FKA.B.PP.03 Ed.

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR SEMESTER I SESI 2006/07
KOD KURSUS : SAB 1713/ SAM 2713/ SAA 3713

KURSUS

SOIL MECHANICS

PROGRAM

SAP /SAS/SAW

MASA

2 HOURS AND 30 MINUTES

TARIKH

NOVEMBER

ARAHAN KEPADA CALON

ANSWER 4 QUESTIONS ONLY

Amaran!
Pelajar-pelajar yang didapati meniru semasa peperiksaan, boleh dikenakan tindakan tatatertib dan Fakulti boleh mencadangkan supaya di buang pengajian.

KERTAS SOALAN INI TERDIRI DARIPADA ( 10 ) MUKA SURAT BERCETAK SAHAJA

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -1SECTION A: This section contain of three questions (Q1- Q3). You are required to answer minimum two questions

Q1.

(a)

Draw and state the equation for the three separate phases of a soil element with volume of soil solids, V equal to 1

(8 Marks)

(b)

The mass of a moist soil sample is 0.7 kg has been extrude from a tube of sample with the measurement of the tube diameter is 50 mm and 200 mm of height. Half of the sample has been cut of to determine the moisture content with the mass of wet is 0.35 kg and the mass of dry is 0.27 kg. Unfortunately remaining of the sample was mishandled by the technician. Due to that, the sample loss some moisture content and the weight reduced to 0.30 kg on the next day. If Gs = 2.66, determine:

a)

Moisture Content, w (%), Unit weight, ; Dry Unit Weight,

d;

Porosity, n; Void Ratio, e; and Degree of Saturation, S (%) once it been taken out from the tube. b) Moisture Content, w (%) due to the mishandled by the technician on the next day.

(17 Marks)

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -2Q2. (a) Explain the differences between soil classification system of AASTHO and USCS? (5 Marks)

(b)

A sieve test had been conducted on a soil sample. The result as shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Sieve Test Data

Sieve No 4 10 20 40 60 100 200 Sieve Size (mm) 4.75 2.0 0.85 0.425 0.250 0.150 0.063 Percent Retained (%) 6 37 79 90 93 95 97

Then the soil sample had been tested for Atterberg Limit Test. Table 2 (a) and (b) show the results for Liquid Limit Test using cone penetrometer, Table 3 show the results for Plastic Limit Test. Table 2 (a): Liquid Limit Test
Test Number Initial reading of penetration (mm) Final reading of penetration (mm) 1 3.2 17.0 2 2.7 17.8 3 1.7 19 4 3.2 22.4 5 1.4 23.9

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -3Table 2 (b): Liquid Limit Test

Container no. Weight of container (g) Weight of container + wet soil (g) Weight of container + dry soil (g) A1 60.561 67.191 A2 59.587 67.718 A3 60.854 70.360 A4 68.131 80.764 A5 66.576 77.772

65.531

65.149

67.142

76.392

73.496

Table 3: Plastic Limit Test

Test No. Weight of Moisture (g) Weight of Dry soil (g) 1 0.289 2 0.422

0.88

1.156

i.

Plot the grain-size distribution curve on the graph log that had been provided

ii.

Calculate the uniformity coefficient, Cu and the coefficient of gradation, Cc for the soil sample Classify the soils sample by the USCS classification system

iii.

(20 Marks)

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -4-

Q3.

A set of laboratory compaction test data and results is tabulated as follows. The test was conducted in accordance with the Standard Proctor Test. The value of specific gravity is Gs, 2.70 and the mould that used has a measurement diameter of 101.6 mm and height of 116.5 mm Table 4: Compaction test data
Sample No. Mass of wet soil in mould (kg) Moisture content (%) 15.77 17.73 20.75 23.91 A(1) 1.792 A(2) 1.965 A(3) 1.938 A(4) 1.882

(a)

Plot compaction graph and determine maximum dry density and optimum moisture content for soil tested. Show all your calculation.

(15 Marks)

(b)

Plot air void curve for, Na = 0%, 5%. Show all your calculation

(6 Marks)

(c)

As an engineer, what is your action if the dry density value at the site is 1500 kg/m3

(4 Marks)

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -5SECTION B: This section contain of three questions (Q4- Q5). You are required to answer minimum one question.

Q4.

