Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

Physics B: FyBNVC08 G-level Test on Magnetism & AC-Circuits Ch 20-21

Instructions: The Test Warning! There are more than one version of the test. At the end of each problem a maximum point which one may get for a correct solution of the problem is given. Tools Approved formula sheets, ruler, and graphic calculator. You may use your green personalized summary-formula-booklet which has your name on it. This should be submitted along with the test. Wednesday, 09 February 2011; 12:45-14:05 Solutions to the problems must be answered on the original test paper. Limits: This tests gives at maximum 26 points. The minimum passing score is 13 points. To qualify for a higher grade a minimum of 18 points are required, and performing at a proper level in the VG/MVG test given Friday February 11, 2011.

Time:

Please answer in this paper and as clear as possible. Do not forget the UNITS!
Enjoy it! Behzad

Name:
B P G G B P G G Qv 1a 2 LRC 7 2 FB 1b 2 LC 8 2 vV 1c 2

, 2 2

IF 3 2

, 4 2

, 5a 2

, 5 2

AC 6a 2

AC 6b 2

AC 6c 2 Grade

Sum 22

Ch 20-21 Total 26

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Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

1.

Electrons are accelerated and shot into a region of homogeneous magnetic field, as illustrated in the figure below. The path of the electron beam in the region may be described by a quarter of a circle of radius 2.50 cm . The magnitude of the homogeneous magnetic field inside the region is 4.00 mT . Outside the square region the magnetic field is zero. a. b. c. What is the direction of the magnetic field inside the square region? Why? Explain. [2/0] Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of the electrons in the magnetic field. [2/0] Calculate the electric potential difference that has accelerated electrons to the velocity calculated above. [1/0]

Suggested solution: Data: Q = e = 1.60 10 19 C , me = 9.11 10 31 kg

r = 2.50 cm = 2.50 10 2 m , B = 4.00 mT = 4.00 10 3 T a. The direction of the magnetic field in the quadratic region is out of the paper and toward the readers of these words. This due to r r r the fact that the force must be centripetal, F = Q v B , and the charge of electron is negative. [2/0] F = Q v B sin 90 v2 QBr 2 b. Q v B = m Q Br = mv v = v r m F = m r (1.60 10 19 ) (4.00 10 3 ) (2.50 10 2 ) = 1.76 10 7 m / s [1/0] v= 9.11 10 31 Answer: v = 1.76 10 7 m / s [1/0] 1 c. Conservation of energy requires that: QV = mv 2 2 2 2 mv mv V = QV = 2 2Q
mv 2 9.1110 31 1.76 10 7 V= = 2Q 2 1.60 10 19

)(

= 878 V

[1/0] Answer: V = 878 V [1/0]

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Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

2.

Magnetic Flux [mWb]

The magnetic flux through a solenoid containing 600 turns changes according to the accompanying figure. Calculate the emf induced in the coil at t = 0.30 s . [2/0]

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 t [s] 0,4 0,5 0,6

Suggested solutions: Data: N = 600 , t = 0.30 s

d or = N dt t According to the figure the magnetic flux is a linear function of time, and therefore its derivative is a constant (the slope is a constant 0 60 10 3 = 72 V number): = 600 [1/0] Answer: = 72 V [1/0] 0.50
According to Faradays law of induction = N

3.

The two wires of a 10.0 m long appliance cord are 5.0 mm apart and carry a current of 2.0 A dc. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the force between the wires. [2/0] Suggested solutions: Data: I 1 = I 2 = 2.0 A , l = 10.0 m , r = 5.0 mm = 5.0 10 3 m ,

0 = 4 10 7 T m / A Problem: F = ? Answer: The wires repel each other with the repulsive force of F21 = F12 = 16 10 4 N = 1.6 mN . 0 I1 0 I 0 I1 II F F B = B1 = 21 = 21 = 0 1 2 repulsive r 2r r r r 2 r r r F21 = I 2 l l l 2 r 2 r

F = I l B F21 = I 2 l B1 Due to the fact that the currents are in the opposite directions they repel each other. (2.0 )2 10 = 1.6 10 3 N = 1.6 mN 4 10 7 / // F21 = F12 = // 2 5.0 10 3 / F21 = F12 = 1.6 10 3 N = 1.6 mN Second method: The magnetic field of the first wire at the other one: I 4 10 7 2 .0 / = 8.0 10 5 T = 80 T B1 = 0 1 B1 = 3 2 5.0 10 2 r / r r r F21 = I 2 l B1 F21 = 2.0 10.0 8.0 10 5 = 16 10 4 N = 1.6 mN

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Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

4.

The magnetic flux through a coil of wire containing ten loops change from 25 Wb to 75 Wb in 0.25 s . What is the emf induced in the coil? [2/0] Suggested solutions: Data: B1 = 25 Wb , B 2 = 75 Wb , t = 0.209 s , N = 10 Problem: = ? Answer: The emf induced in the coil is = 4.0 kV . B2 B1 d B 75 ( 25 ) = N = 10 = N = 4.0 10 3 V 4.0 kV 0.25 dt t The negative sign demonstrates the fact that the induced emf opposes the change (increase) in the magnetic flux (Lenss law.)

