Suggested+Solutions+G Level+Test+V2+Ch5+MaDNVC06+Trigonometry

Suggested Solutions G-level Test V2 Ch5 MaDNVC06 trigonometry
NV-College Sjdalsgymnasiet
Chapter Test: Ch5 trigonometry MATHEMATICS COURSE D Spring 2008: MaDNVC06 Warning: There are more than one version of the test.
G-Level Test To get a higher grade you should take the alternative VG-MVG Level Test.
Instructions Test period Tools The test 8:15-10:45 Absolutely no extra time! You will have a large meeting for the initiation of your project work 100P at 11:00! Manage your time accordingly. Formula sheet, ruler and graphic calculator. For most items a single answer is not enough. It is also expected that you write down what you do that you explain/motivate your reasoning that you draw any necessary illustrations. After every item is given the maximum mark your solution can receive. [2/3] means that the item can give 2 g-points (Pass level) and 3 vg-points (Pass with distinction level). Items marked with give you a possibility to show MVG-quality (Pass with special distinction quality). This means that you use generalised methods, models and reasoning, that you analyse your results and account for a clear line of thought in a correct mathematical language. Problem 15 is a larger problem which may take up to 30 minutes to solve completely. It is important that you try to solve this problem. A description of what your teacher will consider when evaluating your work is attached to the problem. This problem is heavily graded. Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even towards the end of the test, to receive some points for partial solutions. A positive evaluation can be given even for unfinished solutions. The test gives totally at the most 36 points. To pass the test you must have at least 20 points. To get a higher grade you should take instead the alternative VG-MVG test. Still, if you have taken this test and have done well in the last problem and still have time you may complete it by solving some selected problems of the alternative test. Have fun! Note: Only those problems checked here will be graded! Problem 1
Solved Page No:
Mark limits
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behzad.massoumzadeh@huddinge.se Not for sale. Free to use for educational purposes.
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In the multiple choice problems below, circle the correct alternative and write clearly the correct answer in the space provided as Alternative: Answer the questions 2 to 3 based on the accompanying diagram of the unit circle O with y the radius OA . The line CD is tangent to the unit A circle at C and the line AB is perpendicular to the x axis. 1. The distance OB represents: a. sin b. cos c. tan d. None above. Answer: Alternative b: OB is cos 2. The distance AB represents: a. sin b. cos c. tan d. None above. Answer: Alternative b: AB is sin 3. The distance CD represents: a. sin b. cos c. tan d. None above. Answer: Alternative b: CD is tan [1/0] [1/0] [1/0]
O
Answer: Alternative:________________
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4. If is a positive acute angle and a = sin , an expression for tan in terms of a may be written as [1/0] a.
tan = tan = tan =
1 a2 a a 1 a2 a2 1 a 1 a2 1 a2
b. c. d.
tan = 1 a 2
Answer: Alternative:________________ a 1 a2 1 a2
Suggested solutions: Answer: Alternative c: tan =
sin 2 + cos2 = 1
cos = 1 sin 2 Due to the fact that is a positive acute angle both cos and sin are negative: cos = 1 sin 2 = 1 a 2
sin a a 1 a2 tan = = = cos 1 a2 1 a2
5. If cos = a. b. c. d.
3 and tan is negative: 5 4 sin = 5 4 sin = 5 16 sin = 25 5 sin = 3
[1/0]
Suggested solutions: Answer: Alternative b: sin = Using the trigonometry unity: sin 2 + cos2 = 1
4 5
sin = 1 cos 2 Due to the fact that cos is positive but tan is negative, the angle lies in the fourth quadrant and therefore sin must also be negative (of course, the same conclusion may sin be achieved using tan = .) cos sin = 1 cos 2
9 25 9 16 4 3 = = = sin = 1 cos = 1 = 1 25 25 25 5 5
2 2
sin =
4 5
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6. Which one/ones of the following equations has/have only one solution in the interval 0 Only answer is required [NPMaDVT02_modified 2/0] 4 cos = a. 5 4 sin = b. 5 4 sin = c. 5 16 tan = Answer: Alternative(s):________________ d. 25 Suggested solution: Answer: Alternatives a and d. 4 sin = has two solutions in the interval 0 . 5 4 sin = has no solution in the interval 0 . 5 4 cos = has only one solution in the interval 0 . 5 16 tan = has also only one solution in the interval 0 . 25
sin 2 x = 2 . cos x x = 30 + 360n Suggested solutions: Answer: x = 150 + 360n sin 2 x =1 cos x 2 sin x cos x =1 [1/0] cos x 1 sin x = 2 1 [1/0] x = sin 1 2 x = 30 + 360n x = 180 30 + 360n x = 30 + 360n [1/0] x = 150 + 360n
7. Find all solutions of the equation
[3/0]
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8. Find in terms of rad all those angles in the interval 0 2 for which: a. b.
2 cos 2 = 3 3 tan 3 = 3
[3/0] [3/0]
Suggested solutions: Answer: = a. 2 cos 2 = 3

cos 2 = 3 2
2 4 5 , , 3 3 3
3 2 = cos 1 2 2 2 = + 2 n = + n 3 3 n = 0, 1, 2, ... 2 4 2 2 = 2 + 2n 2 = + 2 n = + n 3 3 3 2 2 = , , +, + 3 3 3 3 2 4 5 , , Answer: = , 3 3 3 3 b. 3 tan 3 = 3

