Assessment of Burden of NCD Assessment of Burden of NCDs Updated

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Dr. M. Gauri Devi, Senior Consultant, Department of Neurology, Gangaram Hospital, Delhi
Dr. Satish Kumar, Faculty in Environment Health, Institute of Health Systems, Hyderabad
Dr. G.K.Rath Professor and Head, Department of Radiology, AIIMS, Delhi
Dr. K.S.Reddy, Professor and Head, Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, Delhi
Dr. Padam Singh, Ex-Addl DG, ICMR, Delhi
Dr. Nikhil Tandon, Addl Professor, Department of Endocrinology, AIIMS, Delhi
Dr. Cherian Verghese, NPO (SCN), WHO (WR) Office, INDIA
Dr. B.B.Yeole, Population Based Cancer Registry, Mumbai
CONTENTS
Pages
1
Introduction
Material and methods
2-4
Ischaemic Heart Disease
5-10
Stroke
11-13
Diabetes
14-16
Cancer
17-23
Hypertension
24-26
Tobacco Use
27-32
Discussion
33-35
Bibliography
36-43
Tables on estimation of demographic/

input parameters (A1-A29)
44-69
DISMOD analysis of IHD data
70-81
DISMOD analysis of Stroke data
82-87
DISMOD analysis of Diabetes data
88-91
DISMOD analysis of Cancer data
92-152
Data Extraction forms
153-154
Appendix I
Appendix II
Non-communicable
diseases
(NCD)
are
of oral cancers in India are directly related to tobacco

use. In fact, India ranks third among major tobacco
producers of the world, and most of it is consumed
within the country.
Until a few decades ago, it was generally thought that
diabetes mellitus was a problem primarily in developed
countries. With changing life styles and dietary habits,
diabetes mellitus has emerged as an important public
health problem in our country also. It is estimated that
by 2025, there will be almost 70% increase in the
number of cases of diabetes in developing countries.
Moreover, while majority of diabetics in developed
countries are 65 years and older, most diabetics in our
country are between 45 and 65 years of age the
more economically productive age group.
now
recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality.

World Health Report 2001 has indicated that noncommunicable diseases accounted for nearly 60% of
deaths and 46% of the global burden of diseases.
75% of the total deaths due to NCDs occur in
developing countries. The rapidly growing epidemic of
non-communicable diseases is clearly related to
changes in life styles. These changes include risks that
are more commonly associated with wealthy societies,
such as high blood pressure and high blood
cholesterol, tobacco and excessive alcohol
consumption, obesity and physical inactivity. While
these risks and the diseases linked to them, have high
prevalence in middle and high-income countries, these
are now becoming more prevalent in the developing
world where they create a double burden on top of the
infectious diseases that still afflict the developing
countries. Overweight, obesity and physical inactivity
have become important determinants of health in
urban India as they lead to adverse metabolic
changes, including increase in blood pressure,
unfavorable cholesterol levels and increased
resistance to insulin. They raise the risks of coronary
heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus and many
forms of cancer. With increasing life expectancies and
marked changes in life styles, the past two decades
have seen sharp increase in cardiovascular and
cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension and
cancers. It is important to make quantitative
assessment of burden of these non-communicable
diseases.
With this scenario of the health situation, it is important

to study the burden of non-communicable diseases
using Indian data to know the real dimensions of the
problem and work towards preventive measures. This
will help in strengthening the scientific and empirical
basis of planning sound strategies to manage risk
uncertainties and for consideration of ethical and other
issues.
The present study was undertaken for selected NCDs
viz. I.H.D., stroke, cancer, diabetes and two important
risk factors, hypertension and tobacco use. The
specific objectives of the study are as follows:
During the last two decades, while mortality due to

cardiovascular diseases has steadily declined in
developed countries, it has increased in the developing
world.
a.
To assess the burden of selected NCDs.
b.
Risk Assessment: To gather information on

prevalence and Relative risk from available
epidemiological studies, and to estimate the
burden attributable to each selected risk factor.
The project report has been organized in three parts.

First part describes objectives, methods, and results
and contains only the summary tables while all other
tables are given in appendices. The second part is
Appendix, A which contains tables on estimation of
demographic and other input parameters. The third
part is Appendix B which contains tables of DISMOD
analysis
The increase in these diseases is expected to continue

in most countries of our region. In fact in developing
countries where life expectancy is over 60 years,
cardiovascular diseases are already a leading cause
of mortality. With improvements in life expectancies,
the mortality from cancer is expected to increase
substantially in the developing world. It is estimated
that by 2015, two thirds of all cancer cases will occur in
developing countries. Tobacco, which is widely used
in India, is a major cause of cancer. A large proportion
variables. It combines the analytical solution

with a loss function. An optimization method
(DOWNHILL
SIMPLEX
METHOD)
then
minimizes the difference between the calculated
variables and the input variables by making
informed guesses about the values of the
transition hazards. The loss function approach
gets around the problems of inconsistent input
and if input variables are not internally
consistent, DISMOD produces a solution that
tries to find the middle ground. By modifying the
input variables, the user can shift this solution
towards the input variables that seem most
valid.
Burden of disease can be assessed through a

number of epidemiological parameters such as
incidence,
prevalence,
disease
specific
mortality, and disability caused by the disease.
The Global Burden of Disease study conducted
by WHO, World Bank and the Harvard School of
Public Health in 1990s further developed
sophisticated epidemiological parameters like
YLD (years of life lived with disability) and
DALY, which combines information on
morbidity, mortality and disability to provide a
composite index of burden of disease.
However data on incidence, prevalence, and
disease specific mortality are frequently
incomplete, not very reliable, or are altogether
lacking in many countries including India. When
it is not possible to gather all the required
epidemiological data, additional methods of
assessing disease epidemiology can be used.
Additional information can be derived from the
logical relations between variables that describe
a disease. These logical relations can be
expressed as a formal model of a generic
disease process. Such a formal disease model
allows calculation of a complete and internally
consistent description of disease epidemiology
from partial data.
An important new feature of DISMOD II is to

allow for a wider range of disease input than the
three transition hazards used in DISMOD I
(incidence, remission and case fatality). In
particular, prevalence and disease specific
mortality could be potential inputs in the new
model. The analytic solution of the differential
equations is preferred over a numerical one.
The downhill simplex optimization procedure
adjusts the values of input variables such that
they are internally consistent while staying as
close as possible to the original value. In
addition to the disease input variables, DISMOD
II needs total mortality rates and population
number for the population under study. All
variables are by age, and calculations are done
separately for men and women.
The project was implemented using already
available data in the country. The main steps
involved in implementation of project were as
follows:
Disease model
The DISMOD disease model assumes that
there are two causes of death: from the disease
under study and from all other causes, which
are assumed to be independent. Under this
assumption the disease model is completely
determined by the three transition hazards
Incidence, remission, and case fatality.
However for non-communicable diseases,
information on remission are difficult to obtain.
DISMOD II is useful in situations when input
variables like prevalence are known. When
values for the three hazards are entered in
DISMOD II, the program inserts these values in
the equations, calculates the epidemiologic
variables and compares them with the input
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Collection of baseline demographic data.

