Maaleforskriften

STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM FOR FISCAL PURPOSES AND FOR CALCULATION OF CO2-TAX
12/5/2004 10/1/2004 07/1/2004 Date
Final document Draft 2 - Issued for comments from the NORSOK measurement standards editing committee. Draft 1. - Issued for NPD comments.
1 ii i Revision number Distribution Open
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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Foreword This document is the result of a project carried out for the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate by Morten Wold, Sola Flow Measurement. Contacts in NPD have been Einar Halvorsen and Steinar Vervik. Both have contributed significantly to the layout and content of this report.
Revision of this document It is our intention to keep this document updated. Any comments or proposals relevant for improvements or information about new standards, updates of standards or new relevant areas of concern would therefore be appreciated. Comments can be sent to Steinar Vervik, NPD (Steinar.Vervik@npd.no)
Revision history Revision 1: First edition.
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General Standards and requirements

Table of contents Table of contents
General Standards and Requirements ............................................................................................. 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 4 General Standards and requirements .............................................................................................. 7 Measurement units ..................................................................................................................... 7 Quality Management .................................................................................................................. 8 Third party calibration and testing laboratories......................................................................... 10 Uncertainty .............................................................................................................................. 11 Liquid measurement systems ....................................................................................................... 14 General .................................................................................................................................... 15 Turbine meter .......................................................................................................................... 16 Coriolis meter .......................................................................................................................... 18 Ultrasonic meter....................................................................................................................... 19 Prover ...................................................................................................................................... 20 Sampling.................................................................................................................................. 23 Pressure and temperature instruments....................................................................................... 25 Density .................................................................................................................................... 27 Water in oil .............................................................................................................................. 29 Viscosity.................................................................................................................................. 30 Flow computers and calculations.............................................................................................. 31 Gas measurement systems............................................................................................................ 33 General standards..................................................................................................................... 33 Differential pressure meters...................................................................................................... 34 Ultrasonic meters ..................................................................................................................... 37 Coriolis meters......................................................................................................................... 39 Turbine meters ......................................................................................................................... 40 Pressure and temperature instruments....................................................................................... 42 Differential Pressure. ............................................................................................................... 44 Density .................................................................................................................................... 45 Energy (Calorific value)........................................................................................................... 47 Sampling.................................................................................................................................. 48 Gas chromatograph. ................................................................................................................. 50 Laboratory ................................................................................................................................... 53 Density .................................................................................................................................... 53 Water in oil and sediments ....................................................................................................... 55 Multiphase flow regime. .......................................................................................................... 58 Multiphase meters.................................................................................................................... 58 National and International Organizations for Standardization....................................................... 59 Addresses and links.................................................................................................................. 59 List of significant standards ......................................................................................................... 61
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General Standards and Requirements

Introduction
This document describes the most used standards regarding fiscal measurement including multiphase measurement for allocation purposes in Norway. The document is listing the standards area by area. Consequently when looking for a standard regarding online density measurement for crude, you should go to the chapter Liquid measurements systems subchapter Density. This document is meant to reference the most common standards for each topic. However, there may be other standards that can be used even if not listed here. For liquid hydrocarbons, main focus is on hydrocarbons also being liquid at atmospheric conditions. The ISO standards are referred to as ISO nnnn:yyyy where yyyy is the year of issuing the valid revision of the standard from ISO. This can be confusing since CEN may adopt the standard at a later date. As an example ISO 6551:1982 is identical with EN-NS-ISO 6551:1995. In this document the year of issuing the standard refer to the ISO revision year. A common setup is used for all the chapters in this document. In each of these chapters you will find the following paragraphs and content: NPD regulations This chapter references significant paragraphs for the topic in the following NPD regulations: Regulations relating to measurement of petroleum for fiscal purposes and for calculation of CO2 tax. In general, only paragraphs discussing the instrument/topic directly are referenced. NORSOK references This chapter references paragraphs in the following NORSOK standards, significant for the topic of the current chapter. I-104 Fiscal Measurement systems for Hydrocarbon Gas (1998) I-105 Fiscal Measurement systems for Hydrocarbon Liquids (1998) The Norsok standards I-104 and I-105 are currently (2004) under revision. This document do not refer specifically to which of the two NORSOK standards it is referred to since this should be clear from the main topic (liquid or gas) in this document..
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Introduction
Comments to the NORSOK metering standards: The NORSOK metering standards are based on international standards, and were developed to define how a metering system can be designed to satisfy NPD regulations. The goal for the development was to replace oil company specifications and other industry guidelines and documents in order to simplify the work for the manufacturers. The NORSOK standards include specifications for both Fiscal measurement systems, systems for allocation purposes and simpler systems to be used for marginal fields were high accuracy systems can not be justified due to economical considerations and cost/benefit analyses. The NORSOK standards frequently refer to international standards and indicate how such standards can be fulfilled. However, NORSOK within a few areas, also specify simpler solutions than specified in the international standard, where such simplifications can be accepted in Norwegian developments. One such area is calibration and testing of gas chromatographs where an alternative method is described. Most significant standards This chapter has references to national and international standards grouped by the individual standardization organization. Only standardization organizations with relevant standards are listed. This list of standards is, however, not meant to be a complete list of standards for the topic. Consequently there can be other standards for each topic that may be important for a particular project or used by individual companies, even if not mentioned here. Comments In this chapter we have included comments to the use of individual standards and possibly comments to individual standards revision history if found significant. For most topics, however, this paragraph is empty and marked None. Abstracts of standards In this chapter we have presented an abstract of each of the most significant standards. Most abstracts presented in this document is abstracts taken from the standardization organizations internet catalog. For the remaining standards the abstract is a summary of the standard scope and introduction.
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Introduction
Other relevant standards Other less significant standards for each topic is mentioned in the paragraph. When no standards are listed this chapter is left blank. TIP: regarding other related standards To find even more standards related to each topic, you can follow the procedure below.: 1. Start from one of the listed standards 2. From one of the standard organization web sites or the PRONORM web site, find the topic ICS code or the ISO subcommittee by searching for one of the known standards. 3. Start a new search and search for the ICS code/ subcommittee work. All standards in that group will then be listed and thereby the most related standards to topic being the starting point for the search.
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Measurement units
For proving systems the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 9 10 Unit of measurement Reference conditions
NORSOK references No References Found
Most significant Standards

ISO Standards ISO 1000: 1992 SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units ISO 1000:1992/Amd 1:1998 ISO 5024: 1999 Petroleum liquids and liquefied petroleum gases -- Measurement -- Standard reference conditions
Comments
ISO 1000 together with ISO 5024 is the basis for all measurements defining the units in which the measurement is done.
Abstracts of standards
ISO 1000:1992 SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units Describes the International System of Units SI, recommends selected decimal multiples and submultiples for general use, gives certain other units which may be used with the SI, and quotes the definitions of the SI base units. ISO 5024: 1999 Measurement Standard reference conditions This document defines different standard reference conditions, important for calculation of standard volume, heating value etc.
Other relevant standards
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Quality Management
For quality management, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 5
Management control system

ISO Standards ISO 9000: 2000 ISO 9001: 2000 Quality management systems. Fundamentals and vocabulary. Ch. 3 Quality management systems Requirements Ch. 7 and Ch. 8
Comments
The Quality management standards were revised in year 2000. The standards are describing a management system. This means that the ISO 9000 series of standards define processes for developing, maintaining and improving quality assurance systems (metering procedure). The ISO 9000 and ISO 9001 is the basis for developing procedures and processes necessary to operate the metering equipment to the required standards.
ISO 9000: 2000 Quality management systems. Fundamentals and vocabulary. Ch. 3 Chapter 3 of ISO 9000 defines terms related to quality management systems. To help understanding the vocabulary, Annex A of the standard may be helpful. ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems Requirements Ch. 7 and Ch. 8 ISO 9001:2000 specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization 1. needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide product that meets customer and applicable regulatory requirements, and 2. aims to enhance customer satisfaction through the effective application of the system, including processes for continual improvement of the system and the assurance of conformity to customer and applicable regulatory requirements. All requirements of this International Standard are generic and are intended to be applicable to all organizations, regardless of type, size and product provided. Where any requirement(s) of this International Standard cannot be applied due to the nature of an organization and its product, this can be considered for exclusion.
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Quality management
Where exclusions are made, claims of conformity to this International Standard are not acceptable unless these exclusions are limited to requirements within clause 7, and such exclusions do not affect the organization's ability, or responsibility, to provide product that meets customer and applicable regulatory requirements. Chapter 7 defines requirements to define and develop processes necessary to achieve a product (measurement) satisfying the overall quality measures including procedures required to for quality control and procedures ensuring registering of information necessary to prove the measurement quality. Chapter 8 defines requirements for continues improvement of the processes and procedures.