3 3 3 3 = tan 1 3 tan 3 =
[1/0]
3 =
n 18 3 6n = + 18 18
+ n +
n = 0, 1, 2,... n = 0, 1, 2,... n = 0, 1, 2,...
[1/0]
Answer: =
18
7 13 19 25 31 , , , , 18 18 18 18 18
[1/0]
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A 9. Find the area of the triangle ABC illustrated below: [3/0] 65.0 2 Suggested solutions: Answer: Area = 688 m We may use the are formula to calculate the area of bc sin A the triangle: Area = . 85.0 2 C To use the formula above we may use sine law to calculate the side b AC , but we first may calculate the angle B = 180 65 85 = 30 : sin 20 sin 85 55 sin 30 sin B sin C = b= = 27.6 m = b 55 sin 85 b c bc sin A 27.6 55.0 sin 65 Area = = = 688 m 2 [1/0] 2 2
55.0 m
[1/0] [1/0] Answer: Area = 688 m 2
10. In a triangle the sides are 8.0 cm , 10.0 cm and 12.00 cm. Calculate the smallest angle of the triangle to the nearest tenth of a degree. [NPMaDVT02_modified 3/0] Suggested solution: Answer: The smallest angle of the triangle is 48.6 a BC = 12.00 cm A b AC = 10.0 cm c AB = 8.0 cm The smallest angle face the smallest c AB = 8.0 cm b AC = 10.0 cm side, i.e. in our triangle it is the angle C which is opposite to the side c AB = 8.0 cm C B Using the cosine law: a BC = 12.00 cm a2 + b2 c2 2 2 2 c = a + b 2 a b cos(C ) cos(C ) = 2 a b
122 + 10 2 82 cos(C ) = = 0.75 C = sin 1 (0.75) = 48.59 2 (12) (10) Answer: The smallest angle of the triangle is 48.6
11. In the triangle ABC the angle A = 60.0 , and the sides AB = 60.0 cm , BC = 100.0 cm . Calculate the angle B and the length of the side AC. [2/0] Suggested solution: Answer: B 88.7 ; b AC 116 cm Data: A = 60.0 , c AB = 60.0 cm , a BC = 100.0 cm ; B = ? , b AC = ? sin A sin C sin 60 sin C 60 sin 60 = = = 0.5196 Using the sine law: sin C = a c 100 60 100 C = sin 1 (0.5196) C 31.3 Therefore: B = 180 A C = 180 60 31.3 = 88.69 88.7 B 88.7 sin A sin B sin 60 sin 88.69 100 sin 88.69 = = = 115.55 cm ; AC 116 cm b= a b 100 b sin 60
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4 and 0 . 5 24 Suggested solutions: Answer: sin (2 ) = 25

12. Find sin 2 if cos =
[3/0]
sin =
4 5 2 sin + cos2 = 1
sin = sin =
25 16 25 9 25 [1/0]
sin = 1 cos 2 Due to the fact that 0 sin = 1 cos