Review of the published and unpublished
epidemiological available data.
Evaluation of the best available studies
that
provide
information
for
the
epidemiological indicators. Creation of first
set of estimates internally consistent
epidemiological estimates.
SOURCES OF DATA
Cause of death
Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCD)
data was used in the present study. The
scheme on Medical Certification of Cause of
Death has been introduced in India in a phased
manner under sections 10(2) and 10(3) of the
Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969.
The necessary data are collected in the
prescribed form as filled in by hospitals. A
separate form is also prescribed for noninstitutional deaths, which are attended by the
medical practitioners. Both these forms are
almost identical. Qualified physicians attending
the deceased during his or her terminal illness
fill the forms. The cause of death has been
defined in MCCD scheme as a disease,
abnormality, injury or poisoning that contributed
directly or indirectly to death, or the
circumstances of the accident or violence which
produced the fatal injury. For tabulation of
mortality data, underlying cause of death has
been considered as the main cause of death.
The ICD-9 list as modified by CBHI has been
adopted as national list for tabulation of mortality
data.
The coverage of MCCD scheme is not uniform
in all States. Some of the States have notified
only teaching and specialized hospitals whereas
in some others; only district hospitals and
Primary Health Centres (PHCs) have been
notified under the scheme. Some of the states
have implemented MCCD scheme in a few
private hospitals also. However the office of
Registrar General of India has decided to cover
all government hospitals, private hospitals,
nursing homes, private medical practitioners etc.
in all rural and urban areas under MCCD
scheme henceforth.
In 1998, the MCCD
scheme report covers 3096 hospitals 2129
from urban areas and 967 from rural areas.
These cover 14.9% of all registered deaths in
the country and 41.3% of all urban registered
deaths. It has been found that domiciliary
deaths were also medically certified in large
numbers in some States such as Arunachal
Pradesh, Goa, Tripura, Delhi and Lakshadweep.
The data sources for disease specific mortality

rates included (a) Medically certified Cause of
Death data, (b) Survey of cause of death
rural, (c) Cancer Registries data, (d) published
review articles.
Population projections and all cause

mortality rates
The Sample Registration System (SRS) is the
main source of information on fertility and
mortality in India.
The SRS mechanism
involves collection of data through two
independent methods, viz., continuous
enumeration and retrospective surveys
followed by a process of matching of the two
records and field verification of the unmatched
and partially matched events. This process
ensures a crosscheck of the correctness and
completeness of the recording of births and
deaths from the two methods. The Office of
Registrar General of India published a
compendium of Indias Fertility and Mortality
Indicators (1971-1997). This was the source
of data on all causes mortality rates by age
groups and sex. With the availability of the
age-sex distribution of population data from
census and the levels and trends in fertility
and mortality revealed from the SRS, the
population projections for 1996-2016 were
published by office of Registrar General of
India in 1996. These population projections
have been used in present study.
Disease morbidity
Information on epidemiology of selected NCDs
and risk factors was collected by literature
search through MEDLINE, manual search and
consultation with experts. A data extraction
form was developed and used to collect
information from published articles. The dataextraction form contained following items of
information: geographical area/place of study,
urban/rural, sampling design and sample size,
diagnostic criterion, age groups included,
prevalence/incidence rates, outcome of
disease
well designed studies carried out on adequate

sample size and with clearly defined diagnostic
criterion were small in number. In case of stroke,
studies from 1985 on-wards were included due
limited number of community-based studies on
stroke available in the country. Information on
case fatality rates and other outcome
parameters was obtained from hospital based
longitudinal studies. Data from six population
based cancer registries of ICMR was used for
assessment of BOD for cancer.
(in longitudinal studies), risk factors, details of

publication.
The information on prevalence and incidence
was obtained from community-based studies.
Most of the community-based studies were
cross-sectional surveys that could provide data
on prevalence rates but not on incidence rates.
As the data on disease specific mortality (from
MCCD scheme) and all cause mortality from
reports of the Office of Registrar General of
India was available up to 1998, it was at first
decided to use prevalence data for 1994 2002
(with 1998 as mid point). However, later on it
was decided to use data of studies from 1990
on-wards due to the reason that the number of
The break up of research material reviewed and

finally used in the assessment of burden of
selected NCDs and risk factors is given in table 1.
Table 1. Published / unpublished material reviewed and used for estimation of burden of
selected non-communicable diseases
Number of articles reviewed
Number of articles used
Published research articles
180
180
Published reports
10
10
Unpublished reports
Personal Communications
National Workshop on B.O.D
National Workshop on B.O.D
Consultations
Ischaemic
Observations and results
heart disease (IHD) is the leading
cause of death in economically developed

countries and is rapidly assuming serious
dimensions in developing countries. It is expected
to be the single most important cause of death in
India by the year 2015 A.D. There is a steep
increase in prevalence of IHD in urban areas in
India. The prevalence rates were as low as
1.04% (Padmavati, 1962) in Delhi and 1.05%
(Mathur, K.S.) in Agra in early 1960s. In 1975,
Gupta,S.P. reported prevalence of 3.63% in urban
areas of Rohtak. The prevalence of IHD has
increased considerably during last decade,
especially in urban areas. Although there is
increase in prevalence of the disease in rural
areas also, but it is not that steep because life
style changes have affected people in urban
areas more than in rural areas.
The studies with comparable diagnostic criteria

carried out during 1990s and upto 2002 were
used to carry out meta-analysis to obtain
weighted average of prevalence rates of IHD in
the country. Inverse variance method was used
to obtain pooled estimates of prevalence rates
from the selected studies. The prevalence rates
were combined to obtain pooled estimates by
calculating weighted average of prevalence
rates from the individual studies.
Thus if Pi , i=1,2.. is the prevalence rate for the
ith study and wi is the weight assigned for the ith
study then the weighted prevalence rates is
defined
Pi w
wi
where wi=
1
s2i
Thus larger studies, which have smaller

standard errors, are given more weight than
smaller studies that have larger standard errors.
This choice of weights minimizes the variability
of the pooled estimate of prevalence rates. This
approach is widely applicable, and can be used
to combine any estimates that have standard
errors available. Meta-analysis was carried out
separately for studies in urban areas and in
rural areas.
Similarly, separate pooled
estimates of prevalence rates were obtained for
males and females from urban and rural areas.
The present study used the results of studies

carried out in 1990s and upto the year 2002. The
research studies were selected for assessment of
burden of disease based on following criteria: (1)
The information on following parameters should
be available from the study; age and sex wise
break up of cases and the total study sample,
details of sampling design, sample size and place
of study; (2) Only those studies were included
which have given clear description of diagnostic
criteria used in the investigation.
The diagnostic criteria described as follows were
considered necessary for selecting the study: (a)
history of documented angina or infarction and
previously diagnosed CHD, (b) affirmative
response to Rose Questionnaire, (c) ECG
changes namely Minnesota codes 1-1, 4-1, 5-9,
5-2 or 9-2. As the criteria based on history may
result in over diagnosis or under diagnosis
because of poor interpretation of symptoms, the
diagnosis of IHD was also confirmed on the basis
of ECG findings (ST, R, Q wave changes or Q
wave changes only).
The data are presented in tables 2 to 4. The

pooled estimates of prevalence rates for urban
and rural areas were found to be 6.4% and 2.5%
respectively. In urban areas, the pooled estimate
of prevalence rate was 6.1% for males and 6.7%
for females. In rural areas the pooled estimate for
prevalence rate was 2.1% for males and 2.7% for
females. Age specific prevalence rates of IHD
among males and females were obtained by
pooling the data of five studies that were included
in the present investigation. This was analyzed
separately for urban and rural areas. The pooled
estimates of age specific prevalence rates derived
In addition, inputs were also provided on all

causes mortality rates and age-sex wise break up
of total population. The input data for urban areas
are presented in Tables B1 and B2 for males and
females respectively. Similarly input data for rural
areas are presented in Tables B6 and B7 for
males and females respectively.
DISMOD
analysis generates consistent estimates of various
epidemiological parameters. These are presented
for IHD in Tables B3 and B4 for males and
females in urban areas. For rural areas the
consistent estimate of epidemiological parameters
obtained using DISMOD analysis are shown in
Tables B-8 and B-9 for males and females
respectively.
These consistent estimators of
epidemiological parameters were subsequently
used to obtain estimates of YLD, YLL and DALY.
from the selected studies are given in table 5.

