USE OF MICROSCOPE

Name : Tan Geok Bee Matric No. : 11C16019 Course : Pre-medic Russia Lecturer Name: Cik. Wan Farahiyah Adilah bt Wan Mohamad Date: 30.08.2011

TITLE Use of microscope.

OBJECTIVE To familiarize with certain properties of microscope components.

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS Microscope Glass slides and cover slips Eye dropper Newspaper Scissors

INTRODUCTION To be able to exploit the potential power of microscope, it is essential to thoroughly understand its mode preparation and to practise setting up the microscope regularly. Keep the microscope at least six inches from the edge of your laboratory table and do not allow chemicals to come in contact with any part of the instrument.

METHODS 1. A glass slide and cover slip is cleaned and a drop of water is placed on the slide. 2. Next, a series of letters is cut from the newspaper provided. A letter e is included. 3. The letters are placed into the drop of water. The preparation is covered with a cover slip and the number of air bubbles is make sure to be minimized. 4. The letter e is examined and its sketch is made. 5. The preparation is examined under the low power and high power objective.

QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. What is the total magnification obtainable with the low-power objective? What is the total magnification obtained with the oil immersion lens? Explain why it is necessary to use immersion oil with the 100 objective lens. What happened to the original orientation of the letter e when the slide was moved a. side to side b. up and down 5. Give the function of the microscope components below: a. Ocular lens b. Condenser c. Iris diaphragm lever d. Fine adjustment knob

ANSWER 1. Total magnification will be ocular magnification multipled by the objective magnification. So, 10 x 4 = 400 2. The oil immersion lens has power 90X-100X and the ocular magnification in light microscope comes with 10X so total magnification of oil immersion lens is 100X10 = 1000 3. The purpose to use oil is to make it clear in the microscope. Oil is the quintessential tool to make oil immersion magnification possible. Oil has the same refractive index as glass, therefore the light is not bent by the air that would otherwise be in the oil's place. 4. a. When the slide was moved to the right, the letter e moved to the left. When the slide was moved to the left, the letter e moved to the right. b. When the slide was moved up, the letter e moved down. When the slide was moved down, the letter e moved up. 5. a. Ocular lens is lens at the top that we used to look through. They are usually 10X or 15X power. b. Condenser is used to focus the light onto the specimen. c. Iris diaphragm lever is used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light that is projected upward into the slide. d. Fine adjustment knob is concentric with the coarse focus knob. It allows for fine adjustment of the focus. Because the objective lenses are parfocal, this knob is all that is required to bring a subject into focus when switching from one objective to another.

DISCUSSION Total magnification = Ocular power X Objective power The objective lens is, at its simplest, a very high powered magnifying glass i.e. a lens with a very short focal length. This is brought very close to the specimen being examined so that the light from the specimen comes to a focus inside the microscope tube. This creates an enlarged image of the subject. This image is inverted and can be seen by removing the eyepiece and placing a piece of tracing paper over the end of the tube.

CONCLUSION A microscope is an instrument widely to magnify and resolve the image of an object that is otherwise invisible to naked eye. The image observes by using microscope is always inverted because of reflection.