OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Ir. Dr. Saiful Amri bin Mazlan

P.Eng, Ph.D, Int. PE(My), ACPE, APEC Eng, ASEAN Eng, MIE(My), MIE(Ire)

Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT)

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Talk Outline Introduc+ontoIndustrialHygiene Deni+onofindustrialhygiene Taskofindustrialhygienist Themainhazardsandprotec+onforhazard Managingsafetyandhealth Safetyprogramorganiza+on Planningforemergencies Personalprotec+onequipment
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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Introduction to Industrial Hygiene Deni'onofIndustrialHygiene

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene WhatisIndustrialHygiene?

Scienceandartdevotedtothean+cipa+on,recogni+on, evalua+on,andcontrolofthoseworkplaceenvironmentalfactors whichmaycausesickness,impairedhealthandwellbeing,or signicantdiscomfortandineciencyamongworkersoramong ci+zensofthecommunity

AmericanIndustrialHygieneAssocia+on(AIHA)
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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene WhatisIndustrialHygiene?(contd)

Thedisciplineofan+cipa+ng,recognizing,evalua+ngand controllinghealthhazardsintheworkingenvironmentwiththe objec+veofprotec+ngworkerhealthandwellbeingand safeguardingthecommunityatlarge.

Theinterna+onalOccupa+onalHygieneAssocia+on(IOHA) MalaysianIndustrialHygieneAssocia+on(MIHA)
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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene WhatisIndustrialHygiene?(contd)

Partscience,partart IndustrialHygieneistheapplica+onofscien+cprinciplesin theworkplacetopreventthedevelopmentofoccupa+onal diseaseorinjury Requiresknowledgeofchemistry,physics,anatomy, physiology,mathema+cs

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene Otherterms

Occupa+onalHygiene EnvironmentalHygiene EnvironmentalHealth

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene WhatisanIndustrialHygienist?

AnIndustrialHygienistisapersonhavingacollegedegreein engineering,chemistry,physics,medicineorrelatedphysicaland biologicalsciences,whohasalsoreceivedspecializedtrainingin recogni+on,evalua+onandcontrolofworkplacestressorsand thereforeachievedcompetenceinindustrialhygiene.

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene WhatisanIndustrialHygienist?(contd)

Industrialhygienistsarescien+stsandengineerscommiYedto protec+ngthehealthandsafetyofpeopleintheworkplaceand thecommunity.

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Definition of Industrial Hygiene Educa+onofanindustrialhygienist

Usuallyrequiresadvancededuca+oninengineeringandthe biologicalsciences Acombina+onofeduca+onandexperienceisnecessaryin ordertotaketheexamforcer+ca+oninindustrialhygiene

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Introduction to Industrial Hygiene TaskofIndustrialhygienist

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Responsibili+es

Recogni+on,iden+ca+on,evalua+onandcontrolofhealth hazardsintheworkplace, forthepurposeofadministeringandenforcing TheWorkplaceSafetyandHealthActandrelated legisla+onandpolicies.

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Industrialhygienistmustbeableto:

An+cipateandrecognizetheenvironmentalfactorsand understandtheireectsonpeopleandtheirwellbeing Evaluate,onthebasisofexperienceandwiththeaidof quan+ta+vemeasurementtechniques,themagnitudeofthese stressesintermsofthestressor sabilitytoimpairhuman healthandwellbeing Prescribemethodstoeliminate,control,orreducesuch stresseswhennecessarytodiminishtheireects.

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Knowledgebasisforindustrialhygiene

Disciplinesinvolved

Applica+onsinindustrialhygiene

Physics, math, anatomy, physiology Chemistry, anatomy, physiology, toxicology Physics, chemistry, statistics

Hazard evaluations of noise, illumination, lasers, radiation, and ergonomics Toxic chemical exposure evaluations of carcinogen hazard assessment and reproductive hazard assessments Measuring exposures to chemical and physical agents, interpreting lab analytical reports. Use of direct reading instruments. Statistics, epidemiology, physics, Interpreting study and lab results, critical review of chemistry, anatomy, physiology, research, performing research toxicology, language skills Language skills Interactions with workers, management, and clients; writing reports and papers; design of programs

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Typicaldu+es

Selectsanddevisesmethodsandequipmentforsamplingandanalysesto determineworkplacehealthhazards. Carriesoutsurveys/inves+ga+onsofworkplacestodeterminehazardous healthcondi+ons. Interpretsdata,evaluatesresultsandissuesorderswhennecessary,to controloreliminatehazards,andfollowsuptoensurecompliance. Mayberequiredtoestablishstandardsbasedonliteraturesearchesand/or datacollected. Keepsabreastoftechnologicaldevelopments.