These age and sex specific prevalence rates of
the diseases were used as input for DISMOD
analysis.
All cause mortality rates and population
distribution by age and sex were obtained from
publications of Office of Registrar General of
India. In the present investigation, IHD specific
mortality rates were estimated using MCCD data
for urban areas. As regards rural areas, data on
mortality are available from survey of cause of
death rural. This survey is carried out by lay
field investigators who use a structured
questionnaire to obtain information on signs and
symptoms and circumstances of death from the
family members. The data is tabulated by broad
cause groups. It is not expected that this survey
would be able to provide disease specific data as
per ICD codes.
However, the information
tabulated on broad cause groups was utilized.
According to SCD-rural (1997), 12.1% of total
deaths in rural areas are attributable to diseases
of circulatory system. According to the MCCD
data, 25.1% of total deaths in urban areas are
attributable to diseases of the circulatory system.
Therefore it was assumed that mortality rates due
to IHD (which forms an important disease entity
among the diseases of circulatory system) in rural
areas are expected to be half of IHD specific
mortality rates in urban areas. The age and sex
wise mortality rates due to IHD in urban areas
were derived from MCCD data. For rural areas,
these rates were weighted by a factor of 0.5. The
estimation of IHD specific death rates is shown in
tables A4 A5. The estimates of case fatality
rates for IHD are given in Appendix A6.
The estimates of YLD, YLL, and DALY are shown

in Appendix B5 for urban areas, and in Appendix
B10 for rural areas. A summary of indices of
burden of diseases for IHD in India is presented in
table 6. This table gives prevalence rates per
thousand population aged 20+ years, IHD specific
mortality per thousand, YLL per hundred thousand
and DALY per hundred thousand populations for
urban and rural areas. The projections of burden
of disease due to IHD in India for the years 1998
and 2004 are given in table 7. This table gives
the total number of cases of IHD, total number of
YLL and total number of DALY due to IHD in the
country. The number of cases of IHD is estimated
to be about 22.37 million in India in the year 2004.
These consist of 11.67 million cases in urban
areas and 10.67 million cases in rural areas. The
total number of DALYs attributable to IHD is
estimated to be 16 million in India in the year
2004.
Burden of disease
The DISMOD analysis requires input on at least
three parameters. The input was provided on
following three parameters: prevalence rates,
disease specific mortality rates, case fatality rates.
Table 2. Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on Ischemic Heart Disease

Investigator
Sample Size
Age group
PR/1000
(Males +females)
URBAN AREAS
S.L.Chadha et al (1990)
13724
25-64
77.97
V.Mohan et al (2001)*
1175
25-64
40.00
R.Gupta et al (2002)
1123
20+
81.92
ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi
3019
35-64
76.82
ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore
2649
30-60
40.01
Weighted prevalence rate
64.37
RURAL AREAS
3148
20+
35.00
3375
25-64
17.48
ICMR study (1989-94) Delhi
2434
35-64
53.41
4693
30-60
15.13
25.27
(* Subjects with T- wave changes only were not considered as cases since they may not have coronary artery
disease but could have left ventricular hypertrophy or other non-specific causes)
Table 3. Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on Ischemic Heart Disease among urban population
Investigator
Sample Size
Age group
PR/1000
MALES
6372
25-64
73.44
V.Mohan et al (2001)
518
25-64
42.47
550
20+
61.80
1438
35-64
78.00
1149
30-60
37.40
Weighted prevalence rates
60.98
FEMALES
7352
25-64
81.88
V.Mohan et al (2001)
657
25-64
38.05
573
20+
101.20
1581
35-64
76.00
1500
30-60
42.00
67.01
Table 4.Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on Ischemic Heart Disease among rural population
Investigator
Sample Size
Age group
PR/1000
MALES
1982
20+
34.00
1214
25-64
7.41
1049
35-64
50.00
2059
30-60
15.10
20.82
FEMALES
1166
20+
37.00
2161
25-64
23.13
1385
35-64
56.00
2634
30-60
15.20
27.33
Figure 1. Weighted average of prevalence rates of IHD in India

70
67.01
64.37
60.98
60
Prevalence rate per 1000
Urban
50
Rural
40
27.33
30
25.27
20.82
20
10
0
Male
Female
Total
Table 5. Age-specific prevalence rates estimated from the studies selected for DISMOD Analysis
Urban
Age
group
Male
No. of
cases
1
PR/1000
20-24
Sample
Size
125
Female
No. of
cases
1
PR/1000
8.00
Sample
Size
147
25-29
1374
27
19.65
1677
44
26.24
30-34
1584
27
17.05
2091
48
22.96
35-39
1459
63
43.18
1796
87
48.44
40-44
1418
67
47.25
1549
102
65.85
45-49
1093
91
83.26
1234
130
105.35
50-54
1053
98
93.07
1162
130
111.88
55-59
985
160
162.44
1054
161
152.75
60+
835
145
173.65
941
165
175.35
PR/1000
17.54
Sample
Size
191
Female
No. of
cases
2
PR/1000
20-24
Sample
Size
285
Male
No. of
cases
5
25-29
512
13.67
624
14.42
30-34
888
11
12.39
1302
14
10.75
35-39
1011
19
18.79
1376
22
15.99
40-44
836
15
17.94
1033
24
23.23
45-49
724
15
20.72
954
37
38.78
50-54
675
21
31.11
722
36
49.86
55-59
937
25
26.68
825
42
50.91
60+
591
42
71.07
519
35
67.44
6.80
Rural
Age
group
10.47
Table 6. Indices for estimation of burden of I.H.D

Indices
Urban
Rural
64.37
25.27
0.8
0.4
YLL / 100,000
728.7
351.5
DALY / 100,000
2703.4
986.2
Prevalence rate/1000 (age

+20 years)
Death rate/1000
Prevalence rate (Urban + Rural) = 64.37(0.3) + 25.27(0.7) = 37.0 per 1000
Table 7. Burden of I.H.D in India

Urban
9,210,381
1998
Rural
9,390,559
Total
18,600,940
Urban
11,674,208
207,548
256,014
463,562
255,782
298,412
554,194
No. of YLLs
1,991,451
2,470,149
4,461,600
2,329,851
2,622,299
4,952,150
No.of DALYs
7,388,453
6,930,974
14,319,427
8,643,450
7,357,358 16,000,808
Year
No. of cases of
I.H.D
No. of deaths
due to I.H.D
2004
Rural
Total
10,693,632 22,367,840
Figure 2. Burden of IHD in India (2004)
0.55
Deaths
4.95
YLL
16.00
DALYs
22.37
Cases
10
15
No. in millions
10
20
25
Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity
and mortality.
It is the acute severe
manifestation of cerebro-vascular disease.
WHO defined stroke as rapidly developed
clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral
function, lasting more than 24 hrs or leading to
death, with no apparent cause other than
vascular origin. The 24 hours threshold in the
definition excludes transient ischaemic attacks (TIA).
A number of well-designed prevalence studies

of stroke carried out on adequate sample size,
as identified through literature search, are given
in table 8. These studies were carried out from
1980s to year 2001, and include studies from
South India (Gourie Devi et al., 1987), eastern
part of India (Bannerje T.K. et al, 2001 ; Das
and Sanyal, 1996) and North India ( Kapoor and
Banerjee, 1989 ; Koul et al, 1990 ; Dhamija et
al, 1998).
Meta-analysis of these studies
yielded weighted average of prevalence rates as
1.54/1000. Inverse variance method for deriving
weighted average was used.
Thus larger
studies which have smaller standard errors, are
given more weight than smaller studies, which
have larger standard errors. This choice of
weight minimizes the variability of the pooled
estimate of prevalence rate.
The disturbance of cerebral function is caused

by 3 morphological abnormalities, i.e. stenosis,
occlusion or rupture of the arteries. Dysfunction
of the brain (neurological deficit) manifests itself
by various neurological signs and symptoms
that are related to the extent and site of the area
involved and to the underlying causes. These
include
coma,
hemiplegia,
paraplegia,
monoplegia,
multiple
paralysis,
speech
disturbances-craniel nerve paresis, nerve
paresis sensory impairment, etc.
Age and sex wise distribution of cases and

