ udqq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 udmhun+ udmhuh+ udmhu‘+ udmhu‘ln+ udmh,
u‘sd+ udmhu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 rnmn udmtsn+ rdh udmtsn+ é udmtsn+ rh‘ln udmtsh+
rhdsd udmtsh+ rnmn udmtsh: bnmf- oqdr-9 udmf‘+ udmf‘+ udmf‘+ udmh‘ln+ udmh‘sd+ udm,
f‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 udmhrrh+ udmhrrh+ udmhrrd+ udmhrrhln+ udmhrsd+ udmhrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9
udqqdh+ udqqdrsh+ udqqdaad+ udqqdlln+ udqqdrsd+ udqqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 uhdmh+ udmf‘+
udmh‘ln+ udmhsd+ udmf‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 udmtsn-

043
UHUDQD

9OODMCGAG
hmc- oqdr-9 uhun+ uhuh+ uhud+ uhuh‘ln+ uhudsd+ uhunmn: hmc- ets-9 uhuqì+ uhuq‘h+ uhuqÈ+ uhuqd,
ln+ uhuqdsd+ uhuq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 uhudun+ uhuduh+ uhudu‘+ uhudu‘ln+ uhudu‘sd+ uhudu‘,
mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn.rnmn uhrrtsn+ g‘h.rdh uhrrtsn+ g‘.é uhrrtsn+ ‘aah‘ln uhrrt,
sn.rh‘ln uhrrtsh+ ‘udsd uhrrtsn.rhdsd uhrrtsh+ g‘mmn uhrrtsn.rnmn uhrrtsh: bnmf- oqdr-9
uhu‘+ uhu‘+ uhu‘+ uhuh‘ln+ uhuh‘sd+ uhu‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 uhudrrh+ uhudrrh+ uhudrrd+ uhudrrh,
ln+ uhudrsd+ uhudrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 uhuqdh+ uhuqdrsh+ uhuqdaad+ uhuqdlln+ uhuqdrsd+ uh,
uqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 uhuh+ uhu‘+ uhuh‘ln+ uhudsd+ uhu‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 uhrrtsn-

UNIDQD
hmc- oqdr-9 unfkhn+ utnh+ utnkd+ unfkh‘ln+ unkdsd+ unfkhnmn: hmc- ets-9 unqqì+ unqq‘h+
unqqÈ+ unqqdln+ unqqdsd+ unqq‘mmn: hmc- hlo-9 unkdun+ unkduh+ unkdu‘+ unkdu‘ln+ un,
kdu‘sd+ unkdu‘mn: hmc- oVrr- oqnrr-9 gn.rnmn unktsn+ g‘h.rdh unktsn+ g‘.é unktsn+ ‘a,
ah‘ln unktsn.rh‘ln unktsh+ ‘udsd unktsn.rnmn unktsh+ g‘mmn unktsn.rnmn unktsh:
bnmf- oqdr-9 unfkh‘+ unfkh‘+ unfkh‘+ unfkh‘ln+ unfkh‘sd+ unfkh‘mn: bnmf- hlo-9 unkdrrh+
unkdrrh+ unkdrrd+ unkdrrhln+ unkdrsd+ unkdrrdqn: bnmc- oqdr-9 unqqdh+ unqqdrsh+ unqqdaad+
unqqdlln+ unqqdrsd+ unqqdaadqn: hlodqVs-9 ’unfkh(+ unfkh‘+ unfkh‘ln+ unfkh‘sd+ un,
fkh‘mn: oVqs- oVrr-9 unktsn-