ISO 9004:2000 ISO 10005: 1995 ISO/TR 10013: 2002 ISO 19011:2002 Quality management systems. Guidelines for performance improvements. Quality management Guidelines for quality plans. Guidelines for quality management system documentation Guidelines for quality and/or environmental systems auditing
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Third party calibration and testing laboratories
For calibration and testing laboratories the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 11 19 21 23 Determination of energy content etc General Calibration of instrument part
Maintenance
NORSOK references Chapter 4.4 Annex B.1.5 Annex B.2.1 Annex B.2.2 Calibration (I-104 and I-105) Offshore/commissioning verification test (I-104 and I-105) Test Equipment (I-104 and I-105) Inspection and testing of Field Instruments (I-104 and I-105)

ISO Standards ISO/IEC 17025:1999 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
Comments
None.
ISO/IEC 17025: 1999 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. This international standard specifies the general requirements for the competence to carry out tests and/or calibrations, including sampling. It covers testing and calibration performed using standard methods, nonstandard methods and laboratory developed methods. The standard can be used in developing quality, administrative and technical systems. When complying with this standard requirements in ISO 9001 will be met.

No other standards listed
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Uncertainty
For uncertainty of systems the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations
4 5 8 15 16 23 26 28 Requirements to the petroleum activities in general Management control system Allowable measuring uncertainty The instrument part of the metering system The computer part of the metering system Maintenance Operating requirements for instrument part Documentation prior to start up of the metering system
NORSOK references 4.2 5.1.4.1 5.1.4.2 5.2.2.3 5.2.3.2 5.2.3.5 5.2.3.7 5.2.4.5 5.2.4.7 6.1.4.1 6.1.4.2 9.1.3.4 9.1.4.1 Annex C Uncertainty (I-104 and I-105) Capacity (I-104 and I-105) Uncertainty (I-104 and I-105) Flow meter designs (I-104) Conventional Pipe Prover (I-105) Temperature loop (I-104) Direct density measurement (I-104) Temperature loop (I-105) Density (I-105) Capacity (I-105) Uncertainty (I-104 and I-105) Calibration equipment (I-104) Uncertainty and repeatability (I-104) System Selection Criteria (Informative) (I-104 and I-105)

ISO Standards ISO/OIML P17 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). The document was jointly developed by ISO1, IEC2, OIML3 and BIPM4 and revised in 1995.
1 2
International Organization of Standardization International Electrotechnical Commission 3 International Organization of Legal Metrology 4 International Bureau of Weights and Measurement
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Uncertainty NFOGM Handbooks
NFOGM 2001 NFOGM 2003 Handbook of uncertainty calculations, Fiscal orifice gas and turbine metering oil stations Handbook of uncertainty calculations; Ultrasonic fiscal gas metering stations
Comments
NFOGM handbooks of uncertainty In order to develop a user friendly procedure to determine the uncertainty in accordance with the GUM, the Norwegian Society for oil and Gas Measurement (NFOGM), the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) and the Christian Michelsen Research (CMR), in 1999, developed a handbook for determining the uncertainty in measurements for turbine meters (oil) and Orifice meters (gas). The handbook also includes an Excel spread sheet that can be used to calculate the system uncertainty. As a follow up of this initiative a spread sheet for ultrasonic gas measurement has been developed. The handbook can be downloaded from the NFOGM websites.
NFOGM 2001 Handbook of uncertainty calculations, Fiscal orifice gas and turbine metering oil stations The NFOGM handbook of uncertainty is a handbook and spread sheet that can be used to calculate the system uncertainty. The handbook is based on the GUM. (ISO report Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement). The spread sheets, one for orifice meters and one for turbine meter stations, consist of a number of pages covering all single instruments used in the respective metering station. NFOGM 2003 Handbook of uncertainty calculations; Ultrasonic fiscal gas metering stations The handbook is accompanied by an Excel program that provides a practical approach to the field of uncertainty calculations for ultrasonic fiscal gas metering stations. The document is primarily written for experienced users and operators of fiscal gas metering stations as well as manufacturers of ultrasonic gas flow meters and engineering personnel. ISO/OIML P17 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). The guide establish general rules for evaluating and expressing uncertainty in measurement that can be followed at various levels of accuracy and in many fields. The guide is applicable for a broad spectrum of measurements. The guide, however, do not specify how to use the results for different purposes as for instance establishing tolerance limits. It is therefore required to establish procedures for how to use the results in a particular field.

ISO/TR 5168:1998 ISO 6974-1:2000 ISO 6974-2:2001 ISO 6974-3:2000 Measurement of fluid flow - Estimation of Uncertainty of a Flow Rate Measurement Natural gas - Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography Part 1: Guidelines for tailored analysis. Natural gas - Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography Part 2: Measuring-system characteristics and statistics for processing of data. Natural gas - Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography Part 3: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8 using two packed columns.
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Uncertainty
ISO 6974-4:2000 Natural gas - Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography Part 4: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns (ISO 6974-4:2000) Natural gas - Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography Part 5: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns (ISO 6974-5:2000) Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns (available in English only) Assessment of uncertainty in calibration and use of flow measurement devices Part 1: Linear calibration relationships Assessment of uncertainty in the calibration and use of flow measurement devices Part 2: Non-linear calibration relationships
ISO 6974-5:2000
ISO 6974-6:2002
ISO/TR 7066-1:1997 ISO 7066-2:1988
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Liquid measurement systems

Liquid hydrocarbon in this context is meant to be hydrocarbons being liquid also at atmospheric conditions. Hydrocarbons may, however, also be liquid due to high pressure and/or low temperature. One should be careful when using the standards for measurement of liquefied products.
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General
For liquid measurement systems, the following general regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations All paragraphs NORSOK references All chapters

API Standards API/MPMS Ch 5.1 ISO Standards ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum Liquids and gases Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data. General Consideration for Measurement by Meters
Comments
None.
ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum Liquids and gasses Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data. Establishes guidelines for ensuring the quantities stated, a main objective being to ensure the integrity of the primary indication. In order to achieve different levels of security, criteria and recommendations for the design, installation, use and maintenance of the relevant equipment are laid down. Regulatory requirements, including those for safety, are not specifically covered in detail but certain general cautionary notes on safety are included for guidance.

API/MPMS Ch 5 API/MPMS Ch 5.2 API/MPMS Ch. 5.3 API/MPMS Ch. 5.4 API/MPMS Ch 5.5 OIML R117 Metering. Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Displacement Meters Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters Accessory Equipment for Liquid Meters Fidelity and Security of Flow Measurement Pulsed-data Transmission. Systems Measuring systems for other than water.
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Turbine meter
For turbine meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 14 21 22 25 Allowable measuring uncertainty The mechanical part of the metering system Calibration of instrument part Verification of computer part Operating requirements for flow meters
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.2 Chapter 5.2.2.3 Annex B.2.2 Products/Services Flow meter designs Inspection and testing of Field Instruments

API Standards API/MPMS Ch. 5.3 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters API/MPMS Ch. 5.4 Accessory Equipment for Liquid Meters ISO Standards ISO 6551:1982 Petroleum Liquids and gasses Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data.
Comments
None.
Ch. 5.3 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters. Defines the application criteria for turbine meters and discusses appropriate considerations regarding the liquids to be measured. Discusses the installation of a turbine metering system; and the performance, operation, and maintenance of turbine meters in liquid hydrocarbon service. Includes Selecting a Meter and Accessory Equipment and information on the recommended location for prover connections. Ch 5.4 Accessory Equipment for Liquid Meters Describes the characteristics of accessory equipment used with displacement and turbine meters in liquid hydrocarbon service. Includes guidance on the use of electronic flow computers.
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Turbine meter
ISO 6551:1982 Petroleum Liquids and gasses Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data. Establishes guidelines for ensuring the quantities stated, a main objective being to ensure the integrity of the primary indication. In order to achieve different levels of security, criteria and recommendations for the design, installation, use and maintenance of the relevant equipment are laid down. Regulatory requirements, including those for safety, are not specifically covered in detail but certain general cautionary notes on safety are included for guidance.

API/MPMS Ch. 5 API/MPMS Ch 5.1 API/MPMS Ch 5.2 API/MPMS Ch 5.5 ISO 2715:1981 Metering. General Consideration for Measurement by Meters Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Displacement Meters Fidelity and Security of Flow Measurement Pulsed-data Transmission. Systems Liquid hydrocarbons -- Volumetric measurement by turbine meter systems
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Coriolis meter
For Coriolis meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations No references found NORSOK references No references found

API Standards. API/MPMS Ch. 5.6 ISO Standards ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid in closed conduits Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement) Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Coriolis Meters (2002)
Comments
API/MPMS - 5.6 Replaces Draft Standards Measurement of Single-phase, Intermediate and Finished Hydrocarbon Fluids by Coriolis Meters and Measurement of Crude Oil by Coriolis Meters
Short summary of significant standards content

API MPMS 5.6 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Coriolis Meters (2002) Describes methods for achieving custody transfer levels of accuracy when a Coriolis meter is used to measure liquid hydrocarbons. Topics covered include: applicable API standards used in the operation of Coriolis meters; proving and verification using both mass- and volume-based methods; installation, operation, and maintenance. Both mass and volume-based calculation procedures for proving and quantity determination are included in Appendix E ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement) This standard gives guidelines for selection, installation, calibration, performance and operation of Coriolis meters for determination of mass flow, density, volume flow and other related parameters of fluids. The standard primarily concentrate on measurement of liquids. Amendment 1 (2003) extend the standard to cover some aspects of gas measurement with Coriolis meters.
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Ultrasonic meter
For ultrasonic meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 13 14 25 Allowable measuring uncertainty Requirements to the metering system in general The mechanical part of the metering system Operating requirements for flow meters
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.8 Chapter 5.2.2.3 Chapter 5.2.2.8 Chapter 5.2.4.8 Chapter 5.2.5.6 Chapter 5.2.5.13 Annex B.1.5 Annex B.2.2 Layout Requirements Flow meter designs Thermal Insulation Ultrasonic Flow Meter Check Availability Offshore/commissioning verification test Inspection and testing of Field Instruments
Most Significant Standards

API Standards API/MPMS Ch. Draft. Standard Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Ultrasonic Flow meters Using Transit Time Technology.
Comments
ISO TR 12765:1998 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits Methods using transit-time ultrasonic flow meters is referred to by DTI, The standard is, however withdrawn.
API/MPMS - Draft Standard Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Ultrasonic Flow meters Using Transit Time Technology This draft standard describes methods for obtaining custody transfer level measurements with ultrasonic flow meters (UFMs) used to measure liquid hydrocarbons. This document includes application criteria for UFM and includes considerations regarding the liquids being measured. This document also address the installation, operation, proving and maintenance of UFMs in liquid hydrocarbon service.

