Modul 2 1.

Researchers isolated 5 isoenzymic forms of lactate dehydrogenase from the human blood serum and studied their properties. What property indicates that they are isoenzyme of the same enzyme? A. The same electrophoretic mobility B. Tissue localization C. The same molecular weight D. The same physicochemical properties *E. Catalyzation of the same reaction 2. A 3 year old child with symptoms of stomatitis, gingivitis and dermatitis of open skin areas was delivered to a hospital. Examination revealed inherited disturbance of neutral amino acid transporting in the bowels. These symptoms were caused by the deficiency of the following vitamin: *A. Niacin B. Pantothenic acid C. Cobalamin D. Biotin E. Vitamin A 3. As a result of posttranslative modifications some proteins taking part in blood coagulation, particularly prothrombin, become capable of calcium binding. The following vitamin takes part in this process: A. B2 B. B1 C. A D. C *E. K 4. Vitamin B1 deficiency results in disturbance of oxidative decarboxylation of ketoglutaric acid. This will disturb synthesis of the following cocnzyme: A. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) B. Lipoic acid C. Flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD) *D. Thiamine pyrophosphate E. Coenzyme A 74. A 16 year old boy after an illness has diminished function of protein synthesis in liver as a result of vitamin K deficiency. It will cause disturbance of: *A. Blood coagulation B. Anticoagulant generation

C. Erythropoietin secretion D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate E. Osmotic blood pressure 88. A doctor examined a child and revealed symptoms of rickets. Development of this desease was caused by deficiency of the following compound: A. Naphtaquinone B. Retinol C. Biotin *D. 1,25 [OH]-dichydroxycholecalciferol E. Tocopherol 100. A patient consulted a doctor about symmetric dermatitis of open skin areas. It was found out that the patient lived mostly on cereals and ate too little meat, milk and eggs. What vitamin deficiency is the most evident? *A. Nicotinamide B. Biotin C. Tocopherol D. Folic acid E. Calciferol 107. Surgical removal of a part of stomach resulted in disturbed absorption of vitamin B12 , it is excreted with feces. The patient was diagnosed with anemia. What factor is necessary for absorption of this vitamin? *A. Gastromucoprotein B. Hydrochloric acid C. Gastrin D. Folic acid E. Pepsin 130. An oncological patient was prescribed methotrexate. With the lapse of time target cells of the tumour lost susceptibility to this drug. There is change of gene expression of the folowing enzyme: A. Thiaminase B. Deaminase *C. Dehydrofolate reductase D. Folate decarboxylase E. Folate oxidase

142. A patient underwent an operation on account of gall bladder excision that resulted in obstruction of Ca absorption through the bowels wall. What vitamin will stimulate this process? A.C B. B12 *C. D3 D. K E. PP

Modul 3 1. Sarcoplasm contains a wide spectrum of glucose metabolites oxidation. Name one of them that is directly converted to a lactate: *A. Pyruvate B. Glycerophosphate C. Glucose 6-phosphate D. Oxaloacetate E. Fructose 6-phosphate 2. A patient complains of frequent diarrheas, especially after consumption of food, rich in fat, weight loss. Laboratory examination revealed steatorrhea; their feces were hypocholic. What might have caused such condition? A. lnflammation of mucous membrane of small intestine *B. Obstruction of biliary tracts C. Lack of pancreatic lipase D. Lack of pancreatic phospholipase E. Unbalanced diet 3. A patient ill with neurodermatitis has been taking prednisolone for a long time. Examination revealed high rate of sugar in his blood. This complication is caused by the drug influence upon the following link of carbohydrate metabolism: A. Activation of insulin decomposition B. Intensification of intestinal glucose absorption *C. Gluconeogenesis activation D. Glycogenogenesis activation

E. Inhibition of glycogen synthesis 4. A patient is ill with diabetes mellitus accompanied by hyperglycemia on an empty stomach (7,2 millimole/l). The hyperglycemia rate can be retrospectively estimated (over the last 4-8 weeks before the examination) on the ground of the rate of the following blood plasma protein: A.Albumin B. Ceruloplasmin C. Fibrinogen *D. Glycosylated hemoglobin E. C-reactive protein 68. A concentrated solution of sodium chloride was intravenously injected to an animal. This caused decrease in reabsorption of sodium ions in the renal tubules. It is the result of the following changes of hormonal secretion: A. Aldosterone increase B. Reduction of atrial natriuretic factor C. Vasopressin increase *D. Aldosterone reduction E. Vasopressin reduction 79. A 6 year old child was delivered to a hospital. Examination revealed that the child couldn't fix his eves, didn't keep his eyes on toys, eye ground had the cherry-red spot sign. Laboratory analyses showed that brain, liver and spleen had high level of gangliosides. What congenital disease is the child ill with? A. Wilson's syndrome B. MacArdle disease C. Niemann-Pick disease *D. Tay-Sachs disease E. Turner's syndrome 93. A patient has a decreased vasopressin synthesis that causes polyuria and as a result of it evident organism dehydratation. What is the mechanism of polyuria development? A. Reduced tubular reabsorption of protein B. Reduced tubular reabsorption of Na ions C. Reduced glucose reabsorption *D. Reduced tubular reabsorption of water E. Acceleration of glomerular filtration