044
 I HS?IH?
9OODMCGAG

INE
?c
hf
d
SQDMSN
?NRS?
SQHDRSD
LHI?MN UDMDVH?
On
SNQHMN
ANINFM?
FDMNU?
N
L?Q IHFTQD ?qmn EHQDMVD N ?MBNM?
L
A

?Q
ODQTFH? ?C
L

QH
?S
Sdu

I ?PTHI? HB
L

N
d qd

L
E

QNL?
B?LONA?RRN E
A?QH

L ONSDMV?
?Q M?ONIH
SH
QQ
DM
N
B?FIH?QH HN
M
HN
B?S?MV?QN ?Q
L

O?IDQLN

L?Q LDCHSDQQ?MDN

045
QDFHNMH+ OQNUHMBD+ RHFID ?TSNLNAHIHRSHBGD+

9OODMCGAG
B?O+ OQDEHRRH SDIDENMHBH

U?IID C ?NRS? Enqkè EN 360// /432 OTFIH?

?nrs‘ ?N 000// /054 Lncdm‘ LN 300// /48 A‘qh A? 6/0// /7/
O‘ql‘ OQ 320// /410 Aqhmchrh AQ 610// /720
Oh‘bdmy‘ OB 180// /412 Enffh‘ EF 600// /770
OHDLNMSD Q‘udmm‘ Q? 370// /433 Kdbbd KD 620// /721
?kdrr‘mcqh‘ ?K 040// /020 Qdffhn D- QD 310// /411 S‘q‘msn S? 630// /88
?rsh ?S 030// /030 Qhlhmh QM 368// /430
Ahdkk‘ AH 028// /04
Btmdn BM 010// /060 A?RHIHB?S?
Mnu‘q‘ MN 170// /210 SNRB?M? L‘sdq‘ LS 640// /724
Snqhmn SN 0/0// /00 ?qdyyn ?Q 410// /464 Onsdmy‘ OW 740// /860
Udqa‘mh‘ UA 178// /212 Ehqdmyd EH 4/0// /44
Udqbdkkh UB 020// /050 Fqnrrdsn FQ 470// /453
Khunqmn KH 460// /475 B?I?AQH?
Ktbb‘ KT 440// /472 B‘s‘my‘qn BW 770// /850
IHFTQH? L‘rr‘ B- LR 430// /474 Bnrdmy‘ BR 760// /873
Fdmnu‘ FD 050// /0/ Ohr‘ OH 450// /4/ Bqnsnmd JQ 778// /851
Hlodqh‘ HL 070// /072 Ohrsnh‘ OS 400// /462 Qdffhn B- QB 780// /854
K‘ Rodyh‘ RO 080// /076 Oq‘sn ON 480// /463 Uhan U‘kdmsh‘UU 788// /852
R‘unm‘ RU 060// /08 Rhdm‘ RH 420// /466
RHBHIH?
INLA?QCH? L?QBGD ?fqhfdmsn ?F 810// /811
Adqf‘ln AF 130// /24 ?mbnm‘ ?M 5/0// /60 B‘ks‘mhrrdss‘ BK 820// /823
Aqdrbh‘ AR 140// /2/ ?rbnkh Ohbdmn ?O 520// /625 B‘s‘mh‘ BS 840// /84
Bnln BN 110// /20 L‘bdq‘s‘ LB 510// /622 Dmm‘ DM 830// /824
Bqdlnm‘ BQ 150// /261 Odr‘qnTqahmn OT 500// /610 Ldrrhm‘ LD 870// /8/
Kdbbn KB 128// /230 O‘kdqln O? 8/0// /80
Knch KN 158// /260 Q‘ftr‘ QF 860// /821
L‘msnu‘ LM 350// /265 TLAQH? Rhq‘btr‘ RQ 850// /820
Lhk‘mn LH 1/0// /1 Odqtfh‘ OF /50// /64 Sq‘o‘mh SO 800// /812
O‘uh‘ OU 160// /271 Sdqmh SQ /40// /633
Rnmcqhn RN 120// /231
U‘qdrd U? 100// /221 R?QCDFM?
B‘fkh‘qh B? /80// /6/
I?VHN
Mtnqn MT /70// /673
Eqnrhmnmd EQ /20// /664
SQDMSHMN,?ISN ?CHFD K‘shm‘ KS /30// /662
Nqhrs‘mn NQ /806/ /672
Anky‘mn AW 280// /360 R‘rr‘qh RR /60// /68
Qhdsh QH /10// /635
Sqdmsn SM 270// /350 Qnl‘ QNL? //0// /5
Uhsdqan US /00// /650
UDMDSN
Adkktmn AK 210// /326
?AQTVVN
O‘cnu‘ OC 240// /38
Bghdsh BG 550// /760
Qnuhfn QN 340// /314
K%?pthk‘ ?P 560// /751
Sqduhrn SU 200// /311
Odrb‘q‘ OD 540// /74
Udmdyh‘ UD 2/0// /30
Sdq‘ln SD 530// /750
Udqnm‘ UQ 260// /34
Uhbdmy‘ UH 250// /333
LNIHRD
EQHTIH,UDMDVH? FHTIH? B‘lona‘rrn BA 750// /763
Fnqhyh‘ FN 2306/ /370 Hrdqmh‘ HR 7506/ /754
Onqcdmnmd OM 2206/ /323
Sqhdrsd SR 230// /3/
Tchmd TC 220// /321 B?LO?MH?
?udkkhmn ?U 720// /714
Admdudmsn AM 710// /713
DLHIH? QNL?FM? B‘rdqs‘ BD 700// /712
Anknfm‘ AN 3/0// /40 M‘onkh M? 7/0// /70
Edqq‘q‘ ED 330// /421 R‘kdqmn R? 730// /78