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Prover
For proving systems the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 14 20 24 Allowable measuring uncertainty The mechanical part of the metering system Calibration of mechanical part Operational requirement for the prover
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.7.2 Chapter 5.1.7.4 Chapter 5.2.3 Annex B.2.2 Annex B.4 Calibration Isolation and Sectioning Mechanical part, prover unit Inspection and testing of Field Instruments Total system test. Liquid function test, for liquid hydrocarbon system that includes prover

API Standards API/MPMS Ch. 4.1 Introduction API/MPMS Ch. 4.2 Displacement Provers API/MPMS Ch. 4.3 Small Volume Provers API/MPMS Ch. 4.5 Master-meter Provers API/MPMS Ch. 4.6 Pulse Interpolation API/MPMS Ch. 4.7 Field-Standard Test Measures API/MPMS Ch. 4.8 Operation of Proving Systems ISO standards ISO 7278-1:1987 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 1: General principles ISO 7278-2:1988 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 2: Pipe provers ISO 7278-3:1998 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 3: Pulse interpolation techniques ISO 7278-4:1999 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 4: Guide for operators of pipe provers
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Prover Comments
Pipe prover Pipe provers can be unidirectional and bidirectional. With a few exceptions Norwegian offshore pipe provers are bidirectional.
Small Volume Provers Small volume provers are in API defined to be provers which has a volume between switches that does not permit a minimum accumulation of 10,000 unaltered pulses from the turbine meter. There are two types of small volume provers 1. Small conventional provers 2. Compact provers Pulse interpolation techniques, as covered in API MPMS Chapter 4.6, may be used to compensate for the limited prover volume. In Norway Small volume provers normally mean Compact provers. Revision history ISO 7278 3 1986 is withdrawn and replaced with a new revision in 1998.
API/MPMS Ch. 4 This chapter serves as a guide for the design, installation, calibration, and operation of meter proving systems. API/MPMS Ch 4.1 - Introduction A general introduction to the subject of proving, the procedure used to determine a meter factor. API/MPMS Ch 4.2 - Displacement Provers This document outlines the essential elements of provers that accumulate meter pulses as a displacing element within the prover travels between detector switches. It provides design and installation details for the types of displacement provers that are currently in use. The provers discussed are designed for proving measurement devices under dynamic operating conditions with single-phase liquid hydrocarbons. API/MPMS Ch. 4.3 - Small Volume Provers This chapter outlines the essential elements of a small volume prover and provides descriptions of and operating details for the various types of small volume provers that meet acceptable standards of repeatability and accuracy. API/MPMS Ch. 4.5 - Master-meter Provers This chapter covers the use of both displacement and turbine meters as master meters API/MPMS Ch. 4.6 - Pulse Interpolation This chapter describes how the double-chronometry method of pulse interpolation, including system operating requirements and equipment testing, is applied to meter proving. API/MPMS Ch. 4.7 - Field-Standard Test Measures Outlines the essential elements of field-standard test measures and provides descriptions and operating details. The volume range for measures in this chapter is 1 to 1,500 gallons API/MPMS Ch. 4.8 - Operation of Proving Systems
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Prover
Operation of Proving Systems Covers the operation of various meter-proving systems used in the petroleum industry. Liquid petroleum meters used for custody transfer measurement require periodic proving to verify accuracy and repeatability and to establish valid meter factors. ISO 7278-1:1987 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -Part 1: General principles The purpose of proving a meter is to determine its relative error or its meter factor as a function of flow rate and other parameters such as temperature, pressure and viscosity. The following types of proving systems are in use: tank prover systems; pipe provers, bidirectional and unidirectional; master meters. They can be used either connected (fixed or mobile) to the metering station or in a central proving station. ISO 7278-2:1988 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -Part 2: Pipe provers Provides guidance for the design, installation and calibration of these provers. Calculation techniques for use when calibrating and operating provers are detailed in ISO 4267-2. Most of the material is general in that it applies to provers for use with different liquids and types of meters and for proving them in different services. Does not apply to the newer "small volume" or "compact" provers. ISO 7278-3:1998 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -Part 3: Pulse interpolation techniques The standard describe 3 methods for pulse interpolation that can be used in conjunction with a pipe or small volume prover to improve the discriminating of proving a turbine or displacement meter. The standard also describe methods for checking that the pulse interpolation system operates satisfactorily. ISO 7278-4:1999 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -Part 4: Guide for operators of pipe provers This part of the standard provide guidance on operating pipe provers to prove turbine meters and displacement meters. The standard is intended for use as a reference manual for the operation of pipe provers and also for use in staff training.

API MPMS Ch. 4.4 API/MPMS Ch. 13.2 IP PMM Part X Tank Provers.. Statistical Methods of Evaluating Meter Proving Meter proving
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Sampling
For sampling systems the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 17 Requirements relating to sampling
NORSOK references Chapter 4.3 Chapter 5.2.2.8 Chapter 7 Annex E Sampling equipment Thermal Insulation Oil Sampler Systems Guidelines To Implementation Of ISO 3171 (Informative)

API Standards API/MPMS Ch 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ANSI/ASTM D 4177) API/MPMS Ch. 13 Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling API/MPMS Ch. 13.1 Statistical Concepts and Procedures in Measurement. ISO Standards ISO 3170:2004 ISO 3171:1998 Petroleum Liquids Manual sampling Petroleum Liquids Automatic pipeline sampling
Comments
None
API/MPMS Ch 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ANSI/ASTM D 4177) This chapter covers automatic procedures for obtaining representative samples of petroleum and no uniform stocks or shipments, except electrical insulating oil. API/MPMS Ch. 13 Statistical Aspects Chapter 13 Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling The more accurate petroleum measurement becomes, the more its practitioners stand in need of statistical methods to express residual uncertainties. This chapter covers the application of statistical methods to petroleum measurement and sampling. API/MPMS Ch. 13.1 Statistical Concepts and Procedures in Measurement Designed to help those who make measurement of bulk oil quantities improve the value of their result statement by making proper estimates of the uncertainty or probable error involved in measurements.
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Sampling
ISO 3170:2004 Petroleum liquids -- Manual sampling ISO 3170:2004 specifies the manual methods to be used for obtaining samples of liquid or semi-liquid hydrocarbons, tank residues and deposits from fixed tanks, railcars, road vehicles, ships and barges, drums and cans, or from liquids being pumped in pipelines. ISO 3170:2004 applies to the sampling of petroleum products, crude oils and intermediate products, which are stored in tanks at or near atmospheric pressure, or transferred by pipelines, and are handled as liquids at temperatures from near ambient up to 200 degrees Celsius. The sampling procedures specified are not intended for the sampling of special petroleum products which are the subject of other International Standards, such as electrical insulating oils (IEC 60475), liquefied petroleum gases (ISO 4257), liquefied natural gases (ISO 8943) and gaseous natural gases (ISO 10715). ISO 3171:1988 Petroleum liquids -- Automatic pipeline sampling Recommends procedures for crude oil and liquid petroleum products being conveyed by pipeline. Does not apply to liquefied petroleum gases and liquefied natural gases. The principal purpose is to give guidelines for specifying, testing, operating, maintaining and monitoring crude oil samples.