study population was available only from a few
studies. This distribution has been given as
required (for input in DISMOD analysis) in the
latest available study (Banerjee et al, 2001). The
age and sex distribution of stroke cases as
given in this paper was used as input in
DISMOD analysis. It may also be seen that the
prevalence rate of stroke reported by this study
(1.47 per thousand) is very close to the
weighted average of prevalence rates of all the
seven studies (1.54 per thousand) given in table 9.
Hemiplegia
constitutes
the
main
somatoneurological disorder in about 90% of the
patients. Stroke is a worldwide health problem.
It makes an important contribution to morbidity,
mortality and disability in developed as well as
developing countries.
Cerebral thrombosis is the most frequent form of
stroke encountered in clinical studies, followed
by haemorrhage. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
and cerebral embolism come next as regards
both morbidity and mortality.
The MCCD data has tabulated deaths due to

diseases of the nervous system into following
categories; (i) meningitis, (ii) multiple sclerosis,
(iii) epilepsy, (iv) all other diseases of nervous
system. The deaths due to stroke are included
among all other diseases of nervous system and
these have not been tabulated separately.
Therefore, help was taken from published
review studies to obtain approximate estimates
of number of deaths due to stroke. An estimate
of stroke mortality rate in India as 73 per lakh
population has been reported among others by
Barucha, N.E. and Kuruvilla,T. (1999). World
Although the prevalence of stroke appears to be

comparatively less in India than in developed
countries, it is likely to increase proportionally
with the increase in life expectancy.
The
proportion of strokes in the young is significantly
more in India than in developed countries; some
of the more important causes for this are likely
to be rheumatic heart disease, ischaemic
strokes in peripartum period and arteriopathies
as a sequale of CNS infections like bacterial and
tuberculosis, meningitis and meningitis vascular syphilis.
11
analysis of data for stroke. The consistent

estimates of epidemiological parameters were
obtained by DISMOD analysis. These are given
in Tables B13 and B14 for males and females
respectively. These were used as input for
computation of YLD, YLL and DALY. These
estimates are shown in Appendix B15.
Bank WHO Burden of Disease Study for

stroke mortality in India, has also used this
estimate. In the present investigation the total
number of deaths due to stroke were worked out
using this estimate.
The total number of deaths due to stroke were
distributed in age and sex wise break up
according to the distribution given by MCCD
data for deaths due to all other diseases of the
nervous system. The stroke specific mortality
rates in population (1998) were worked out as
shown in Appendix A7 A8. The case fatality
rates for stroke were worked out as shown in
Appendix A9.
A summary of indices of burden of disease for

stroke in India is given in table 10. The
prevalence rate of stroke is 1.54 per thousand.
The figures for YLL per hundred thousand are
496.3, and DALY per hundred thousand is
597.6.
Projections of burden of disease due to stroke in
India for the years 1998 and 2004 are given in
table 11. The total number of stroke cases in
India in year 2004 is expected to be 9.3 lakh.
The total number of DALYs attributable to stroke
are estimated to be 6.37 million for the year
2004 in India.
Burden of disease
The prevalence rates, stroke specific mortality
rates, case fatality rates, all cause mortality
rates, and age distribution of population (1998)
were given as an input (as shown in Tables B11
for males and B12 for females) for DISMOD
Table 8. Meta analysis of epidemiological studies on stroke in India

Sample Size
Age group
PR/1000
(Males+ females)
R.K. Dhamija et al (1997)
24949
20+
0.92
T.K.Banerjee et al (2001)
50293
All ages
1.47
R.Koul et al (1990)
37226
15+
2.44
Gouri Devi et al (1987) Urban
18618
20+
1.18
Gouri Devi et al (1987) Rural
8160
20+
0.98
Kapoor & Banerjee et al (1985)
26450
15+
1.62
Das & Sanyal et al (1989-90)
17526
20+
2.68
Investigator
1.54
Table 9. Indices for estimation of Burden of Stroke

Prevalence rate /1000
(age 20+years)
1.54
Death rate / 1000
0.6
YLL /100,000
496.3
DALY / 100,000
597.6
12
Table 10. Burden of Stroke in India

1998
2004
No. of cases of stroke
7,92,628
9,30,985
No. of deaths
5,93,362
6,39,455
No. of YLL
48,18,740
52,89,357
No. of DALY
58,02,295
63,68,970
Figure 3. Burden of Stroke in India (2004)
0.63
No. of deaths
5.28
No. of YLL
6.36
No.of DALY
0.93
No. of cases
0
4
Millions
13
Diabetes
mellitus
has
reached
diabetes is available from some retrospective

hospital based studies. Zargar, AH et al (1999)
have reported infections as major cause of
death in diabetics followed by renal failure,
coronary artery disease,
cerebrovascular
disease and others in that order. Bhansali, A et
al (2003) have also reported infections as
number one cause of death in diabetics followed
by coronary artery disease, renal failure,
cerebrovascular disease and others in
decreasing order.
epidemic
proportions worldwide as we enter the new

millennium. The World Health Organization
(WHO) has commented there is an apparent
epidemic of diabetes which is strongly related to
lifestyle and economic change. Over the next
decade the projected number will exceed 200
million. Most will have type-2 diabetes, and all
are at risk of the development of complications.
Diabetes
causes
severe
morbidity.
Complications of diabetes can be divided into
three categories:

A number of prevalence surveys for diabetes
have been carried out in different parts of the
country. This investigation included community
base studies from 1990s to year 2002 which
contain information on following parameters: (a)
diagnostic criteria, (b) sampling design and
sample size, (c) age and sex wise distribution of
cases and total study sample.
V Metabolic complications of low blood

glucose levels (hypoglycaemia) and of high
blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia).
Diabetic coma is one such metabolic
complication of a particularly severe nature;
V Damage to small blood vessels (micro
vascular complications) leading in turn to
damage to the retina (retinopathy) kidney
(nephropathy) and nerves (neuropathy);
V Damage to the larger arteries leading to the
brain (leading to stroke) or to the heart
(leading to coronary heart disease) or to the
legs and feet (leading to peripheral vascular
disease)(macro vascular complications).
The studies included from urban areas are

shown in table 12. The prevalence rates of
diabetes varied from 103 per thousand to 124
per thousand in these studies. The metaanalysis was carried out to obtain pooled
estimate of prevalence rates. Similarly metaanalysis of studies carried out in rural areas was
also carried out, and it is presented in table 12.
The pooled estimates of prevalence rates for
diabetes mellitus for urban and rural areas were
found to be 118.02 per thousand and 38.67 per
thousand respectively. Thus the prevalence of
diabetes in urban areas is nearly three times
that of its prevalence in rural areas.
The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)

a
multi-centre
prospective
randomized
intervention trial where the subjects were people
with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes, has
found that nearly half of the people with
diabetes recruited to the trial had one or more
micro or macro vascular complication, and
shows that about a quarter already had CVD.
The overall prevalence rate of diabetes (urban +

rural) was found by combining the estimates of
urban and rural areas assigning weights
proportional to percentage of urban and rural
population in the country.
The overall
prevalence rate of diabetes in urban and rural
areas combined was estimated as 62.47 per
thousand.
Diabetes mellitus is often not recorded as cause

of death. It leads to other disease conditions,
which subsequently become the cause of death.
According to the WHO study (Murray, Lopez,
1996) there are about five times as many deaths
indirectly attributable to diabetes as directly
attributable in established market economies. In
India, information on cause of death due to
14
comparable to estimates of WHO Burden of

disease study.
Burden of disease
The input data used for DISMOD analysis of
diabetes mellitus on parameters such as age
and sex specific prevalence rates, diabetes
mortality rates, case fatality rates are given in
tables A10, A11, A12. In addition inputs were
also provided on all cause mortality rates and
age and sex wise break up of total population.
The computation of YLL and DALY are shown in
tables B16 and B17 for urban and rural areas
respectively. The summary results are
presented in table 13. It is estimated that there
are 37.77 million diabetics in India in 2004; 21.4
million in urban areas and 16.36 million in rural
areas. Diabetes accounts for 1.09 lakh deaths in
a year. Diabetes mellitus is responsible for
11.57 lakh years of life lost due to the disease,
and for 22.63 lakh DALYs during 2004 (table
12). The WHO Burden of Disease Study
estimated number of DALYs attributable to
diabetes to be 20.72 lakh in the year 2000. The
estimates of number of DALYs in the present
study (22.63 lakh during year 2004) are
Sequele of Diabetes
Diabetes is a risk factor for a number of noncommunicable diseases. Odds ratio/risk ratio
associated with diabetes as risk factor for AMI,
stroke, neuropathy, and cataract are shown in
table 13. This data was used to find population
attributable risk due to diabetes for various noncommunicable
diseases.
Estimates
of
attributable risk are presented in table 14. It is
seen that diabetes is directly responsible for 9%
of AMI cases 4% of stroke cases, 2% of
neuropathy, and 32% of cataract cases.
These figures reflect independent contribution of
diabetes
to
various
non-communicable
diseases.
Since the risk factors occur in
clusters more often rather than individually, the
contribution of diabetes in combination with
other risk factors would have more serious
dimensions.
Table 11. Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on diabetes in India (Urban)

