CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION: Water quality management is for a great deal controlled by authorization of discharges of dangerous substances for which monitoring of discharges, effluents and influenced surface water is essential.On national and state level. The goal is to provide appropriate picture of current water-quality conditions and trends in water quality and water uses, and to facilitate the identification of emerging issues and future priorities. Human living environment degradation is new century continuing development in face of problem in whole world. Water resource protection, water environment improvement have been one of the most important issues all over the world from now to future. The urgent conditions of protecting water quality bring up more highly requirements for monitoring water quality as well as prediction and management of water quality. Automatic water monitoring technology is a very important and efficient instrument for water resource protection. The water inspection information is currently originated from every level of water environment inspection laboratory, and the information transmission between water environment inspection and management departments, transaction and management are done by the manual work method. The information management speed is slow, and management efficiency and work efficiency are low. Besides, the water quality information is difficult to reflect water situation on time, unable to discover the water pollution case suddenly happen, which can not fulfill requirements of high level information management. Based on current fast growing high-tech, electronic technology, communication technology and computer technology. so we decided to work in these difficulties and we make system which monitors quality of a water which helps us for different purposes. Our systems monitor and record water quality around the clock providing continuous data that can be used to identify trends and improve production. Almost any sensor can be used, including temperature, pH, turbidity, flow and level. Sensors can measure and store data at any interval you choose. Through the use of mathematical algorithms, you can store processed data in the units of your choice, simplifying data analysis.

1.2 PROBLEM DEFINATION: One of the fundamental challenges for water quality monitoring is we cannot get exact information about the quality of water at instant time at the remote place from actual ground zero. In addition, when the inspection of water is done industries control there pollution level to a great extent thus we cannot get exact pollutant level of water at all the time in same manner .Water quality is a complex subject, which involves physical, chemical, hydrological and biological characteristics of water and their complex and delicate relations. For irrigation dissolved solids and toxicants are important, for outdoor bathing pathogens are important and water quality is controlled accordingly. In our project we are using VB 6.0 for continuous data monitoring.

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY

India is rich in water resources, being endowed with a network of rivers and blessed with snow cover in the Himalayan range that can meet a variety of water requirements of the country. However, with the rapid increase in the population of the country and the need to meet the increasing demands of irrigation, human and industrial consumption, the available water resources in many parts of the country are getting depleted and the water quality has deteriorated. The monitoring is done on monthly or quarterly basis in surface waters and on half yearly basis in case of ground water. The water quality data are reported in Water Quality Statistics yearbooks.

Towards the Automation of Water Quality Monitoring Networks

John B. Copp, Evangelina Belia, Christian Hbner, Mario Thron, Peter Vanrolleghem and Leiv Rieger

Typical water quality monitoring is still achieved using a data logger in a stand-alone system, but recent research is focusing on the development of monitoring networks that integrate the information from different locations into knowledge about whole water system under study [8]. The development of monitoring networks instead of individual stations leads to new demands on bidirectional data exchange, i.e. various telemetry options, safety issues and accessibility. Three main reasons tend to limit the use of water monitoring stations : The lack of standardization; data quality problems leading to data graveyards that do not provide the required information; and, insufficient flexibility within the stations leading to problems when new sensors need to be connected or when the focus of the project changes. The vision of the next generation of water quality monitoring networks is the monitoring station under development and described here. Besides the focus on new automated data evaluation methods, this monitoring network concept combines technology with the highest possible flexibility. This flexibility enables the connection of various and multiple sensors from different manufacturers, different measuring locations and different monitoring goals

The basis for the network concept is that the platform should be the same for all measuring locations. It is recognized that space, energy, and environmental conditions at any one location may dictate the final configuration, but the basic platform is a common design. That is, the basic unit (a box with computational capability; and I/O units) will be the same, but the power supply, data transmission, and climatecontrol options will vary. The station itself could be housed in a trailer or delivered as a stand-alone box to be used directly with in-situ probes. Specifications have been developed using the highest standards in terms of durability, robustness and data safety. The base station is designed to handle multiple sensors irrespective of the manufacturer. Connection of a new sensor automatically triggers the creation of storage capacity and standard visualization. Where possible, meta data from the sensor is used to limit the required installation effort for the new measuring devices. Plug-and-play capability is not feasible (due to standardization problems), but a list of preconfigured sensors facilitates the connection of new devices.