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Typicaldu+es(contd)

Respondstocomplaints,concernsandemergencies,andtakesany necessaryac+on. Preparescomprehensivetechnicalreports. Disseminatesinforma+on/advicetootheragenciesandthepublic. RepresentstheDivisiononvariousinterdepartmental,intergovernmental andothercommiYeesandatconferences. Promoteslabour/managementcoopera+onandpar+cipa+ononindustrial hygieneissues. Par+cipatesinthedevelopmentoflegisla+onandregula+ons.

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

Task of Industrial Hygienist Typicaldu+es(contd)

Carriesoutspecialstudiessuchastheincidenceofworkerexposuretotoxic andcarcinogenicmaterials. Par+cipatesinthedevelopmentofplans,policies,standardsand procedures. Par+cipatesinthedevelopmentanddeliveryofeduca+onalprograms. Mayberequiredtogivetes+monyinacourtoflaw. Mayassistinthetrainingofsta. Performsotherrelateddu+esasassigned.

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Introduction to Industrial Hygiene TheMainHazardsandProtec'onforHazard

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhazards

Hazardsisasitua+onthatpossesalevelofthreattolife,health, propertyorenvironment Anyrealorpoten+alcondi+onsproducedbyindustriesthatcan causeinjuryordeathtopersonnelorlossofproductor property

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Typesofindustrialhazards

Fireandexplosionhazards Chemicalhazards Electricalhazards Mechanicalhazards Miscellaneous

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Someoccupa+onalhazards Chemicalagents Gases,vaporsandpar+culateaerosols Physical(energy)agents Noise,ionizing/nonionizingradia+on,
heatandcoldstress

Biologicalagents Infec+ousagents,allergens Psychologicalstressors Ergonomic/safety

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram:MinimumElements

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Recogni+onofhealthhazards Evalua+onofhealthhazards Controlofhealthhazards Recordkeeping Employeetraining Periodicprogramreview

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 1.Recogni+onofhealthhazards Walkthroughsurveywithsomeoneknowledgeableofthe processes Regularintervals,keeprecords Planningstagereviews Modica+onreviews MaterialSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)reviews

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 1.Recogni+onofhealthhazards(contd) An+cipa+on/recogni+onofpoten+aloractualhazardsthrough knowledgeof:
Materials Opera+ons Processes Condi+ons

ScopeofIHac+vi+esencompassesthecradletograve concept(researchthroughwastedisposal)
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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 2.Evalua+onofhealthhazards

Measurements Measurementofexposureintensity Airsampling,noisemeters,lightmeters,thermalstress meters,accelerometers(vibra+on) Calcula+onofdose Determina+onofexposurefrequencyanddura+on Levelanddura+onofexposure

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 2.Evalua+onofhealthhazards(contd)

Keeprecords Comparisonwithregulatory,professionalandinternal standards Judgement:weighallfactors

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 3.Controlofhealthhazards

Employmethodstoeliminateorreduceexposureresul+ngin elimina+onorreduc+onoftheoccurrenceofoccupa+onaldisease through: Engineering(includingprocess)interven+ons Subs+tutealesshazardousmaterial,localexhaust ven+la+on

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 3.Controlofhealthhazards(contd)

Administra+ve/programma+cmeasures Workerrota+on,training PersonalProtec+veEquipment Respirators,gloves,eyeprotec+on,earprotec+on,etc.

