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German-Malaysian Institute

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SPECIAL EXAMINATION
Academic Period : Jan 2009
Subject Code Duration Prepared By Total Marks : : : : : ELECTRONICS EET O124 3 HOURS AZLIA BTE ABDUL RAHMAN 100

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Write down clearly (with capital letters) your name, trade, group and the date of examination at the bottom of this page. Do not open this question booklet until you are told to do so by the invigilator. Read the specific instructions and questions carefully before answering.

This question paper consists of 10 printed pages including this page.

Students Name Students I/D No. : :

EET 0124

ELECTRONICS
: :

Semester/Trade/ Group Date

SECTION A (40 Marks) - ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 1. Describe the difference between n-type and p-type semiconductor materials. 3 Marks 2. Using the ideal and practical diode model, determine the diode voltage and circuit current for the circuit shown below.

Si

Ge

6V

2k

6V

2k

(a)

(b)

Figure 1

6 Marks 3. A transistor circuit is measured to have IC = 2 mA and IE = 2.05 mA. Determine: a) IB b) ) 3 Marks
DC

4. What causes the ripple voltage on the output of a capacitor-filter? 2 Marks

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

5.

The circuit uses an n-channel D-MOSFET is having the transfer curve as shown in Figure 2 below.
I D (m ) A
1 3

1 2

1 1

(-4 V, 1 m ) 0 A

1 0

VG (V ) S
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2

Figure 2

Determine: a) IDSS b) VGS(OFF) c) IDQ d) VGSQ e) VG f) RS g) Is the MOSFET operating in its depletion mode or enhancement mode? 6 Marks 6. Name the component that has the following symbol:

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EET 0124
a)

ELECTRONICS
b)
A

c)

d)

D G S
G K

4 Marks 7. What is the most common diac application? 1 Marks 8. Compare the Silicon Control Rectifier (SCR) with the triac in terms of basic operation? 2 Marks 9. What is the relationship between photodiode light current (IL) and dark current (ID) ? 2 Marks 10. List three ideal characteristics of an op-amp. 3 Marks 11. An op-amp has a differential voltage gain of 200,000. Calculate its CMRR (in dB) if the output voltage is measured to be 2.0V pp when the input terminals are connected together and a 0.1Vpp voltage is applied between the inputs and ground. 2 Marks 12. If the comparator circuit in Figure 3 having the reference voltage connected to the inverting terminal as shown below, draw the input and the expected output waveforms.

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS
+
Vout

Vp = 2V

AC

Vref =1V

Figure 3

4 Marks

13.

Determine the maximum allowable value of Vin for the circuit shown in Figure 4. Assume the gain of the amplifier is 200.
20k

Vin

100

Vo ut = 8V

Figure 4

2 Marks

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

SECTION B (60 marks) - Answer ONLY 4 questions QUESTION 1: For the circuit in Figure 5 below, calculate ;
1:3 12V rms 50 Hz 470 F 3 k

Figure 5

a) b) c) d) e) f)

Output frequency, fout Load voltage, VP(out) Ripple voltage, Vr DC output voltage, V(out)dc DC load current, IL Peak Inverse Voltage, PIV [4] [3] [4] [2] [1]

[1]

15 Marks QUESTION 2: a) 0.7V. [5] Determine RB and for fixed bias circuit in Figure 6 below. Assume VBE =

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS
VCC = +20V

RB

IC = 1.96 mA

RC

I B = 21A

Figure 6

b) and

The self bias circuit shown in Figure 7 below has a JFET with IDSS = 8.0mA VGS(OFF) = -4.0V. Find : i) ii) IDQ and VGSQ VDSQ
V DD = 16V

[8] [2]

R D = 2.2k

R G = 1M

R S = 470k

Figure 7

15 Marks

QUESTION 3: a) b) List two methods to trigger an SCR? List two methods that are used to force an SCR into cutoff. [2] Page 7 of 12
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[2]

EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

c)

What is the difference between forward blocking region and forward operating region of the SCR? [3]

d)

Sketch the SCR characteristic curve (for IG = 0), and label for reverse avalanche region, reverse blocking region, forward conduction region (On), forward-blocking region (Off), VBR(F), VBR(R), and IH. [8]

15 Marks QUESTION 4: The following questions are related to opto-electronics devices. a) List the two advantages of a silicon photocell to compare with a selenium [2] b) What is the particular advantage of a photodiode? [2] c) Draw the circuit for optical coupler. [2] d) Explain how light is produced by Light Emitting Diode (LED). [3] e) Why Silicon and Germanium are not used in producing Light Emitting [2] f) How a photodiode differs from a rectifier diode? [2] g) In the electromagnetic spectrum, what is the definition of white light? [2] 15 marks photocell.

Diode (LED).

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

QUESTION 5 a) Write the equation for a voltage gain in an inverting amplifier and in a non-inverting amplifier. [2] b) Draw a basic configuration circuit for an inverting amplifier. [2] c) List down the three modes of operation for a differential amplifier. [3] d) Determine the output voltage of the op-amp differentiator in Figure 8 for the triangular wave input shown. [4]
Rf = 2.2k

+5V 10 s 5 s +5V

C = 0.001 F

Vout

Figure 8

e) Calculate the output voltage for summing amplifier in Figure 9, by showing that the amplifier produces an output voltage whose magnitude is the average of the input voltage. [4]

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS
R f = 25k R 1 = 100k R 2 = 100k R 3 = 100k R 4 = 100k

V in1 = +1V V in2 = +2V V in3 = +3V

_
Vout

V in4 = +4V

Figure 9

15 marks

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

QUESTION 6 The following questions are related to frequency response and stability of an operational amplifier. a) Given the bandwidth for an amplifier is 9kHz. Calculate the upper critical frequency if the lower critical frequency is 1kHz. [2] b) Name two types of open loop responses. [2] c) What are the benefits of negative feedback in an op-amp circuit? [2] d) A certain op-amp has three internal amplifier stages with the following gains and critical frequencies as shown below; Open loop gain ; Stage 1 : Stage 2 : Stage 3 : i) ii) [3] iii) Analyze this op-amps stability by calculating its phase margin. Evaluate your results. [3] Aol = 100dB Av1 = 52dB, fc1 = 1kHz Av2 = 30dB, fc2 = 10kHz Av3 = x dB, fc3 = 100kHz [3]

Calculate the stage 3 gain in decibels. Calculate the total phase lag when f=20kHz.

15 marks

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EET 0124

ELECTRONICS

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