WIRELESS WATER QUALITYM ONITORINSGY STEM BASED ON FIELDPO INT TECHNOLOGAYND KOHONENM APS 0. Postolache P. Silva Girb Instituto de Instituto de TelecomunicaGiies, Lisboa, Telecomunica@es,

PORTUGAL Lisboa, PORTUGAL poctav@alfa.ist.utl.pt psgirao@alfa.ist.utl.pt

Designing and implementing a distributed measurement system for water quality (WQj monitoring characterized by multi-parameter measurement capabilities, wireless data communication, and advanced processing of data sensor based on autoassociative neural networks (Kohonen Maps) is the aim of the work reported in the present paper. The WQ sensors considered are pH, temperature. conductivity and turbidity sensors that are connected to FieldPoint conditioning and acquisition blocks. The sensor data processing in WQ monitoring system expressed by the numerical linearization and disturbance factors compensation is performed by the field stations (FieldPoint based station). Tasks such as data

validation. data reconstruction. data fusion, pollution events signaling are performed by the land-based operator station represented by a personal computer (PC). The communication between field units and landbased unit is performed using two GSM data communication engines Siemens M20 that are RS232 connected to the stations. Keywords: distributed measurements, turbidity, Kohonen maps Water quality (WQ) monitoring of rivers and seas represents an important task of life quality assessment. The main parameters associated with the water quality assessment tasks can be classified in three categories: physical parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity), chemical parameters (heavy metal concentration, nitrate and phosphorous concentration) and biological parameters (algae andbacteria). The WQ physical parameters, usually measured using multiparameter measurement systems, play an important role on the chemical and biological process in the surface and ground waters. The frequently measured

Field stations Field stations based on Fieldpoint modular distributed I/O systems acquire the output signals of WQ transducers, perform a pre-processing of the measured data and transmit the processed field information using the GSM modem connected to the RS232 port of the Referring to FP2000 Fieldpoint modular input I/O system it operates as stand-alone embedded real-time controller and is characterised by a rugged modular I/O architecture with built-in signal conditioning that permits a direct connection to the WQ transducers. Thus, in the present case, the conditioning circuits are expressed by two FP-AI-V1OB mounted on FP-TB-10 terminal base together with additional current-to-voltage converters based on precision 4-2OmA RCV420 current loop receiver [7]. Current signals output by the transducers are converted into voltage, acquired and processed in order to obtain the numerical values of the parameters that are chosen for the present application @H, temperature, conductivity and turbidity). The used WQ transducers (SI-11 for pH, PtlOO ~ for temperature (T), OLS50 for conductivity (C) and WQ770 for tubidity (TU)) are designed to deliver the 42OmA according to the WQ parameters measurement intervals @H=[0-14], T=[5;30IoC, C=[O.O08;20]mS/cm and TU=[10;1500]NTU). The above-mentioned limits were established according to previous records of water parameters at the monitored area (Tagus Estuary). The 4-2OmA current transmission protocol between WQ transducers and the field station is used for long distance signal transmission and also because of the possibilily of powering the transducers using the wires that carry the loop signal. Referring to the communication between the field and land stations, GSM modems (Siemens MZO) are installed on the field and land stations. These modems permit the implementation of a command-driven communication procedure that mainly characterizes the system. This means that field stations receive commands from the land station and send back the WQ data. This procedure covers well the requirements of continuously monitoring when the land station calls for data at selectable time intervals (At={5, 10, 60} min)). Between land station calls, the acquired data performed by the FP-AI-V1OB modules is stored in the file system that is located in the flash memory of the module. Using the same file, the data associated to previous At interval is replaced with the new acquired data. Considering the time constant of the monitored process,

