Genesis 1:26-28

And God said, Let us make man in our

image, after our likeness; and let them have
dominion over the fish of the sea, and over
the birds of the air, and over the cattle, and
over all the earth, and over every creeping
thing that creeps upon the earth. So God
created man in His own image, in the image
of God created He him; male and female He
created them. And God blessed them, and
God said to them, Be fruitful, and multiply,
and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and
have dominion over the fish of the sea, and
over the birds of the air, and over every
living thing that moves upon the earth.
The World is a Human Responsibility
There are two callings with which humanity struggles. One is the human
tendency to conquer nature. This desire motivates much creativity, from the
domestication of animals in ancient times, to genetic engineering and
other technological wonders in our day. However, the other pull we feel is
to protect nature for posterity. Is natures duty to fulfill human needs? If so,
why do we need to protect our world?
The Torah uses different descriptions when presenting the creation of Adam in
Chapters one and two in Genesis.. Lets look at these differences in the original
sources.
Genesis 2:5-15 Genesis 1:26-28
~ n op: : : nn + 5 : n : x a o _ +; n v y : , + ~
:_ 5 a y ~; _ n :_ 5 a n _ n n a a o n _ v n y a o_ n n + + a
y ~; _ n : y v n ~ _ n v n ~ _ n . _ ~ a op: o _ +; _ n n
n : x a , o : x a op: n _ ~ _ a , _ ~ _ a n_ a p : ~_ 5_ i
o _ n . o _ n | ~ _ a op: , o n_ : ~ n op: :
_ n v a 5 y ~; _ n n : n a ~ ~ o , o_ n n + + a + ~
y ~; _ n : y n v n ~ _ n n_ n :_ 5 a o n _ v n y a .
And God said, Let us make man in our
image, after our likeness; and let them have
dominion over the fish of the sea, and over
the birds of the air, and over the cattle, and
over all the earth, and over every creeping
thing that creeps upon the earth. So God
created man in His own image, in the image
of God created He him; male and female He
created them. And God blessed them, and
God said to them, Be fruitful, and multiply,
and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and
have dominion over the fish of the sea, and
over the birds of the air, and over every living
thing that moves upon the earth.
n + _ v n a v y :_ 5 y ~;_ a n n o ~ c n + _ v n n v : 5
n _ n x o ~ c , ~ c n n : 5 n ' op: y ~; _ n : y ,
n _ n _ + _ n n + a y : o _ +; ... ~ x n ' op: n
n _ n _ + _ n n ~ _ o _ y o _ +; _ n , o n n n v : _ o a n o ,
n_ n v o : : o _ +; _ n n . y c n ' op: + y a +
o + p n , ~ _ x_ ~ v o _ +; _ n n o _ v o v_ ... n p n '
op: n _ ~ n _ v : n _ + a _ y : + y + a n n : o _ +; _ n n .
And every plant of the field before it was in
the earth, and every herbof the field before it
grew; for the Lord Cod had not caused it to
rain upon the earth, and there was not a man
L CC C C C
man of the dust of the ground, and breathed
into his nostrils the breath of life; and man
became a living soul. And the Lord Cod
planted a garden eastwar d in Eden; and there
he put the man whom he had formed...And
the Lord Cod took the man, and put him into
the garden of Eden to cultivate it and to keep
it.
Genesis 2:5-15
And every plant of the field before it was in
the earth, and every herb of the field before
it grew; for the Lord God had not caused it
to rain upon the earth, and there was not a
man to till the groundAnd the Lord God
formed man of the dust of the ground, and
breathed into his nostrils the breath of life;
and man became a living soul. And the Lord
God planted a garden eastward in Eden;
and there he put the man whom he had
formed...And the Lord God took the man,
and put him into the garden of Eden to
cultivate it and to keep it.
The World is a Human Responsibility
There are two callings with which humanity struggles. One is the human
tendency to conquer nature. This desire motivates much creativity, from the
domestication of animals in ancient times, to genetic engineering and
other technological wonders in our day. However, the other pull we feel is
to protect nature for posterity. Is natures duty to fulfill human needs? If so,
why do we need to protect our world?
The Torah uses different descriptions when presenting the creation of Adam in
Chapters one and two in Genesis.. Lets look at these differences in the original
sources.