API/MPMS Ch. 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ANSI/ASTM D 4057) API/MPMS Ch 8.3 Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ANSI/ASTM D 5854) API/MPMS Ch 8.4 Manual Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement (ANSI/ASTM D 5842) ISO 9494 (TR97):1997 Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling Statistical assessment of performance of automatic samplers determining the water content in hydrocarbon liquids.
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Pressure and temperature instruments
For temperature probes and transmitters as well as pressure transmitters, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 15 26 Allowable measuring uncertainty The instrument part of metering system Operating requirements for instrument part.
NORSOK references 4.1 5.2.4 Annex A General Instrument Part Requirements For Automated Condition Based Maintenance (Normative)

API Standards API/MPMS Ch 7. Temperature Determination
European Norm
EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors
Comments
None.
API/MPMS Ch 7. Temperature Determination The purpose of this standard is to describe methods and practices that may be used to obtain accurate measurements of temperature of petroleum and petroleum products in pipelines, storage tanks, gathering tanks, ships, barges, tank cars, pipe provers, tank provers and test measures under both static and dynamic conditions using electronic temperature measuring devices or mercury- in-glass thermometers. This chapter describes the methods, equipment, and procedures for determining the temperature of petroleum and petroleum products under both static and dynamic conditions. This chapter discusses temperature measurement requirements in general for custody transfer, inventory control, and marine measurements. The actual method and equipment selected for temperature determination are left to the agreement of the parties involved.
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Pressure and temperature instruments
EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors Requirements for sensors whose electrical resistance is a defined function of temperature. Covers thermometers suitable for all or part of the temperature range -150C to 850C. These are in the main sheathed elements suitable for immersion in the medium whose temperature is to be measured

ISO 8310:1991 Refrigerated light hydrocarbon fluids -- Measurement of temperature in tanks containing liquefied gases -- Resistance thermometers and thermocouples
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Density
For online density measurement the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 Allowable measuring uncertainty
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.7.2 Chapter 5.2.2.8 Chapter 5.2.4.1 Chapter 5.2.4.7 Chapter 5.2.5.5 Chapter 5.2.5.6 Annex D.4.5 Calibration Thermal Insulation Location of sensors Density Calculations Check Reference density for pure oil

ISO Standards Energy Institute (Institute of Petroleum) HM 8; 1997 Density, sediment and water. Section 2: Continuous density measurement (Formerly PMM Part VII, S2) Describes latest technologies and details the installation and proving of appropriate equipment
Comments
The Energy Institute was created in 2003 by the merger of two key energy organizations the Institute of Petroleum and the Institute of Energy. Both Institutes had a proud and distinguished heritage developed over many years supporting their particular energy sectors. Increasingly these sectors have converged, creating an integrated global energy market which has been mirrored by the development of the Energy Institute - established to address both the depth and breadth of the subject.
HM 8; 1997 Density, sediment and water. Section 2: Continuous density measurement (Formerly PMM Part VII, S2) Describes latest technologies and details the installation and proving of appropriate equipment. Offers comprehensive guidance on the capabilities, accuracy, installation and calibration of the types of
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Density
continuous density measuring equipment that are now in use in the petroleum industry. This standard covers liquids and gases.

API/MPMS Ch.9 API/MPMS Ch 9.1 API/MPMS Ch 9.2 Density determination Describes the hydrometer method Standard test method for Density or Relative Density of light Hydrocarbons by pressure hydrometer. API/MPMS Ch 9.3 Standard test method for density , relative density and API gravity of crude petroleum products by thermo hydrometer method. ISO 3838:2004 Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products -- Determination of density or relative density -- Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods ISO 3993:1984 Liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbons -- Determination of density or relative density -- Pressure hydrometer method ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits -- Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurements) ISO 12185:1996 Crude petroleum and petroleum products -- Determination of density -- Oscillating U-tube method ISO 12185:1996/Cor 1:2001
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Water in oil
For online measurement of water in oil the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 17 Allowable measuring uncertainty Requirements relating to sampling
NORSOK references Chapter 4.1 Chapter 4.3 Chapter 6 Annex D Annex E General Sampling equipment Water in oil measurement Water in oil calculations (informative) Guidelines to implementation of ISO 3171 (informative)

No standards found applicable for online water in oil analysis.
Comments
None
No standards listed above.

API/MPMS Ch. 8 ISO 3171:1988 Sampling. Petroleum liquids -- Automatic pipeline sampling
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Viscosity
For online measurements of viscosity, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations No references to viscosity meters. NORSOK references 4.1 General

No standards for online viscosity measurements are found.
Comments
None
No standards listed above

ISO 2909:2002 Petroleum products -- Calculation of viscosity index from kinematic viscosity
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Flow computers and calculations.
For flow computer systems the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 16 22 27 Allowable measuring uncertainty The computer part of the metering system Verification of computer part Operating requirements for computer part
NORSOK references Chapter 4.5 Chapter 5.1.3 Chapter 5.1.6.1 Chapter 5.1.6.2 Chapter 5.1.7.2 Chapter 5.1.9 Chapter 5.2.5 Chapter 6.2.3 Annex A.2 Annex D Computer design Equipment/Schematic General Tanker loading measurement system Calibration Interface Requirements Computer Part Computer part Software requirements Water In Oil Calculations (Informative)

API Standards API/MPMS ch. 11 API/MPMS ch 12.2 Physical Properties Data (Volume Correction Factors) Calculation of Liquid Petroleum Quantities Measured by Turbine or Displacement Meters (ANSI/API MPMS 12.2-1981)
Comments
None
API ch 11Physical Properties Data (Volume Correction Factors) The subroutines for all the volumes of Chapter 11.1, except Volumes XI/XII are now available in magnetic tape or electronic form through API. These standards are not included in the complete set of measurement standards. Each element of Chapter 11 must be ordered separately. Chapter 11 is the physical data that has direct application to volumetric measurement of liquid hydrocarbons. It is
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Flow computer and calculations
presented in tabular form, in equations relating volume to temperature and pressure, computer subroutines, and magnetic tape or electronic diskette. API ch 12.2 Calculation of Liquid Petroleum Quantities Measured by Turbine or Displacement Meters (ANSI/API MPMS 12.2-1981) This chapter defines the terms used in the calculation of metered petroleum quantities and specifies the equations that allow the values of correction factors to be computed. Rules for sequence, rounding, and significant figures are provided, along with tables for computer calculations.

IP PMP No. 2 Guidelines for users of Petroleum Measurement Tables
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Gas measurement systems

General standards
For gas metering systems the following general regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations All paragraphs NORSOK references All Paragraphs

CEN Standards NS-EN 1776 : 1999 Gas supply systems Natural gas measuring stations Functional requirements
Comments
None.
NS-EN 1776 :1999 Gas supply systems Natural gas measuring stations - Functional requirements. This European standard specifies functional requirements for the design, construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance of new gas measuring stations for non-domestic custody transfer of natural gas as described in ISO 13686 with a design capacity equal to or greater than 500 m3/h (at base conditions, see 4.1) and for operating pressures equal to or greater than 1 bar (gauge pressure). NOTE: Installations using diaphragm gas meters as primary measuring instruments are not covered by this standard. Except for safety and environmental aspects, the extent to which the requirements of this standard are applied should be justified by the economics of the measuring station. Therefore, stations with an annual throughput of equal to or smaller than 300 000 m3 (at base conditions) are excluded from the scope of this standard. This European Standard specifies common basic principles for gas supply systems. Users of this European Standard should be aware that more detailed national standards and/or codes of practice may exist in the CEN member countries. This European Standard is intended to be applied in association with these national standards and/or codes of practice setting out the above mentioned basic principles.
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Differential pressure meters.
For gas differential meters such as orifice meters, Nozzles, Venturi tubes, V-cone meters etc. the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 14 25 Allowable measuring uncertainty The mechanical part of the metering system (Comments) Operating requirements for flow meters
NORSOK references 5.1.7.4 5.2.2.3 5.2.2.4 5.2.3.1 5.2.3.10 6.1.11 6.2.2.4 Isolation and Sectioning Meter runs and header design for orifice meters Flow meter designs Location of sensors Differential pressure transmitter Special consideration for fuel gas system Flow meter designs

