ABAP Interview Questions

What is a 'Z' report? Y or Z report refer to customized abap programs written for modules such as mm, sd, pp or fi/co etc. Can we create an ABAP program without using Y or Z? No, this is because all non Yor Z programs are standard SAP programs. 1. How data is stored in cluster table? Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries. 2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap? SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects. 3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module progams? In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.) 4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically? AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL. CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant. 5. How do you get output from IDOC? Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments. 6. When top of the page event is triggered? After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event. 7. Can we create field without data element and how? In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type. 8. How do we debug sapscript? Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on. 9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program. TCode AL21.

10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table. Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter. Following are some of the answers which I gave upto my knowledge. 1. What is the use of 'outerjoin' Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view. In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view. 2. When to use logical database? Ans. Advantage of Logical databases: less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables. Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure. 3. What is the use of 'table index'? Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables. 4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'? Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement. If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used. Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use. 5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION? Yes,Using No Screen Mode. 6. What are table buffers? Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database. Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program. With Compliments from: Pavan 1. How do I set a flag for a field in any table? Create a char field of length 1. for example field STAS-LKENZ is Deletion Indicator. It means that if the value in the field is 'X' then that record has been deleted.

2. Can I execute user exits? If yes, how? Yes you can. after finding the user exit, you need to use, goto CMOD add ur user-exit to your project. Then activate the FM which you require. Now go into that function module there will be a Include program wit name ZX* . Double click on it, it will ask to create an object, answer it Yes and then write your code in it. 3. How do I find the output type of a table or a program? Table TNAPR / NAST

1Within the TOP-OF-PAGE event the following code represents write: /1 text-001. Answer: A: A selection text. B: A basic list row. C: A page footer D: A page header Question: 2Given the two ABAP Dictioary tables below, the Customer number field in table one must contain a value from table two. The Customer number field is known as a ____. Table one: Customer number (Primary key) Company code (Primary key) Other data Table two: Customer number (Primary key) Customer name Other data Answer: A: Secondary index B: Matchcode object C: Validation field D: Foreign key

Question: 3A batch input job with two steps is processed. IMPORT/EXPORT statements are used to pass values between the steps. Step 1 contains the statements STATUS='S'. CONT = 'C'. EXPORT STATUS CONT TO MEMORY ID 'XXXX'. Step 2 contains the statements CLEAR:CONT, STATUS, FLAG. IMPORT CONT FLAG FROM MEMORY ID 'XXXX'. What do the fields SY-SUBRC, CONT and FLAG contain after the IMPORT statement have been executed? Answer: A. SY-SUBRC=4. CONT='C'. FLAG=''. B. SY-SUBRC=0. CONT='C'. FLAG=''. C. SY-SUBRC=0. CONT=''. FLAG=''. Question: 4The structure of a table has been changed in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. Which of the following adjustments in the relevant database table is correct, if you want to retain the previous data? Answer: A. Delete and recreate the database table. B. Change the database directory (ALTER TABLE) where the structure change with ALTER TABLE is supported by the database. C. Convert the table. Question: Must Exits be predefined by SAP programmers? Answer: A. No B. Yes C. Customers can determine for themselves where they want to use exits

1) What is the difference betwen abap and sap memories? Data sending between internal sessions is called abap memory using import and export parameters. Data sending between main sessions using spa/gpa ie (set /get) parameters called sap memory. 2) What is nast? nast is a message status database table. 3) How to upload logo in sapscripts? 1... create a logo using paint shop and save it as tifffile then using RSTXLDMC (is a program name) used to upload logo 2.....create a logo using paint shop and save it as bmpfile then using SE78 you can do this. 4) What are symbols explain? Symbols are constants used to save un nessessary work used in documentation 1. system symbols : example: &date& &time& etc 2. text symbols: they are defined using control statements protect...endprotect, if endif, etc 3. standard symbols : all the messages are stored in TTDTG table 4. program symbols : used in abap program example: &i_mara-matnr& &i_maraernam& 5) Difference b/w call transaction and session. Call transaction Ssession 1. synchronous updation only synchronous updation optional 2. errors can handled error log is created explicitely 3. faster slower 4. less amount of data more can transfer 5. updation takes place updation takes place during program execution once the session being created 6. Difference b/w smartforms and scripts. Script Smartforms client dependant independant not possible multiple page formats are possible compulsory without main window it can labels are used labels cannot

not generated

once session created function module

7. Errors hanling in call transaction Two ways 1)... int table decalred having structure BDCMSGCOLL it is having certain variables not texts. ie msgtyp,megid, msgnr, msgvar1, msgvar2, msgvar3, msgvar4 etc all the text messages are stored using T100 database table. 2)....int table decalred having structure BDCMSGCOLL it is having certain variables . ie msgtyp,megid, msgnr, msgvar1, msgvar2, msgvar3, msgvar4 etc by declaring function modules format_message or write_message you can handle. 8. Errors handling in session In SM35 error log is created, there you can handle. 9. Difference b/w select-options, valueranges, parameters. par----- singlevalue select-options----range and itself implicitly creates internal table value-ranges---- just for ranges 10. How to remove duplicate entries? using COLLECT or DELECT DUPLICATE ENTRIES FROM TABLENAME> 11. What are standard texts? These are predefined texts used for create change and display tcode SO10 Starting with INCLUDE These are for TERMS AND CONDITIONS . 12. What is the use of select....for all entries? Avoid nested select or inner joins uses fast processing sorting delete duplicate entries 13. What is the difference b/w exit and continue? exit----if it is in the loop comes out of the loop. ----if it is in the subroutine comes out of the routine.