pH, T, C, TU are acquired using a 30s sampling period and compared with a set of recommended values for the monitored area (e.g: 6.5<pH<8.5, 12C<T<200C, 100<TU<1 SOONTU). If the above-mentioned thresholds are overcome the field station is programmed to send an SMS to the land station (e.g. pH=5 -pollution alarm!) informing about a pollution event and decrease the sampling period from 30s to 5s thus increasing the resolution of WQ monitoring. Based on the received data, the land station performs the automatic data analysis in order to avoid false alarms and to detect the anomalous functioning of field station channels.

Land station The land station hardware is based on a desktop computer (PI11 IGHz, 256MB, HDDZOGB) connected to GSM modem (Siemens M20) using the RS232 port. At the same time, the land station Internet connection is used to publish the WQ parameters in a web page using the LabVlEW publishing capabilities [8 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION SOFTWARE The wireless WQ monitoring system software includes two main components: the field station component developed in Lab VIEW real-time and the land station component developed in Lab VIEW. As mentioned before, field stations are associated to data acquisition, data logging and data communication via GSM. An additional processing block of FPSA software performs the data numerical linearization and data correction based on implemented Multilayer Perceptron neural networks (MLP-NN)[9]. Referring to the land station software component, it includes the GSM communication block based on AT modem command implementation and advanced analysis block based on a self-organizing map implementation. It performs the WQ parameter visualization, pollution event occurrence and transducer failure detection.

CHAPTER 3 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Block diagram consist of two sections namely transmitter and control section Transmitter Section - Using to sense the data from water and passes it to XBEE transmitter. Control Section It gets data from XBEE transmitter and then passes it to desired location.

Fig.3.1.1 Block Diagram

3.1 DESCRIPTION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM :

Transmitter Section - Using to sense the data from water and passes it to XBEE transmitter. Receiver Section It gets data from XBEE transmitter and then passes it to desired location. In our project we are using different types of sensors like level, pH , turbidity and temperature. Level sensor measures the exact level of water and passes it to controller, pH senses the acidic and basic content in water and passes to controller, Turbidity measures the content of dust particles in water and give the data to controller, temp sensor measures the temperature of the water and passes it to controller. ARM controller is the heart of our project, it takes the data from appropriate sensors and displays on LCD as well as it provides the same data for ZigBee transmitter to transmit this for control room. ZigBee transmitter and receiver are used for transmit the data from remote location to the control room. In control room by using a VB language we can transmit this data over any place for fixed interval of time.

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CHAPTER 4 SELECTION OF COMPONENTS

For our project we require following components

4.1 Controller: There are different types of controllers available in market, but for our project we are using ARM 7 because of its advantages over other controllers.

Comparison between ARM7 and PIC& other controller. ARM7: Fast processing speed as 32- Bit embedded system(60Mhz) In built ADC and DAC. 16 analog channels are available. 2 serial port Barrel shifter & MAC is used . More I/O connections.

PIC & Other controller features: Low processing speed (10Mhz) 8 analog channels are available 1 serial port No barrel shifter & MAC Less I/O connections

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ARM7 (LPC2138):

The LPC2138 microcontrollers are based on a 32 bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation and embedded trace support, that combines the microcontroller with 512 kB of embedded high speed Flash memory. Due to their tiny size and low power consumption, these microcontrollers are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement, such as access control and point-of-sale.

