ABSTRAK

Air minum merupakan kebutuhan manusia yang paling penting, agar tetap sehat air minum harus memenuhi persyaratan fisik, kimia dan biologi sesuai dengan KEPMENKES RI/No. 907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002. Air tawar bersih untuk air minum semakin langka di perkotaan. Air tanah sudah tidak aman untuk dijadikan air minum karena telah terkontaminasi oleh rembesan septik tank, maupun air permukaan buangan limbah industri dan rumah tangga. Hal ini yang menjadi alasan mengapa air minum isi ulang menjadi pilihan masyarakat untuk dikonsumsi dengan harga yang murah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya penggunaan air minum isi ulang oleh masyarakat di Kota Medan walaupun air tesebut telah banyak tercemar bakteri seperti dalam penelitian terdahulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana higiene sanitasi dan kualitas air minum di depot AMIU di Kota Medan. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik dengan metode survey, rancangan cross sectional. Populasi adalah semua depot air minum yang menggunakan sumber air baku mata air pegunungan sejumlah 90 depot (data Disperindag), sampel air diambil sejumlah 30 depot dari tiga lokasi pengambilan air baku dengan parameter fisik, kimia dan biologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air dengan parameter fisik (warna, bau, kekeruhan, suhu, TDS) dan kimia (pH dan kadar besi) dari sumber air baku, air dari mobil tanki, air dari mesin pengolahan dan air dari galon memiliki kualitas yang masih memenuhi syarat kualitas air minum, namun untuk parameter mikrobiologi ditemukan cemaran pada air dari sumber air baku, dan air dari mobil tanki. Ada 5 depot yang tercemar bakteri koli pada sampel air dari galon. Berdasarkan uji statistik tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara parameter kualitas air pada sampel air dari mobil tanki, air dari mesin pengolahan dan air dari galon dari semua parameter kualitas air. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara higiene sanitasi dan kualitas mikrobiologi Disarankan pada pengelola depot agar menerapkan higiene sanitasi sesuai dengan pedoman penyelenggaran depot serta memeriksakan kualitas air secara rutin Pihak instansi yang terkait agar memberikan pengawasan pada depot sehingga kualitas air minum di depot dapat terjaga.

Kata Kunci: Higiene Sanitasi, Kualitas Air, Depot.

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ABSTRACT

Drinking water is the most important need for human being. In order to remain healthy, drinking water must meet the physical, chemical, and biological requirements set in the Regulation of Minister of Health, the Republic of Indonesia No. 907/MENKES/2002. Clean plain water for drinking is increasingly rare in urban area. Ground water is not safe for drinking because it has been contaminated by the leak of septic tanks or the industrial and household liquid waste. Therefore the inexpensive refilled drinking water is chosen by the community to be consumed. This study is initiated by the great amount of refilled drinking water consumed by the communities of Medan although the water has been much contaminated by the bacteria as revealed in the previous studies. The purpose of this analytical descriptive survey study with cross-sectional design is to analyze the hygiene of sanitation and quality of drinking water in the AMIU depot in Medan. The population of this study were all of the 90 drinking water depots whose sources of raw materials (water) are the springs in the mountainous area, and 30 depots from different water resource locations were selected to be the samples for this study. The result of study shows that the quality of water tested with physical parameters (color, smell, muddiness, temprature, TDS) and chemical parameters (pH and level of iron), from the water resources, the tank trucks, the processor, and from the containers still meets the requirements set for the drinking water quality, but based on the microbiological parameters, pollution is still found in the water from the raw water resourcers and from the tank trucks. There were 5 (five) depots whose water sample from the conainers were polluted by Coli-bacteria. The result of statistic test shows that there was no significant difference between the parameter of water quality for the sample water taken either from the tank trucks, from the processors, or from the containers. There was a significant relationship between the hygiene of sanitation and microbiological quality. The depot managers are suggested to apply the hygiene of sanitation in accordance with the guidance of depot management and to routinely examine the quality of water and the related agencies are expected to control and supervise the depots to maintain the drinking water quality.

Keywords: Sanitation Hygiene, Water Quality, Depot.

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