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 4.Recordkeeping

Importantinallphasesoftheprogram Olenrequiredbyregula+on 29CFR1904(Recordingandrepor+ngoccupa+onalinjuriesandillness)

*(CFR=CodeofFederalRegula+ons)

Increaseprogrameec+veness Usefulinlegalchallenges

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 5.Employeetraining

Eec+vecomponentiftotalprogramisimplementedand engineeringcontrolsarerstestablished Olenrequiredbyregula+on RighttoKnoworHazardCommunica+onStandard:29CFR 1910.1200 Regularintervals Keepitinteres+ngandeec+ve,useavarietyoftechniques Keeprecordsofdates,individuals,topics,eec+veness

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INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The main hazards and protection for hazard Industrialhygieneprogram: 6.Periodicprogramreview

Regularintervals(yearly,semiannual) ReviewthewriYenprogramaswellastheimplementa+on Updatesfornewregula+ons,newchemicals,newprocesses,or anychanges Auditcomponentsoftheprogram Internal OSHA inspec+on Involveemployees,consultants,management

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Managing Safety and Health SafetyProgramOrganiza'on

MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Deni+on

Safetyandhealthmanagementsystem: Themeansbywhichanorganisa1oncontrolsriskthroughthe managementprocess .

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Deni+on(contd)

Partoftheoverallmanagementsystemthatfacili1esthe managementoftheOH&Srisksassociatedwiththebusinessofthe organisa1on. Thisincludestheorganisa1onalstructure,planningac1vi1es, responsibili1es,prac1ces,procedures,processesandresourcesfor developingandachieving,reviewingandmaintainingthe organisa1on sOH&Spolicy .

Bri+shStandardsIns+tute
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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Objec+ves thegoalsintermsofsafetyandhealthperformance thatanorganisa1onsetsitself toachieveandshouldbequan1edwhereverprac1cable.

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Systemsapproach Fourelementscommontogeneralsystemstheoriesareinput, process,outputandfeedback. Systemsarealsoclassedasbeingeitheropenorclosed. Opensystemsinteractswiththeexternalenvironmentand issubjecttoexternalinuences. Closedsystemsdonotinteractwiththeenvironmentandsotheir abilitytoadaptorrespondtochanginginternalcondi+ons islimited.

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Systemsapproach(contd)

INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

FEEDBACK

Organisation External Environment

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem

Policy
Policy development Organisational development

Organising

Audit

Planning & Implementing

Developing techniques of planning, measuring and reviewing

Measuring Performance

Reviewing Performance

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem(contd)

Policy

Organising

Audit

Planning & Implementing

Measuring Performance

Policy Eec+vehealthandsafety policiessetacleardirec+on fortheorganisa+onto follow.

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Reviewing Performance

MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem(contd)

Policy

Organising
Organising Planning & Implementing

Audit

Measuring Performance

An effective management structure and arrangements are in place for delivering the policy.
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Reviewing Performance

MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem(contd) Policy Planning Thereisaplannedand Organising systema+capproachto implemen+ngthehealthand Planning & Audit Implementing safetypolicythroughan eec+vehealthandsafety Measuring Performance managementsystem.
Reviewing Performance

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem(contd)

Policy Organising

Audit

Planning & Implementing

Measuring Performance

MeasuringPerformance Performanceismeasured againstagreedstandardsto revealwhenandwhere improvementisneeded.

Reviewing Performance

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety Program Organization Keyelementsofsafetyandhealthmanagementsystem(contd)

Policy Organising

Audit

Planning & Implementing

Measuring Performance

Audi'ngandReviewingof Performance Theorganisa+onlearnsfrom allrelevantexperienceand appliesthelessons.

Reviewing Performance

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Managing Safety and Health PlanningforEmergencies

MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Purpose

Minimizetherisksofemergenciesoccurring Iden+fypoten+alemergencysitua+ons Develop,implementandtestplanstorespondpromptlyand eec+velytoemergencies Minimizetheimpactofemergenciesontheenvironment Con+nuallyimproveplanningforemergenciesandresponse procedures

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies ISO14001Emergencypreparednessandresponse

Theorganiza+onshallestablishandmaintainproceduresto iden+fypoten+alforandrespondtoaccidentsandemergency situa+ons,andforpreven+ngandmi+ga+ngtheenvironmental impactsthatmaybeassociatedwiththem

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Preven+on

ISO14001sec+on4.4.7speaksrstofPREPAREDNESS,i.e., preven+onofemergencies Requiresthedevelopmentofaproceduretoiden+fyall possibleincidents,accidents,andemergencysitua+onsduring normalandabnormalopera+ngcondi+ons