Genesis 2:5-15 Genesis 1:26-28
~ n op: : : nn + 5 : n : x a o _ +; n v y : , + ~
:_ 5 a y ~; _ n :_ 5 a n _ n n a a o n _ v n y a o_ n n + + a
y ~; _ n : y v n ~ _ n v n ~ _ n . _ ~ a op: o _ +; _ n n
n : x a , o : x a op: n _ ~ _ a , _ ~ _ a n_ a p : ~_ 5_ i
o _ n . o _ n | ~ _ a op: , o n_ : ~ n op: :
_ n v a 5 y ~; _ n n : n a ~ ~ o , o_ n n + + a + ~
y ~; _ n : y n v n ~ _ n n_ n :_ 5 a o n _ v n y a .
And God said, Let us make man in our
image, after our likeness; and let them have
dominion over the fish of the sea, and over
the birds of the air, and over the cattle, and
over all the earth, and over every creeping
thing that creeps upon the earth. So God
created man in His own image, in the image
of God created He him; male and female He
created them. And God blessed them, and
God said to them, Be fruitful, and multiply,
and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and
have dominion over the fish of the sea, and
over the birds of the air, and over every living
thing that moves upon the earth.
n + _ v n a v y :_ 5 y ~;_ a n n o ~ c n + _ v n n v : 5
n _ n x o ~ c , ~ c n n : 5 n ' op: y ~; _ n : y ,
n _ n _ + _ n n + a y : o _ +; ... ~ x n ' op: n
n _ n _ + _ n n ~ _ o _ y o _ +; _ n , o n n n v : _ o a n o ,
n_ n v o : : o _ +; _ n n . y c n ' op: + y a +
o + p n , ~ _ x_ ~ v o _ +; _ n n o _ v o v_ ... n p n '
op: n _ ~ n _ v : n _ + a _ y : + y + a n n : o _ +; _ n n .
And every plant of the field before it was in
the earth, and every herbof the field before it
grew; for the Lord Cod had not caused it to
rain upon the earth, and there was not a man
L CC C C C
man of the dust of the ground, and breathed
into his nostrils the breath of life; and man
became a living soul. And the Lord Cod
planted a garden eastwar d in Eden; and there
he put the man whom he had formed...And
the Lord Cod took the man, and put him into
the garden of Eden to cultivate it and to keep
it.
Environment
The World Is a Human Responsibility
www.theglobalday.com
There are two callings with which humanity struggles. One is the human tendency to conquer nature. This desire
motivates much creativity, from the domestication of animals in ancient times, to genetic engineering and other
technological wonders in our day. However, the other pull we feel is to protect nature for posterity. Is natures duty
to fulfill human needs? If so, why do we need to protect our world?
The Torah uses different descriptions when presenting the creation of Adam in Chapters 1 and 2 in Genesis. Lets
look at these differences in the original sources.
Genesis Navigator
o For what purpose was Adam created according to the description in Chapter 1? How is his role described in Chapter 2?
o Do these two descriptions complement each other? Do they contradict each other, or do they complete each other? Explain.
o How is the creation of Adam described in both of these sources?
o What is the connection between how Adam was created, and the description of his role in the world according to each one
of the sources?
Israel Institute for Talmudic Publications POB 7273 91071 Jerusalem Israel tel: 972-2-6460919 steinsaltz@milta.co.il
Environment
The World Is a Human Responsibility
www.theglobalday.com
Midrash Kohelet (Ecclesiastes) Rabba 7:13
When the Holy One created Adam, He took him for a tour of all the trees in the Garden of Eden, and He said to him: See how
My works are so glorious and pleasant! All of this, I have created for you! Make sure that you do not ruin and destroy My world,
for if you do, no one will be able to fix it after you are gone!
Kohelet Rabba Navigator
o If everything is created for Adam, why cant he do whatever he wants with it?
o Why was this commandment given to humanity? What makes us different than any other creature?
Deuteronomy 20:19-20
When you shall besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy its trees by forcing an ax against
them; for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down. For is the tree of the field a man that it should besieged by you?
Only the trees which you know are not trees for food, you shall destroy and cut them down; and you shall build siege works
against the city that makes war with you, until it is subdued.