4.1.1 Features:

1) 32-bit ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller in a tiny LQFP64 package. 2) 32 kB of on-chip static RAM and 512 kB of on-chip Flash program memory. 128 bit wide interface/accelerator enables high speed 60 MHz operation. 3) In-System/In-Application Programming (ISP/IAP) via on-chip boot-loader software. Single Flash sector or full chip erase in 400ms and programming of 256 bytes in 1 ms. 4) Two (LPC2138) 8 channel 10-bit A/D converters provide a total of up to 16 analog inputs, with conversion times as low as 2.44 s per channel. 5) Single 10-bit D/A converter provides variable analog output. (LPC2132/2138 only) 6) Two 32-bit timers/counters (with four capture and four compare channels each), PWM unit (six outputs) and watchdog. 7) Real-time clock equipped with independent power and clock supply permitting extremely low power consumption in power save modes. 8) Multiple serial interfaces including two UARTs (16C550), two Fast I2C (400 Kbit/s), SPI and SSP with buffering and variable data length capabilities. 9) Vectored interrupt controller with configurable priorities and vector addresses. 10) Up to 47 of 5 V tolerant general purpose I/O pins in tiny LQFP64 package. 11) Up to nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins available.

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12) 60 MHz maximum CPU clock available from programmable on-chip Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) with settling time of 100 microseconds. 13) On-chip crystal oscillator with an operating range of 1 MHz to 30 MHz 14) Power saving modes include Idle and Power-down. 15) Individual enable/disable of peripheral functions as well as peripheral clock scaling down for additional power optimization. 16) Processor wake-up from Power-down mode via external interrupt.

4.1.2 Applications:

1) Industrial control 2) Medical systems 3) Access control 4) Point-of-sale 5) Communication gateway 6) Embedded soft modem 7) General purpose applications 4.1.3 Device Information: DeviceLPC2138 No. of pins.64 On-chip RAM....32 kB On-chip FLASH512 No. of 10-bit AD Channels16 No. of 10-bit DA Channels....1

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4.1.4 Functional Diagram:

Fig.4.1.1 Functional diagram of ARM

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4.2 ZIGBEE:

We are using SIM300 as the GSM Module.

Fig.4.2.1 ZigBee Stack Architecture

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As can be seen in the figure, IEEE 802.15.4 develops the Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer and Physical (PHY) Layer, which address such things as the frequency and data rate specifications. The Physical Layer also allows for two types of devices: full function devices (FFD's) and reduced function devices (RFD's). ZigBee, meanwhile, develops the Network Layer and Application Layer, which includes the Applications Support Sublayer, the ZigBee Device Object, and the Security Services. The Network Layer and Application Layer are more specific than the IEEE layers and involve such things as how a ZigBee network is to be set up, how the devices in the network relate to one another, and so on. Figure 2 below shows a comparison of the various 802 technologies for data rate and range. Table 1 gives a more detailed compare and contrast for a few of the technologies in Figure 2.

Figure4.2.2 The 802 Wireless Space

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4.2.1 Following table gives exact idea about the wireless module which helps us for deciding wireless module for our project Table4.2.1 Wireless Comparisons

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A concern that could arise may be related to the specific frequency band that ZigBee uses - that is, the 2.4 GHz band, which is the same band used by IEEE 802.11 and WiFi. A cursory reading of the previous sentence may seem to imply that ZigBee could not co-exist with these other technologies without interfering with one another. However, ZigBee-based products can access up to 16 different 5 MHz channels within the 2.4 GHz band, several of which do not overlap those of 802.11 and WiFi; data packets are automatically retransmitted in case interference does happen to occur; and very few data packets are transmitted anyway, further reducing the probability that data will be lost. Thus, ZigBee, with its specific application focus, is not generally affected by other similar wireless technologies, but fits nicely into a field of ever-increasing technological innovations. ZigBee is designed for wireless controls and sensors. It could be built into just about anything you have around your home or office, including lights, switches, doors and appliances. These devices can then interact without wires, and you can control them all . . . from a remote control or even your mobile phone. Although ZigBee's underlying radio-communication technology isn't revolutionary, it goes well beyond single-purpose wireless devices, such as garage door openers and "The Clapper" that turns light on and off. It allows wireless two-way communications between lights and switches, thermostats and furnaces, hotelroom air-conditioners and the front desk, and central command posts. It travels across greater distances and handles many sensors that can be linked to perform different tasks. Figure 1 below gives a great example of how ZigBee can be applied.