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Iden+fyemergencies Reviewincidentreportsforpastveyears Checksta+s+csonincidentsandemergenciesatothersimilar opera+ons Reviewenvironmentalaspectslistforpoten+alemergencies underabnormalopera+ngcondi+ons Gatheragroupofpersonnelrepresen+ngeachfunc+oninthe organiza+ontobrainstormpossibleincidentsandemergencies

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Poten+alemergencies Fire,explosion Gasleak,spill Naturaldisasterslightning,earthquake,ood,extreme weather Tank,dam,equipmentstructuralfailure Electricpowerorgascut Crash,collision Sabotage,vandalism,terroristaYack,riot,bombthreat, hostageincident

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Poten+alHotSpots Hazardouschemicalstorage Hazardouswastestorage Bulkoilandfueltanks Processstartupandshutdown Highpressurevessels Railandroadtankers,ships Unloading,shippingpoints Wastetreatmentfacili+es Stormwaterdrains
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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies MaptheHotSpots Loca+ons,types,amountsofchemicals,gases,fuel,oilonsite Loca+on,volume,age,secondarycontainment,inspec+on historyofstoragetanks Unloading,loading,transferpointsforchemicals,fuel,oil Stormwaterrunopaths

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Neighbourhoodreceptors Iden+fysensi+velocal,regionalareas: Residen+al,industrial,agricultural,shing,recrea+onarea Drinkingwatersources Environmentallysensi+veareas,naturereserves, endangeredspecies Cultural,heritagesites Recordprevailingwinddirec+oninprepara+onforagasleak
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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Equipmentandsupplies Iden+fytypes,quan++es,andstorageloca+onsofemergency equipmentandsupplies: Firegh+ngequipmenthoses,ex+nguishers,blankets,foam

Escaperespirators,gasmasks,selfcontainedbreathing apparatus Protec+vegloves,goggles,suits Spillabsorbents,containmentbooms,neutralising chemical Mobileemergencyequipment

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Scopeofemergency Denelevelsofemergency: Level1: Canbedealtwithbylocaldepartmentpersonnel Level2: Needtoac+vatefacilityemergencyresponseteam;may needtoevacuatesite Level3: Fullscaleemergencyrequiringoutsideassistance;possible neighbourhoodevacua+on

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Preven+vemaintenance

AKeyFactorinEmergencyPreparedness Regularinspec+onandmaintenanceof: Storagetanks Secondarycontainmentfacili+es Pumps,valves,joints,pipelines Alarmsforgasesandliquids Processequipment Stormdrains

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Preven+vemaintenance(contd)

Regularinspec+onandmaintenanceof: Pollu+oncontrolequipment helpspreventfailures,leaks,accidents,emergencies

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Overviewofemergencyresponseplan

Inaddi+ontocharacterisingpoten+alemergenciesand minimisingrisks,theremustbeanEmergencyResponsePlan covering: Procedures(i.e.,roles,responsibili+es,repor+ng rela+onships,resources,ac+vi+es,records)forresponding tothevarioustypesofemergenciesiden+ed

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Emergencyresponseplanrequirements

Firstalertprocedure Internalemergencycommunica+onstructurechainof command EmergencyResponseTeammembersresponsibili+es Internal,externalemergencyphonenumbers Evacua+onroutes,assemblypoints Responsestovarioustypesofemergency

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Emergencyresponseplanrequirements(contd)

Internal,externalrepor+ngrequirements Externalcommunica+onsneighbours,media Restora+on,remedia+on,disposalofcleanupmaterials PostincidentdebriengofEmergencyResponseTeam Incidentinves+ga+on,correc+ve,preven+veac+ons Emergencyresponsetraining

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Specicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan

Firstalertprocedureallpersonnel Whattodo,whotocontactwhenanemergencyis discovered Emergencyphonenumber(s),repor+ngrequirements Ini+alresponseac+ons Postinstruc+onsaroundthesite

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Morespecicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan

Denethechainofcommand Describestructure,responsibili+es,repor+ngrela+onships, phonenumbersforEmergencyResponseTeammembers, facilitymanagersandsupervisors Responseplansforvariousemergencies: Fire,explosion,gasleak,spill Commandpost,emergencyteamdeployment,equipment needs,sitesecurity,mi+ga+onmeasures

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Morespecicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan(contd)