ISO Standards ISO 5167-1:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 1: General principles and requirements ISO 5167-2:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 2: Orifice plates ISO 5167-3:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles ISO 5167-4:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 4: Venturi tubes
Comments
When required to use meter-runs with diameters less than requirements set forth in ISO 5167, see NORSOK I-104 ch. 6.1.11.
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Differential pressure meters. Abstracts of standards
ISO 5167-1:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 1: General principles and requirements ISO 5167-1:2003 defines terms and symbols and establishes the general principles for methods of measurement and computation of the flow rate of fluid flowing in a conduit by means of pressure differential devices (orifice plates, nozzles and Venturi tubes) when they are inserted into a circular crosssection conduit running full. ISO 5167-1:2003 also specifies the general requirements for methods of measurement, installation and determination of the uncertainty of the measurement of flow rate. It also defines the general specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number for which these pressure differential devices are to be used. ISO 5167 (all parts) is applicable only to flow that remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. ISO 5167-2:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular crosssection conduits running full -- Part 2: Orifice plates ISO 5167-2:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of orifice plates when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow-rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit. It also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1. ISO 5167-2:2003 is applicable to primary devices having an orifice plate used with flange pressure tapings, or with corner pressure tapings, or with D and D/2 pressure tapings. Other pressure tapings such as vena contracta and pipe tapings have been used with orifice plates but are not covered by ISO 51672:2003. ISO 5167-2:2003 is applicable only to a flow which remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single phase. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of orifice plates in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 1 000 mm, or for pipe Reynolds numbers below 5 000. ISO 5167-3:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular crosssection conduits running full -- Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles ISO 5167-3:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of nozzles and Venturi nozzles when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow-rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit. ISO 5167-3:2003 also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1. ISO 5167-3:2003 is applicable to nozzles and Venturi nozzles in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of the devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size and Reynolds number. It is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of nozzles and Venturi nozzles in pipe sizes less than 50 mm or more than 630 mm, or for pipe Reynolds numbers below 10 000. ISO 5167-3:2003 deals with two types of standard nozzles, the ISA 1932 nozzle and the long radius nozzle, as well as the Venturi nozzle.
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Differential pressure meters.
The two types of standard nozzle are fundamentally different and are described separately in ISO 51673:2003. The Venturi nozzle has the same upstream face as the ISA 1932 nozzle, but has a divergent section and, therefore, a different location for the downstream pressure tappings, and is described separately. This design has a lower pressure loss than a similar nozzle. For both of these nozzles and for the Venturi nozzle direct calibration experiments have been made, sufficient in number, spread and quality to enable coherent systems of application to be based on their results and coefficients to be given with certain predictable limits of uncertainty. ISO 5167-4:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular crosssection conduits running full -- Part 4: Venturi tubes ISO 5167-4:2003 specifies the geometry and method of use (installation and operating conditions) of Venturi tubes when they are inserted in a conduit running full to determine the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the conduit. ISO 5167-4:2003 also provides background information for calculating the flow-rate and is applicable in conjunction with the requirements given in ISO 5167-1. ISO 5167-4:2003 is applicable only to Venturi tubes in which the flow remains subsonic throughout the measuring section and where the fluid can be considered as single-phase. In addition, each of these devices can only be used within specified limits of pipe size, roughness, diameter ratio and Reynolds number. ISO 5167-4:2003 is not applicable to the measurement of pulsating flow. It does not cover the use of Venturi tubes in pipes sized less than 50 mm or more than 1 200 mm, or for where the pipe Reynolds numbers are below 20 000. ISO 5167-4:2003 deals with the three types of classical Venturi tubes: cast, machined and rough welded sheet-iron. A Venturi tube is a device which consists of a convergent inlet connected to a cylindrical throat which is in turn connected to a conical expanding section called the "divergent". The differences between the values of the uncertainty of the discharge coefficient for the three types of classical Venturi tube show, on the one hand, the number of results available for each type of classical Venturi tube and, on the other hand, the more or less precise definition of the geometric profile. The values are based on data collected many years ago. Venturi nozzles (and other nozzles) are dealt with in ISO 5167-3.

AGA Report No. 3, BS 1042 Orifice Metering of Natural Gas Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits; pressure differential devices
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Ultrasonic meters
For gas ultrasonic meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 13 16 25 Allowable measuring uncertainty Requirements to the metering system in general The computer part of the metering system Operating requirements for flow meters
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.8 Chapter 5.2.2.4 Chapter 5.2.2.7 Chapter 5.2.3.9 Chapter 5.2.4.6 Chapter 5.2.4.11 Chapter 6.1.8 Chapter 6.2.2.4 Chapter 7.1.10 Chapter 7.2.1 Annex B.1.5 Annex B.2.2 Layout Requirements Flow meter designs Thermal Insulation Ultrasonic flow meter Check (Of computer) Availability Layout Requirements Flow meter designs Testing and Commissioning Requirements Mechanical part Offshore/commissioning verification test Inspection and testing of Field Instruments

AGA reports AGA Rep. No. 9 Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters AGA Rep. No.10 Speed of sound in Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases
Comments
ISO TR 12765:1998 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits Methods using transit-time ultrasonic flow meters is referred to by DTI. The standard, however, is withdrawn.
AGA Report No. 9, Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters (1998) This report is for multipath ultrasonic transit-time flow meters, typically 6" and larger in diameter, used for the measurement of natural gas. It is written in the form of a performance-based specification. AGA Report no.10, Speed of sound in Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases
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Ultrasonic meters.
This report outlines a method for the calculation of the speed of sound in natural gas and the individual components that make up natural gas. It also calculates the entropy, enthalpy and C* coefficient for sonic nozzles. It also provides computer codes for programming calculations of speed of sound.

BS 7965 The selection, installation, operation and calibration of diagonal path transit time ultrasonic flow meters for industrial gas measurement
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Coriolis meters.
For gas Coriolis meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 26 Operating requirements for flow meters.

ISO Standards ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits - Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement). ISO 10790:1999/Amd 1:2003 Guidelines for gas measurement AGA Reports AGA 11 Measurement of Natural Gas by Coriolis Meter
Comments
None.
ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits - Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement) This standard gives guidelines for selection, installation, calibration, performance and operation of Coriolis meters for determination of mass flow, density, volume flow and other related parameters of fluids. The standard primarily concentrate on measurement of liquids. Amendment 1 (2003) extend the standard to cover some aspects of gas measurement with Coriolis meters AGA 11 Measurement of Natural Gas by Coriolis Meter This report provides a performance-based specification and test methods for Coriolis meters intended to use for flow measurement of natural gas. It contains several appendices addressing such issues as theory, operation, accuracy, research, test data, etc.
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Turbine meters
For gas turbine meters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 Allowable measuring uncertainty
NORSOK references Chapter 6.1.11 Chapter 6.2.2.4 Chapter 6.2.4.7 Annex B.2.2 Special consideration for fuel gas system Flow meter designs Error handling Inspection and testing of Field Instruments

ISO Standards ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum liquids and gases -- Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement -Cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data ISO 9951: 1993 Measurement of gas flow in closed conduits - Turbine meters (1993) ISO 9951: 1993/Cor 1:1994 AGA reports AGA report No 7 Measurement of gas by turbine meters -AGA Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 7.
Comments
None
ISO 6551:1982 Petroleum liquids and gases -- Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement -- Cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data Establishes guidelines for ensuring the quantities stated, a main objective being to ensure the integrity of the primary indication. In order to achieve different levels of security, criteria and recommendations for the design, installation, use and maintenance of the relevant equipment are laid down. Regulatory requirements, including those for safety, are not specifically covered in detail but certain general cautionary notes on safety are included for guidance.
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Turbine meters.
ISO 9951:1993 Measurement of gas flow in closed conduits -- Turbine meters Specifies dimensions, ranges, construction, performance, calibration and output characteristics of the turbine meters. Also deals with installation conditions, leakage testing und pressure testing and provides a series of informative annexes A to E including recommendations for use, field checks, and perturbations of the fluid flowing. In many countries, some or all of the items covered are subject to mandatory regulations imposed by the laws of these countries. Where conflicts exist, the mandatory regulations shall prevail. AGA report no 7 Measurement of gas by turbine meters (1996) Provides information on the theory of operation, performance characteristics, and installation and maintenance of turbine meters. Also includes technique for flow computation, calibration and field checks. 1996.
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Pressure and temperature instruments.
For temperature sensors and transmitters, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 9 10 13 15 Allowable measuring uncertainty Units of measurement Reference conditions Requirements to the metering system in general The instrument part of the metering system
NORSOK references Chapter 5.2.2.7 Chapter 5.2.3.1 Chapter 5.2.3.4 Chapter 5.2.3.5 Chapter 5.2.3.6 Chapter 5.2.3.12 Chapter 5.2.3.15 Chapter 7.2.2. Annex A Thermal Insulation Location of sensors Stability for smart transmitters Temperature loop Thermowells Local pressure indication Enclosures Instrument Part Requirements for Automated Condition Based Maintenance (Normative)

European Norm EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors
Comments
EN 60751 = BS 1904
EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors Requirements for sensors whose electrical resistance is a defined function of temperature. Covers thermometers suitable for all or part of the temperature range -150C to 850C. These are in the main sheathed elements suitable for immersion in the medium whose temperature is to be measured
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Pressure and temperature instruments. Other relevant standards
ISO 4268:2000 ISO 8222:2002 ISO 8310:1991 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Temperature measurements -- Manual methods Petroleum measurement systems -- Calibration -- Temperature corrections for use when calibrating volumetric proving tanks Refrigerated light hydrocarbon fluids -- Measurement of temperature in tanks containing liquefied gases -- Resistance thermometers and thermocouples
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Differential Pressure
For differential pressure sensors and transmitters the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 14 26 Allowable measuring uncertainty The mechanical part of the metering system Operating requirements for instrument part
NORSOK references Chapter 5.2.3.4 Chapter 5.2.3.10 Chapter 5.2.3.14 Chapter 5.2.3.15 Chapter 5.2.4.5 Annex A.1 Stability for smart transmitters Differential pressure transmitter Instrument tubing Enclosures Calculations General
Most significant Standards Comments

None.
Abstracts of standards Other relevant standards

ISO/TR 15377:1998 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure-differential devices -- Guidelines for the specification of nozzles and orifice plates beyond the scope of ISO 5167-1 ISO/TR 15377:1998/Cor 1:1999 BS 1042 Measurement of Fluid Flow in Closed Conduits; Pressure Differential Devices
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Density
For density calculations and measurements the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 15 26 Allowable measuring uncertainty The instrument part of the metering system Operating requirements for instrument part
NORSOK references Chapter 5.1.7.2 Chapter 5.2.2.7 Chapter 5.2.3.1 Chapter 5.2.3.7 Chapter 5.2.3.8 Chapter 5.2.4.2 Chapter 5.2.4.5 Chapter 5.2.4.6 Chapter 6.2.3.7 Chapter 9.1.3.3 Annex A Calibration Thermal Insulation Location of sensors Direct density measurement Calculated density Computer design Calculations Check Density Computer unit Requirements for Automated Condition Based Maintenance (Normative)