046
 NQCHM?LDMSN CDII? QDOTAAIHB? HS?IH?M?
9OODMCGAG

HI ONONIN HS?IH?MN
Dkdssnqh8 cnmmd d tnlhmh lVffhnqdmmh

HI OQDRHCDMSD CDII? QDOTAAIHB?

Dkdssn cVk OVqkVldmsn nfmh rdssd Vmmh

Onsdpd idfhriZshun
HI O?QI?LDMSN
Dkdssn cVk ononkn nfmh bhmptd Vmmh

I? B?LDQ? HI RDM?SN
BnlonrsV cV 52/ cdotsVsh Bnlonrsn cV 204 rdmVsnqh

Onsdpd drdatshun
HI FNUDQMN

HI OQDRHCDMSD CDI BNMRHFIHN HI BNMRHFIHN CDH LHMHRSQH

MnlhmVsn cVk Oqdrhcdmsd MnlhmVsn cVk Oqdrhcdmsd cdk
cdkkV QdotaakhbV Bnmrhfkhn d VooqnuVsn cVk OVqkVldmsn

Onsdpd fhtchvhZphn
I? L?FHRSQ?STQ?

FHTRSHVH? BHUHID FHTRSHVH? ODM?ID

Fhtchbd bnmbhkhVsnqd) Oqdsnqd) Oqdsnqd) SqhatmVkd) Bnqsd c!?rrhrd)
SqhatmVkd) Bnqsd c!?oodkkn) Bnqsd c!?oodkkn) Bnqsd c!?rrhrd
Bnqsd ch BVrrVvhnmd c!?oodkkn) Bnqsd ch BVrrVvhnmd

