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Table 19. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Marijuana Initiates, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2008-2009 NSDUHs
Measure ILLICIT DRUGS Past Month Illicit Drug Use1 Past Year Marijuana Use Past Month Marijuana Use Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 Past Year Cocaine Use Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month Average Annual Number of Marijuana Initiates2 ALCOHOL Past Month Alcohol Use Past Month Binge Alcohol Use3 Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week Past Month Alcohol Use (Persons Aged 12 to 20) Past Month Binge Alcohol Use (Persons Aged 12 to 20)3 TOBACCO PRODUCTS Past Month Tobacco Product Use5 Past Month Cigarette Use Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE, AND TREATMENT6 Illicit Drug Dependence1 Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse1 Alcohol Dependence Alcohol Dependence or Abuse Alcohol or Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse1 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use1,7 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use7 PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH Had at Least One Major Depressive Episode8,9 Serious Mental Illness9,10 Any Mental Illness9,11 Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 12+ 3,007 3,871 2,307 1,207 638 1,429 10,383 374 15,219 6,657 13,072 1,2214 8134 6,854 5,798 22,773 615 883 1,149 2,366 2,850 830 2,253 ----12-17 339 474 242 165 44 213 887 183 442 269 1,313 --298 221 2,186 85 157 68 167 257 149 155 257 ---18-25 944 1,388 808 343 241 441 974 172 2,585 1,687 1,568 --1,488 1,278 3,095 247 338 284 710 875 319 686 367 332 1,299 281 26+ 1,724 2,009 1,257 700 353 775 8,522 19 12,191 4,702 10,192 --5,069 4,299 17,492 283 388 797 1,490 1,718 362 1,412 1,259 825 3,980 629 18+ 2,668 3,397 2,065 1,042 594 1,216 9,496 191 14,776 6,388 11,759 --6,556 5,577 20,587 530 726 1,081 2,199 2,593 681 2,098 1,626 1,157 5,279 909

-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.
1

Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. These estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. 2 Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X1 2, where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in past 24 months. 3 Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. 4 Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons aged 12 or older. 5 Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. 6 Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). 7 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs (or alcohol), but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug (or alcohol) problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). 8 Major depressive episode is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent major depressive episode modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from persons aged 18 or older to get an overall estimate (12 or older). 9 For more details, see Section A.11 in Appendix A of the report on State Estimates of Substance Use and Mental Disorders from the 2008-2009 NSDUHs. 10 Serious mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and resulted in serious functional impairment. 11 Any mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.

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Table 20. Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Average Annual Rates of First Use of Marijuana, Past Year Substance Dependence or Abuse, Needing But Not Receiving Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2008-2009 NSDUHs
Measure ILLICIT DRUGS Past Month Illicit Drug Use1 Past Year Marijuana Use Past Month Marijuana Use Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 Past Year Cocaine Use Past Year Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use Perception of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month Average Annual Rate of First Use of Marijuana2 ALCOHOL Past Month Alcohol Use Past Month Binge Alcohol Use3 Perception of Great Risk of Drinking Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week Past Month Alcohol Use (Persons Aged 12 to 20) Past Month Binge Alcohol Use (Persons Aged 12 to 20)3 TOBACCO PRODUCTS Past Month Tobacco Product Use5 Past Month Cigarette Use Perception of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day PAST YEAR DEPENDENCE, ABUSE, AND TREATMENT6 Illicit Drug Dependence1 Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse1 Alcohol Dependence Alcohol Dependence or Abuse Alcohol or Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse1 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use1,7 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use7 PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH Had at Least One Major Depressive Episode8,9 Serious Mental Illness9,10 Any Mental Illness9,11 Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 12+ 10.00 12.88 7.68 4.02 2.12 4.76 34.56 2.05 50.65 22.15 43.50 25.144 16.744 22.81 19.29 75.79 2.05 2.94 3.82 7.87 9.48 2.76 7.50 ----12-17 10.77 15.07 7.68 5.24 1.39 6.76 28.19 6.66 14.05 8.54 41.71 --9.46 7.02 69.44 2.70 4.99 2.17 5.30 8.17 4.75 4.93 8.16 ---18-25 21.79 32.07 18.67 7.91 5.57 10.19 22.49 7.37 59.71 38.95 36.20 --34.35 29.52 71.47 5.70 7.80 6.56 16.39 20.20 7.36 15.85 8.47 7.67 29.99 6.48 26+ 7.64 8.90 5.57 3.10 1.57 3.44 37.76 0.14 54.02 20.83 45.16 --22.46 19.05 77.51 1.25 1.72 3.53 6.60 7.61 1.61 6.26 5.58 3.66 17.64 2.79 18+ 9.91 12.63 7.67 3.87 2.21 4.52 35.30 1.23 54.93 23.75 43.72 --24.37 20.73 76.53 1.97 2.70 4.02 8.17 9.64 2.53 7.80 6.04 4.30 19.63 3.38

-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach.
1

Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. These estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. 2 Average annual marijuana initiation rate = 100 * {[X1 (0.5 * X1 + X2)] 2}, where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X2 is the number of persons who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, X1 and X2, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. 3 Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. 4 Underage drinking is defined for persons aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "Total" estimate reflects that age group and not persons aged 12 or older. 5 Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. 6 Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). 7 Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs (or alcohol), but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug (or alcohol) problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). 8 Major depressive episode is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent major depressive episode modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from persons aged 18 or older to get an overall estimate (12 or older). 9 For more details, see Section A.11 in Appendix A of the report on State Estimates of Substance Use and Mental Disorders from the 2008-2009 NSDUHs. 10 Serious mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and resulted in serious functional impairment. 11 Any mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality (formerly the Office of Applied Studies), National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2008 and 2009.