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4.3 RS232:

The MAX220MAX249 family of line drivers/receivers is intended for all EIA/TIA-232E and V.28/V.24 communications interfaces, particularly applications where 12V is not available. These parts are especially useful in battery-powered systems, since their low-power shutdown mode reduces power dissipation to less than 5W. The MAX225,MAX233, MAX235, and MAX245/MAX246/MAX247 use no external components and are recommended for applications where printed circuit board space is critical. This means a receiver output goes high whenever its input is driven negative left floating or shorted to ground. The high output tells the serial communications IC to stop sending data. To avoid this the control lines must either be driven or connected with jumpers to an appropriate positive voltage level. MAX232 A...Power supply +5v No of RS232 Drivers/Rx..2/2 No of External caps..4 Data rate(kbps).200 Features Higher slew rate, small caps Transition Slew Rate ....12 V/s.

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4.4 SENSORS: We are using diff. type of sensors such as pH, turbidity,level,temperature.

4.4.1 pH Sensor:

Principle of operation:- A pH meter measures essentially the electro-chemical potential between a known liquid inside the glass electrode (membrane) and an unknown liquid outside

Fig.4.4.1.1 pH Sensor

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pH provides an indication of whether a solution is acidic or basic

Fig.4.4.1.2Ckt Dig of pH sensor.

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Specification Model - pH100

Standard Range available Temperature Range Resolution Accuracy Temperature Compensation

0-14pH 0 - 50C 0.001 pH 0.2 pH 0 - 50C

Supply Voltage

11-13VDC Reverse polarity protected Surge protected to 2kV

Quiescent Current Output Dimensions length Wetted Materials

30 - 45mA 4 - 20mA, 3 wire 226 mm, 32 mm OD Passivated 316 Stainless steel, Delrin, Glass bulb

Load (min-max)

500 ohms at 14V 400 ohms at 12V

Storage Temperature

- 20 to +60C

Table 4.4.1 specification table of pH100

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4.4.2 Level Sensor:

Level sensor also called as fuel/petrol gauge is used in auto mobile industry to measure the level of fuel in vehicle. It operates on variable resistance principle. As the movement of float of the sensor takes place its resistance varies accordingly. The change in resistance is in the range of 1 Ohm to 100 Ohms. By connecting resistor of 100 Ohms in series with this level sensor we can create voltage divider circuit.

The voltage divider circuit is shown in following figure.

As the resistance varies the voltage applied to the ADC get varied. Accordingly we get the output at ADC. Then by writing appropriate software we can display level on LCD.

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4.4.3 Temperature Sensor: Pt100:

4.4.3.1 Fig-Temp sensor

Sensor Specification
Range for Nova5000: - 200 C to 400 C - 328 F to 752 F 73.15 K to 673.15 K Range for MultilogPRO Or TriLink: - 200 C to 400 C - 328 F to 752 F Accuracy: 2 % over entire range

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Resolution (12-bit): 0.15 C Default Sample Rate: 10 samples per second Response Time (for 90% change in reading): 20 seconds in liquid 40-60 seconds in air Feature: Equipped with an offset calibration screw Sensing Element: Located inside the sensors tip Recommended Sensor Usage: Use only in mild chemical solutions. Do not place the sensor's cable in liquid. Do not place the sensor in a flame or on a hot plate.

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4.4.4 Turbidity sensor:

The turbidity sensor circuit that we have used consists of a LED placed close to a LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) as shown in figure. LDR consists of cadmium sulphate . Bright light from the LED, releases electron so that Cadmium sulphate conducts better. Brighter the light lower the resistance.