In the figure to the right the rod moves at a speed of 2.0 m / s to the right. It is 15.0 cm long, and has a resistance 1.4 . The uniform magnetic field is 825 mT and is into to the page of the paper and away from the reader of these words. The resistance of the Ushaped conductor is 60.0 at a given instant. a. Calculate the emf induced in the rod. [2/0] b. Draw the figure in your test sheet and Indicate clearly the direction of the induced current in the rod. Explain the reason behind your choice. [2/0] Suggested solutions: Data: v = 2.5 m / s , l = 15.0 cm , Rrod = 1.4 , B = 825 mT = 0.825 T , R = 60.0 ; = ? The emf induced in the circuit is 0.24 V from C to B. r r d B d BA d (BA ) dA d (l x ) dx = = = = B = B = Bl = Bl v dt dt dt dt dt dt = Blv = 0.825 0.15 2.0 = 0.2475 V 0.25 V [2/0] Due to the fact that the magnetic flux through the closed circuit increases (because the area is increasing) the induce emf will oppose the increase in the magnetic flux. Therefore, the current is upward in the rod. The induced current produces a magnetic field inside the loop in the opposite direction of the original one (i.e. out of the page and toward the reader.). The induced current in the loop is counter clock-wise. [2/0] 5.

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Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

6.

An average of 500.0 kW of electric power is sent to a town from a power plant 25.0 km away. The transition lines is made of a bulky copper wire of total resistance 1.20 . [2/0] a) Calculate the power loss if the power is transmitted at 220.0 V [2/0] b) Calculate the power loss if the power is transmitted at 220.0 kV c) Explain based on your calculations above why the electric transmission lines use high voltage Alternating Current. [2/0] Suggested solution: Data: P = 500 .0 kW = 500 .0 10 3 W , l = 25.0 km , R = 1.20 a) P = 6.20 MW is lost during the transmission! This is more than the total would be transmitted. There is no power left in the line! All power is wasted as heat in the wires. P 500 .0 10 3 W P = IV I = = = 2 273 A 220 .0 V V
P = R I 2 P = 1.20 (2 273 ) = 6.198 10 6 W = 6.20 MW b) Only P = 6.21 W is lost during the transmission, if the power is transmitted at 120.0 kV :
2

P = IV I =

P 500 .0 10 3 W = = 2.273 A 220 .0 10 3 V V

2

P = R I 2 P = 1.20 (2.273 ) = 6.198 W 6.20 W It is important to note that the power loss in the transmission of low voltage current is tremendous. This is the main reason behind the transmitting of very high voltage electric current. Due to the fact that it is relatively very easy to change the voltage of the Alternating Current (AC) (as oppose to that of the DC) by a simple transformer, it is the AC which is used in the transmitting electricity. Historically there was a real battle between Tesla who was advocating high voltage transmitting of AC and Edison who had already invested heavily in the DC-technology and had it difficult to accept the defeat by unknown, low-class Tesla. The most important revolution in the industrialisation in the early nineteen century was due to the geniality and stubbornness of Tesla in development of AC generator and electric motor.

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Solution G-level Test FyBCh120_21NVC08 Magnetic Field, Magnetic Induction, AC-circuits NV-College

7.

In a series LRC circuit, the inductance is 50.0 mH , the capacitance is 25.0 F and the resistance is 35.0 k . The AC power supply provides 210 V at 50 Hz . Calculate the impedance of the circuit. [2/0]

Suggested solution: Data: V = 210 V ; f = 50 Hz ; L = 50.0 mH = 50.0 10 3 H ;

R = 35.0 k = 35.0 103 ; C = 25.0 F = 25.0 10 6 F . Problem: Z = ?

Answer: The individual impedances are: x L = 5.0 , xC = 1.27 10 2 and the impedance of the circuit is Z 3 5. 0 k
x L = L = 2Lf xL = 2Lf = 2 50.0 10 3 50 = 5.0 1 1 1 1 = = 127 xC = xC = = 2Cf 2 25.0 10 6 50 C 2Cf

x L = 5.0

xC = 1.27 10 2

Z = R 2 + ( x L xC )
2

Z=

(35.0 10 ) + (127 5.0 )

3 2

= 3.5000177 10 4 3 5. 0 k

Z 3 5. 0 k

Electrical Oscillations: An LC-circuit is an electrical analogue of a harmonic oscillator 1 . A 50.00 F capacitor is first charged to 0.25 mC and of frequency: f = 2 LC then is connected to a 40.00 mH inductor. Calculate the frequency of the oscillations that results. [2/0] Suggested solution: Data: LC-Circuit, C = 50 .0 F = 50 .0 10 6 F , Q0 = 0.25 mC = 0.25 10 3 C

8.

L = 40 .0 mH = 40 .0 10 3 H Problem: process?, f = ? , I 0 = ? 1 1 f = = 1.125 10 2 Hz 3 6 2 LC 2 40.0 10 50.0 10 = 2 f = 2 1.125 10 2 = 7.071 10 2 rad / s

Answer: The system is an electric harmonic oscillator with: f 112.5 Hz ,

= 7.071 10 2 rad / s

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