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Greek letters are frequently used in Engineering and other Math and Science fields as symbols for: (1)

Constants (like p), (2) Special Functions (like S) and S), (3) Variables for specific types of quantities (like t). Engineering most commonly uses Greek letters as variables.

Upper Case

Lower Case

Name (Pron.) Alpha


(al-fah)

Engineering Variables
Other Usages in Related Fields a = Angular Acceleration (t/I) t
a in statistics = significance of a result a in physics = alpha particle

Upper Case

Lower Case

Name (Pron.) Nu
(nyoo)

Engineering Variables
Other Usages in Related Fields n = Poisson's ratio
(-Detrans/Deaxial) De De n in physics, frequency of wavelength n in modern physics, neutrino

A B G D E Z H Q I K L M

a b g d e z h q i k l m

Beta
(bay-tah) b in cognitive science = beta brain waves
b in physics = beta particle

Gamma g = Specific Weight of a material


G in probability = gamma-function (gam-ah) G in statistics = gamma distribution g in physics = gamma radiation

Delta
(del-ta)

D = Change in a quantity d = Deflection of a beam


D in chemistry = Heat D in differential calculus = Laplacian operator

D Epsilon e = Strain (DL/L) (ep-si-lon) e in math = a small positive quantity

Zeta
(zay-tah) z in number theory = zeta-function

Eta
(ay-tah)
h in linear algebra = eta-function h in optics = index of refraction

Theta

q = degree of an Angle (primary)

(thay-tah) Q in number theory = Theta functions

Iota
(yo-tah)

D Kappa k = Spring constant (-F/Dx) (cap-ah) k in math = Curvature

Lamda l = Stretch ratio (l/L)


(lamb-dah)
L in cosmology = Cosmological constant l in optics = distance of a wavelength

Mu
(myoo)

m = Coefficient of Friction (Ff/FN)


m in statistics = population mean m in number theory = Mobius function m in SI units = micro

N X O P R S T U F C Y W

n x o p r s t u f c y w

Xi
(k-see)
x in math = a random variable x in set theory = universal set

Omicron
(oh-me-cron) O in computer science = big O notation

Pi
(pie)

p = Archimedes constant (3.14159265358979323846264)


P in math = Product operator p in microeconomics & game theory = profit

Rho
(roe)

r = Density of a material (mass/volume)


r in math = radius of polar coordinates

Sigma s = Normal Stress (F /A) N


(sig-mah)
s in probability = Standard Deviation

S = Sum of a sequence

Tau
(tao)

t = Torque (F*r) t = Shear Stress (F /A)


t in astronomy = prefix for star name t in relativity = Proper Time

Upsilon
(up-si-lon) u in particle physics, an elementary particle

Phi
(fee)

f = degree of Angle (secondary)


f in modern algebra = a group f in math, art, & architecture = the Golden Ratio (1.618)

Chi
(kie)
c in statistics = Chi-distribution

Psi
(sigh)
Y in quantum mechanics = wave function y in vehicle dynamics = yaw angle

Omega w = Angular Velocity (v/r)


W in SI units = Ohms (measure of electrical (oh-may-gah) resistance) w in math = Omega constant (0.5671)

JAB 09/2011

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