Extended Summary of Dissertation Topic for M.Tech (Sequential) Programme Programme: Study Center: Batch: Branch: M.

Tech (Sequential), UPTU, Lucknow. BBDNITM, Lucknow. 2006- 2009. Computer Science & Engineering.

Name of Candidate: Mr. Amit Das Roll No. 6505410023

Name of Supervisor: Dr. Bireshwar Dass Mazumdar Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Topic: Agent Based Customer Orientation and Negotiation in B2C E-Commerce.

MAJOR AREA: E-commerce and Business application. Brief Plan of work: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. To study the concept of agent and multiagent. To study the different agents of B2C e-commerce. To study the characteristics of agents. To study the performance of agent on nature and number of task. To study the BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) theory/model. To develop UML based model for multiagent B2C e-commerce. To study the concept of data mining.

Relevance of proposed work: 1. 2. 3. It would be useful for business organization for implementation B2C eCommerce. It would automate B2C e-commerce business process. For the reference it would open a raw avenue for the person doing research in E-commerce based application.

Extended summary: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Study of different E-commerce activities. To study the different data mining methods. Study of multiagent, agent characteristics and agent performance. Study of different tasks of B2C Ecommerce. To study the Dependence of agent performance on nature and number of tasks. To study the BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) theory/model. To prepare agent performance profile i.e. belief, desire, preference, choice and intention according to BDI model.

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

To construct a model using UML tools. To define agent and task relation. To construct a coordinating agent between agent and task. To study trust value between agent. To compute different parameters of agent according to BDI model. To construct interaction between agent.

Major facilities: Computer lab, Library, Research Papers, Software Tools, UML Tools etc. Name of work place: Institute of Technology & Management, Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh. Department of Computer Engineering, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.

Introduction to Agent Based System Agent based system model has been extensively used in the different tasks of ecommerce such as negotiation in B2B or B2C. By increasing the degree and the sophistication of the automation, on both the buyers or contractee and the sellers or contractor, benefit to the buyers or contractee and the sellers or contractor can be enhanced .We focus our research on local cooperation which occurs when two or more agents, while negotiating over an issue, try to find a solution that increases the sum of their local utilities, without taking into account the rest of the agents in the system. The contract net protocol is most common mechanism of negotiation. In this work we will use a BDI model for agents, mental attitudes are used to model its cognitive capabilities. These mental attitudes include beliefs, desires and intentions along with as preferences, obligations, commitments, et cetera. These attributes help to understand the commitment capability of negotiating agent. In this work we present two mathematical models. First cognitive computational model; this is used for selection of best contractor agent and the second utility computation model which is used for negotiation between contractor and contractee for achieve maximum CUI. The problem description section describes the basic definition of agents according to this model. This section also describes the cognitive model and utility model. Problem Description In a multi-agent system, an agent may need to contract out one of its tasks to another agent. There are several contractor agents. Each contractor agent can do several types of tasks. In order to accomplish this task, the agent needs to negotiate with another agent about the appropriate time and approach to execute this task, so that the combined utility can be increased.

Belief-Desire-Intention Theory: Recently A BDI based computational model combined with QoS (quality of service) has been deployed for the selection in semantic web (Garg & Mishra , 2008) with more or less parameter of BDI integrate with business model and utility model.The performance, desire, intention, capability, commitment, trust, preferences, index of negotiation of contractor agent has been computed as follows : Desire Desire can refer can refer to a(desired)state of affairs in the world (and the other agents), but also to (desired) action to be performed. Preference An agents preference plays an active role in social practical reasoning, where an action is to be selected in order for given intention to be fulfilled. Intention Intention is the actually the goal that an agent wants to achieve; an agents intention will give a guideline of what to do. Commitment An agents individual intention towards a states of affairs entails the agentss commitment to acting towards the achievements of that state.

Introduction to Data Mining Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases, is a powerful new technology (Quinlan, 1993) with great potential to help companies focus on the most important information in their data warehouses. Data mining tools predict future trends and behaviors, allowing businesses to make proactive, knowledge-driven decisions. The automated, prospective analyses offered by data mining move beyond the analyses of past events provided by retrospective tools typical of decision support systems. Data mining tools can answer business questions that traditionally were too time consuming to resolve. They scour databases for hidden patterns, finding predictive information that experts may miss because it lies outside their expectations. Most companies already collect and refine massive quantities of data. Data mining techniques (Lavrac, 1999) can be implemented rapidly on existing software and hardware platforms to enhance the value of existing information resources, and can be integrated with new products and systems as they are brought on-line. When implemented on high performance client/server or parallel processing computers, data mining tools can analyze massive databases to deliver answers to questions such as, "Which clients are most likely to respond to my next promotional mailing, and why?" Introduction to Electronic Commerce Even today, some considerable time after the so called dot com/Internet revolution, electronic commerce (e-commerce) remains a relatively new, emerging and constantly changing area of business management and information technology. There has been and continues to be much publicity and discussion about e-commerce. Library catalogues and shelves are filled with books and articles on the subject. However, there remains a sense of confusion, suspicion and misunderstanding surrounding the area, which has been exacerbated by the different contexts in which electronic commerce is used, coupled with the myriad related buzzwords and acronyms. In order to understand electronic commerce it is important to identify the different terms that are used, and to assess their origin and usage. According to the editor-in-chief of International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vladimir Zwass, Electronic commerce is

sharing business information, maintaining business relationships and conducting business transactions by means of telecommunications networks. 1. He maintains that in its purest form, electronic commerce has existed for over 40 years, originating from the electronic transmission of messages during the Berlin airlift in 1948. 2. From this, electronic data interchange (EDI) was the next stage of ecommerce development. In the 1960s a cooperative effort between industry groups produced a first attempt at common electronic data formats. The formats, however, were only for purchasing, transportation and finance data, and were used primarily for intra-industry transactions. It was not until the late 1970s that work began for national Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) standards, which developed well into the early 1990s. B2C Negotiation The internet offers consumers greater benefits from increased information and lower transaction costs, which includes search costs. There are more choices than in the traditional economic environment. At present, B2C e-commerce offers functions focusing on catalogue browsing, term screening and search. Customers have to spend much time searching and scanning to find products which achieve their demands. It can see although users can get a lot of information, it will take much time to filter useful information. In addition, more information does not mean higher efficiency. Although people can buy goods at home, they cannot avoid spending much time reviewing products on internet. Software agent technology is a new approach in e-negotiations. Use of software agents to represent the negotiating parties could greatly decrease efforts and the time needed to complete negotiations. Intelligent agent software is the action of human decision-making behavior in the form of a computer program. Intelligent agent software can help users to perform some actions involving search, negotiation,trade off and so on to improve effectiveness. It also improves the consumers bargaining position with the opposition from the internet and traditional channels. A Negotiation Support System (NSS) refers to a specialized group support system designed to help negotiators achieve optimal settlements. Present an agent-based negotiation support system having the following functionalities: Information sharing among stakeholders, Auto-negotiation between agents, and Modeling of group decision making. Proposed an agent negotiation protocol which depends on utility, similar to the analytic approaches. Much effort has been spent on designing agents for automated negotiation. However, traditional emarketplaces do not use agent technology even though agents could significantly improve the services provided both for the buyers and the sellers. Moreover, prior research only focused on how to achieve maximum profit. The criteria for advanced transactions needs to elaborated, for example, details of giveback and dividend.

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