Application of Sine Wave DC Inverter Technology in Air Conditioner

Headquarter of Haier Air Conditioner Co., Ltd

Content

Key energy-saving technology of air conditioner Comparison of 120 square wave and 180 sine wave in control part Technical feature of Haier 180 sine wave Test results

Energy consumption of air con

89% of the energy is consumed by compressor.

compressor 89%

outdoor fan 5%

indoor part 5%

Others 1%

Rating running
0 100 200 300 400 500

Power input [W]

outdoor fan 11% indoor part 10% compressor 76% Lowing loading running Others 3%

compressor

100

200

300

400

500

Power input [W] motor

Energy saving of compressor is the key issue for the energy saving of aircon Energy saving of compressor is the key issue for the energy saving of aircon
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The key technology of energy-saving air conditioner 1

Temp control wave for DC inverter and on/off machines

ON/OFF Type
It needs more time to reach the setting temperature

Inverter Type
Increasing speed of compressor so as to reach the setting temperature in a shorter time. To decrease speed of compressor to maintain a certain temperature

Feature of inverter
Providing a comfortable room space DC machines can adjust the room temp at very small range, so it can assure the small temp changing. Energy-saving DC machines can adjust the compressor running speed, when just starting, running at high speed, fast cooling, when nearly to setting temp, reducing running speed, so that reducing compressor power, so it can save energy.

Comparison of 120square wave and 180sine wave in control part (1)

Coil have some period with no current, Torque is disturbed largely, has large electromagnetism noise Harmonic wave part is large
Compressor has low efficiency

All period have current, with high efficiency, Torque is smooth, electromagnetism noise is small Harmonic wave is small Compressor has high efficiency, expecially in mid-high speed

Comparison of 120square wave and 180sine wave in control part (2)

Efficiency comparability of 120 square wave and 180 sine wave

Motor run speed

Efficiency improvement of sine wave

30Hz

+0.9

50Hz

+2.3

Detection method for Current DC motor

Sup Sup Svp Swp Svp Swp

Power supply
VDC Sun Svn Swn PM

power supply

Sun

Svn

Swn

PM

Iu (a) CT method

Iw

IDC
Iu Iv Iw

(b) 3-shunt method

Svp Swp

Sup

power supply
Sun Svn Swn

PM

RDC IDC

(c) 1-shunt method

Feature 1; High Reliability

Feature 2; High-efficiency control (for Saving Energy)

(1) Demagnetizing Protection Double Over Current Protection (2)High Efficiency PFC Motor Voltage
(4) Maximum Torque/Current Ratio Control Motor Current Minimum
kE kE2 +I 2 Id = 2 q 2 Ld Lq 4 Ld Lq

(3)Weakening magnet Control ( Improve the efficiency running range)

k 1 Id = E + Ld Ld V0m 2 12

(6)Special Start Sequence

Starting

(5)Torque Control (for reducing compressor vibration)

- Lq I q

)2

Heating
8 Motor Speed

Cooing

(1)Current protection of compressor demagnetization

Advantage: Double current protection, can efficiently protect compressor not to be demagnetized, extending compressor life The rotor of DC compressor is permanent magnet, if the compressor current exceed one point, even if the short current strike can cause demagnetization, decreasing the compressor life or breaking compressor. Normal overcurrent protection for DC aircon only protects the virtual value of current, could not check the peak value of the current and protect it, so could not avoid the demagnetization efficiently. Haier 180 sine wave DC inverter have not only the n ormal compressor overcurrent protection, but also have special demagnetization protecting circuit, can check the compressor peak value current quickly, and protect compressor before reaching demagnetizing current, so that can avoid compressor demagnetizing efficiently.
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(2) High Efficiency PFC

Advantage: reducing Harmonic wave of the current, increasing power factor
new-active PFC. Value of current can decide the on and off of the PFC, can reducing power consumption efficiently at same time, reducing EMI.

Current wave when PFC is off: Current sudden change is serious, di/dt is large, so there is a lot of harmonic wave, high order harmonic wave is serious.

Current wave when PFC is on: Current sudden change is small, di/dt is small, so the current harmonic wave is small and high order harmonic wave is weak.

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(3) Weakening magnet Control

Advantage: do weak magnet control when the voltage reaches saturation, can expend running speed range of compressor
, Id D : D ,

kE 1 Id = + Ld Ld
V =V r Iam 0m am Vam , I: am

V0m 2 12

- LqI q

)2
Vmax

Iq

+ -

Formula of Min Current Id1

+ +

Id instruction

V instruction 11

(4) Maximum Torque/Current Ratio Control

Advantage: Control Maximum torque/current in steady condition. When in same torque, current is Min, so it can reducing power and improving efficiency When in certain moment and speed, the relationship of motor current lm and exciting current ld is as following chart. When Im is in min, the relationship of Id and Iq is in following:
I

kE kE2 + Iq2 Id = 2 Ld Lq 4 Ld Lq 2

) (

Min Im

Id

Relationship of exciting current Id and motor current Im

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(5)Low Frequency Torque Control

Advantage: reducing vibration of single rotary inverter compressor at low frequency, increasing the range of running frequency. . , , , . , , , . Low frequency Moment control wave of single rotary compressor:

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(6)Special Start Sequence

Advantage: special compressor start technology, can reduce the possibility of failure compressor start.

60 -120 -60 0

120

180

Point
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(7)High reliability of IPM Module Advantage: adding temp protecting function, can protect IPM not to be broken due to overheating . Haier IPM of DC inverter adopts the fourth smart IPM from Mitsubishi. Besides of short circuit protecting, under-voltage protecting for normal IPM, Haier IPM adds inside temp protecting. When the inside temp of IPM is on abnormity, units will be protected and stopped. Solved the phenomenon when reactor and IPM is connected not so well, temp of reactor is not high, but IPM temp is so high, so that the IPM will be broken.
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Development of Haier DC inverter

1. In 1993, Haier made the first set of inverter aircon in China. In1998, Haier made the first DC inverter aircon in China. From 2005, Haier began to adopt 180 sine wave technology to DC inverter machines. Now in 2008, Haier has adopted this 180 sine wave technology to all DC inverter machines. In these 15 years development and update, technology of Haier DC inverter is nearly maturity and perfect. Haier Invests world-class air conditioner specialists and spends 5 years to develop this special technology, now Haier DC inverter machines are sold to all of Europe, it belongs to the advanced project of International DC inverter technology, has reached Japanese top-ranking DC inverter level. 2. Haier has full series of DC inverter machines. From split type, cabinet type, split 1 by 2, split 1 by 3, cabinet and split mixed 1 by 2.

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Test results
Start waves

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TEST RESULT 30Hz

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TEST RESULT 40Hz

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TEST RESULT 60Hz

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TEST RESULT 70Hz

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TEST RESULT 90Hz

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TEST RESULT 100Hz

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Thank You!

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