PARASITOLOGY Urine analysis: 1- label the specimen, the request, and the plastic 10ml tube with the

same numb er then register on the archive book. 2- take a sample of at least 5 mls of the urine, put in the plastic tube labeled above. 3- do the routine part as follows: a- check color and turbidity b- use a dip stick of combi 4 to read (sugar, protein, PH, specific gravity) c-register results on the request 4- Do the microscopic part as follows: a-put the plastic tube in the centrifuge for 5 minutes at 1500 rpm b-discard the suprenatant c-mix the sediment d-transfer a chop of the sediment on a labeled slide with the same number on t he tube e-cover with a cover slide f-read of the microscope under 40x magnification RBC,WBC,costs, amorphous, crystals, parasites, and others are registered/ 5-if the protein on the strip of combi 4 is positive confirm with acid test ACID TEST: -Take 5 ml of the clear urine from the centrifuge tube (supernatant) in another tube, put a 1ml of (salicyl sulfonic acid) -A white cloudy precipitate means a positive test for protein Routine Chemistry: Use combri 10, dip in urine tube, read within 30s-1min. compare the change in th e color of ther ten parameters with that on the kit to give positive or negative results and to give the degree of positivity. The 10 parameters are: Bilirubin, urobilinogen, ketone, glucose, protein, Blood, nitrate, pH, leukocytes, specific gravity. this test is used as a stat urietest are if one or another parameter is requeste d

Bense Jones protein 1- take a sample of 5-8 ml of the urine in a glass tube 2-put in a water bath at 60c for 10 mins all proteins included Bence Jones protein precipitates at this temperature 3-To confirm Bence Jones protein from other proteins raise the temperature to 10 0c. the precipitate must disappear in case of Bence Jones protein==>Positive test; i f precipitate remains==> negative test. Bence Jones protein precipitate at 60c and redissolve at 60c.

Stool Analysis

1- Check the stool consistency for its relation with some parasites (Not require d with the result) -Check for the presence of worms, proglottids, blood and pus. 2- on a glass slide put a drop of normal saline 3-on the top of a wooden applicator stick stick take a cone of about 2mg from th e abnormal aspect of the stool specimen. 4-emulsify the stool sample with the normal saline 5-cover with a cover slide 6-Read under 40x magnification microscope Old method; Occult Blood; use hema screen kit 1-with the applicator apply very thin ammount of stool inside oval I of the hema screen slide, take another different position from another place of the stool. spread inside oval 2 2- Apply 2 drops pf the Hema screen developping solution to test paper over the stool in 1 & 2 3- Read result between 30-60 seconds - any trace of blue color is positive test - no indication of blue color is a negavite test for occult blood

Reducing Sugar - Take a spoon (0.5 g) of cypric sulfate crystals put in 5ml distilled water (gl ass tube) -take a spoon (1 g) of stool specimen in 5 ml normal saline, emulsify well. -take 5 drops pf the stool emulsified above, put in the cuprid sulfide solution, mix well. -put in a water bath boiling at 100c for 10 mins a brick brown collor---> reducing sugar positive No change in collor---> reducing sugar negative Stool pH

Put a drop of normal saline in a slide emulsify a small ammount of stool on top of it use the dip stick of combi 3 or on the PH papers to know the pH of the sto ol.