WORLD DRUG REPORT

2011

6.2 PRODUCTION
6.2.1 Afghanistan
Fact Sheet Afghanistan Opium and Cannabis Surveys 20101
2009
Net opium cultivation (after eradication)2 Cannabis cultivation3 No. of poppy-free provinces4 No. of provinces affected by opium cultivation No. of provinces affected by cannabis cultivation5 Opium poppy eradication Weighted average opium yield Average cannabis resin (garda) yield Potential production of opium in % of global potential opium production Potential production of cannabis resin (garda)6 No. of household involved in opium cultivation7 in % of total population No. of households involved in cannabis cultivation Average farm-gate price (weighted by production) of dry opium at harvest time Average farm-gate price of cannabis resin (best quality, weighted by production) at the time of resin processing Total farm-gate value of opium production in % of GDP8 Total farm-gate value of cannabis resin (garda) production Potential gross export value of opiates in % of GDP Potential net export value of opiates in % of GDP8 Average yearly gross income from opium of opium growing households Average yearly gross income from cannabis of cannabis growing households Income from opium per ha (gross/net) Income from cannabis per ha (gross/net) 123,000 ha (102,000-137,000) 10,000-24,000 ha 20 14 17 5,351 56.1 kg/ha 143 kg/ha 6,900 mt 88% 1,500-3,500 mt 245,200 6% 40,000 (25,000-60,000) US$ 64/kg US$ 35/kg US$ 438 million 4% US$ 39-94 million US$ 2.8 billion 26% US$ 2.3 billion 21% US$ 1,786 US$ 1,553 US$ 3,600 / 2,005 US$ 3,900 / 3,341

Change on 2009
0% * No change No change +2 -57% -48% -12% -48% * +1% +18% +164% +146% +38% * -50% -48% +36% +93% +36% / +45% +131% / +150%

2010
123,000 ha (104,000-145,000) 9,000-29,000 ha 20 14 19 2,316 ha 29.2 kg/ha 128 kg/ha 3,600 mt 74% 1,200-3,700 mt 248,700 6% 47,000 (27,000-88,000) US$ 169/kg US$ 86/kg US$ 605 million 5% US$ 85-263 million US$ 1.4 billion 11% US$ 1.2 billion 9% US$ 2,433 US$ 3,000 US$ 4,900 / 2,900 US$ 9,000 / 8,341

* Due to the uncertainty associated with the estimate, a change rate could not be calculated.

2 3 4

The information in this section comes from the Afghanistan Opium Survey 2010 (UNODC/Ministry of Counter Narcotics) and can also be found at http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/crop-monitoring/ index.html, and the preliminary Afghanistan Cannabis Survey 2010. Source unless otherwise indicated: National Monitoring System supported by UNODC. Figures in brackets represent the upper and lower bounds of the estimation range. Cannabis cultivation was defined as mono-crop cannabis cultivated in fields. Small-scale and mixed cultivation could not be considered. Out of 34 provinces of Afghanistan. Poppy-free provinces are those which are estimated to have less than 100 ha of opium cultivation.

5 6

Cannabis cultivation was defined as mono-crop cannabis cultivated in fields. Small-scale and mixed cultivation could not be considered. Garda is the local term used in Afghanistan for the powder obtained by threshing and sieving the harvested and dried cannabis plants. This process is repeated several times and results in different quality of garda (first, second, ) with varying proportions of resin and other plant matter. Garda is further processed into hashish. Estimates are based on a population of 24.0 million a for 2009 and a population of 24.5 million for 2010 and an average household size of 6.2 persons. Source: Gov. of Afghanistan, Central Statistical Office. Nominal GDP of the respective year. Source: Gov. of Afghanistan, Central Statistical Office.

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World Drug Report 2011

Afghanistan, regional distribution of opium poppy cultivation (ha), 2009 to 2010

Region Southern Western Eastern North-eastern Central Northern Rounded Total 2009 (ha) 103,014 18,800 593 557 132 Poppy-free 123,000 2010 (ha) 100,247 19,909 1,100 1,107 152 Poppy-free 123,000 Change on 2009 -3% 6% 97% 87% 15% NA 0% 2010 (ha) as % of total 82% 16% 1% 1% 0.1% NA 100%

Afghanistan, opium poppy cultivation at provincial level, 2008-2010

UZBEKISTAN
70E

TAJIKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN
Jawzjan Balkh

Kunduz Takhar

Badakhshan

Faryab
2,958

Samangan Baghlan Sari Pul Parwan Panjshir Nuristan Kapisa Laghman Kunar
152 234 719 154

35N

1,100

Badghis Bamyan
360 1,547

35N

Kabul Wardak Logar Paktya Ghazni

483

Nangarhar

Cultivation year
2008

Hirat
14,552

Ghor
7,337

Day Kundi

Khost

2009 2010

Uruzgan Farah Zabul

65,045 25,835

Paktika

International boundaries Province boundaries

ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

30N

2,039

Hilmand

Kandahar

PAKISTAN

Nimroz
30N

0
70E

100

200 km

Geographic projection- WGS 84

Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Opium Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.

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