----if it is in the program comes out of the preogram. continue-----unconditional jumping out of the loop. 14. What is the diffenrence b/w collect and append. collect----- checks whether it is there or not. if there adds integer, packed, float otherwise remove append-----just adding 15) What are barcodes? For security purpose Tips by : Ramana What is meant by "Matchcode"? Matchcodes are defined in two stages in Abap/4 Dictionary: 1) The revelant table and fields are stipulated in matchcode object. A matchcode object describes the set of all possible search paths for a search item. 2) One or more matchcode ID can be defined for a matchcode object. A matchcode ID describes a special search path for a search term.The fields or combination of fields via which the search is to take place is defined in the matchcode ID. 51. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why? 52. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases? ANS:To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. adv:The programmer need not worry about the primary key for each table.Because Logical database knows how the different tables relate to each other,and can issue the SELECT command with proper where clause to retrieve the data. i)An easy-to-use standard user interface. ii)check functions which check that user input is complete,correct,and plausible. iii)meaningful data selection. iv)central authorization checks for database accesses.

v)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. disadv:i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION). 53. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report? ans:AT LINE-SELECTION,AT USER-COMMAND,AT PF. 54. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used? ans:55. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP/4 query tool? 56. What are the functional areas? User groups? and how does ABAP/4 query work in relation to these? 57. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP/4 query? 59. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them? 60. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session? ans:we will look into the error log file (SM35). 61. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions? ANS:We look into the list of incorrect session and process it again. To correct incorrect session we analyize the session to determine which screen and value produced the error.For small errors in data we correct them interactively otherwise modify batch input program that has generated the session or many times even the datafile. 62. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs? ans:-

go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps(JOB SCHEDULING) 63. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run? 64. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relavent table for that? 65. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages? ans:Yes. 66. What is a currency factoring technique? 67. How do you document ABAP/4 programs? Do you use program documentation menu option? 68. What is SAPscript and layout set? ans:The tool which is used to create layout set is called SAPscript. Layout set is a design document. 69. What are the ABAP/4 commands that link to a layout set? ans:control commands,system commands, 70. What is output determination? 71. What are IDOCs? ans:IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the messages as a container. 72. What are screen painter? menu painter? Gui status? ..etc. ans:dynpro - flow logic + screens. menu painter GUI Status - It is subset of the interface elements(title bar,menu bar,standard tool bar,push buttons) used for a certain screen. The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction.

73. What is screen flow logic? What are the sections in it? Explain PAI and PBO. ans:The control statements that control the screen flow. PBO - This event is triggered before the screen is displayed. PAI - This event is responsible for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the pushbutton. 74. Overall how do you write transaction programs in SAP? ans:Create program-SE93-create transcode-Run it from command field. 75. Does SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called? 76. What are step loops? How do you program pagedown pageup in step loops? ans:step loops are repeated blocks of field in a screen. 77. Is ABAP a GUI language? ANS:Yes. ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE. 78. Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written? What is the XXXXXTOP program? ans:ABAP/4 program. DYNPRO 79. What are the include programs? ANS:When the same sequence of statements in several programs are to be written repeadly they are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in ABAP/4 programs. 80. Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program? ans:- Yes- only external subroutines Using 'SUBMIT' statement. 81. What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precations are needed?

82. What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side? 83. What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs? ANS:Should start with Y or Z. 84. How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requrements? ans:SLDB-F4. 85. How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures? ans:Transcode is entered in command field to open the table.Utilities-Table contentsdisplay. 86. How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP? ans:87. What are the different modules of SAP? ans:FI,CO,SD,MM,PP,HR. 89. How do you get help in ABAP? ans:HELP-SAP LIBRARY,by pressing F1 on a keyword. 90. What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences? ans:91. What are the different elements in layout sets? ans:PAGES,Page windows,Header,Paragraph,Character String,Windows. 92. Can you use if then else, perform ..etc statements in sap script? ans:yes. 93. What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data? 94. How do you number pages in sapscript layout outputs?

95. What takes most time in SAP script programming? ANS:LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION. 96. How do you use tab sets in layout sets? 97. How do you backup sapscript layout sets? Can you download and upload? How? 98. What are presentation and application servers in SAP? ANS:The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server. 99. In an ABAP/4 program how do you access data that exists on a presentation server vs on an application server? ans:i)using loop statements. ii)flat 100. What are different data types in ABAP/4? ans:Elementary predefined C,D,F,I,N,P,T,X. userdefined TYPES. ex: see in intel book page no 35/65 Structured predefined TABLES. userdefined Field Strings and internal tables. 101. What is difference between session method and Call Transaction? ans:102. Setting up a BDC program where you find information from? ans:103. What has to be done to the packed fields before submitting to a BDC session.

ans:fields converted into character type. 104. What is the structure of a BDC sessions. ans:BDCDATA (standard structure). 105. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table. ans:program,dynpro,dynbegin,fnam,fval. 106. What do you define in the domain and data element. Technical details like 107. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level. ans:ii)Pool tables is a logical representation of transparent tables .Hence no existence at database level. Where as transparent tables are physical tables and exist at database level. 108. What is cardinality? For cardinality one out of two (domain or data element) should be the same for Ztest1 and Ztest2 tables. M:N Cardinality specifies the number of dependent(Target) and independent (source) entities which can be in a relationship.