Deuteronomy Navigator
o Why cant fruit trees be destroyed according to these verses?
o What is the purpose of destroying trees that do not bear fruit, according to the Torah?
o What approach to nature do these verses suggest?
o How can we reconcile the approach from these verses when compared with what we have learned from the verses in Genesis?
Maimonides, Rambam, The Laws of Kings and Their Wars 6:8-10
N What is the purpose of destroying trees that do not bear fruit according to the
Torah?
N What approach to nature do these verses suggest?
N How can we reconcile the approach from these verses when compared with
what we have learned from the verses in Genesis?
M Ma ai im mo on ni id de es s, , T Th he e L La aw ws s o of f K Ki in ng gs s a an nd d t th he ei ir r W Wa ar rs s 6 6: :8 8 1 10 0
5n :: xxp vav +5 onn nn onn y:n n:+n: ynv : , ~n:v " n nnvn :
nxy " , np: yxpn :5 . np: nnnvn |~+ :5n : yxpn :5 opn :5a : +a:a ~xna : . :a
o~n n:: pin nn o n xxp , o~n n+va pinv :on , o~p n+v :on , n~c :
n~n nnnvn |~+ : .
: |~x : :o n yp: ~nn p~c : :5 , :v cyn ~a+ : nvy : pinv :5n : 5
a n~c: ~ , n yp: ~nn ...
+a:a n::n : , o:5 ~avnn :5 : , o++a y~p , :a c~n , yn onc , |~+ n:5n +an
nnnvn , :a ~ay nnvn .
It is forbidden to chop down fruit trees and to deny them water so they will dry, as it says in the Torah
do not destroy its trees. And anyone who does so will be given lashes. This applies not only during a
siege, but in all instances that one chops down a fruit tree in a destructive manner but one may destroy
a fruit tree if it is harming other trees, or it is harming the field of others, or if its maintenance is
expensive. The Torah only prohibits destroying trees for the sake of destruction. Any nonfruit bearing
trees one is allowed to destroy, even for no purpose. One can do the same for a fruit tree that has aged
and bears little fruit and is not worth maintaining. It is permissible to cut it down.
This is true not only of trees. Whoever breaks vessels or rips clothing or destroys a building, or blocks up
a water source, or destroys foodstuffs, in a destructive manner has violated the prohibition of bal
tashchit do not be wasteful
Your Rambam Navigator
N When does Rambam allow for the destruction of fruit trees? From what word in
the Torah does Rambam base his conclusion?
N Does the Rambam allow for the destruction of nonfruit bearing trees without
cause?
N What is the nature of the relationship between humanity and nature
according to the Rambams position?
.
Your Genesis Navigator
N For what purpose was Adam created according to the description in
Chapter One? How is his role described in Chapter 2?
N Do these two descriptions complement each other? Do they contradict
each other, or do they complete each other? Explain.
N How is the creation of Adam described in both of these sources?
N What is the connection between how Adam was created, and the
description of his role in the world according to each one of the sources?
Midrash Kohelet (Ecclesiastes) Rabba 7:13
apn ~av nyva " +y + :: :5 :y ~inn :c: v~n o+ n n , : ~n : o: nn5 vyn n~
n navn ! n~av nn :5 n~a |:ava . n:y n a~nn :p:pn :v |ny+ n , n:p:p ov
|~n pnv n .
When the Holy One created Adam, He took him for a tour of all the trees in the Garden of Eden,
and He said to him: See how My works are so glorious and pleasant! All of this, I have created
for you! Make sure that you do not ruin and destroy My world, for if you do, no one will be able
to fix it after you are gone!
Your Kohelet Rabba Navigator
N If everything is created for Adam, why cant he do whatever he wants with it?
N Why was this commandment given to humanity? What makes us different than
any other creature?
Deuteronomy 20:19-20
n _ v o _ n : _ n : _ y o n_ : n : o a ~ o n_ ~ y : ~x _ n 5 , i ~ + _ : _ y n + : : n _ x y n n n v n : , n : 5 n : n n 5
n ~ 5 n : , ~ x _ n a | : _ o n a_ : n + _ v n y y o _ +; _ n 5 . n y y : 5 y + n ~ v y y p ~ n :_ 5 _ n _ ~_ 5 n n v n n ,
n _ n + ~ + y n _ n _ n : n | n y n _ v y n ~ v ~ y _ n : y ~ x _ n _ n : _ a .
