Hunter Education Program Ben Woody Spring 2012 Time: 2 weeks Statement of Purpose The purpose of this unit

is to enable students to pass the Hunter Education Final Exam. This unit is comprised of 7 lessons and one trip with a DNR officer. Topics for this unit include hunter education, firearm knowledge and equipment, basic shooting skills, basic hunting skills, primitive hunting equipment and techniques, being a safe hunter, being a responsible and ethical hunter, preparation and survival skills and wildlife conservation. Behavioral Objectives: After completing this unit, the student should be able to: 1- List two reasons why hunter education is important 2- Describe the behavior of a responsible hunter 3- List sources of hunter education funding 4-Define the term firearm and list 5 types of firearm actions 5-Demonstrate proper firearm safety and handling 6- Describe different types of firearms and their uses 7- Describe the different types of ammunition and their uses 8- Define sight alignment and sight picture 9- List the 3 fundamentals of good marksmanship 10- Demonstrate four proper rifle shooting positions 11- Demonstrate proper shotgun shooting stance 12- List the 4 categories that wildlife is classified into 13- Describe 5 different hunting strategies 14- Describe what to do when approaching down game 15- Identify vital zones for various game 16- List the 3 main causes of meat spoilage 17- List the proper propellants for muzzleloaders 18- Identify the 3 common bow types 19- Identify the basic parts of an arrow and arrow heads 20- Identify how to properly nock an arrow 21- List the four main causes of hunting accidents 22- Demonstrate the proper ways to field carry a firearm 23- List 5 reasons why we have hunting laws 24- List 5 stages of hunter development 25- Prepare a sample hunting plan 26- List the 5 primary requirements for survival 27- Describe why hunters should wear fluorescent orange clothing 28- Demonstrate how to use a compass 29- Define wildlife conservation and how it differs from wildlife preservation 30- List the five essential elements for wildlife habitat 31- Define carrying capacity

2 Delivery Methods Lecture Lab Class discussions Diagrams Demonstrations Hands on learning activities Field trip Word List Stock Forestock Action Cartridge Firearm Semi-Automatic Action Prone Standing Upper Limb Nock Habitat Unit Outline I. A. Hunter Education- HAND OUT MANUEL (Todays Hunter) - Began in New York in 1949 - Used to reduce hunting accidents, as these types of programs spread across the country the International Hunter Education Association was created, the basis for this course - Courses used to produce responsible, safe, knowledgeable, involved hunters - Required for hunting license in SC B. Firearms TERMS: Use Laminated Poster Pictures of Riffle And Shotgun - Firearm- mechanical device that uses pressure from a burning powder to force a projectile through and out of a metal tube. Pg6 - Parts of a firearmREFER TO Butt Forestock Stock Trigger PAGES 7 & 8 Safety Magazine (for Chamber Trigger Guard Bolt Bore definitions Sight Breech and Muzzle Firing Pin Barrel Receiver identification)

Butt Barrel Magazine Shotshell Bolt Action Break Action Gauge Sitting Nocking Point Conservation Ammunition

Safety Muzzle Shotgun Choke Rimfire Lever Action Revolving Action Caliber Kneeling Crest Preservation

Trigger Sight Sight Alignment Centerfire Pump Action Single Action Lands Lower Limb Fletching Carrying Capacity

3 C. Firearm Actions- (REFER RIFLE Bolt Lever Pump Semi-Automatic Break (Hinge)

TO PAGES 12, 13)

Handgun Break Double Single Semi-Automatic

Shotgun Break (Single) Break (Double, SS) Break (Double, OU) Pump Semi-Automatic Bolt

II.

Ammunition- Use Reloading Exercise And School Resource Officer Exercise (Ask students about the types of guns they have shot, then ask what caliber and type of bullet. Use this to illustrate the many different types and calibers of firearms well over 100 different rifle and 6 major shotgun. Important to match the caliber with the game) - Ammunition varies depending on the type of firearm. (either cartridge or Shotshell) TERMS: Cartridge Shotshell Case Primer Gunpowder Projectile REFER TO Wad Bullet PAGES 9, 10 Cartridge Case Gunpowder Rimfire Rim Containing Primer ,11, 17 Centerfire Shot (sizes) Slug Lands Grooves - Firing pin is under tension when released by trigger in the pin moves forward striking and igniting the primer, the primer ignites the gunpowder creating the pressure that forces the projectile out of the barrel. III. A. Marksmanship, sights, shooting positions and stance

