Learn the Differences Between Granite, Marble, Limestone and Other Stones

They are all great choices for your countertop project! Click on questions to reveal answers. What is granite?

Granite is an igneous rock formed from liquid magma, cooled slowly to form a substance approaching the hardness and durability of diamond. Its hardness and density comes from the fact that it has been solidified within the earth under extreme pressure. It consists of feldspar, quartz, mica and other minerals that all contribute to the unique coloration and texture of each granite deposit. Granite is considered an ideal choice for kitchen countertops because it can withstand high heat (up to 1200 degrees Fahrenheit). Granite countertops are virtually scratch-proof and will not scratch even when directly cut on. What is marble? Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from the recrystallization of limestone under intense pressure and high temperatures within the earth. During this process, other minerals are introduced into the structure, which produce beautiful colors and veining which characterize marble. Marble colors vary from white to black, being sometimes yellow, red and green, and frequently beautifully veined or clouded. Marble is scratch and stain-prone, as it is not as hard as a granite surface. It is not preferred in the kitchen, but works well in bathrooms, on hearths, and in some furniture applications. What is limestone?

Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite, most commonly coming from marine organisms. Limestone often contain various amounts of silica, as well as silt, clay and sand. Domestic limestones are grey to buff in color, while imported limestones contain colors from beige to dark brown, yellow, red and black. What is soapstone?

Soapstone is a metamorphic rock made up of mineral deposits created by nature and quarried from the earth. The main mineral components in soapstone are talc, chlorite, dolomite and magnesite, which gives it the soft touch. Soapstone has a unique color with light flowing veins. It is very resistant to heat, which makes it suitable for kitchen countertops and woodstoves. Soapstone maintenance includes periodic application of mineral oil. What is travertine?

Travertine is a sedimentary rock, mostly made of calcite that was generated by the deposit of such minerals from hot water springs and streams pouring from them. It is a very porous material, and holes are generated either by gasses trapped by the sediments or by water plants that were trapped inside the formation and then decomposed. It is highly susceptible to heat, scratching, staining, and acidity, and is not recommended for kitchen projects. What is onyx?

Onyx is the result of water dissolving existing limestone and re-depositing it as a new kind of stone. In limestone caves, onyx is formed by drip water, like stalagmites and stalactites. Onyx is best for furniture peices, bathrooms and fireplace surrounds. What are fissures?

Fissures are hairline cracks on the surface of the slab. Fissures are a natural result of the heating and cooling of the stone during its formation millions of years ago. Fissures will not grow or expand over time. What are pits?

Pitting is normally due to the fact that granite is a natural product that has a crystalline structure, sometimes resulting in small spaces between the varying mineral crystals. Various steps are taken during the finishing process to reduce the visibility of these puts, but they cannot be totally avoided in all granite types. Pitting will not become worse with regular use or with the passage of time. Will the slab for my project look like samples or tiles that I see?

Since stone is a natural product, there may be a variation in color from stone to stone. When given samples, you must keep in mind that they are simply representations of the stones, not the exact stone that will be used for your job. How do I clean my top?

Daily cleaning includes the use of mild soap and water. It is important to dust the surface periodically and to clean spills and messes as soon as possible. Do not use acidic or abrasive cleaners, as they break down the sealer and make the surface dull and more prone to staining. At Granite and Marble Works, lnc., we sell several Stone-Tech products: Revitalizer Cleaner and Protector Spray, Revitalizer Cleaner and Protector Wipes, Polish The revitalizer helps to clean everyday messes while reinforcing protection upon the surface. The polish adds brilliant shine to polished stone. If you find that even after cleaning your countertops with soap and water, they appear filmy or dull, the Revitalizer is very effective. How do natural stones compare to synthetic material?

There are many advantages to using natural stone in place of synthetic materials such as Corian, Formica, porcelain, concrete or ceramic tile. Natural stone is durable, long-lasting and the color selection is generally far more extensive. Most people consider natural stone more expensive than it actually is. Not only can natural stone be affordable but its resilience proves cost effective over time. Synthetic material, on the other hand, requires periodic replacement and costly repairs. It is also susceptible to burning, discoloration, scratching, and can deteriorate due to normal wear and tear.