When you shall besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy
its trees by forcing an ax against them; for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down.
For is the tree of the field a man that it should besieged by you? Only the trees which you know
are not trees for food, you shall destroy and cut them down; and you shall build siege works
against the city that makes war with you, until it is subdued.
Your Deuteronomy Navigator
N Why cant fruit trees be destroyed according to these verses?
Your Genesis Navigator
N For what purpose was Adam created according to the description in
Chapter One? How is his role described in Chapter 2?
N Do these two descriptions complement each other? Do they contradict
each other, or do they complete each other? Explain.
N How is the creation of Adam described in both of these sources?
N What is the connection between how Adam was created, and the
description of his role in the world according to each one of the sources?
Midrash Kohelet (Ecclesiastes) Rabba 7:13
apn ~av nyva " +y + :: :5 :y ~inn :c: v~n o+ n n , : ~n : o: nn5 vyn n~
n navn ! n~av nn :5 n~a |:ava . n:y n a~nn :p:pn :v |ny+ n , n:p:p ov
|~n pnv n .
When the Holy One created Adam, He took him for a tour of all the trees in the Garden of Eden,
and He said to him: See how My works are so glorious and pleasant! All of this, I have created
for you! Make sure that you do not ruin and destroy My world, for if you do, no one will be able
to fix it after you are gone!
Your Kohelet Rabba Navigator
N If everything is created for Adam, why cant he do whatever he wants with it?
N Why was this commandment given to humanity? What makes us different than
any other creature?
Deuteronomy 20:19-20
n _ v o _ n : _ n : _ y o n_ : n : o a ~ o n_ ~ y : ~x _ n 5 , i ~ + _ : _ y n + : : n _ x y n n n v n : , n : 5 n : n n 5
n ~ 5 n : , ~ x _ n a | : _ o n a_ : n + _ v n y y o _ +; _ n 5 . n y y : 5 y + n ~ v y y p ~ n :_ 5 _ n _ ~_ 5 n n v n n ,
n _ n + ~ + y n _ n _ n : n | n y n _ v y n ~ v ~ y _ n : y ~ x _ n _ n : _ a .
When you shall besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, you shall not destroy
its trees by forcing an ax against them; for you may eat of them, and you shall not cut them down.
For is the tree of the field a man that it should besieged by you? Only the trees which you know
are not trees for food, you shall destroy and cut them down; and you shall build siege works
against the city that makes war with you, until it is subdued.
Your Deuteronomy Navigator
N Why cant fruit trees be destroyed according to these verses?
English translation and navigator on following page
Israel Institute for Talmudic Publications POB 7273 91071 Jerusalem Israel tel: 972-2-6460919 steinsaltz@milta.co.il
Environment
The World Is a Human Responsibility
Continued: Maimonides, Rambam, The Laws of Kings and Their Wars 6:8-10
It is forbidden to chop down fruit trees and to deny them water so they will dry, as it says in the Torah, Do not destroy its trees.
And anyone who does so will be given lashes. This applies not only during a siege, but in all instances that one chops down a
fruit tree in a destructive manner, but one may destroy a fruit tree if it is harming other trees, or it is harming the field of others,
or if its maintenance is expensive. The Torah only prohibits destroying trees for the sake of destruction. Any non-fruit bearing
trees one is allowed to destroy, even for no purpose. One can do the same for a fruit tree that has aged and bears little fruit and
is not worth maintaining. It is permissible to cut it down.
This is true not only of trees. Whoever breaks vessels or rips clothing or destroys a building, or blocks up a water source,
or destroys foodstuffs, in a destructive manner has violated the prohibition of bal tashchitdo not be wasteful
Rambam Navigator
oWhen does Rambam allow for the destruction of fruit trees? From what word in the Torah does Rambam base his conclusion?
o Does the Rambam allow for the destruction of non-fruit bearing trees without cause?
o What is the nature of the relationship between humanity and nature according to the Rambams position?