Evacua+onoffacilitypersonnel Iden+fyprimaryandsecondaryevacua+onroutesand safeassemblypointsonsitemap Postmapsatvariousloca+onsonthesite Evacua+onofneighbourhood No+ca+onoflocalresidents,otherneighbours, externalemergencyagencies:police,re,ambulance, doctors,hospital Iden+fyescaperoutes,responsibili+es

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Morespecicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan(contd)

Repor+ngrequirementsandresponsibili+es Internal:withinthefacilityandorganiza+on External:togovernment,neighbours,media Sitecleanup,remedia+onplan Includessafedisposalofcontaminatedabsorbentsand othermaterials Emergencyresponseteamdebrieng Procedureforassessingeec+venessofemergency responseac+ons Recommenda+onsforimprovement
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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies ISO14001EmergencyPreparednessandResponsealsosays:

Theorganiza+onshallreviewandrevise,wherenecessary,its emergencypreparednessandresponseprocedures,in par+cular,alertheoccurrenceofaccidentoremergency situa+ons Theorganiza+onshallalsoperiodicallytestsuchprocedures whereprac+cal

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Addi+onalspecicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan

Incidentinves+ga+on Roles,responsibili+es,andprocess Rootcauseanalysis Correc+veandpreven+veac+ons Recordsoftheincidentandemergencyresponse Revisionofprocedurestopreventrecurrence

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies Finalspecicrequirementsforemergencyresponseplan

Drillstotestemergencyresponseprocedures Scheduledrillsregularlytosimulatevarioustypesof emergencies Aleradrill,emergencyresponseteamreviews eec+venessofprocedures Reviseresponseprocedureswhennecessary Holdperiodicevacua+ondrillsforen+resite Periodicreview/revisionof,anddistribu+onlistfor,Emergency ResponsePlan

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies

Importantpointstorememberare:

Preven+on(i.e.,riskmanagement)isakeycomponentof emergencypreparedness Anorganiza+onmusthaveaprocedureforiden+fyingpoten+al accidentsandemergencies Needtoknowallpoten+alsources,typesandenvironmental impactsofemergencies

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Planning for Emergencies

Importantpointstorememberare:(contd)

Anemergencyresponseplanshouldcoverroles, responsibili+es,resources,ac+ons,impactmi+ga+on, communica+ons,training,incidentinves+ga+on,andreview procedures Keeptheemergencypreparednessandresponseplanupto date Holdregulardrillstotesttheplan

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Managing Safety and Health PersonalProtec'veEquipment

MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Deni+on

Devicesusedtoprotectanemployeesfrominjuryorillness resul+ngfromcontactwithchemical,radiological,physical, electrical,mechanical,orotherworkplacehazards(OSHA)

TheneedforPPEandthetypeofPPEusedisbasedonhazard present;eachsitua+onmustbeevaluatedindependently

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment SomeCaveats

PPEisusedasalastresort TheuseofPPEsigniesthatthehazardcouldnotbecontrolled byothermethods,suchas: administra+vecontrols(i.e.,shilrota+on) engineeringorindustrialhygienecontrols

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Engineeringandindustrialhygienecontrols

Design(removehazardfromprocess) Subs+tu+on(oflesshazardousmaterials) Processmodica+on(howandwhere) Isolatetheprocessortheworker Wetmethodsfordustreduc+on Localexhaustven+la+on(atsource) Dilu+onven+la+on(area) Goodhousekeeping

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Backtothecaveats

TheuseofPPEsignalsthatthehazards+llexistsinthe workplace Unprotectedindividualsinthesameareawillbeexposed FailureofPPEmeansthattheworkerwillbeexposed PPEcanbecombinedwithothercontrols

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment

Headprotec+on EyeandFaceprotec+on Hearingprotec+on Respiratoryprotec+on ArmandHandprotec+on FootandLegprotec+on Protec+veclothing

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Headprotec+on

HardHatsworkbydissipa+ngforce

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeprotec+on

CommonUses: ImpactProtec+on ChemicalHazards Radia+onProtec+on welder sgoggles lasergoggles UV Infrared

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeprotec+onSelec+on

Visitorspecsareonlyappropriatefornonemployeeswithno trueexposuretohazards Safetyglassesareusedtoprotecttheeyesfromyingobjects (nofaceprotec+on) Chemicalsplashgogglesprotectagainstuidsbysealing+ghtly againsttheface Faceshieldsprovidehighestlevelofprotec+on

