ePhysics

EM
Stress Thermal

Qing-Ming Chen Senior EM Engineer Ansoft Japan 2004.3.16

What is ePhysics?
ePhysics extends the capability of Ansofts Maxwell & HFSS, with new coupled-analysis capabilities.
3D Thermal Transient Analysis 3D Thermal Steady-State Analysis 3D Linear Stress Analysis

Thermal Analysis Features

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Heat Transfer Mechanisms w Conduction w Convection w Radiation Volumetric and Surface Source/Boundary Conditions Automatic Power Loss Mapping from EM Analysis Executive Parameters w Average Temperature w Temperature of Hot/Cold spots w Coordinates of Hot/Cold spots

COUPLES WITH MAXWELL, HFSS, STRESS

Stress Analysis Features

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Automatic field mapping w EM Thermal Stress Calculates Deformation & Von Mises Stress Distributions Executive Parameters w Maximum Principal Stress w Orientation of Principal Planes w Maximum Von Mises Stress w Maximum Stress Coordinates

COUPLES WITH MAXWELL, THERMAL

Maxwell - ePhysics Coupling

Maxwell
Magnetostatic Eddy Current Transient w/Motion Electrostatic
EM Field Power Loss

ePhysics
Thermal

EM Field

Force Distribution

Stress

Optimetrics
Update Maxwell Parameters Materials, Sources, Geometry

Maxwell - ePhysics
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Coupled-Analysis
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Magnetostatic Thermal Magnetostatic Stress Magnetostatic Thermal Stress Eddy Current Thermal Eddy Current Stress Eddy Current - Thermal Stress Electrostatic Stress Transient - Stress Thermal - Stress

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Electromechanical Applications
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MEMS Motor & Generator Electrical apparatus PCB Packages & IGBT

Example 1: MEMS
Heatuator Electro-Thermal Actuator

Controlled Micro Machine

Displacement

DC current

Conduction Solver

Thermal Solver

Stress Solver

Example:

DC Current Solver
Sc ala r Po te nt ial

DC

Cu rre nt

Example: Magnetostatic Solver

Example: Thermal Solver

Example: Stress Solver

Temperature on the animated surface

Di sp

lac

em en t

Example: Strain Energy & Von Mises Stress

Vo

nM ise s

Eq uiv ale

St

ra i

En

nt St re ss

er

gy

De

ns

ity

Example : Motor & Generator 3D Induction Motor: Eddy Thermal

Eddy Mesh

Example : Motor & Generator 3D Induction Motor: Eddy Thermal

Rotor Stator

Example : Motor & Generator Claw Pole Alternator: Transient Static Thermal
Stress Distribution In a tooth

Claw Pole Alternator Displacement in a tooth Magnified x1000

Example : Optimetrics + ePhysics

Loop Analysis EddyThermalConductivity Calibration Eddy

For Loss

Thermal
For Average T

Loop Analysis
Conductivity
Maxwell Optimetrics is needed

Example : Optimetrics + ePhysics

Loop Analysis EddyThermalConductivity Calibration

Model Mesh in Thermal analysis

Example : Optimetrics + ePhysics

Loop Analysis EddyThermalConductivity Calibration

Distribution of Temperature

Example : Optimetrics + ePhysic Loop Analysis

EddyThermalConductivity Calibration
Loop
Set up Variable

Control Function

Example: Optimetrics + ePhysics Loop Analysis EddyThermalConductivity Calibration

Loop Result Convergence!!

Example 4:

Packages

Example 4: PCB
Layer 1 (FR4) Layer 2 (FR4) Copper Layer i (FR4) Layer N (FR4)

-4 layers of FR4 0.25 W/m K -2 inner layerscopper 390 W/m K -35 m copper film (1oz/ft2)

IN PLANE = 17.4W / mK THROUGH = 0.26W / mK

17.4 0 0 = 0 17.4 0 0 0 0.26

Tensor of Thermal Conductivity

Example 4:

CPGA

Temperature

Q vector

Example 4:

SBGA
<10% heat flow

0.66 W

2W

>90% Vector distribution

1.14 W

Example 4: PCB

Analysis

Temperature distribution on cut-planes

Example 4:

IGBT Application
Hot spots in device

Average temperature of wire

Temperature distribution

HFSS - ePhysics Coupling

ePhysics HFSS
Power Loss Geometry

Thermal
Temperature

Stress

High Frequency Applications

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HFSS-Thermal
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RF Heating Packaging High Power Components Filters Biomedical

HFSS-Thermal-Structural
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MEMS, Filters

BGA Package
HFSS-Thermal

Temperature Distribution due to losses in: Chip Bond Wires Leads Dielectrics

courtesy of TNO-FEL, the Netherlands

15 MHz Pass Band Filter

HFSS-Thermal-Stress
Final temperature distribution Reflection (S11) Transmission (S21)

Deformation

HF Cable
HFSS-Thermal
Convection- radiation thermal boundary condition

ePhysics HFSS
Coax cable (50 Ohm impedance); 1 GHz; 100 Watts; Copper modeled with a surface impedance boundary condition; Losses in copper are applied as thermal sources at the surface of the conductors. Losses in dielectrics are applied as volumetrically distributed thermal sources.

HF Cable
HFSS-Thermal

Average temperature Temperature distribution Heat flow

Summary
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Powerful EM-Coupled Analysis Limits Need to Export Models Saves Time