Talmud Sanhedrin 38a
Our Rabbis taught: Adam was created [last of all beings] on the eve of Sabbath. And why? Lest the heretics say: The Holy
One, blessed be He, had a partner [Adam] in His work of creation. Another answer is: In order that, if a man's mind becomes
[too] proud, he may be reminded that the gnats preceded him in the order of creation. Another answer is: That he might
immediately enter upon the fulfillment of a commandment, the observance of the Sabbath. Another answer is: That he might
straightway go in to the banquet. The matter may be compared to a king of flesh and blood who built palaces and furnished them,
prepared a banquet, and thereafter brought in the guests. So too, Adam was created in a world that was already prepared.
Your Sanhedrin Navigator
oDoes the Talmud reflect what we have seen as the two approaches to humanitys role in the world?
o Does the parable of preparing a banquet meal for Adam fit the approach to creation as rendered in the first chapter of
Genesis? Refer to page 1.
Talmud Bava Metziya 85a
Talmud Sanhedrin 38a
i: n _ : a _ ] i:o cu5n :[ c ~ a : a v a n a _ o j\ua s , _ : o ui n u ? v o in c : u c ui : nio n n
i: u+ oi~ _ n : |i a in n _ o_ v _ u a n o _ a . a ~ _ n : c o n _ nit in v _ ~ i : v ) :n ( u+ , _ ui i: : oin_
| u ~ n _ o_ v _ u a n o _ a , u n na: ,\n . a ~ _ n : _ ~ a v_ : a o n i x u_ : :u ncu nau ~ u . a ~
_ n : _ ~ a v_ : a o n ~iv v_ : ~ u , :5u u:\v ,5\c \:e: ucnu: \a . : o u | : u : o a c ~ i n : a o _ u : _ o
) ,\c ( : : 5 o i , n n i n ~iv v , _ n i | a v : 5 n n i , |5 u+ a ,\n u:\v: ,\nc .
Our Rabbis taught: Adam was created [last ofall beingsj on the eve of Sabbath. And
H H HHL H RO H OHH H H SH L L R
RI HLR RH H L : , RH LI L HRH RR SR H H
HLH H SHHH L L H RH oI HLR RH H L H L
LHLHO HH SR H IOILOOH RI RH H RHH RI H
RH H L H Lstraightway go in to the banquet H H H RSH
R L RI IOH ORR R LO SOH ILH H SHSH 1H
HHIH R L H H H R RR am was created in a world that was already
SHSH
Your Sanhedrin Navigator
N Does the Talmud reflect what we have seen as the two approaches to
humanitys role in the world?
N Does the parable of preparing a banquet meal for Adam fit the approach to
creation as rendered in the first chapter of Genesis? Refer to page 1.
Talmud Bava Metziya 85a
~c :v a _ ~ ) - ~ ' v:n n+n ( : y + n v y n o~+v n nxy _ a , : y + n v y n ~n 5 : _ n . oc~on : : y
+ n v y n _ a n n ] nn n , nn nn ~a+n [ ? n n + _ : + y _ n + _ p c n n n : ] :+y +n nv o5:n
n [ v : n _ c n . : i _ : n n v ~ : n o_ : 5 a ] |:n n:n :+yn v~ |na :5 ++a [ :v a ~ _ p 5 _ a ] n5a .[
~ n; n : ] : [ :+y: : : i ] |: [ , |_ 5 : _ n ~ x : ncnv: . ~ n; ] ~n [ onvn : : n _ : _ p ] : [ o n ~ n :y
n~an n : n : y ] v a :y [ ~c . : y + n v y n ~n 5 : _ n ~c , o~ocn : _ n + n n_ n _ p _ v :_ 5
n n n ] o +n n n n nccn nnov [ :v a ~ _ n a ] n nan [ , n_ n _ + v : a _ n v5 ~ 5 _ p _ v :_ 5 n :
] n on:n ov :a n+:n nnn nccn on .[ ~ n; n_ : : n : p a v ] n:n on [ , ~n a n 5 ] ~n: :[
" _ n n ~ : y :_ 5 _ v y n " ) o:nn nnp , c .( ~ n; onvn : : n o n ~ n o n ~ : n : y ] :y [ , i pco ~c .
They [these horrible afflictions] came to him [Rebbe] because of something that once
happened.
