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Malte Luebker (email: luebker@ilo.org) ILO Conditions of Work and Employment Programme (TRAVAIL) Regional Workshop on Monitoring and Assessing Progress on Decent Work in Asia, held from 28 to 30 June 2010 in Bangkok, Thailand ILO/EC Project Monitoring and Assessing Progress on Decent Work
Outline of presentation
Context for Indicators on Wages: The ILOs mandate on wage issues Decent Work Indicators for Adequate earnings and productive work
Indicator definitions and examples
Global Wage Report 2010/11 and the ILO Global Wage Database
Wage trends in participating countries
2009 Global Jobs Pact calls for a response to the global economic crisis that avoids deflationary wage spirals and worsening working conditions.
Source: Cross-tabulation of poverty status and labour force status from household surveys; ILO estimates (MDG Indicator). Repository: NSOs and ILO (GET Model).
Source: LFS and other household surveys with wage / earnings module. Repository: NSOs, OECD, ILO and others.
Manufacturing
10 5
Relatively flat trend over time (but rise in 2007/08). Large differences between sectors.
Agriculture
15
Construction
Mining
Low pay increases the risk of working poverty, but Austria has apparently contradictory trend:
Low pay rate rises, but working poverty falls!
Source: LFS and other household surveys with wage / earnings module. Repository: NSOs, OECD, ILO and others.
In 50% of all countries, real wages have increased at less than 2% per year.
C Labour productivity (GDP per employed person, level and growth rate)
Definition: In line with MDG Indicator, annual change in [real] GDP at market prices per person employed.
Some countries calculate it as per hour worked. Increase in labour productivity does not itself signal progress towards decent work, but provides context for sustainable increase in wages.
Source: National sources or ILO/GET (employment) & World Bank (GDP in PPP$). Repository: NSOs, ILO, MDG database.
Note: Refers to 2005 PPP$. Source: TRAVAIL estimate based on World Bank (GDP) and KILM (employment).
Finding 3: The share of wages in GDP has declined in 70% of all the countries (1995-2007)
Wage data cover only manufacturing sector. Pattern in 2008/09 similar to other countries:
Negative real wage growth in 2008 (impact of inflation) and low real wage growth in 2009.
600000
500000 400000
300000 200000
Real monthly wage, establishment survey (weigthed average for hotel, mining, and manufacturing industries)
100000
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Source: Philippines Labour Force Survey, Public Use File (wages); IMF (CPI).
Source: Government of Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force Survey 2008; IMF (CPI).
Inclusion of both countries in Global Wage Report 2010/11 would be very welcome.
Participants are invited to make suggestions on data sources and/or to provide data to the ILO.
Follow-up by email:
Ms Kristen Sobeck, email: sobeck@ilo.org Data for 2009 from Sri Lanka and Indonesia would be very welcome. Updates possible until early August 2010.