ISO standards ISO 6976: 1995 Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition ISO 6976:1995/Cor 2:1997 ISO 6976:1995/Cor 3:1999 AGA Reports AGA 8 Compressibility factor of natural gas and related hydrocarbon gasses (1994)
Comments
The standards listed above are standards for calculating the gas density and other properties when the gas composition is known. The standards can be used together with a gas chromatograph to find the online gas density or when the average gas composition is known, the standards can be used to estimate the instant line gas density.
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Density. Abstracts of standards
ISO 6976:1995 Natural gas -- Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition Specifies methods for the calculation of the superior calorific value and the inferior calorific value, density, relative density and Wobbe index of dry natural gas and other combustible gaseous fuels, when the composition of the gas by mole fraction is known. Replaces the first edition, which has been technically revised. AGA 8 Compressibility Factor of Natural Gas and Related Hydrocarbon Gases (1994) Presents information needed (including efficient FORTRAN 77 computer program listings) to compute gas phase densities, and compressibility and super compressibility factors for natural gas and other related hydrocarbon gases. Second printing, 1994.

ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits -- Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurements) ISO 10790:1999/Amd 1:2003 Guidelines for gas measurement PMM VII Density ISO 12213-1:1997 Natural gas -- Calculation of compression factor -- Part 1: Introduction and guidelines ISO 12213-2:1997 Natural gas -- Calculation of compression factor -- Part 2: Calculation using molarcomposition analysis ISO 12213-3:1997 Natural gas -- Calculation of compression factor -- Part 3: Calculation using physical properties
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Energy (Calorific value)
For calculations of the energy content the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 11 Allowable measuring uncertainty Determination of energy content
NORSOK references Chapter 5.2.4.5 Chapter 6.2.4.5 Annex A Calculations Calculations Requirements For Automated Condition Based Maintenance (Normative)

ISO standards ISO 6976: 1995 Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition ISO 6976:1995/Cor 2:1997 ISO 6976:1995/Cor 3:1999
Comments Abstracts of standards

ISO 6976:1995 Natural gas -- Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition Specifies methods for the calculation of the superior calorific value and the inferior calorific value, density, relative density and Wobbe index of dry natural gas and other combustible gaseous fuels, when the composition of the gas by mole fraction is known. Replaces the first edition, which has been technically revised.
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Sampling.
For gas sampling system the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 11 15 17 Determination of energy content etc. The instrument part of the metering system Requirements relating to sampling
NORSOK references Chapter 4.1 Chapter 4.3 Chapter 8 Chapter 9.1.3.1 Chapter 9.2.1 General Sampling equipment Gas Sampler Systems Sampling system Sampling system

ISO standards ISO 10715 Natural Gas - Sampling Guidelines
Comments
None.
ISO 10715:1997 Natural gas -- Sampling guidelines The purpose of this document is to provide concise guidelines for the collection, conditioning and handling of representative samples of processed natural gas streams. It also contains guidelines for sampling strategy, probe location and the handling and design of sampling equipment. It considers spot, composite (incremental) and continuous sampling systems. This document gives consideration to constituents such as oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, air, nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the gas stream. This document does not include sampling of liquid streams or streams with multiphase flow. Traces of liquid, such as glycol and compressor oil, if present, are assumed to be intrusive and not a part of the gas to be sampled. Their removal is desirable to protect the sampling and analytical equipment from contamination. This document can be used for custody transfer measurement systems and allocation measurement systems

ISO 8943:1991 Refrigerated light hydrocarbon fluids -- Sampling of liquefied natural gas -- Continuous method ISO 6712:1982 Gas analysis -- Sampling and transfer equipment for gases supplying an analytical unit
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Gas Sampling.
ISO 8943:1991 Refrigerated light hydrocarbon fluids -- Sampling of liquefied natural gas -- Continuous method
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Gas chromatograph
For gas chromatographs, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 11 15 26 Allowable measuring uncertainty Determination of energy content etc. The instrument part of the metering system (Comments) Operating requirements for instrument part
NORSOK references Chapter 4.3 Chapter 5.1.9 Chapter 6.1.9 Chapter 9 Annex B.2.3 Sampling equipment Interface Requirements Interface Requirements Gas Chromatograph Inspection and Testing of OGC

ASTMD standards ASTMD 1945 API Standards ISO standards ISO 6974-1:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 1: Guidelines for tailored analysis ISO 6974-2:2001 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 2: Measuring-system characteristics and statistics for processing of data ISO 6974-3:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 3: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8 using two packed columns ISO 6974-4:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 4: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns ISO 6974-5:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 5: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to Revision 1 Analysis of natural gas by gas chromatography
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Gas Chromatograph.
C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns ISO 6974-6:2002 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns ISO 6974-6:2002/Cor 1:2003 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns (available in English only)
Comments
The committee revising the NORSOK gas standard has found this ISO 6974 requirements to be more extensive than required in the Norwegian gas pipeline systems. One should be aware of the standard , but requirements set forth in chapter 9 in NORSOK I-104 should probably cover the needs for linearity and GC approval test for use in Norway. However, for custody transfer systems delivering gas to companies outside Norway, testing according to ISO 6974 may be required. ISO 6568:1981 was referred to in NORSOK I-104:1998, but has been withdrawn after 1998.
API/MPMS Ch. 13 Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling The more accurate petroleum measurement becomes, the more its practitioners stand in need of statistical methods to express residual uncertainties. This chapter covers the application of statistical methods to petroleum measurement and sampling. API/MPMS Ch 13.1 Statistical Concepts and Procedures in Measurement Designed to help those who make measurement of bulk oil quantities improve the value of their result statement by making proper estimates of the uncertainty or probable error involved in measurements. API/MPMS Ch 13.2 Statistical Methods of Evaluating Meter Proving Data Addresses procedures for evaluating any meters performance where meter proving factors are developed in accordance with Chapter 12.2. The data in examples used in this chapter are intended to be typical of custody transfer operations of low-vapor-pressure fluids using displacement or turbine meters in accordance with Chapters 4, 5, and 6 of the American Petroleum Institutes Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. However, the procedures in Chapter 13.2. can be used for noncustody transfer metering applications and for custody transfer metering of high-vapor-pressure and gaseous fluids where meter proving data are available. ISO 6974-1:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 1: Guidelines for tailored analysis Part 1 of this standard gives guidelines for quantitative analysis of natural gas containing composition of gasses within defined ranges. Part 1 contain a broad description and refer to other parts of the standard for more detailed information/requirements. ISO 6974-2:2001 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 2: Measuring-system characteristics and statistics for processing of data. Part 2 of this standard describes the data processing for the tailored analysis of natural gas. It includes the determination of the measuring system characteristics and the statistical approach to data handling and error calculation with the aim of defining the uncertainty in mole fractions of the component measured. Part 2 also discuss selection of reference gas and selection of response function. Part 2 is only applicable in conjunction with part 1 of the standard.
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Gas Chromatograph.
ISO 6974-3:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 3: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8 using two packed columns. Part 3 of this standard describes a gas chromatograph method for the quantitative determination of the content of helium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons natural gas samples using two packed columns. This method is applicable to determinations made in online processes or in the laboratory. It is applicable to gasses containing the mol fraction defined in table 1 in chapter 1 of the standard and do not contain any hydrocarbon condensate. Part 4 is only applicable when used in conjunction with parts 1 and 2 of ISO 6974. This method requires the use of two columns which are put into one or two GCs. The constituents of the eluent of the first column are detected by a thermal conductivity detector (TCD). The constituents of the eluent of the second column are detected by a TCD and a flame ionization (FID) in series. ISO 6974-4:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 4: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns. Part 4 of this standard describes a gas chromatograph method for the quantitative determination of natural gas constituents using a two column system. This method is applicable to determination made in on-line processes or in the laboratory. It is applicable to the analysis of gases containing constituents within the mole fraction ranges given in table 1 of chapter 1 of part 4 of the standard. Part 4 is only applicable when used in conjunction with parts 1 and 2 of ISO 6974. The combination of two columns makes back flushing possible. All the constituents including the back flush peak are detected by a thermal conductivity detector (TCD). The method is derived from ISO 6568. ISO 6974-5:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 5: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns. Part 5 of this standard describes a gas chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of the constituents using a three column system. This method is applicable to natural gases of limited range, online and automatically calibrating on a regular basis for gas samples not containing hydrocarbon condensate and/or water. It is applicable to the analysis of gases containing constituents within the mole fraction ranges given in table 1 of chapter 1. Part 5 is only applicable when used in conjunction with parts 1 and 2 of ISO 6974. This method is based on an automatic column-switching technique in which multiple columns, chosen for their separating ability for particular groups of components, are switched automatically. ISO 6974-6:2002 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns. Part 5 of this standard describes a gas chromatograph method for the quantitative determination of the content of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C to C8 hydrocarbons in natural gas samples using three capillary columns. It is applicable to analysis of gas containing constituents within the mole fraction ranges given in table 1 in chapter 1 and part 6 of the standard and is commonly used for laboratory applications. Part 6 is only applicable when used in conjunction with parts 1 and 2 of ISO 6974. This method requires the use of three columns which are put in two GCs.

