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Question 1
2
3 2 3 2 h2
A = x = h =
4 4 3 3
dA 2
= h
dh 3
dA
dh h = 2 3
=
2
(2 3 ) = 4
3
Question 2
(a) f (x) = x 2 − 2x
( ) ( 2 x − 2)
1
1 2 −
f ' (x) = x − 2x 2
2
x −1
=
x 2 − 2x
x
( b ) g(x) =
x +1
2
x2 + 1 − 2x2
g ' (x) =
(x )
2
2
+1
1 − x2
=
(x )
2
2
+1
sin x
(d) u(x) =
1 − cos x
cos x (1 − cos x ) − sin 2 x
u ' (x) =
(1 − cos x ) 2
cos x − cos 2 x − sin 2 x
=
(1 − cos x ) 2
cos x − 1 1
= =
(1 − cos x ) 2
cos x − 1
Question 3
2
1 1
( ii ) + =1
x y
Differentiate with respect to x ,
1 1 dy
− 2 − 2 =0
x y dx
dy y2
=− 2
dx x
(b) x2 + y2 = 16
dy
2x + 2y =0
dx
dy x
=−
dx y
dy
At ( 2, 1 ) , = −2
dx
(c) ( i ) xy = 5
dy
y+x = 0
dx
dy y
= −
dx x
( ii ) x2 - y2 = 4
dy
2x - 2y = 0
dx
dy x
=
dx y
Question 4
(a) f (x) = x3 – x - 2
f (1) = - 2 < 0 and f (2) = 4 > 0.
3
3
xn − xn − 2
xn+1 = xn - 2
3xn − 1
x1 = 1.5,
x2 = 1.5217391,
x3 = 1.5213798,
x4 = 1.5213797,
x5 = 1.5213797.
(b) x (t) = 2 t 3
distance travelled
( i ) Average velocity =
time taken
2 ( 4 )3
= m s −1
4
= 32 m s-1.
dx
( ii ) The instantaneous velocity, = 6 t2
dt
dx
At t = 3, = 6 ( 3 )2 = 54 m s-1
dt
d 2x
( iii ) Acceleration = 2 = 12 t
dt
2
d x
At t = 3 , = 12 ( 3 ) = 36 m s -2 .
dt 2
Question 5
x x 2 x3
(a) f(x)= + +
4 2 3
1
f'(x)= + x + x2
4
f '' ( x ) = 1 + 2x
x3 + 2x − 1
(b) f(x)=
x
x (3 x 2 + 2 ) − x 3 − 2 x + 1 2x3 + 1
f'(x)= =
x2 x2
6 x 2 ( x 2 ) − 2 x(2 x 3 + 1) 2 x 4 − 2 x 2 ( x 3 − 1)
f '' ( x ) = = =
x4 x4 x3
(c) f ( x ) = ( x – 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x2 + 1 )
4
= ( x2 – 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 )
= ( x4 – 1 )
f ' ( x ) = 4x 3
f '' ( x ) = 12x2
Question 6
Question 7
cos x − 1
(a) lim
x →0 x
cos x − 1 cos x − 1 cos x + 1
We can write = ×
x x cos x + 1
cos 2 x − 1
=
x (1 + cos x)
− sin 2 x − sin x sin x
= = ×
x(1 + cos x) x 1 + cos x
cos x − 1
Hence, lim =0
x →0 x
cos x − 1 − sin x
lim = lim =0
x →0 x x →0 1
d cos ( x + h) − cos x
(b) ( cos x) = lim
dx h → 0 h
5
Question 8
Thus, a + b = 1
f (x) is differentiable at x = 1
f (1 + h) − f (1) f (1 + h) − f (1)
if lim− = lim+ .
h →0 h h →0 h
(1 + h)3 − 1 f (1 + h) − f (1)
lim− = 3 and lim+ = a.
h →0 h h →0 h