If there is dust, brightness of the light falling on the LDR is disrupted hence the resistance of the LDR changes. Hence voltage at the input terminal of the comparator changes. Comparator compares the this voltage with the reference voltage and gives the corresponding output. This output is digital in nature and therefore is directly connected to the microcontroller.

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4.5 LCD (16x2):

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and so on.

Fig.4.5.1 LCD Display

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data. The command register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD.

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4.5.1 Pin Description of LCD:

Pin No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Function Ground (0V) Supply voltage; 5V (4.7V 5.3V) Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor Selects command register when low; and data register when high Low to write to the register; High to read from the register Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given

Name Ground Vcc VEE Register Select Read/write Enable DB0 DB1 DB2 DB3

8-bit data pins DB4 DB5 DB6 DB7 Backlight VCC (5V) Backlight Ground (0V)
Table.4.5.1 Pin Description of LCD

Led+ Led-

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4.6. VOLTAGE REGULATOR(IFX 1117):

4.6.1 Features:

1) Output voltage 3.3 V or adjustable 2) 1.0 A output current 3) Low drop voltage < 1.2 V @ 800 mA 4) Short circuit protected 5) Over temperature protected 6) Operating range up to 15 V 7) Industrial type

4.6.2Functional Description:

The IFX 1117 is a monolithic integrated fixed NPN type voltage regulator that can supply loads up to 1.0 A. The device is housed in the small surface mounted SOT223 package. The IC is equipped with additional protection against overload, short circuit and over temperature. The IFX 1117 GSV33 supplies a regulated output voltage of 3.3 V (2%). The IFX 1117 GSV supplies an output voltage with 2% precision adjustable via an external voltage divider. The input voltage for the IFX 1117 GSV33 ranges from 4.5 V (= VQ+VDR) to 15 V for a load current of 800 mA, for the maximum load current of 1.0 A minimum input voltage of 4.7 V is required. The drop voltage VDR ranges from 1.1 V to 1.4 V depending on the load current level.The device operates in the temperature range of Tj = 0 to 125 C.

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4.7 Power Supply

The basic step in the designing of any system is to design the power supply required for that system. The steps involved in the designing of the power supply are as follows, 1) Determine the total current that the system sinks from the supply. 2) Determine the voltage rating required for the different components.

Fig. 4.7.1 Power supply

Transformer selection we required 12V for relay. Min Input for 7805 is = Drop across IC 7805 + Required Output voltage = 3 V+ 5V =8V

So at Input of 7805 we required 8 V with margin

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Consider drop across diode 0.7V so 2 diode conducts drop is 1.4 V = 1.4 V +8 V = 9.4 V

So at secondary we required 10 V For filter capacitor design C= (Il * t1)/Vr Vr= ripple voltage Il = load current T1= time during which the capacitor being discharge by load current 1= sin-1[(E0 min)/ (E0 max)] So unregulated power supply is design for 10 V Vr = ripple voltage 10% of output voltage Vr = 1.0 V E0 min/E0 max = (10-0.7) / 10+0.7 = 9.3 / 10.7 1 = sin-1 [9.3/10.7] = 60 Frequency 50 HZ T1 = 1/50 = 20 ms T for 360 = 20ms For 180 = 10ms For 60 = 20ms * (60/360) = 3.4ms For bridge T1 = [time for 90 + time for 1] = 5ms + 3.4ms = 8.4ms I l = load current supplied to various IC

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I l = (O/P current of IC 89c51 + O/P current of IC 232 + Current req. for display) = 71mA + 30mA + 15.2 mA =116.2 mA

C = (Il * t1)/Vr = (116.2 mA * 8.4 ms)/ 1 V = 976.04 f So we select 1000 f capacitor

For diode design PIV = Vm Vm = E0 max + 2 Vf = 10.7 + 1.4 V = 12.1 V I0 = Il/2 = 116.2 mA/ 2 = 58.1 mA Peak repetitive current Ifm = [I l (t1+t2)]/t2 T2 = time for 90 - time for 1 = 5ms - 3.4ms =1.2ms Ifm = 116.2mA (8.6ms+1.2ms) /1.2ms. =833mA From above specification diode 1N4007 is selected PIV =100V I = 1A