Talmud Sanhedrin 38a
i: n _ : a _ ] i:o cu5n :[ c ~ a : a v a n a _ o j\ua s , _ : o ui n u ? v o in c : u c ui : nio n n
i: u+ oi~ _ n : |i a in n _ o_ v _ u a n o _ a . a ~ _ n : c o n _ nit in v _ ~ i : v ) :n ( u+ , _ ui i: : oin_
| u ~ n _ o_ v _ u a n o _ a , u n na: ,\n . a ~ _ n : _ ~ a v_ : a o n i x u_ : :u ncu nau ~ u . a ~
_ n : _ ~ a v_ : a o n ~iv v_ : ~ u , :5u u:\v ,5\c \:e: ucnu: \a . : o u | : u : o a c ~ i n : a o _ u : _ o
) ,\c ( : : 5 o i , n n i n ~iv v , _ n i | a v : 5 n n i , |5 u+ a ,\n u:\v: ,\nc .
Our Rabbis taught: Adam was created [last ofall beingsj on the eve of Sabbath. And
H H HHL H RO H OHH H H SH L L R
RI HLR RH H L : , RH LI L HRH RR SR H H
HLH H SHHH L L H RH oI HLR RH H L H L
LHLHO HH SR H IOILOOH RI RH H RHH RI H
RH H L H Lstraightway go in to the banquet H H H RSH
R L RI IOH ORR R LO SOH ILH H SHSH 1H
HHIH R L H H H R RR am was created in a world that was already
SHSH
Your Sanhedrin Navigator
N Does the Talmud reflect what we have seen as the two approaches to
humanitys role in the world?
N Does the parable of preparing a banquet meal for Adam fit the approach to
creation as rendered in the first chapter of Genesis? Refer to page 1.
Talmud Bava Metziya 85a
~c :v a _ ~ ) - ~ ' v:n n+n ( : y + n v y n o~+v n nxy _ a , : y + n v y n ~n 5 : _ n . oc~on : : y
+ n v y n _ a n n ] nn n , nn nn ~a+n [ ? n n + _ : + y _ n + _ p c n n n : ] :+y +n nv o5:n
n [ v : n _ c n . : i _ : n n v ~ : n o_ : 5 a ] |:n n:n :+yn v~ |na :5 ++a [ :v a ~ _ p 5 _ a ] n5a .[
~ n; n : ] : [ :+y: : : i ] |: [ , |_ 5 : _ n ~ x : ncnv: . ~ n; ] ~n [ onvn : : n _ : _ p ] : [ o n ~ n :y
n~an n : n : y ] v a :y [ ~c . : y + n v y n ~n 5 : _ n ~c , o~ocn : _ n + n n_ n _ p _ v :_ 5
n n n ] o +n n n n nccn nnov [ :v a ~ _ n a ] n nan [ , n_ n _ + v : a _ n v5 ~ 5 _ p _ v :_ 5 n :
] n on:n ov :a n+:n nnn nccn on .[ ~ n; n_ : : n : p a v ] n:n on [ , ~n a n 5 ] ~n: :[
" _ n n ~ : y :_ 5 _ v y n " ) o:nn nnp , c .( ~ n; onvn : : n o n ~ n o n ~ : n : y ] :y [ , i pco ~c .
They [these horrible afflictions] came to him [Rebbe] because of something that once
happened.
English translation and navigator on following page
Israel Institute for Talmudic Publications POB 7273 91071 Jerusalem Israel tel: 972-2-6460919 steinsaltz@milta.co.il
They [these horrible afflictions] came to him [Rebbe] because of something that once happened.
What happened? A calf was being taken to the slaughter, when it broke away, and hid his head under Rebbe's skirts,
and cried [in terror]. Rebbe said to him Go! For this you were created.
Thereupon they said [in Heaven], Since he has no pity for others, let us bring suffering upon him.
And the afflictions departed from him: How did this happen? One day Rabbis maidservant was sweeping the house;
[seeing] some young weasels lying there, she started to sweep them away.
Let them be, said he to her, It is written, and his tender mercies are over all his works. They said [in Heaven], Since
he has shown compassion, let us be compassionate to him.
Bava Metziya Navigator
oRebbe says, For this you were created. From all that we have seen, what approach does this statement reflect?
oWhat does this narrative teach us about humanity and nature?
oUsing all these sources, synthesize a concise description of how humanity should interact with the natural world.
Environment
The World Is a Human Responsibility
Israel Institute for Talmudic Publications POB 7273 91071 Jerusalem Israel tel: 972-2-6460919 steinsaltz@milta.co.il