(a) You are appointed as a consultant engineer to design an gas pipeline below lake with an area of 13783m2 . The depth of water in the lake is 10 meter. While the thickness of sand, silty sand and clayey sand layers are 2 meter, 3 meter and 4 meter. For the purpose of pipeline design, you need to have total and effective stress distribution analysis for each soil layer. Please show all your calculations (Refer figure Q4) (10 marks) (b) During the dry season, the lake was dry out, and causes the ground water table to decrease until point B and change the condition of sand to dry sand. Calculate the stress distribution for each soil layer. Assume there is no capillary effect occurs. (6 marks)

( c) During the construction of gas pipelines, the water level of lake begins to decrease, due to disturbance on soil structure and dry season. Your client asked you to estimate the water losses for next three months. Therefore, you need horizontal and vertical coefficient of permeability for the lake soil area, before you can proceed to estimate the water losses. Determine the average coefficient of permeability in horizontal and vertical. Besides that you are required to estimate vertical flow in soil for 1 m2 area? (6 marks)

(d) The client asked you to show a sketch of graphical flow of water, in soil for figure Q4. Therefore you are required to provide the sketch immediately. (3 marks)

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -6Q5. (a) An earth dam is proposed for a site consisting of homogeneous stiff clay, as shown in Figure Q5. You, the geotechnical engineer, are required to specify laboratory soil strength tests to determine the stability of the dam. One critical situation is the possible failure of the dam by rotational slip plane in the stiff clay. Laboratory shear strength tests should be specify and explain briefly to the client. The explanation should be emphasize at point A, B and C. (5 marks)

(b) One of the shear strength laboratory tests result on the earth dam, shown in Table Q5. Cross section area of the shear box is 3 600 mm2. As a geotechnical engineer you need to determine the shear strength parameters for the purpose of design and analyses. Show an example of the calculation and all units must be in kN, m2 and kN/m2. You must tabulate for the answer.

(20 Marks)

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -7FKA.B.PP.05.Ed.1

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

SEMESTER : I SESI : 2006/2007 PROGRAM : SAP/SAW/SAP SAB 1713/SAM 2713/ SAA 3713

KURSUS : SOIL MECHANICS

KOD KURSUS :

FIGURE Q2

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -8FKA.B.PP.05.Ed.1

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

SEMESTER : I SESI : 2006/2007 PROGRAM : SAP/SAW/SAP SAB 1713/SAM 2713/ SAA 3713

KURSUS : SOIL MECHANICS

KOD KURSUS :

WATER 3 w= 9.9 kN/m

A

Concrete Dam

SAND e = 0.70 Gs = 2.68 k = 1.8 x10-6cm/s

B CUT OFF WALL

SILTY SAND w = 23.39% e = 0.62 Gs = 2.65 k = 3.2 x 10-7cm/s

SANDY CLAY 3 sat = 20 kN/m -7 k = 1.1 x 10 cm/s

D IMPERVIOUS LAYER Propose gas pipe line

Open Stand Pipe position Sand layer Silty sand layer Sandy clay layer

Height of open stand pipe, h (m) 1.5 1.3 1.0

Note: Figure is not according to scale

FIGURE Q4

SAB 1713/SAM2713/ SAA 3713 -9FKA.B.PP.05.Ed.1

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

SEMESTER : I SESI : 2006/2007 PROGRAM : SAP/SAW/SAP SAB 1713/SAM 2713/ SAA 3713

KURSUS : SOIL MECHANICS

KOD KURSUS :

FAILED SOIL MASS A

B EARTH DAM C SLIP SURFACE CLAY RC PILE

Figure Q5: Cross section of earth dam

Table Q5: Undrained Shear box test results

Normal Load (kN) Strain (%) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

0.2 0.4 0.6 Shear Force (N) 71.4 138.6 235.2 134.4 226.8 243.6 189.0 293.2 393.1 231.0 335.2 439.3 262.9 378.0 475.4 280.6 386.4 501.5 280.6 399.8 518.3 280.6 399.8 526.7 399.8 526.7 526.7

SAB 1713/ SAM 2713/ SAA 3713 - 10 -

FKA.B.PP.06.Ed.1

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

SEMESTER : KURSUS : I SESI : 2006/07 PROGRAM KOD KURSUS : : SAP/SAS/SAW SAB 1713/ SAM 2713/SAA 3713

SOIL MECHANICS

100 90 80

Peratus lulus %

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100

Saiz ayak, mm