Different types of sights- bead, open, aperture (peep), telescopic (scope), Dot Students must determine their dominate eye by utilizing the exercise Students should put their hands on their chest and feel their bodies moving up and down Different shooting positions- PG 27 and 28 Prone- Lying down, the steadiest Standing- most difficult Sitting- Next to the prone it is the steadiest Kneeling- Less steady than the prone and sitting - Point a shotgun pull the trigger; Aim a rifle squeeze the trigger OTHER TERMS: -Pattern- used to illustrate the tightness of a shogun firing shot B. Basic Hunting Skills - Proper planning, scouting and education is needed to help ensure a successful and safe hunt

4 - Practice at the shooting range - Obtain and abide by the states currents rules and regulations (licensing) - Prepare for the type of animal you will be hunting - Wildlife Classifications PG 32 LARGE MAMMALS- Big game (deer, elk, bear) SMALL MAMMALS- Small game (rabbits, squirrels, raccoons) UPLAND BIRDS- (Turkey, Grouse, Quail, Dove) WATERFOUL- (Ducks and Geese) - Hunting Strategies- PG 33 STILL HUNTING- walking stealthily through an animals habitat as to not alert them. Typically for big game hunting. General rule is to be still for 10 times longer than you are stalking STAKING- Similar to still but involves following signs leading to a particular animal. Must remember to stay downwind, keep quiet and remain patient POSTING- Sitting or standing in one spot GROUND BLINDS- structures located on the ground that conceal the hunter ELEVATED STANDS- tower of tree stands, offer a number of advantages; sight GAME CALLING- effective technique for most animals, can be utilized to draw game closer to the hunter DRIVING- spread out across an area and drive to game out of cover. FLUSHING- using noise, movement or dogs to cause game to leave cover DOGS- (pointers, retrievers, spaniels, hunting hounds) TRAPPING- should educate yourself about the states rules and regulations regarding trapping and on the types of traps that will be used. - The most effective shots are in an animals vital zone - Vital zones are areas where major organs are residing - Vital zones are different for all animals. PG36,37 - Types of Shots on Wild Game PG36,37 BROADSIDE- preferred shot angle, looking at the side of the animal QUATERING AWAY- target is facing away from you but at an angle. QUATERING TOWARD- target is facing toward the hunter HEAD O- the animal is facing directly toward the hunter REAR END- the rear of the animal is facing the hunter (the shot should not be taken) - Approach down game with caution from above and behind the head, if the animal appears to be dead wait and watch for chest movements, if touched with a stick and doesnt blink you can be certain the animal is dead - Main Causes of meat Spoilage PG38 HEAT- is the number one concern; most meat begins to spoil in temperatures above 40 degrees Fahrenheit MOISTURE- encourages the growth of bacteria DIRT- can introduce bacteria

5 IV. Primitive Hunting Equipment and Techniques - Parts of a muzzle loaderPatch Box Cock Flint Frizzen Rear Sight Front Sight Muzzle Ramrod Key Pan Lock Plate Trigger Set Trigger Stock Butt plate Cap Nipple Striker

- REFER TO PAGES 40,41

- Black powder is the only type of powder to be used in muzzle loaders; traditional smokeless powders produce higher pressures that will destroy muzzleloaders - Can use pyrodex pellets in place of smokeless powder, (a pre loaded charge of powder) - Cap is used in place of a primer to propel the powder - Also matchlock and wheel lock actions -Types of Bows PG44 TERM: nocking point- place on bow string where the arrow rests before shooting - LONGBOW- (stick bow) traditional bow, capable of shooting with little extra equipment Parts include: lower limb, grip, upper limb, string silencer, nocking point -RECURVE BOW- limbs curve back away from the belly of the bow, provides more power, in a shorter bow than the long bow, also very smooth and quiet Parts include: lower limb, sight window, upper limb, arrow rest, grip, string, nocking point -COMPOUND BOW- most popular for hunting and target shooting, utilizes wheels and cables to decrease resistance as the string is pulled out. Parts include: lower limb, bow sight, upper limb, wheel, cables, grip, arrow rest, String - Parts of an Arrow PG 45 REFER TO TERMS: Arrowhead Shaft PAGE 45 Crest Fletching (cock, hen) Nock - Types of Arrowheads PG 46 - TERMS: Bullet Point Blunt Point Field Point JUDO Point Fish Point Broadhead Points Broadhead Points with mechanical blades