102. Parents of a 10 year old boy consulted a doctor about extension of hair-covering, growth of beard and moustache, low voice. Intensified secretion of which hormone must be assumed? *A. Of testosterone B. Of somatotropin C. Of progesterone D. Of estrogen E. Of cortisol 115. During starvation muscle proteins are degraded into free amino acids. These compounds will be the most probably involved into the following process: A. Glycogenolysis B. Decarboxylation C. Gluconeogenesis in muscles *D. Gluconeogenesis in liver E. Synthesis of higher fatty acids 123. A 70 year old man is ill with vascular atherosclerosis of lower extremities and coronary heart disease. Exan1ination revealed disturbance of blood lipid composition. The main factor of atherosclerosis pathogenesis is the excess of the following lipoproteins: *A. Low-density lipoproteins B. Cholesterol C. Chylomicrons D. High-density lipoproteins E. Intermediate density lipoproteins 135. A 44 year old woman complains of general weakness, heart pain, significant increase of body weight. Objectively: moon face, hirsutism, AP is 165/100 mm Hg, height - 164 cm, weight - 103 kg; the fat is mostly accumulated on her neck, thoracic girdle, belly. What is the main pathogenetic mechanism of obesity? *A. Increased production of glucocorticoids B. Reduced glucagon production C. Increased insulin production D. Reduced production of thyroid hormones E. Increased mineralocorticoid production 191. A 3 year old child with fever was given aspirin. It resulted in intensified erythrocyte haemolysis. Hemolytic anemia might have been caused by congenital insufficiency of the following enzyme: A. Glycogen phosphorylase

*B. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase C. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase D. Glucose 6-phosphatase E. -glutamiltransferase 192. After consumption of rich food a patient has nausea and heartburn, steatorrhea. This condition might he caused by: A. Increased lipase secretion *B. Bile acid deficiency C. Amylase deficiency D. Disturbed phospholipase synthesis E. Disturbed tripsin synthesis

Modul 4 1. Labelled amino acids of alanine and tryptophane were injected to the mouse blood in order to study localization of protein synthesis in its cells. The labelled amino acids will be accumulated near the following organellas: A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum *B. Ribosomes C. Lysosomes D. Cell nucleas E. Golgi apparatus 2. A 46 year old patient applied to a doctor complaining about joint pain that becomes stronger the day before weather changes. Blood examination revealed increased concentration of uric acid. The most probable cause of the disease is the intensified catabolism of the following substance: A. Uridine triphosphate B. Thymidine monophosphate C. Uridine monophosphate *D. Adenosine monophosphate E. Cytidine monophosphate 3. A 65 year old man suffering from gout complains of kidney pain. Ultrasound examination revealed renal calculi. The most probable cause of calculi formation is the increased concentration of the following substance: *A. Uric acid

B. Cholesterol C. Bilirubin D. Urea E. Cystine 4. A cerebral trauma caused increased ammonia generation. What amino acid participates in the detoxification of ammonia from the brain? *A. Glutamic B. Lysine C. Tyrosine D. Tryptophan E. Valine It was revealed that T-lymphocytes were affected by HIV. Virus enzyme reverse transcriptase (RN A dependent DNA polymerase) - catalyzes the synthesis of: A. Viral DNA on DNA matrix B. Virus informational RNA on the matrix of DNA *C. DNA on virus ribosomal RNA D. DNA on the matrix of virus mRNA E. mRNA on the matrix of virus protein 120. Pharmacological effects of antidepressants arc connected with inhibition of an enzyme catalyzing biogenic amines noradrenaline and serotonine in the mitochondrions of cerebral neurons. What enzyme participates in this process? A. Lyase *B. Monoamine oxidase C. Transaminase D. Peptidase E. Decarboxylase 130. An oncological patient was prescribed methotrexate. With the lapse of time target cells of the tumour lost susceptibility to this drug. There is change of gene expression of the folowing enzyme: A. Thiaminase B. Deaminase *C. Dehydrofolate reductase D. Folate decarboxylase E. Folate oxidase

150. It was proved that a molecule of immature mRNA (precursor mRNA) contained more triplets than amino acids found in the synthesized protein. The reason for that is that translation is normally preceded by: *A. Processing B. Initiation C. Reparation D. Replication E. Mutation 161. It was found out that some compounds, for instance fungi toxins and some antibiotics can inhibit activity of RNA-polymerase. What process will be disturbed in a cell in case of inhibition of this enzyme? A. Reparation B. Translation *C. Transcription D. Replication E. Processing 171. Plasmic factors of blood coagulation are exposed to post-translational modification with the participation of vitamin K. It is necessary as a cofactor in the enzyme system of -carboxylation of protein factors of blood coagulation due to the increased affinity of their molecules to calcium ions. What amino acid is carboxylated in these proteins? A. Valine B. Arginine C. Phenylalanine *D. Glutamic E. Serine 187. A patient has low rate of magnesium ions that are necessary for affixion of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum. It is known that it causes disturbance of protein biosynthesis. At what stage is protein biosynthesis impaired? A. Termination *B. Translation C. Amino acid activation D. Replication E. Transcription

