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Best Machine for Data Warehousing Best Machine for OLTP Best Machine for Database Consolidation
Database Grid
8 Dual-processor x64 database servers OR 2 Eight-processor x64 database servers
InfiniBand Network
Redundant 40Gb/s switches Unified server & storage network
High-performance storage server built from industry standard components 12 disks - 600 GB 15000 RPM High Performance SAS or 2TB 7200 RPM High Capacity SAS 2 Six-Core Intel Xeon Processors (L5640) Dual ported 40 Gb/sec InfiniBand 4 x 96 GB Flash Cards Intelligent Exadata Storage Server Software
Software by Oracle
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Quarter Rack
Half Rack
Full Rack
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Raw Flash1 Usable Capacity with ASM High Perf Disk normal redundancy2 High Cap Disk Usable Capacity with ASM High Perf Disk high redundancy3 High Cap Disk
1 - Raw capacity calculated using standard disk drive raw space terminology of 1 GB = 1000 x 1000 x 1000 bytes and 1 TB = 1000 x 1000 x 1000 x 1000 bytes. 2 - Actual space available for a database after mirroring (ASM normal redundancy) and leaving one empty disk to handle disk failures. Capacity calculated using normal space terminology of 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes. 3 - Actual space available for the database computed after triple mirroring (ASM high redundancy). Capacity calculated using normal space terminology of 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes.
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1 - Bandwidth is peak physical disk scan bandwidth achieved running SQL, assuming no compression. 2 - IOPs Based on peak IO requests of size 8K running SQL. Note that other products quote IOPs based on 2K, 4K or smaller IO sizes that are not relevant for databases. 3 - Actual performance will vary by application. 4 - Load rates are typically limited by CPU, not IO. Rates vary based on load method, indexes, data types, compression, and partitioning
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SUM
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Database Servers
Perform complex database processing such as joins, aggregation, etc.
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Index
Exadata Storage Indexes maintain summary information about table data in memory
Store MIN and MAX values of columns Typically one index entry for every MB of disk
Min B = 1 Max B =5 Eliminates disk I/Os if MIN and MAX can never match where clause of a query
Select * from Table where B<2 - Only first set of rows can match
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Storage index provides partition pruning like performance for queries on Ship_Date and Order#
Takes advantage of ordering created by partitioning or sorted loading
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Dimension
Name M
Bloom filter constructed with min/max for M Perform IO and apply bloom filter
Fact
A M C D 1 3 5 5
Skip IO Due to Storage Index
5 5
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Faster and Simpler Backup, DR, Caching, Reorg, Clone Benefits Multiply
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Exadata servers offload filtering, projection, etc. for scans on compressed data
Indexed accesses return compressed blocks to database so buffer cache benefits from compression
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Database A
Database B
Ensure different users and tasks within a database are allocated the correct relative amount of I/O bandwidth
Database A: Reporting: 60% of I/O resources ETL: 40% of I/O resources Database B: Interactive: 30% of I/O resources Batch: 70% of I/O resources
InfiniBand Switch/Network
Exadata Cell
Exadata Cell
Exadata Cell
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Server Pools
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ETL
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Comprehensive CLI
Local Exadata Storage cell management Distributed shell utility to execute CLI across multiple cells
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Fault occurs
Customer
ASR Manager
ASR Service
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Near zero overhead for fully encrypted database Queries decrypt data at hundreds of Gigabytes/second
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75 GB/sec!
Flash
Fastest Disk Throughput Much Faster with Flash 50 TB of data fits in Flash
Using 10x Query Compression 10 20
< 38
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Flash
Disk
Disk
Disk
Netezza
TwinFin 12
Teradata
2650 4600
Exadata
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75 GB/sec!
Flash
Exadata is fastest
and scales with more racks
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Disk
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???
NetApp IBM Hitachi EMC Exadata Exadata 6080 DS8700 USP V VMAX V2 V2
Multiple Racks
Copyright 2010, Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates
1 Rack
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4X
3X 7X
41X for 4600
flash appliance
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Exadata is Faster and 6X Lower Cost than IBMs Best - Power 795 2 Exadata X2-8 $3,000,000
More CPU Cores More I/O Performance Same Storage Capacity
Excluding Exadata compression!
HA Configuration
$18,860,000
Comparison of Hardware Prices
Copyright 2010, Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates
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Best for Data Warehousing Best for OLTP Best for Database Consolidation
Fastest, Lowest Cost
Hardware Decryption
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Resources
Oracle.com:
http://www.oracle.com/exadata
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