REFER TO PAGE 46

V. Safe Hunting Practices - Four main causes of hunting incidents pg 51 1-Hunter judgment mistakes- mistaking another person as game or not checking the background before firing 2- Safety Rule Violations- pointing the muzzle in the wrong direction, or ignoring proper firearm safety practices 3- Lack of Control and Practice- lead to accidental discharges and stray shots

6 4- Mechanical Failure- obstructed barrel or improper ammunition - Proper carrying of firearms in the field 1- Trail Carry 1- Sling Carry REFER 2- Elbow or Side Carry 3- Two-Handed or Ready Carry TO PG 52, 4- Cradle Carry 53 5- Shoulder Carry VI. A. Responsible and Ethical Hunter - We have hunting laws for 1- Game Conservation 2- Safety 3- Opportunity 4- Funding 5- Fair chase - The 5 Stages of Hunter Development pg 68, 69 1- Shooting stage- very eager to shoot can lead to bad mistakes 2- Limiting out stage- need to limit out is a driving factor 3- Trophy stage- hunter is selective and prefers quality over quantity 4- Method stage- process of hunting becomes the focus 5- Sportsman Stage- success is measured by the total experience B. Preparation and Survival Skills - Proper planning for a hunt includes: 1- Being ready- considers terrain location, weather, and dangerous game 2- Know your location- use a topographic map and compass 3- Prepare for Safety- asses physical condition and equipment 4- Tell others- be sure to tell where you are leaving from where you are going and when you are returning, give specific directions - Requirements for survival: PG 74 1- Preparing a Shelter 2- Starting a Fire 3- Signaling for help- three shots or three loud blasts on a whistle X markings 4- Drinking enough water 5- Finding Food - Hunters should utilize fluorescent orange clothing to help signal rescuers and to avoid being mistaken for game VII. Wildlife Conservation - Conservation is the wise use of natural resources, without wasting them - Preservation is saving natural resources, but with no consumptive use of them

7 - Five Essential Elements for wildlife habitat 1- Food 2- Water 3- Cover 4- Space 5- Arrangement

REFER TO PG 83

- Carrying capacity- the number of animals the habitat can support all year long Materials Needed Manuel (Todays Hunter) Handouts Reloading press and bullet components Laminated rifle and shotgun diagrams Board with scope attached Field Trip with DNR officer Assigned Activities Handouts Class activities Lab Activities Evaluation Quizzes Class Participation Hunter Education Program Test References Todays Hunter a guide to hunting responsibly and safely. Kalkomey Enterprises, 2010

8 NAME:____________________________ What types of actions? DATE:_____________________

1.___________________________

2.___________________________

3.___________________________

4.___________________________

5.____________________________

Define the following terms: 6. Firearm: 7. Safety: 8. Hunter Education: 9. Chamber: 10. Firing Pin: Label the parts of the rifle: (Stock, Butt, Safety, Bolt Handle, Trigger, Trigger Guard, Magazine, Bolt, Chamber, Forestock, Sights, Barrel, Muzzle)

9 NAME:____________________________ Label the Drawings: DATE:____________________

RIMFIRE or CENTERFIRE

RIMFIRE or CENTERFIRE

TERMS (maybe used more than once) Shot Slug Shell Case Wad Primer Rim Cannelure Nose Crimp Gunpowder Bullet

10 NAME:_____________________________ DATE:__________________

Describe the different shooting positions and list from 1 to 4 in order of steadiest; 1 being the steadiest and 4 the least steady. 1- PRONE:

2- STANDING:

3- SITTING:

4- KNEELING:

Fill in the missing blanks: 5. You ____________ a shotgun; _______________ the trigger. 6. You_____________ a rifle;________________ the trigger.

Sketch the proper sight picture when utilizing open sights:

Describe the proper breathing technique when firing a rifle:

11 NAME:__________________________________ List 5 Steps that should be taken when preparing for a hunt: 1DATE:_________________

2-

3-

4-

5-

Give an example for each of the following wildlife classifications: 6. Large Mammal: 7. Small Mammal: 8. Upland Birds: 9. Waterfowl: Describe the following hunting strategies: 10. Still Hunting:

11. Stalking:

12. Elevated Stands:

13. Posting: 14. List a hunting strategy that does not have involve a gun:_____________________________