047
B?IDMC?QHN CDIID EDRSD BHUHIH

9OODMCGAG
D CDII? SQ?CHVHNMD B?SSNIHB? HM HS?IH?
0 fdmmZhn
BVoncVmmn- ı sq‘chyhnmd r‘kts‘qd k%‘qqhun cdk mtnun ‘mmn bnm
edrsd bgd hmhyh‘mn k‘ rdq‘ cdk 20 chbdlaqd d rh oqnsq‘ffnmn eh,
mn ‘k l‘sshmn rtbbdrrhun-
5 fdmmZhn
DoheVmhV- H bqhrsh‘mh qhbnqc‘mn k‘ uhrhs‘ cdh L‘fh ‘ Fdrò A‘l,
ahmn- Hm Hs‘kh‘ b%é k‘ sq‘chyhnmd cdkk‘ Ade‘m‘+ bgd onqs‘ cn,
mh ‘h a‘lahmh- ı edrs‘ ‘ stssh fkh deedssh bhuhkh-
lZqvn,Zoqhid
OVrptV- ı k‘ oqhl‘ cnldmhb‘ cnon hk okdmhktmhn ch oqhl‘udq‘- Odq
h bqhrsh‘mh é k‘ edrs‘ cdkk‘ Qdrtqqdyhnmd ch Fdrò Bqhrsn- Rh qdf‘k‘mn
tnu‘ ch bhnbbnk‘sn d cnkbh ‘ enql‘ ch bnknla‘-
Itmdcè cdkk!?mfdkn n OVrptdssV- ı hk fhnqmn cnon O‘rpt‘- Fkh hs‘kh‘,
mh e‘mmn edrs‘ bnm rb‘lo‘fm‘sd d ohbmhb- ı fhnqmn edrshun odq h bqh,
rsh‘mh d ‘mbgd ‘fkh deedssh bhuhkh-
14 Zoqhid
?mmhudqrVqhn cdkkV khadqVvhnmd c‘kk%nbbto‘yhnmd m‘yhrs‘ d cdkk‘ ehmd cdk qdfhld
e‘rbhrs‘ hm Hs‘kh‘ ‘uudmtsd mdk 0834-
0 lZffhn
EdrsV hmsdqmVvhnmVkd cdh kVunqVsnqh- ı tm‘ edrs‘ bhuhkd bgd rh bdkdaq‘ odq ‘eedq,
l‘qd hk chqhssn ‘k k‘unqn odq stssh+ hm bnmchyhnmh ch rhbtqdyy‘ d fhtrs‘ qd,
sqhatyhnmd-
1 fhtfmn
EdrsV cdkkV QdotaakhbV-
04 Zfnrsn
EdrsV cdkk!?rrtmsV- H b‘ssnkhbh qhbnqc‘mn k‘ r‘khs‘ ‘k bhd,
kn ch L‘qh‘+ l‘cqd ch Fdrò Bqhrsn-
Edrs‘ bhuhkd ch EdqqVfnrsn- ı sq‘chyhnm‘kldmsd tm‘
fhnqm‘s‘ ch u‘b‘my‘ cdchb‘s‘ ‘ aqduh uh‘ffh dc
drbtqrhnmh hm knb‘khsÈ ch hmsdqdrrd stqhrshbn-
0 mnudlaqd
Edrs‘ b‘ssnkhb‘ ch NfmhrrVmsh- ı fhnqmn edrshun ‘ stssh fkh deedssh bhuhkh-
1 mnudlaqd
BnlldlnqVvhnmd cdh lnqsh- Edrs‘ qdkhfhnr‘ hm bth kd e‘lhfkhd e‘mmn uhrhs‘ ‘kkd
snlad cdh oqnoqh cdetmsh hm bhlhsdqn-
7 chbdlaqd
Edrs‘ qdkhfhnr‘ cdkk%HllVbnkVsV bnmbdvhnmd- ı fhnqmn edrshun ‘m,
bgd ‘fkh deedssh bhuhkh-
14 chbdlaqd
MVsVkd- H bqhrsh‘mh qhbnqc‘mn k‘ m‘rbhs‘ ch Fdrò Bqhrsn- Hm Hs‘,
kh‘ é sq‘chyhnmd oqdo‘q‘qd hk oqdrdohn d k%‘kadqn ch M‘s‘kd-
15 chbdlaqd
Edrs‘ ch RVmsn RsdeVmn- Hk r‘msn é udmdq‘sn c‘h bqhrsh‘mh
bnld oqhln l‘qshqd cdkk‘ bqhrsh‘mhsÈ- ı tm‘ fhnqm‘s‘ ed,
rshu‘ ‘mbgd bhuhkldmsd-

048