Investigator
Sample Size
Age group
PR/1000
URBAN
Ramachandran et al (1997)
2183
40+
116.0
Mohan et al (2000)
1262
20+
120.0
Kutty et al (2000)
3899
20+
124.0
Misra et al (2001)
532
18+
103.0
Ramachandran et al (2001)
11216
20+
121.0
Arvind et al (2002)
1175
20+
110.0
118.02
RURAL
G.S. Wander et al (1994)
1100
30+
46.00
Raman Kutty et al (1993)
1130
25+
40.00
R.B.Singh et al (1997)
1769
25-64
29.00
S.Patadin et al (1994)
467
40+
49.00
38.67
Prevalence rate of Diabetes in India (Urban + Rural) among adults (20 year+) = 62..47 per thousand.
15
Table 12. Burden of Diabetes in India
No. of cases
Urban
16,686,891
1998
Rural
14,370,120
Total
31,257,011
No. of deaths
51,251
44,299
95,550
62,506
46,627
109,133
No. of YLLs
529,959
484,983
1,014,942
646,351
510,471
1,156,822
No. of DALYs
1,016,866
971,890
1,988,756
1,240,195
1,022,968
2,263,163
Year
2004
Urban
Rural
Total
21,404,225 16,364,177 37,768,402
Table 13. Odds Ratio/Risk Ratio associated with Diabetes as Risk Factor
Odds Ratio/Risk Ratio
Confidence Interval
AMI
Disease
2.64
Reference
Cataract
8.55
3.63 - 20.12
Suresh et al (1998)
Neuropathy
1.4
1.20 - 6.40
Ashok et al (2002)
Stroke
1.7
1.1 - 2.6
Prem Pais et al (1996)
R. Sridharan et al (1992)
Table 14. Attributable Risk due to Diabetes

Disease
Attributable Risk
AMI
9.0
Stroke
4.0
Neuropathy
2.0
Cataract
32.0
Figure 4. Burden of Diabetes in India (2004)
0.11
No. of deaths
1.15
YLLs
2.26
DALYs
37.77
No. of cases
0
10
15
20
No. in millions
16
25
30
35
40
available in 1982. The use of the vaccine has

reduced the number of liver substantially in
areas of sub-Saharan Africa and eastern Asia
including China. A third potential vaccine under
investigation is against Heliocobactor pylori
the role of which is significant enough to justify
research for a vaccine.
Globally, the burden of new cases in 2000 was

estimated to be 10.1 million representing a 20%
incidence over the previous decade with 53%
occurring in the developing world. Similarly
56% of the estimated deaths from cancer occur
in the developing world. This is projected by the
WHO to dramatically increase to 20 million by
2020 with 70% in the developing world with
access to only 5% of the global resources.
Aging population is the single most important
factor for cancer development. Recently there
has been remarkable growth of the elderly
population throughout the world. More than half
of the worlds elderly people are in the
developing countries. In India 6.5% of the total
population is represented by older persons (60
yrs and above). In some developed countries;
15% or more of the population is aged (65 yrs or
more) with Sweden being the oldest in the
world, with elderly people comprising 18% of its
population. In India only 3.4% of the population
is 65 yrs and older but they still total 30 million.
The increase in life expectancy will also lead to
increase in number of cancer cases.
Apart from the known risk factors Human

Papilloma Virus (HPV) has now been
established as the sexually transmitted agent
responsible for initiating cancer cervix large
number of cases in the developing world.
Primary prevention by awareness, education
regarding healthy lifestyle and sexual practices
is feasible and has been proven to be effective.
There is also optimism that the number of
cervical cancer cases could ultimately be
reduced by introduction of human papilloma
virus vaccine. Several vaccines are undergoing
trials. Its cost would, however, be a crucial
factor in determining the extent of usage in
developing countries.
Despite many risk factors associated with the
development of breast cancer, barely 50% of
cases are accounted for by these known factors.
This is one site, which is not amenable to
primary prevention as none of the risk factors
are easily modifiable to prevent the disease.
Risk factors
It is evident that most common cancers are
largely preventable. Tobacco use still remains
the most important risk factor and poses the
greatest challenge. Cancer of the lung, mouth
and pharynx and, to an extent, oesophagus is
all associated with tobacco-use. The cancers of
these sites are preventable with reduction of
morbidity and mortality. Primary prevention with
implementation of tobacco control strategies is
therefore possible.

The estimates of burden of disease due to
cancer have been made based on data of
population based cancer registries of ICMR.
The pooled data of six population based cancer
registries Bangalore, Barshi, Bhopal, Chennai,
Delhi and Mumbai was used in estimating
indices of burden of disease. The six population
based cancer registries cover a population of 34
million, that is, 18.4 million males and 15.6
million females. The tables on incidence rates,
cancer (site specific) mortality rates, fatality
rates are given in Appendix A. Among males,
Adequate and balanced dietary practices, and

changes in preservation and storage practices
of food have prevented cancers of the stomach
and oesophagus. The role of chronic infection
with hepatitis B virus in liver is well established.
The hepatitis C virus has role in the etiology of
liver cancer. The hepatitis B vaccine, against
chronic hepatitis leading to liver cancer became
17
Projection of burden of disease due to cancer in

India for the year 2004 is given in table 19. The
total number of DALYs due to cancer in India in
the year 2004 is estimated as 58.97 lakh. This
estimate is low as compared to the estimate of
85.59 lakh DALYs reported by WHO Burden of
Disease Study (2000). This could be due to
differences in cancer mortality rates used in the
two studies.
high incidence rates were reported for tobaccorelated cancers.

According to the Report on collaborative
approach on Tobacco, National Centre for
Chronic Disease Prevention and Promotion
USA, 2004, the following cancer sites are
considered as tobacco related :
SITE
ICD-9
Lip
Tongue
Alveolus
Floor of mouth
Other mouth cancers
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
Other pharynx
Oesophagus
Larynx
Lung
Urinary bladder
140
141
143
144
145
146
148
149
150
161
162
188
Cancer mortality
The cancer specific mortality rates as derived
from MCCD data (1998) are 32.2 per lakh for
males and 30.0 per lakh for females. These
rates compare well with the mortality rates due
to cancer reported by Mumbai Registry (35.0 per
lakh for males and 37.9 per lakh for females),
and Barshi Registry (34.4 per lakh for males and
32.2 per lakh for females). The cancer mortality
rates in Chennai Registry are higher (47.9 per
lakh for males and 42.2 per lakh for females),
while cancer mortality rates are lower than 20
per lakh for all other registries. The pooled
estimates for data of all six population based
registries are 25.19 per lakh for males and 23.52
per lakh for females.
The cancer specific
mortality rates as per Cancer Registry Data and
MCCD data are comparable to some extent in
spite of adopting quite different approaches.
The MCCD data yields cancer deaths as
percentage of total deaths to be 3.0% for males
and 3.4% for females and Survey of Cause of
Death (SCD) Rural reports cancer deaths as
percentage of total deaths as 4.3%.
Tobacco related cancers constitute 40.43 % of