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4.7.1 Reasons for choosing Bridge rectifier:

a) The TUF is increased to 0.812 as compared the full wave rectifier. b) The PIV across each diode is the peak voltage across the load =Vm, not 2Vm as in the two diode rectifier Output of the bridge rectifier is not pure DC and contains some AC some AC ripples in it. To remove these ripples we have used capacitive filter, which smoothens the rippled out put that we apply to 7805 regulators IC that gives 5V DC. We preferred to choose capacitor filters since it is cost effective, readily available and not too bulky. The value of the capacitor filter can be found by following formula,

IL * t1 C= Vr

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CHAPTER 5 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig.5.1.1 Complete Ckt Dig

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Description: LPC 2138 is used as a processor in our system. In which we are connecting sensors which actually sense the data. In sensors temperature sensor, turbidity sensor, level sensor, colour and pH are connected to P0.28, P0.29, P0.30 and P1.21, P1.22. 16x2 LCD display is used to display certain outputs such as temperature,level,pH,turbidity etc. LCD is interfaced with P0.16 to P0.20 and P0.22 of port0 of LPC2138. We use Max 232 for serial communication. Zigbee is provides for transmission of actual data for the control room. To provide power to the system we are using 12v battery as a power source, from which we are designing two power output which are 3.3v & 5v .

Software Selection: 1) OrCAD v9.1: We can design complex circuit. Make component which are not available. 2) Proteus Simulation of the circuit simple. We can design layout form given circuit.

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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION
6.1 CONCLUSION:

Water quality monitoring has become necessary work in environmental protection. Automating monitoring and telemetry is a trend for improving the ability of water quality monitoring system. We have built a water quality monitoring system by using automatic control and network techniques. The monitoring system performs well. It helps us capture more accurate, real time measurement data. The water quality data collected are more scientific and more representative because of the automatic monitoring system. Due to the data is real time, the environmental protection agencies are able to know wastewater discharges immediately and take measure to control pollution source according the information.

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6.2 FUTURE SCOPE:

1) Determination of natural freshwater qualities in the absence of significant direct human impact 2) Determination of long term trends in the levels of critical water quality indicators in freshwater resources
and determination of the fluxes of organic matter, suspended solids, nutrients, toxic chemicals and other pollutants from major river basins to the seawater/coastal water interfaces. .

3) Highly selective network of strategically located monitoring stations can be created and operated in the
major, medium and minor watersheds of rivers, lakes, ponds, tanks, creeks, drains, canals and subsurface aquifers in the country.

4) Further on we can create a automatic inspection as well as control system for industries, on damps.

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REFERENCES

[1 ]

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=00802667

[2]

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=00929462

[3]

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=05206370

[4]

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=05700655

[5]

www.armtutors.com

[6]

www.instructable.com

[7]

www.wikepedia.com

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IEEE Paper:

1) Wireless Monitoring and Assessment System of Water Quality Based on GPRS

Cao Jian1, Qian Suxiang1, Hu Hongsheng1, Yan Gongbiao2 1 College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, P.R. China 2 College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P.R. China

2) Designing an Automated Water Quality Monitoring System for West and Rhode Rivers
Alex Anvari, Jenny Delos Reyes, Ehsan Esmaeilzadeh, Ali Jarvandi, Nicholas Langley, Keyssi Rivera Navia, Member, IEEE

3) Towards the Automation of Water Quality Monitoring Networks

John B. Copp, Evangelina Belia, Christian Hbner, Mario Thron, Peter Vanrolleghem and Leiv Rieger

4)

School of Manufacturing and Design Engineering

Conference Papers
Dublin Institute of Technology Year 2010

Online Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring and Control System

Paul Duffy Gerry Woods James Walsh Michael Kane

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