7.

0 Adding Details to the Drawing

7.1 BHATCH
Draw ► Hatch…
Hatches are shaded patterns which generally represent a cross selection of a mechanical component or
any civil representation. Hatching is used to show details of components by highlighting, using special
patterns. After you invoke the command Hatch and Gradient dialog box will be appeared.

Command: _bhatch

Defining the boundaries for hatch area

There are two methods of defining the boundaries and namely they are
• Picking a point
• Selecting object

Picking a point on the hatching area is the most popular method because after picking a point,
AutoCAD will automatically select the boundaries near to that point.

Instead of picking a point you can define the boundaries by selecting the objects associated to the area
which is going to be hatched. There is a major drawback of this method that is the boundary objects
should be met end- to- end. Therefore this method is used for selecting simple objects.
E
A
H
E
B A
D H

F B
D
C
G F
C
Pick point method G
Selecting object method

7.2 ID
Tools ► Inquiry ► ID Point
ID command finds the coordinates of the specified point. After you specified the point AutoCAD
displays the UCS coordinate values on the command prompt.

Command:ID 
Specify point: Use one of the point fixing methods

7.3 LIST
Tools ► Inquiry ► List
We can find out the parameters and properties of selected objects using this command.

Command:LIST 
Select objects: Select the object using one of the object selecting methods 
 LINE Layer: "0"
Space: Model space
Handle = 37
from point, X= 5.6399 Y= 5.8053 Z= 0.0000
to point, X= 4.7021 Y= 2.9780 Z= 0.0000
Length = 2.9788, Angle in XY Plane = 252
Delta X = -0.9378, Delta Y = -2.8273, Delta Z = 0.0000

7.4 DIST
Tools ► Inquiry ► Distance
To measure the distance between two point AutoCAD gives us a utility DIST

Command: '_dist
Specify first point: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify second point: Use one of the point fixing methods
Distance = 2.9788, Angle in XY Plane = 72, Angle from XY Plane = 0
Delta X = 0.9378, Delta Y = 2.8273, Delta Z = 0.0000

Distance

Delta Y Angle from XY Plane

Angle in XY Plane
Delta X

X
7.5 AREA
Tools ► Inquiry ► Area
Calculate the area and perimeter of objects or defined areas in the drawing. To find the area of a
boundary formed by set of points, select the points in cyclic method where AutoCAD construct an
imaginary polygon passing through the points and lists the area and perimeter of the polygon.

Command: _area
Specify first corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]: Use one of the point fixing methods or enter an option
Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total: Use one of the point fixing methods

Area = 30.9820, Perimeter = 23.0352

2 3 5 6
1 1

10 9

11
1 8 7

Area and Perimeter Defined Area and Perimeter Calculated

7.6 SPLINE
Draw ► Spline
SPLINE fits a smooth curve to a sequence of points within a specified tolerance.

Command: _spline
Specify first point or [Object]: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>: Use one of the point fixing methods

Specify start tangent: Use one of the point fixing methods

Specify end tangent: Use one of the point fixing methods

P2
P4

Start Tangent
End Tangent

P1 P3
P5

8.0 Dimensioning
Dimensioning is the process of adding measurement annotation to a drawing. AutoCAD provides
many ways to dimension objects and many ways to format dimensions. Dimensions show the
measurements of objects, the distances or angles between objects, or the distance of a feature from an
origin specify.

8.1 DIMLINEAR
Dimension ► Linear
Command: _dimlinear
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: Pick the first extension
line origin or press enter  to pick the object

Specify second extension line origin: Pick the first extension line origin
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:
Pick the location of dimension line or enter an option
Dimension text = 7.4050

P1 P2

P3
8.2 DIMALIGNED
Dimension ► Aligned
Command: _dimaligned
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: Pick the first extension
line origin or press enter  to pick the object
Specify second extension line origin: Pick the first extension line origin
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: Pick the location of
dimension line or enter an option
Dimension text = 1.4963

To activate the object selection option you have to press enter key.

P1

Object Selected

8.3 DIMRADIUS
Dimension ► Radius
A radial dimension consists of a radius dimension line with an arrowhead at the arc or circle end.

Command: _dimradius
Select arc or circle: Select the arc or circle which you need to have dimensioning
Dimension text = 1.0000
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: Pick the location of
dimension line or enter an option

8.4 DIMDIAMETER
Dimension ► Diameter
DIMDIAMETER draws different types of diameter dimensions depending on the size of the circle or
arc.
8.5 DIMANGULAR
Dimension ► Angular

Command: _dimangular
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: Select the object or vertex

8.6 DIMBASELINE
Dimension ► Baseline
DIMBASELINE draws a series of related dimensions measured from the same baseline. AutoCAD
offsets each new dimension line to avoid overlaying the previous dimension line.

Command: _dimbaseline
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Pick the second
extension line origin or press 
Dimension text = 1.3610

8.7 DIMCONTINUE
Dimension ► Continue
DIMCONTINUE draws a series of related dimensions, such as several shorter dimensions that add up
to the total measurement. Continued dimensioning is also known as chain dimensioning.

Command: _dimcontinue
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Pick the second
extension line origin or press 
Dimension text = 2.4283
8.8 DIMORDINATE
Dimension ► Ordinate
Ordinate dimensions display the X or Y ordinate of a feature along with a simple leader line. These
dimensions are also known as datum dimensions. AutoCAD uses the current user coordinate system
(UCS) to determine the measured X or Y ordinate and draws the leaser line in a direction orthogonal to
the axes of the current UCS.

Command:DIMORDINATE
Specify feature location: Pick the datum point
Specify leader endpoint or [Xdatum/Ydatum/Mtext/Text/Angle]:

8.8 ARC LENGTH

Dimension ► Arc Length
You can measure and display the length of an arc using ARCLENGTH dimension. In dimension style
there is an option to fix the length symbol.

Command: _dimarc
Select arc or polyline arc segment: Pich the arc segment
Specify arc length dimension location, or [Mtext/Text/Angle/Partial/Leader]:
Dimension text = 8.7063
Exercise: 04- Apply these hatch patterns to the figure

Pattern – gradient

Pattern – BRSTONE
Scale – 1.25
Angle - 45

Pattern – AR-RSHKE
Scale – 0.04
Angle - 0

Pattern – SACNCR
Scale – 3
Angle - 0

Pattern – Angle
Scale – 1.25
Angle - 45

Pattern – Gravel
Scale – 0.75
Angle - 30
Pattern – ANSI 134
Scale – 0.6
Angle - 45
Exercise 05: Apply dimensions for the provided figure

R40
Ø50

R20 70
R15

100
120 120

40