Modul 5 1. A patient has yellow skin, dark urine dark-yellow feces. What substance will have strengthened concentration is increased in the blood serum? A. Verdoglobin B. Conjugated bilirubin C. Biliverdin *D. Unconjugated bilirubin E. Mesobilirubin 2. A patient complains of frequent diarrheas, especially after consumption of food, rich in fat, weight loss. Laboratory examination revealed steatorrhea; their feces were hypocholic. What might have caused such condition? A. lnflammation of mucous membrane of small intestine *B. Obstruction of biliary tracts C. Lack of pancreatic lipase D. Lack of pancreatic phospholipase E. Unbalanced diet 3. A patient is ill with diabetes mellitus accompanied by hyperglycemia on an empty stomach (7,2 millimole/l). The hyperglycemia rate can be retrospectively estimated (over the last 4-8 weeks before the examination) on the ground of the rate of the following blood plasma protein: A.Albumin B. Ceruloplasmin C. Fibrinogen *D. Glycosylated hemoglobin E. C-reactive protein 4. A 38 year old patient suffers from rheumatism in its active phase. What laboratory characteristic of blood serum is of diagnostic importance in case of this pathology? A. Uric acid B. Creatinine *C. C-reactive protein D. Transferrin E. Urea 5. A patient is ill with hepatocirrhosis. State of antitoxic liver function can be characterized by examination of the following substance exreted by urine: A. Uric acid *B. Hippuric acid C. Ammonium salts D. Amino acids

E. Creatinine 6. A 56 year old patient came to a hospital with complaints about general weakness, tongue pain and burning, sensation of limb numbness. In the past he underwent resection of forestomach. In blood: Hb- 80 g/l; erythrocytes 2,0*1012/l; colour index - 1.2, leukocytes 3,5*109/l. What anemia type is it? A. Hemolytic *B. B12-folate deficient C. Aplastic D. Posthemorrhagic E. Iron-deficient 68. A concentrated solution of sodium chloride was intravenously injected to an animal. This caused decrease in reabsorption of sodium ions in the renal tubules. It is the result of the following changes of hormonal secretion: A. Aldosterone increase B. Reduction of atrial natriuretic factor C. Vasopressin increase *D. Aldosterone reduction E. Vasopressin reduction 74. A 16 year old boy after an illness has diminished function of protein synthesis in liver as a result of vitamin K deficiency. It will cause disturbance of: *A. Blood coagulation B. Anticoagulant generation C. Erythropoietin secretion D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate E. Osmotic blood pressure 105. A patient being treated for viral hepatitis type B got symptoms of hepatic insufficiency. What blood changes indicative of protein metabolism disorder will be observed in this case? A. Absolute hyperfibrinogenemia B. Absolute hyperalbuminemia *C. Absolute hypoalbuminemia D. Blood proteine composition is unchanged E. Absolute hyperglobulinemia 116. A 62 year woman complains of frequent pain attacks in the area of her chest and backbone, rib fractures. Her doctor suspected myeloma (plasmocytoma). What of the following laboratory characteristics will be of the greatest diagnostic importance?

A. Hypoproteinemia B. Hyperalbuminemia C. Hypoglobulinemia *D. Paraproteinemia E. Proteinuria 122. Examination of a man who had been working hard under higher temperature of the environment revealed abnormal quantity of blood plasma proteins. What phenomenon is the case? A. Absolute hyperproteinemia B. Paraproteinemia *C. Relative hyperproteinemia D. Absolute hypoproteinemia E. Dysproteinemia 174. A patient came to the hospital complaining about quick fatigability and apparent muscle weakness. Examination revealed an autoimmune disease that causes disorder of functional receptor condition in neuromuscular synapses. What transmitter will be blocked? A. Noradrenalin B. Serotonin C. Glyeine D. Dopamine *E. Acetylcholine 179. A 20 year old patient complains of general weakness, dizziness, quick fatigability. Blood analysis results: Hb- 80 g/l. Microscopical examination results erythrocytes are of modified form. This condition might be caused by: A. Obturative jaundice B. Acute intermittent porphyria *C. Sickle-cell anemia D. Addison's disease E. Hepatocellular jaundice 192. After consumption of rich food a patient has nausea and heartburn, steatorrhea. This condition might he caused by: A. Increased lipase secretion *B. Bile acid deficiency C. Amylase deficiency

D. Disturbed phospholipase synthesis E. Disturbed tripsin synthesis