all cancers in males (Table 26). Among females,
high incidence rates were reported for breast
cancer (20.01 / 100,000), cervix (14.42 /
100,000), ovary (5.6 / 100,000) which together
accounted for 59 % of all cancers in women
(Table A22).
Burden of disease
The DISMOD analysis and the estimation of
DALYs for cancer (site specific) are given in
Appendix B. A summary of burden of disease
due to cancer in India is given in table 23. The
number of cases of cancer in 2004 is expected
to be 8.2 lakh. The number of cancer cases
among males is estimated as 3.9 lakh, and
among females as 4.3 lakh.
The number of
deaths, and number of DALYs attributable to
site specific cancers and all cancers in males
and females are given in tables 17 and 18
respectively.
It is seen from the comparisons given above

that while the cancer mortality from three
different sources Cancer Registry data, MCCD
data, SCD-rural data are comparable. The
present study has used the mortality rates
obtained by pooling the data of all six population
based registries. However, If we use the cancer
mortality rates reported by Chennai Registry
(which are highest cancer mortality rates in
India), the estimates of DALYs due to cancer
will become comparable to the figures reported
by WHO Burden of disease study.
18
Table 16. Cancer mortality rates (per 100,000) in India in 1998.

Population based cancer registry
Males
Females
19
17.4
Barshi@
34.4
32.2
Bhopal
12.1
8.3
Chennai
47.9
42.2
Delhi
16.2
14.8
35
37.9
25.19
23.52
32.2 (3.0)
30.0 (3.44)
Bangalore
Mumbai
All Registries
Medical Certification of Causes of Death 1998
Survey of Causes of Death-1997
4.3% (Males and females)
@ Rural cancer registry.

Figures in parenthesis indicate cancer deaths as percentage of total deaths
Table 17. Burden of Cancers in India in 1998 (Males)

Incidence per
No. of
Cancer Site
100,000
Deaths
YLL per
100,000
DALY per
100,000
Total
DALYs
Mouth and oropharynx
12.4
16,832
37.1
97.0
471,970
Oesophagus
4.6
6,840
14.0
25.5
124,047
Stomach
3.2
7,762
14.9
24.3
118,180
Colon and rectum
3.2
5,756
13.1
19.0
92,660
Liver
3.5
5,691
12.5
15.5
75,336
Pancreas
0.6
2,407
4.9
6.8
33,404
Trachea, bronchus
And lung
15.6
12,927
26.1
27.8
135,023
Breast
0.2
52
0.1
0.1
491
Bladder cancer
1.7
2,781
4.0
8.5
41,283
Leukaemia
2.2
8,308
35.0
38.8
210,019
Prostate
3.5
4,677
5.5
11.8
57,396
Lymphomas and multiple

myeloma
3.2
7,660
22.2
28.1
136,728
1.1
725
1.5
3.8
18,615
40,105
737,280
71.00
122,523
22,52,432
Melanoma and other skin

Other cancers
Total (All cancers)
19
Table 18. Burden of Cancer in India in 1998 (Females)

Incidence per
No. of
Cancer site
100,000
deaths
YLL per
100,000
DALYs
per 100,000
Total
DALYs
5.1
6,223
15.5
30.6
148,121
Oesophagus
3.4
6,178
13.4
20.7
100,278
Stomach
2.5
6,142
15.4
22.1
106,891
Colon and rectum
2.7
4,424
10.7
17.7
85,383
Liver
0.7
2,364
4.7
5.5
26,497
Pancreas
0.7
1,383
5.1
24,632
Trachea, bronchus and

lung
3.8
3,742
8.1
8.5
40,944
Breast
20.8
21,570
61.3
167.0
807,397
Cervix uteri
15.4
13,395
36
81.0
391,828
Ovary
6.9
7,592
20.5
40.5
206,191
Bladder
0.7
654
1.1
3.1
15,046
Leukaemia
0.8
6,281
27.2
28.2
143,400
Lymphomas and multiple

myeloma
2.7
5,075
14.8
19.3
93,504
1.2
618
1.7
4.5
21,527
2.5
2,814
6.7
12.0
57,803
25,240
697,362
83.16
113,696
3,141,335

Corpus uteri
Other cancers
Total (all cancers)
20
Table 19. Indices of Burden of Cancers in 2004

Indices
Males
Females
Population (in thousands)
550,404
515,354
No. of cases of Cancer
390,809
428,545
No. of Deaths
138,622
121,192
No. of YLLs
13,96,508
16,17,787
No. of DALYs
25,48,392
33,48,444
Table 20. Site-specific cancer burden for 2004

Site
Total DALYs
Males
516448
Females
163132
Oesophagus
135737
110441
Stomach
129317
117724
Colon and rectum
101392
94036
Liver
82436
29182
Pancreas
36552
27128
Trachea, bronchus and lung
147747
45094
20369
23709
537
8,89,224
Prostate
62805
Bladder
45173
16571
Lymphomas and multiple myeloma
149613
1,02,980
Leukaemia
2,29,811
1,57,933
Cervix uteri
4,31,538
Corpus uteri
63661
Ovary
227088
Breast
21
Figure 5. No. of DALYs (in lakhs) due to cancer in males in India ( 2004)
Leukaemia
2.29
Lymphomas & multiple myeloma
1.49
Bladder
0.45
Cancer Sites
Prostate
0.62
Melanoma & Other skin
0.2
Trachea, bronchus & lung
1.47
Pancreas
0.36
Liver
0.82
Colon & Rectum
1.01
Stomach
1.29
Oesophagus
1.35
Mouth and Oropharynx
5.16
Figure 6. No. of DALYs (in lakhs) due to cancer in females in India (2004)
Ovary
2.27
Corpus uteri
0.64
Cervix uteri
4.31
Leukaemia
1.57
Lymphomas & multiple myeloma
1.02
Cancer Sites
Bladder
0.16
Breast
8.89
Melanoma & Other skin
2.15
Trachea, bronchus & lung
0.27
Pancreas
0.27
Liver
0.29
Colon & Rectum
0.94
Stomach
1.17
Oesophagus
1.1
Mouth and Oropharynx
1.63
22
10
Table 21. DALYs attributed to Cancer (site-wise) according to WHO Burden of Disease Study
(2000) and present study (2004)
WHO-BOD study,2000
No. of DALYs
1,095,190
Present study 2004

No. of DALYs
679580
Oesophagus
596,593
246178
Stomach
376,571
247041
Colon and rectum
303,024
195428
Liver
330,692
111618
Pancreas
111,317
63680
1,102,419
192841
22,084
44078
Breast
646,034
889761
Cervix uteri
933,489
431538
Corpus uteri
22,401
63661
Ovary
170,861
227088
Prostate
165,280
62805
Bladder
242,094
61744
1,012,055
252593
Leukaemia
679,205
387744
Other malignant neoplasms
614,183
Other neoplasms
235,178
Cancer Site
Trachea, bronchus and lung
Lymphomas and multiple myeloma
Total (all cancers)
8,658,669
23
There
Burden of disease
is no natural dividing line between high
and normal blood pressure as it is a continuous

variable.
The definition of hypertension,
therefore using any specific cut off point is
arbitrary. There have been multiple proposed
cut off points for the definition of high blood
pressure. WHO in its Expert Committee report
(1978) has arbitrarily defined hypertension in
adults as a systolic pressure equal to or greater
than 160 mm Hg/or a diastolic pressure equal to
or greater than 95 mm. According to the JNC-V
criteria (Joint National Committee V), Systolic
> 140 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure equal to or
greater than 90 mm Hg is taken as the
diagnostic criteria of Hypertension.
A number of studies have been conducted on

