UPCSE Maths Course Problem Sheet 0

Week: 0 (based on Lecture 0) Topic: Trigonometry (Self Study).

1. Prove that (cot + cosec )
2
=
1 + cos
1 cos
.
2. Use the formula for cos(A + B) to show that cos
2
=
1
2
(cos 2 + 1).
3. Express 2 cos 2 3 sin 2 in the form Rcos(2 + k), where 0 < k < /2.
Hence obtain the general solution to 2 cos 2 3 sin 2 =

13
2
.
4. Two acute angles and are such that tan =
1
2
and tan( + ) = 2.
Without nding and ,
(i) show that tan =
3
4
;
(ii) evaluate sin and sin ;
(iii) evaluate sin
2
2 and sin
2
2.
5. Show that, for x (, ), tan
1
(x) tan
1
_
1
x
_
= tan
1
_
x
2
1
2x
_
.
6. Prove the following trigo identity:
cos
2
=
cosec sin
cosec
.
7. Solve the trigo equation cos 5 cos = sin 3 ; 0 2.
8. Given that sec A = cos B + sin B, show that tan
2
A = sin 2B.
9. Find x, such that sin
1
x + tan
1
x = /2.
10. Eliminate OR If x = a + r cos , and y = b + r sin , prove that
x
2
+ y
2
2ax 2by + (a
2
+ b
2
r
2
) = 0.
11. Prove that cos 120

3 tan 30

= sin 30

.
12. Prove that tan 4 =
4 tan 4 tan
3

1 6 tan
2
+ tan
4

.
13. Solve for , sin ( + 30

) = cos ( + 60

).
14. Prove that
cos 2 + sin 2 1
cos 2 sin 2 + 1
= tan .
15. If tan 2 =
5
12
, calculate the possible value(s) of sin .
UPCSE Core Mathematics Problem Solving Classes Week 0 2
16. Express 5 cos x + 12 sin x in the form Rcos (x ), where tan =
12
5
.
Hence nd the maximum and minimum values of f(x), where f(x) =
30
17 + 5 cos x + 12 sin x
.
Note: a sin + b cos = Rcos ( ) , where R =

a
2
+ b
2
and tan =
a
b
.
17. Prove that cos
2
7
+ cos
4
7
+ cos
6
7
=
1
2
.
18. Prove that
2 sin + sin 2
1 cos 2
=
sin
1 cos
.
19. The range of a projectile on an inclined plane is given by the formula
R =
2u
2
sin( ) cos
g cos
2

,
where u is the speed of projection, is the angle of elevation of projection, is the angle of
elevation of the plane, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Find the value of for which R
is maximum, (u, , and g being constants), and nd the maximum value of R.
20. Two sine waves are given by the formulae y
1
= 2 sin 5t, y
2
= 2 sin 7t.
Express (y
1
+ y
2
) as a product and sketch the graph of the function (y
1
+ y
2
) for values of t
from t = 0 to t = 3.
21. Two direction-nding stations A and B are in a horizontal plane and A is d meters due East of
B. Show that when the direction of an aeroplane ying at an altitude of h meters is from A
and from B (each direction being measured as a clockwise angle from the true North), the
angle of elevation of the aeroplane measured from A is tan
1
_
hsin ( )
d cos
_
.
22. If 8 cos x 15 sin x = r cos(x + ), nd the values of r and , r being a positive number and
an angle between 0

and 360

.
23. If tan = k tan( ), prove that
k 1
k + 1
=
sin(2 )
sin
.
Find all the angles between 0

and 360

, which satisfy the equation tan = 3 tan(150

).
24. If tan = 2, where 0 < < , and tan =
1
3
, where < < 2, nd + without using
tables or a calculator.
25. Prove the identity: 4
_
cos
4
+ sin
4

_
= 3 + cos 4.
26. If sin + sin = a, and cos + cos = b, prove that
sin
_
+
2
_
a
=
cos
_
+
2
_
b
=
2 cos
_

2
_
a
2
+ b
2
.
27. Prove that
1 + tan 2 tan 3
1 + tan tan 3
=
cos
2

cos
2
2
.
28. If A + B + C = OR If A, B, and C are angles of a ABC, prove that
sin B + sin C sin A = 4 cos
A
2
sin
B
2
sin
C
2
.
UPCSE Core Mathematics Problem Solving Classes Week 0 3
29. If cos( ) = p, and sin( + ) = q, express cos and sin in terms of , , p, and q, and
deduce that p
2
+ q
2
2pq sin( + ) = cos
2
( + ).
30. Find the general solution of the equation sin 2x + sin 3x + sin 5x = 0.
31. Prove that cos
3
_
x
2
3
_
+ cos
3
x + cos
3
_
x +
2
3
_
=
3
4
cos 3x.
32. Prove that
sin + cos
sin( ) sin( )
+
sin + cos
sin( ) sin( )
=
cos + sin
sin( ) sin( )
.
33. Find in radians, the general solution of the equation 4 sin = sec .
34. If sin +sin 2 +sin 3 +sin 4 = 0, show that is either a multiple of

2
or a multiple of
2
5
.
35. Given that f(x) =
_
x
2
+ 1 xcos , nd the least value of f(x) for the range 0 x 1 in
each of the following cases:
(i) 0

4
(ii)

4


2
(iii)

2
.
36. Solve the equation sin + sin 3 + sin 5 + sin 7 = 0, for 0

< < 360

.
37. Find the general solution of cos 3 = cos 2 sin .
38. By expressing sec 2x and tan 2x in terms of tan x, solve the equation
2 tan x + sec 2x = 2 tan 2x, where < x < .
39. If A is the acute angle such that sin A =
3
5
, and B is the obtuse angle such that sin B =
5
13
,
nd (without using tables or a calculator) the values of cos(A + B) and tan(AB).
40. Find the values of between 0 and 2 for which sin 2 = sin
_

6
_
.
41. Show that (2 cos + 3 sin )
2
13, for all values of .
42. Find the values of x and y between 0

and 360

which satisfy the simultaneous equations

sin x + sin y = 1
cos x + cos y =

2.
_
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