ISO 6975:1997 ISO 19739:2004 Natural gas -- Extended analysis -- Gas-chromatographic method Natural gas -- Determination of sulfur compounds using gas chromatography
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Laboratory
Density
For determining the density of oil and gas, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations 8 Allowable measuring uncertainty

API Standards API/MPMS Ch. 9 API/MPMS Ch 9.1 API/MPMS Ch 9.2 API/MPMS Ch 9.3 Density Determination Describes the hydrometer method Standard test method for Density or Relative Density of light Hydrocarbons by pressure hydrometer. Standard test method for density, relative density and API gravity of crude petroleum products by thermo hydrometer method.
ISO Standards ISO 12185: 1996 Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method ISO 12185:1996/Cor 1:2001
Comments
None
API/MPMS Ch. 9 Density Determination The standard describes the methods an apparatus to determine the specific gravity of crude and petroleum products normally handled as liquids. API/MPMS Ch. 9.1 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (ANSI/ASTM D 1298) This chapter describes the methods and practices relating to the determination of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products using the hydrometer method (laboratory determination).
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Laboratory
Density.
API/MPMS Ch 9.2 Standard test method for Density or Relative Density of light Hydrocarbons by pressure hydrometer. (ANSI/ASTM D 1657) This chapter provides a guide for determining the density or relative density (specific gravity) or API gravity of light hydrocarbons, including liquefied petroleum gases, using a pressure hydrometer. API/MPMS Ch 9.3 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermo hydrometer Method (ANSI/ASTM D 6822) This chapter describes methods and practices suitable for the determination of density or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products using thermo hydrometers. The test method covers petroleum and liquid petroleum products with Reid vapor pressure of 179 kPa (26psi) or less ISO 12185:1996 Crude petroleum and petroleum products -- Determination of density -- Oscillating U-tube method Gives a method for the determination, using an oscillation U-tube densitometer, of the density of crude petroleum and related products within the range 600 kg/m^3 to 1 100 kg/m^3 which can be handled as single-phase liquids at the test temperature and pressure.

ISO 649-1:1981 ISO 649-2:1981 Laboratory glassware -- Density hydrometers for general purposes -- Part 1: Specification Laboratory glassware -- Density hydrometers for general purposes -- Part 2: Test methods and use ISO 3675:1993 Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Laboratory determination of density or relative density -- Hydrometer method ISO 3675:1976 Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Laboratory determination of density or relative density -- Hydrometer method ISO 3838:2004 Crude petroleum and liquid or solid petroleum products -- Determination of density or relative density -- Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicapillary pyknometer methods ISO 3993:1984 Liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbons -- Determination of density or relative density -- Pressure hydrometer method ISO 6976:1995 Natural gas -- Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition ISO 6976:1995/Cor 2:1997 ISO 6976:1995/Cor 3:1999 ISO 15169:2003 Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Determination of volume, density and mass of the hydrocarbon content of vertical cylindrical tanks by hybrid tank measurement systems
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Laboratory
Water in oil and sediments
For determination of water in oil in the laboratory, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations
8 Allowable measuring uncertainty 17 Requirements relating to sampling
NORSOK references Annex E 9.3 Sampling Handling

API and ANSI/ASTM Standards ANSI/ASTM D 4007 - API/MPMS Ch 10.3 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (ANSI/ASTM D 4007) ANSI/ASTM D 4377 Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration (API Ch. 10.7) ANSI/ASTM D 4928 Standard Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (API Ch 10.9.) ISO standards ISO 9030 ISO 10336 ISO 10337 Crude petroleum - Determination of water and sediment - Centrifuge method Crude petroleum - Determination of water - Potentiometric Karl Fischer titration method Crude petroleum - Determination of water - Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method
Comments
Water The water in oil content is normally analyzed in Norway by use of one of Karl Fisher Titration methods. (Volumetric or gravimetric). The gravimetric method depends on a very good weight and stable support and can not be used on floating production units. The volumetric method is depending on accurate determination of the volume and can be used where accurate weighing is not possible. The centrifuge and distillation methods are not used offshore for fiscal purposes and are therefore not listed in this chapter.
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Laboratory
Sediments Most crude from the Norwegian North Sea has very little content of sediments. For all practical purposes the content of sediments are set to 0 (Zero) on the major part of the fields. To document the low content of sediments the centrifuge method is widely used offshore Norway.
ANSI/ASTM D 4377 - APIMPMS Ch. 10.7 Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration This chapter describes the procedure for the determination of water in crude oils by Karl Fischer titration (potentiometric.) This test method covers the determination of water in the range from 0.02 to 2 mass percent in crude oils. Mercaptan and sulfide (S+ or H2S) sulfur are known to interfere with the method. ANSI/ASTM D 4928 - API Ch 10.9. Standard Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration This chapter covers the determination of water in the 0.025.0 percent range in crude oils. The test method presents two procedures for the direct determination of water content in crude oils; weight and volume. ISO 9030:1990 Crude petroleum -- Determination of water and sediment -- Centrifuge method Specifies a method for the laboratory determination. The precision data of this procedure have only been determined for water contents up to 1 % (V/V). Includes principle, apparatus, reagents, sampling, procedure, expression of results, precision and test report. A centrifuge tube is shown in figure 1. The procedure for reading the volume of water and sediment is shown in figure 2. The precision of the method is shown in figure 3. The sample handling is described in annex A. ISO 10336:1997 Crude petroleum -- Determination of water -- Potentiometric Karl Fischer titration method This standard specifies a potentiometric Karl Fisher titration method for the direct determination of water in crude petroleum. It covers the range of 0,05 to 2,0 % water in crude petroleum containing less than 0,05% but more than 0,005% of either mercaptan sulfur or sulfide ion sulfur or both. It covers the range of 0,02 to 2% water in crude petroleum containing less than 0,005% of either mercaptan sulfur or sulfide ion sulfur or both. (All percentages is mass/mass %.) ISO 10337:1997 Crude petroleum -- Determination of water -- Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method This standard specifies a potentiometric Karl Fisher titration method for the direct determination of water in crude petroleum. It covers the range of 0,050 to 5,00 % water in crude petroleum containing less than 0,05% but more than 0,005% of either mercaptan sulfur or sulfide ion sulfur or both. It covers the range of 0,020 to 5,00% water in crude petroleum containing less than 0,005% of either mercaptan sulfur or sulfide ion sulfur or both. (All percentages is mass/mass %.)

API/MPMS Ch 8.3 Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ANSI/ASTM D 5854)
API/MPMS Ch. 10.1
Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (ANSI/ASTM D 473) API/MPMS Ch. 10.2 Determination of Water in Crude Oil by Distillation (ANSI/ASTM D 4006) API/MPMS Ch. 10.3 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (ANSI/ASTM D 4007) API/MPMS Ch. 10.4 Determination of Sediment and Water in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge. Method (Field procedure) API/MPMS Ch. 10.5 Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ANSI/ASTM D 95). API/MPMS Ch. 10.6 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method the water and sediment in fuel oils by using the centrifuge method in the range from 0 to 3 percent volume. (ANSI/ASTM D1796)
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Laboratory
API/MPMS Ch. 10.8 ISO 3733:1999 ISO 3734:1997 ISO 3735:1999 ISO 6296:2000 ISO 9029 ISO 9030:1990 ISO 9114:1997 ISO/TR 9494:1997 ISO 12937:2000 IP 386/90 Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration (ANSI/ASTM D 4807). Petroleum products and bituminous materials -- Determination of water -- Distillation method Petroleum products -- Determination of water and sediment in residual fuel oils -- Centrifuge method Crude petroleum and fuel oils -- Determination of sediment -- Extraction method Petroleum products -- Determination of water -- Potentiometric Karl Fischer titration method Crude petroleum - Determination of water - Distillation method Crude petroleum -- Determination of water and sediment -- Centrifuge method Crude petroleum -- Determination of water content by hydride reaction -- Field method Petroleum liquids -- Automatic pipeline sampling -- Statistical assessment of performance of automatic samplers determining the water content in hydrocarbon liquids Petroleum products -- Determination of water -- Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method Determination of water content of crude oil - Coulometric Karl Fischer method
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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM Multiphase flow regime Multiphase meters

For determination of water in oil in the laboratory, the following regulations and standards are applicable: NPD regulations No references NORSOK references No References Found

No standards made for multiphase meters.
Comments
There are no standards developed for multiphase meters. However, the Norwegian Society for oil and gas measurement (NFOGM) has had a Multiphase metering handbook developed. This handbook is currently being revised and is expected to be finished near the end of year 2004. Furthermore API is developing a standard/ recommended practice Recommended practice fie well rate determination also covering multiphase meters. The ISO committee TC193 subcommittee 3 is also working on a standard for wet gas measurement that most probably will include aspects of multiphase meters.
Abstracts of standards Other relevant standards
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National and International Organizations for Standardization