2
4 sin = 1 5 sin = 1 16 25
[1/0]
3 5 sin (2 ) = 2 sin cos 4 3 sin (2 ) = 2 5 5 24 Answer: sin (2 ) = 25 sin =
[1/0]
13. Find all of solutions of the equation below and answer to the nearest tenth of a degree:
7 cos 3 x (2 sin 2 x 1) = 0
[4/0]
Suggested solutions: Answers: x =
n x = 15 + 180 n n = 0, 1, 2, ... ; 6 3 x = 75 + 180 n 1 7 cos 3 x (2 sin 2 x 1) = 0 sin 2 x = 2 x = sin 1 (0.5) = 30 2 cos 3x = 0 3x = + n n = 0, 1, 2, ... 2 x = 30 + 360 n 2 2 x = 180 30 + 360 n = 150 + 360 n n x = 15 + 180 n x= + n = 0, 1, 2, ... n = 0, 1, 2, ... 6 3 x = 75 + 180 n 2 sin 2 x 1 = 0 2 sin 2 x = 1
14. Show that tan x =
1 cos 2 x for all those values of x for which the function is defined. sin 2 x [3/0]
Suggested solutions: / / / 1 cos 2 x 1 1 2 sin 2 x 1 1 + 2 sin 2 x 2 sin x sin x sin x = = tan x . = = = / sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x 2 sin x cos x 2 sin x cos x cos x
QED
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15.
TRIANGLES
[Open Solutions Part NPMaDVT97 6/0]
A triangle has six elements, three sides and three angles. Suppose that you choose values of three elements. Draw figures and show with examples how the other elements can be calculated if you have chosen values of: a) Two sides and one angle. b) Two angles and one side. Examine what choices in a) and b) above which result in one triangle, more than one triangle or no triangle.
When marking this question, the teacher will consider: how well you have chosen your examples. if your calculations are correct. how well you have analyzed the different cases. how well you have explained and described your solutions. what mathematical knowledge you have shown.
Suggested solutions: If any of the given angles is 90 (lets assume A = 90 ), the triangle is a right triangle, and Pythagoras theory is applicable, a is then hypotenuse of the triangle and the following laws are applicable. We may use them as needed to calculate the desired unknown: c b a 2 = b 2 + c 2 ; sin C = ; cos C = and a a c tan C = b If Pythagoras theorem a 2 = b 2 + c 2 is applicable between the sides of the triangle, then it is a right triangle and the laws above may be used to c b c calculate the desired unknown, i.e.: a 2 = b 2 + c 2 ; sin C = ; cos C = and tan C = a a b
If two sides and one angle are given: If in the triangle ABC two sides and one angle are given we may use sine law to calculate the other sides as well as other angles of the triangle. For example if the sides a , c and the angle A are given i. we may use the sine law to calculate C . ii. Then use the fact that in the plane geometry the sum of the angles is equal to 180 and therefore calculate the third angle B . iii. Then we may use either the sine law or the cosine law to calculate the third side!
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sin A sin C c sin A c sin A = sin C = C = sin 1 a c a a B = 180 A C sin B sin A = b a sin B b= a sin A As it was said above as an alternative method we may use the cosine law as well: b 2 = a 2 + c 2 2 a c cos B
If two angles and one side are given: Lets assume the angles A and B , and side c are given: i. In this case first we may use the fact that the sum of the angles in the plane geometry must be 180 and calculate the third angle: C = 180 A B . sin A sin B sin C = = ii. Use the sine law to calculate the other angles: a b c If only the sides are given: i. In this case first we must use the cosine law to calculate any given angel. For example to calculate the angle B may use the following cosine law: 2 b = a 2 + c 2 2 a c cos B 2 a c cos B = a 2 + c 2 b 2 a2 + c2 b2 cos B = 2a c a2 + c2 b2 B = cos 1 2ac ii. Then we may continue using the cosine law to find another angle or switch it to the sine law to find the second angle A sin A sin B sin C = = a b c iii. We may use any of the other two laws or just the fact that the sum of the angles in the plane geometry must be 180 and calculate the third angle: C = 180 A B .
In the study above, in part a If two sides are equal, i.e. if a = c , and angle A are given, then the triangle is isosceles and naturally A = B . There are infinite number of possibilities for isosceles of identical sides, a = c , but different angles A = B However if A = 60 then even the third angle also will naturally be A = B = C = 60 . This means the third side is also identical to the other sides, i.e.: a = c = b this would on the other hand mean an equilateral triangle which is very unique. If only two sides and an angle is given, obviously if the angle is 180 or more, we can not construct a plane triangle by these givens. Wording of the problem more than one triangle is not so clear for me at this point. I do not see possibility of making more than one triangle by two sides and one angle, unless the sides do not meet each other at their ends!
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In the study above, in part b, on the other hand If the two given angles are equal and acute, i.e. A = B < 90 then there would be a possibility of only one isosceles triangle. If the two given angles are equal and acute, i.e. A = B < 60 then the resulting triangle is a unique equilateral triangle where all sides are also equal to each other: a = c = b If both of the given angles are simultaneously larger than i.e. 90 obviously no plane triangle could be constructed. If only two sides and an angle is given, obviously if the angle is 180 or more, we can not construct a plane triangle by these givens. If the sum of the given angles is larger than 180 no plane triangle could be constructed. Wording of the problem more than one triangle is not so clear for me at this point. I do not see possibility of making more than one triangle by two sides and one angle, unless the sides do not meet each other at their ends! In the study above, in part c, on the other hand we should realize that not all three angles may build a triangle
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Suggested Solutions G-level Test V2 Ch5 MaDNVC06 trigonometry

behzad.massoumzadeh@huddinge.se Not for sale. Free to use for educational purposes.