PAPER 3 : QUESTION 1 The following scientific skills are tested in Question 1: 1. OBSERVATION QUESTION : State two observations.

ANSWER : Write down what can be observed only. Do not do any analysis, comparison or conclusion. For most experiments, the observation can be written in the form: The .(responding variable) .. at ..(manipulated variable) is (state reading of measuring instrument) ( Write the observation for the highest and lowest value of the responding variable.) 2. INFERENCE State one inference which corresponds to each observation. An inference is a brief explanation of the observation, based on scientific knowledge which you already know. 3. MEASURING AND USING NUMBERS Record the reading of thermometer, stopwatch, measuring tools , ruler etc. from the given diagram. Be careful of the number of decimal places which you should have in your readings. 4. COMMUNICATING Construct the table using the given titles, record the relevant data or calculation. Units of measurements should be written together with table titles, not with readings. 5. INTERPRETING DATA Explain / state the relationship between manipulated and responding variables as obtained from a graph of the results. 6. CONTROLLING VARIABLES Variables (STATE) Method to handle the variables (MUST USE VERB and state the INSTRUMENT used) MANIPULATED Use / . RESPONDING Record / measure using . (Observe/ read/ are not accepted) CONTROLLED Use the same/ Maintain

7. MAKING HYPHOTHESIS Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria: * State the manipulated variable * State the responding variable * Relate the manipulated variable and the responding variable (When relating mv and rv, do not use neutral relationships like affects or influence or changes with. Commit yourself to one of the following relationship terms: increases with / decreases with . 8. PREDICTING QUESTION : If the experiment is repeated .., predict the observation ANSWER : One number or relevant statement e.g. the (responding variable) will be higher / lower than (the value in the first experiment) 9. DEFINING OPERATIONALLY This is a definition in the context of the experiment, and not the textbook definition. EXAMPLE 1: An experiment is carried out to investigate photosynthesis and the number of bubbles released is counted. The operational definition of photosynthesis would then be: Photosynthesis is the process where green plants release bubbles in the presence of light, carbon dioxide and water. EXAMPLE 2: An experiment is carried out to investigate photosynthesis and leaves are tested with iodine solution for the presence of starch. The operational definition of photosynthesis would be: Photosynthesis is the process where green leaves in the presence of light, carbon dioxide and water, produce starch which turns iodine solution dark blue. (You must have a phrase which includes the context of the experiment / experimental conditions.) 10. CLASSIFYING Students must complete the given table according to the title . If the table is not provided, construct the table according to the classification given . 11. USING SPACE-TIME RELATIONSHIP State the changes of the responding variable with time. Use relationship words like increases with / decreases with / remains constant with / increases proportionately with / etc. Do not use neutral relationship terms like affects / influences / changes with.

PAPER 3 : QUESTION 2 This question tests students ability to plan an experiment in a given format. Students must have all of the following : 1. Problem statement 2. Aim of investigation 3. Hypothesis 4. Variables 5. List of apparatus and materials 6. Technique used 7. Experimental procedure or method 8. Presentation of data 9. Conclusion 1. PROBLEM STATEMENT Must be written in the form of a question remember to end with a question mark. (Cannot start with do or does, must start with how,what,which)

2. AIM Write down the aim as given in the question. 3. HYPOTHESIS Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria: * State the manipulated variable * State the responding variable * Relate the manipulated variable and the responding variable (Remember no neutral relationship terms) 4. VARIABLES Write down all 3 variables (one of each) 5. TECHNIQUE In a complete sentence, write down what is observed or measured (include the instrument used). State the specific name of the technique where applicable. Example : (i) Measure and record the volume of fruit juices needed to change blue DCPIP to colourless, using a syringe. (ii)Measure and record the initial and final temperature of the water in the boiling tube using a thermometer.

6. MATERIALS AND APPARATUS List down at least 3 materials and 3 apparatus . 7. PROCEDURE / METHOD Write down each step clearly and systematically (include precautionary steps) . Your steps should include the following: K1 Steps where you describe how apparatus and materials are handled. K2 Steps where you describe how the controlled variable is maintained K3 Steps where you describe how the manipulated variable is altered K4 Steps where you describe how the responding variable is measured and the instrument to be used. K5 Precautionary steps which ensure safety / improve accuracy of readings. (Since this is a planning of an experiment to be carried out, procedures should be written as a set of instructions and not in passive speech. 8. PRESENTATION OF DATA Construct the table with the correct titles and units (Table is to be left blank, without results / readings). 9. CONCLUSION Repeat or modify the hypothesis sentence. It is not required to write the phrase therefore the hypothesis is accepted / rejected" (since you are planning an experiment and have not carried it out.)