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment FaceshieldThehighestleveloffaceprotec+on

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Hearingprotec+on

Noiseinducedhearinglosscan occurwithexposures>90dBA Ahearingconserva+onprogram becomesarequirementat exposures>85dBA Higherlevelsofnoiseexposure haveshorterallowableexposure +mes

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Noiselevelsvsdura+on

SoundLevel(dBA) 90 92 95 100 105 110 115

Exposure(hours)
8 6 4 2 1 0.5 0.25

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Hearingprotec+on

RuleofThumbifyoucannotcarryonaconversa+onina normaltoneofvoicewithsomeoneatarm slength,youare likelynear90dBA Allhearingprotec+ondevicesshouldhaveaNoiseReduc+on Ra+ng(NRR)=#ofdecibelstheywillreducenoiselevels Beconserva+vewhenusingNRRs

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Hearingprotec+onTypes

EarPlugslessexpensive,disposable,goodoneshavefairly highNRRssome+mesdiculttotellifemployeesarewearing them EarMusmoreexpensive,moredurable,typicallyhigher NRRsthanplugs,moreobvious Canbeusedtogetherinveryhighnoiseareas

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment ArmandHandprotec+on

Glovestypicaluses Chemicalprotec+on Biohazardprotec+on Abrasionprotec+on Fric+onprotec+on Protec+onfromextremesof heatandcold

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Glovesmorecaveats

Nogloveisgoodagainstallhazards;consultlaboratorysafety linkonEHSwebpageforgloveselec+onchart Gloveshaveanitelifespanandmustbeperiodicallyreplaced Whendonninggloves,examinethemforsignsoftears,cracks, holesanddryrot Handsshouldalwaysbewashedalerremovinggloves

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment FootandLegprotec+on Protec+vefootwear Steeltoedfootwear,preferablywithmetatarsal guards,isusedtoprotectfeetfromcrushing injuriescausedbyheavyobjects.

Rubberbootsareolenusedtoprotectfeet fromexposuretoliquids Chapsorleggingsareusedincertain applica+ons(i.e.,usingachainsaw)

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Otherprotec+veclothing

Usedtoprotectstreetclothes fromhazardsintheworkplace Olenhazardspecic Tobeconsideredeec+ve, protec+veclothingmust preventthecontaminantfrom reachingtheclothingorskin ofthewearer!

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Respiratoryprotec+on

Protectsusersbyremoving harmfulmaterialsthatmay enterthebodyviathelungs Inhala+onisoneofthe quickest,mostecientways tointroducelethallevelsof hazardousmaterialsintothe body

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Respiratorstypes

AirPurifyingRespirators(APR) Halfface FullFace PoweredAirPurifyingRespirators(PAPR) SelfContainedBreathingApparatus(SCBA)

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment RespiratorsAbigcaveat!

Employeesshouldnotweararespiratorunlesstheyhavebeen medicallyclearedtodoso! Thisclearancemaytaketheformofaques+onnaire,physical examina+on,pulmonaryfunc+ontes+ng,chestXRay,ora combina+onoftheabove

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Why?

Respiratorsputaddi+onalresistanceagainsttherespiratory systemofthewearer Personswithundiagnosedrespiratorysystemorcardiovascular problemscouldtriggeraseriousmedicalproblem(respiratory distress,asthma,heartaYack,etc.)byusingarespirator

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Importantpointstorememberare:

PPEishazardspecic;thehazardsofeachworkplaceandtask mustbeevaluated PPEisusedasalastresortwhenthehazardcannotbe controlledbyothermethods Supervisorsareresponsibletoensureitisavailableandworn; EmployeesmustwearandmaintaintheirPPE

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MANAGING SAFETY AND HEALTH

Personal Protective Equipment Importantpointstorememberare:(contd)

PPEisonlyconsideredeec+veifitpreventsthecontaminant fromreachingthewearer Respiratorsshouldnotbewornbyemployeesunlesstheyhave beenmedicallyclearedtodoso

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

Summary In this talk, we have learned the following: Introduc+ontoindustrialhygiene Deni+onofindustrialhygiene Taskofindustrialhygienist Themainhazardsandprotec+onforhazard Managing safety and health Safety program organization Planning for emergencies Personal protective equipment
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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

amri@ic.utm.my

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