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EXERCISE:HYDRAULICS(PASCALSPRINCIPLE)PHYS208A NAME:________________________

Hydraulicdevice:Adevicethatusesliquidstotransmitpressurefromone pointtoanother. Weusetheprincipleofhydraulicsbecause: Onepistoncanbelargerthantheother ItusesPascalsprinciple Liquidstransmitpressuretoalldirectionequally Liquidsareincompressible(cannotbecrushedor contracted)

Howstuffworks: Air compressor puts pressure on a large surface area of fluid in underground reservoir tank. The pressure exerted on reservoir fluid is equal to pressure the fluid will exertonsmallersurfaceareapiston. Pressure=force/areaP=

F A

P(Pressure)hasunitofPascal(Pa)
F

F(Force)hasunitofNewton(N) A(unitArea)hasunitofmetersquared(m2)
P A

Inthecaseofhydraulicproblems,weknowthatP1=P2,therefore: P1=P2or
F1 A1

F 2 A2

Note:Apistonisacomponentofhydraulicenginethatiscircular.To calculatetheareaofapiston,usetheformulaofcircle:

2 Area(circle)= r2 d 4

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MSVRdotSMPKTM fallsmt2011 Page1

EXERCISE:HYDRAULICS(PASCALSPRINCIPLE)PHYS208A NAME:________________________
PROBLEMS: 1. A 100-N force is applied to a small piston of a hydraulic system. The cross-section of the small piston is 60 cm2. What is the magnitude of the weight that can be lifted by the large piston, which has a surface of 480 cm2?

2. A trash compactor pushes down with a force of 500 N on a 3 cm2 input piston, causing a force of 30,000 N to crush the trash. What is the area of the output piston that crushes the trash?

3. Johnny the auto mechanic needs to raise a 1200-kg car on his hydraulic lift so that he can work underneath. If the diameter of the input piston is 25 cm, and the maximum force he is able to push is 100-N, then how big is the diameter of the output piston that is supporting the car?

4. The cross-sectional area of the input piston is 12 cm2, while that of the output plunger is 1200 cm2. The force F1 applied to the input piston has a magnitude of 120 N. What is the weight of the car?

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MSVRdotSMPKTM fallsmt2011 Page2

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