Addresses and links
INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM, 61 NEW CAVENDISH STREET, LONDON W1M 8AR, UNITED KINGDOM. www.energyinst.org.uk (IP is now a part of The Energy Institute)
AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE 1220 L STREET, NORTHWEST, WASHINGTON D.C. 20005, U.S.A. WWW.API.ORG From this site you can find and download the API catalog (PDF file) containing information about all API standards. Abstracts for individual API standards in this document are taken from the API catalog. ISO (INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION) CASE POSTALE 56 CH-1211 GENVE 20 SWITZERLAND www.iso.org From the ISO web site you can search the ISO catalog to find the different ISO standards and related information such as number of revisions, abstracts etc. Before searching for standards it is recommended to go to the extended search page. Most abstracts for ISO standards is taken from the ISO web site BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTE 389 CHISWICK HIGH ROAD, LONDON W4 4AL, UNITED KINGDOM www.bsi-global.com http://bsonline.techindex.co.uk The BS web site is somewhat difficult to use since many of the standard numbers used in the catalog is used for several standards with different code upfront for instance is BS1042 different from ISO BS 1042. AMERICAN GAS ASSOCIATION
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List of significant standards
400 N. CAPITOL STREET, N.W. WASHINGTON, DC 20001 U.S.A. www.aga.org
Gas Processors Association 6526 E 60th Street Tulsa, OK 74145 U.S.A. www.gasprocessors.com PRONORM www.pronorm.no Pronorm has two databases you can use to search for standards. One is free and one will have a annual fee. After having searched the database for the standards, We have found that it is often better to search for an ISO standard from the ISO web rather than using the Pronorm database.
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AGA 11 Measurement of Natural Gas by Coriolis Meter............................................................39 AGA 8 Compressibility factor of natural gas and related hydrocarbon gasses (1994)..................45 AGA Rep. No. 9 Measurement of Gas by Multipath Ultrasonic Meters .....................................37 AGA Rep. no.10 Speed of sound in Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon Gases ...........37 AGA report no 7 Measurement of gas by turbine meters -AGA Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 7.........................................................................................................40 ANSI/ASTM D 4007 - API/MPMS Ch 10.3 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (ANSI/ASTM D 4007) ..................................................55 ANSI/ASTM D 4377 Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration (API Ch. 10.7) .............................................................................................55 ANSI/ASTM D 4928 Standard Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (API Ch 10.9.) .............................................................................................55 API/MPMS ch 12.2 Calculation of Liquid Petroleum Quantities Measured by Turbine or Displacement Meters (ANSI/API MPMS 12.2-1981)..............................................................31 API/MPMS Ch 5.1 General Consideration for Measurement by Meters.....................................15 API/MPMS Ch 7. Temperature Determination ..........................................................................25 API/MPMS Ch 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products.........................23 API/MPMS ch. 11 Physical Properties Data (Volume Correction Factors)..................................31 API/MPMS Ch. 13 Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling ...........................................23 API/MPMS Ch. 13.1 Statistical Concepts and Procedures in Measurement................................23 API/MPMS Ch. 4.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................20 API/MPMS Ch. 5.3 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Turbine Meters..........................16 API/MPMS Ch. 5.4 Accessory Equipment for Liquid Meters ....................................................16 API/MPMS Ch. 5.6 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Coriolis Meters (2002................18 API/MPMS Ch. 9 Density Determination .................................................................................53 API/MPMS Ch. Draft. Standard Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Ultrasonic Flow meters Using Transit Time Technology ..................................................................................19 ASTMD 1945 Analysis of natural gas by gas chromatography ..................................................50 EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors ...............................................25 EN 60751 Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometer sensors................................................42 HM 8; 1997 Density, sediment and water. Section 2: Continuous density measurement (Formerly PMM Part VII, S2) .................................................................................................................27 ISO 1000: 1992 SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units..........................................................................................................................................7 ISO 1000:1992/Amd 1:1998.........................................................................................................7 ISO 10336 Crude petroleum - Determination of water - Potentiometric Karl Fischer titration method ...................................................................................................................................55 ISO 10337 Crude petroleum - Determination of water - Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method ...................................................................................................................................55 ISO 10715 Natural Gas - Sampling Guidelines ..........................................................................48 ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits - Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement)....39
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ISO 10790:1999 Measurement of fluid in closed conduits Guidance to the selection, installation and use of Coriolis meters (mass flow, density and volume flow measurement) ......................18 ISO 10790:1999/Amd 1:2003 Guidelines for gas measurement .................................................39 ISO 12185: 1996 Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method ......................................................................................................53 ISO 12185:1996/Cor 1:2001.......................................................................................................53 ISO 3170:2004 Petroleum Liquids Manual sampling ...............................................................23 ISO 3171:1998 Petroleum Liquids Automatic pipeline sampling .............................................23 ISO 5024: 1999 Petroleum liquids and liquefied petroleum gases -- Measurement -- Standard reference conditions..................................................................................................................7 ISO 5167-1:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 1: General principles and requirements......34 ISO 5167-2:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 2: Orifice plates.........................................34 ISO 5167-3:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles .................34 ISO 5167-4:2003 Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full -- Part 4: Venturi tubes.........................................34 ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum liquids and gases -- Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement -Cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data..................................................40 ISO 6551: 1982 Petroleum Liquids and gasses Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data...................................................15 ISO 6551:1982 Petroleum Liquids and gasses Fidelity and security of dynamic measurement cabled transmission of electric and/or electronic pulsed data...................................................16 ISO 6974-1:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 1: Guidelines for tailored analysis ......................................................50 ISO 6974-2:2001 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 2: Measuring-system characteristics and statistics for processing of data ...............................................................................................................................................50 ISO 6974-3:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 3: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons up to C8 using two packed columns ...............................................50 ISO 6974-4:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 4: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line measuring system using two columns ....................50 ISO 6974-5:2000 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 5: Determination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C5 and C6+ hydrocarbons for a laboratory and on-line process application using three columns ................51 ISO 6974-6:2002 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns ..........................................51 ISO 6974-6:2002/Cor 1:2003 Natural gas -- Determination of composition with defined uncertainty by gas chromatography -- Part 6: Determination of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and C1 to C8 hydrocarbons using three capillary columns (available in English only) ..........................................................................................................................51 ISO 6976: 1995 Natural gas - Calculation of calorific values, density, relative density and Wobbe index from composition .................................................................................................... 45; 47
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ISO 6976:1995/Cor 2:1997................................................................................................... 45; 47 ISO 6976:1995/Cor 3:1999................................................................................................... 45; 47 ISO 7278-1:1987 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 1: General principles .......................................................................20 ISO 7278-2:1988 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 2: Pipe provers ................................................................................20 ISO 7278-3:1998 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 3: Pulse interpolation techniques .....................................................20 ISO 7278-4:1999 Liquid hydrocarbons -- Dynamic measurement -- Proving systems for volumetric meters -- Part 4: Guide for operators of pipe provers .............................................20 ISO 9000: 2000 Quality management systems. Fundamentals and vocabulary. Ch. 3................8 ISO 9001: 2000 Quality management systems Requirements Ch. 7 and Ch. 8.........................8 ISO 9030 Crude petroleum - Determination of water and sediment - Centrifuge method............55 ISO 9951: 1993 Measurement of gas flow in closed conduits - Turbine meters (1993)................40 ISO 9951: 1993/Cor 1:1994........................................................................................................40 ISO/IEC 17025:1999 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. ............................................................................................................................10 ISO/OIML P17 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). ...................11 NFOGM 2001 Handbook of uncertainty calculations, Fiscal orifice gas and turbine metering oil stations ...................................................................................................................................12 NFOGM 2003 Handbook of uncertainty calculations; Ultrasonic fiscal gas metering stations....12 NS-EN 1776 : 1999 Gas supply systems Natural gas measuring stations Functional requirements ...............................................................................................................................................33
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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM FOR FISCAL PURPOSES AND FOR CALCULATION OF CO2-TAX

12/5/2004 10/1/2004 07/1/2004 Date

1 ii i Revision number Distribution Open

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Revision history Revision 1: First edition.

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General Standards and requirements

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

General Standards and Requirements

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General Standards and requirements

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General Standards and requirements

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

General Standards and requirements

NORSOK references No References Found

Most significant Standards

Other relevant standards

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

General Standards and requirements

NORSOK references No References Found

Most significant Standards

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General Standards and requirements

Other relevant standards

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

General Standards and requirements

Most significant Standards

Other relevant standards

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

General Standards and requirements

Most significant Standards

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General Standards and requirements

Other relevant standards

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General Standards and requirements

ISO/TR 7066-1:1997 ISO 7066-2:1988

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Liquid measurement systems

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Liquid measurement systems

Most significant Standards

Other relevant standards

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Liquid measurement systems

Most significant Standards

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Liquid measurement systems

Other relevant standards

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STANDARDS RELATING TO MEASUREMENT OF PETROLEUM

Liquid measurement systems

Most significant Standards

Short summary of significant standards content