prevalence of hypertension in India. These
studies have been carried out in different
geographic areas and in urban as well as rural
area populations. Recent Indian studies have
used the criterion for hypertension as systolic
BP > 140 mm Hg and / or diastolic BP > 90 mm
Hg. The present assessment of burden of
disease includes only those studies of
hypertension, which have been carried out
between 1995 and 2002 and are based on
adequate sample size and sound methodology.
The meta analysis of eight studies carried out in
urban areas gives a pooled prevalence rate of
164.18 per thousand (Table 22). The inverse
variance method was used to obtain the pooled
estimate of prevalence rate.
It involved
calculating weighted average of the prevalence
rates of individual studies. The larger studies,
which have smaller standard errors, are given
more weight than smaller studies, which have
larger standard errors. This choice of weight
minimizes the variability of the pooled estimate
of prevalence rate. Similarly, the weighted
average of prevalence rates of individual studies
carried out in rural areas yielded a pooled
prevalence rate of 157.44 per thousand (Table 22).
Although hypertension is commonly diagnosed

in terms of diastolic blood pressure elevation
and categorical cut off points, epidemiological
data (Kannel WB, 2000) show a more important
influence of diastolic blood pressure and a
continuous, graded influence of blood pressure
even within what is regarded as the
normotensive range. An important revelation in
epidemiological hypertension research is that
hypertension usually occurs in conjunction with
other metabolically linked risk factors.
The other risk factors that tend to accompany
hypertension include glucose intolerance,
obesity, left ventricular hypertrophy and
dyslipidemia (elevated total LDL and small
dense LDL cholesterol level, raised triglyceride,
and reduced HDL cholesterol levels). Clusters
of three or more of these additional risk factors
occur at four times the rate expected by chance.
This clustering is attributed to an insulin
resistance syndrome promoted by abdominal
obesity. Therefore hypertensive patients can
more appropriately be targeted for therapy for
risk factor clusters rather hypertension alone. It
needs to be emphasized that the risks of
cardiovascular disorders are proportional to the
levels of BP for any age or either sex.
As about 70% of population lives in rural areas

and 30% in urban areas in India, the pooled
estimate for the country was derived by
combining rural and urban estimates assigning
weights in that proportion. The pooled estimate
of prevalence rate of hypertension in India
(urban + rural) among adults (20 year +) was
found by combining the prevalence rates of
urban and rural areas, assigning weight of 0.3
for the urban area and 0.7 for the rural area.
This yielded the pooled estimate of prevalence
rate as 159.46 per thousand.
A review was undertaken of the studies that
have reported risk ratios associated with
hypertension for various non-communicable
diseases. The data on odds ratio/risk ratio
24
found that 16% of ischaemic heart disease in

the country is attributable of hypertension. 21%
of peripheral vascular diseases and 24% of AMI
cases could be attributed of elevated
hypertension. The population attributable risk
due to hypertension was found to be 29% for
stroke.
associated
with
hypertension
for
noncommunicable diseases, namely ischaemic
heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, AMI,
Stroke, and cataract are shown in table 23 along
with confidence interval for the odds ratio.
The population attributable risk for the above
mentioned non-communicable diseases were
calculated using the following formula
Attributable risk = p ( RR 1 )
The risk factor hypertension also accounted for

18% of cataract cases in the country. Thus, it is
seen that hypertension is an important risk
factor accounting for a sizeable proportion of
non-communicable diseases.
The data
presented here reflects only the independent
risk due to hypertension. As hypertension is
usually accompanied by other risk factors, the
total contribution of hypertension in combination
with other risk factors would assume more
serious dimensions.
1 + p ( RR 1 )
where p denotes the prevalence rate of

hypertension in the population, and RR denotes
Relative Risk associated with hypertension for
the particular disease. The population
attributable risk associated with hypertension for
non-communicable diseases, namely ischaemic
heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, AMI,
stroke and cataract are given in table 24. It was
Table-22. Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on hypertension

Investigator
Sample Size
Age group
URBAN
Gupta R et al (1995)
2212
20-80
PR/1000
109.09
Chadha SL et al (1998)
13134
25-69
115.9
Thakur K et al (1999)
1727
30-80
131.1
Ahlawat SK et al (2002)
937
35+
449.0
Misra A et al (2001)
532
18+
116.0
Mohan V et al (2001)
1175
20-75
140.0
Swami HM et al (2002)
362
65+
580.0
Beegom R et al (1995)
1497
25-64
184.0
164.2
RURAL
Reddy NK et al (2002)
3307
20+
280.00
Gupta R et al (1995)
1982
20+
273.00
Chadha SL et al (1998)
1732
25-69
35.80
157.44
Prevalence rate of hypertension in India (Urban + Rural) among adults (20 year+) = 159.46 per thousand
25
Table 23. Odds Ratio/Risk Ratio associated with Hypertension as risk factor
NCDs
Confidence Interval
Reference
IHD
2.47 (Male)
0.94 - 6.55
Rajiv Gupta et al (1997)
0.85 (Female)
0.21 - 1.75
IHD
2.19 (Male)
1.40 - 3.41
3.35 (Female)
2.07 - 5.43
Cataract
2.38
1.33 - 4.26
PVD*
2.7
0.9 - 7.3
Premlatha et al (2000)
AMI
2.99
1.32 - 6.75
Stroke
3.6
3.2 - 4.0
Banerjee et al (2000)
Stroke
3.95
(*) : Peripheral Vascular Disease
2.5 - 6.2
Table-24. Attributable Risk due to hypertension

NCDs
IHD
Suresh et al (1998)
% Attributable Risk
16.0
Cataract
18.0
PVD
21.0
AMI
24.0
Stroke
29.0
Figure 7. Percentage risk attributable due to hypertension
I.H.D.
16
Cataract
18
21
P.V.D.
24
A.M.I.
29
Stroke
0
20
40
60
26
80
100
Tobacco
use
of
has
been
causes release of catecholamines making the

myocardium more irritable. Because of these
effects, smoking precipitates coronary attacks
and sudden deaths, particularly in those with
other risk factors.
considered
controversial for long although scientific

evidence regarding its health hazards started
building since 1950s. Five case control studies
reported in 1950, compared the smoking habits
of controls with cases of cancers of lung, mouth,
pharynx or larynx, and concluded smoking to be
an associated factor. Subsequent prospective
studies showed strong association between
smoking and deaths from cancers of various
sites, respiratory diseases, and vascular
diseases, particularly heart attacks. The official
report specifying the dangers of smoking was
first published by Royal College of Physicians in
1962 (RCP, 1962), followed by United States
Surgeon General in 1964 (USDHHS, 1964).
Prevalence of tobacco use

Community based studies of tobacco use have
been carried out in several parts of the country.
A house-to-house survey carried out on 40%
systematic sample in 73 villages collected data
on 29,713 individuals in Goa (Vaidya S.G. et al,
1996). The results showed that 33% of men
and 20% of women used tobacco. Another
large community-based survey was conducted
in the city of Mumbai (Gupta P.C. 1996) in which
99,598 individuals were interviewed. Among
men, 69.3 reported current tobacco use and
23.6% were smokers.
Among women,
prevalence of tobacco use was high (57.5%) but
almost solely in the smokeless form.
Subsequently,
thousands
of
scientific
investigations have confirmed the association of
smoking with various diseases, and have
provided
additional
evidence
implicating
cigarette smoking as a cause of coronary artery
disease, stroke, obstructive airway disease,
peripheral
vascular
disease,
pregnancy
complications including intra-uterine growth
retardation and a variety of neoplasms including
cancers of oral cavity, larynx, oesophagus,
urinary bladder, kidney, stomach, pancreas and cervix.
A prevalence survey of tobacco use in

Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh in India (Chaudhry
K.C., 2001) carried out on study sample of
30,000 persons aged over 10 years in each of
the two states, found an overall prevalence of
ever use of any kind of tobacco as 29.6% in
Karnataka and 34.6% in Uttar Pradesh. The
prevalence of ever use of tobacco in Karnataka
was 34.9% among urban men, 8.9% among
urban women; 44.7% among rural men and
16.7% among rural women. The prevalence of
ever use of tobacco in Uttar Pradesh was 45.4%
among urban men, 8.2% among urban women;
51.2% among rural men and 9.3% among rural
women. The difference between ever use and
current use was small suggesting that tobacco
use once initiated, is continued and quitting of
tobacco use is infrequent. Tobacco use in
smokeless form was predominant in persons
aged below 30 years while smoking was the
predominant form of tobacco use among
persons aged over 30 years. A number of
studies on tobacco use have been carried out
Review of the health hazards of exposure to

environmental tobacco smoke shows that it
damages the respiratory tract of adults,
adversely affects the cardiovascular system and
results in lung cancer (Wiebel, 1997). Children
of smokers have an increased frequency of
respiratory and middle ear infections and are at
risk of impaired lung function. Passive smoking
by asthmatic children increases the frequency &
severity of asthmatic episodes.
In adult
asthmatics, passive smoking results in an
increased likelihood of wheezing, bronchitis
symptoms and physician diagnosed asthma.
Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for
CAD as it lowers HDL cholesterol, raises
fibrinogen, aggregates platelets, decreases the
oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and
27
groups. Data on tobacco use that can be

considered as representative of tobacco habit in
the country is available from nation wide survey
carried out by National Sample Survey
Organization 50th round NSSO survey.
among youth in rural and urban areas of the

country.
Rural areas: A pilot survey of children and
youth of low socio economic background in two
rural and semi-urban areas of Tamil Nadu and
Karnataka (Krishnamurthy S et al 1997) showed
that 9.5% of boys between 10 and 20 years of
age chewed tobacco, and 8% smoked. In
village community in Khera District in Gujarat
(Mukherjee S, 1999) tobacco use was reported
in 69% of males and 30% of females. The
males were usually in the habit of either
smoking bidi or chewing gutka. Among females,
the most frequent form of tobacco use were
gutka and tobacco tooth paste. A study in
coastal village of Kerala (George A et al, 1994)
showed prevalence of pan/tobacco chewing as
29%, smoking of cigeratte and bidi was 2%. A
survey in rural area of Mizorum (Chaturvedi H.K.
et al, 1998) showed that tobacco use was high
both among males (56.6%) and females
(45.7%). Smoking was predominant among
males and chewing was the main form of
tobacco use among females.
Disease burden attributable to tobacco use

The data from NSSO Survey has been used for
prevalence rates of tobacco use in present
investigation. The prevalence rates of tobacco
use among persons aged 25 + years are
presented in table 25.
As the present
investigation is about non-communicable
diseases, it was considered relevant to consider
prevalence rates of tobacco use in persons
aged 25 years and over. Table 30 shows
prevalence rates of tobacco use in urban areas
as 43% among males and 7% among females.
In rural areas the prevalence rates for tobacco
use are 64.4% among males and 15.5% among
females.
The overall prevalence rates of
tobacco use in the country (rural + urban) are
35.5%. Table 26 presents the distribution of
tobacco use by form of tobacco consumption.
The Cancer Registry data shows (table 28) that
tobacco related cancers constitute 36.5% of all
cancers among males in Bangalore Cancer
Registry. The percentage of tobacco related
cancers among males was found to be 52.7% in
Bhopal Cancer Registry, 43.7% in Chennai
Cancer Registry, 37.5% in Delhi Cancer
Registry, 42.5% in Mumbai Cancer Registry and
35.8% in Barshi Cancer Registry. Among
females, the tobacco related cancers constituted
10 to 16% of all cancers in various population
based cancer registries (table 28).
Urban Areas: A survey among high school

students in Patna (Sinha D.N. et al, 1999) found
tobacco use among 46% of students.
Smokeless tobacco was used by about half of
them. Of these, half preferred pan masala and
the rest of them used khaini. A survey in high
school children in Kolkatta (Sen U, 1999) found
tobacco use in 18.2% boys. Cigarette smoking
was the preferred method of tobacco use.
Among girls, 4.06% used tobacco and were
more likely to be chewers than smokers. A
study in Goa (Vaidya S.G. et al, 1992) school
children found tobacco use in 13% boys and
10% of girls. Tobacco use rates between 20-80
% have been found in medical students in a
study carried out in Mumbai (Mehta H.C. et al,
1998).
A review of studies on tobacco use and cancer

shows that tobacco users have a risk ratio of 4.8
for cancer oesophagus, 5.6 for oral cancer, and
15.7 for lung cancer (table 29). The population
attributable risk associated with tobacco use for
cancer is presented in table 30. It is seen from
the table that 84% of lung cancer cases, 62% of
oral cancer, and 57% cases of cancer of
oesophagus are attributable to tobacco use.
Risk ratio associated with tobacco use for other
non-communicable diseases are presented in
table 31, and population attributable risk in table 27.
A comprehensive review and database on

tobacco control research in India (Gupta PC,
Ray CS, 2003) is available at website
www.actindia.org. It is seen that there is a wide
variation in prevalence of tobacco use as well as
modes of tobacco use in different population
28
mortality related to tobacco use is presented in

table 27. It is seen from the table that mortality
among tobacco users is about 40% to 100% higher
as compared to non - users.
These tables show that 15% of IHD cases, 48%

of AMI, 22% of stroke cases, 36% of cataract
cases, and 34% of cases of tuberculosis are
attributable to use of tobacco. All cause excess
Table 25. Tobacco users in India among persons aged above 25 years according to 50th round of NSSO Survey
Urban
Males
Females
Age group
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
25-44
42784352
407
17413231
38811876
45
1746534
45-59
17170036
509
8739548
14602488
114
1664684
60+
8725756
395
3446674
9094532
130
1182289
All ages
68680144
430.97
29599453
62508896
73.48
4593507
Rural
Age group
Males
Females
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
25-44
93377896
613
57240650
96892018
122
11820826
45-59
36336235
723
26271098
36682477
204
7483225
60+
22623951
650
14705568
25119055
212
5325240
155.20
24629291
All ages 152338082
644.73
98217316
158693550
Urban+ Rural
Males
All ages
Females
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
Population
Rate/1000
No. of users
221018226
578.3
127816769
221203246
132.2
29222798
Overall Rate / 1000 in age range (25+ years): 355 or 35.5%.
29
Table 26. Number of persons reporting consumption of tobacco in various forms per 1000 persons by sex and age group ( NSSO 50th round 1993-94)
Age group
Form of tobacco
consumption
10-14
Male
15-24
Female
Male
25-44
Female
Male
45-59
60+
all ages
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Rural
Smoking
Chewing zarda,
dokta etc.
Snuff
30
Burnt tobacco
powder/paste
Consumption of
tobacco in any form
120
434
25
498
46
398
48
293
23
66
16
205
59
259
103
264
107
151
53
12
16
13
19
18
20
44
39
60
55
68
52
35
33
13
191
46
613
122
723
204
650
212
430
109
Urban
Smoking
Chewing zarda,
dokta etc.
Snuff
Burnt tobacco
powder/paste
Consumption of
tobacco in any form
55
305
381
18
266
18
202
66
31
114
26
141
66
133
72
80
26
14
19
19
14
28
29
25
28
15
13
87
12
407
45
509
114
395
130
277
47
Table 27. All cause mortality related to tobacco

Odds Ratio
Cigarettes
Bidi
1.39
1.78
Authors
Gender
Males
Gupta PC,Mehta HC et al (2000)
Females
Gupta PC et al (1988)
Gajalakshmi et al (2000)
Chewing
1.35
Tobacco Use
Males
1.4-1.9
Females
1.3-1.5
Tobacco/ Smoking
Males
2.1
Table 28. Proportion (%) of tobacco related cancers relative to all sites
Cancer
Registry
Tobacco related cancer

cases
Males
Females
Total cancer cases

Males
Females
Tobacco related cancer as

% of all cancers
Males
Females
Bangalore
567
290
1553
1781
36.51
16.28
Mumbai
1885
650
4440
4245
42.45
15.31
Chennai
807
321
1847
2036
43.69
15.77
Bhopal
232
56
440
383
52.73
14.62
Delhi
1742
454
4650
4435
37.46
10.24
Barshi
39
15
109
108
35.78
13.89
Total
5272
1786
13039
12988
40.43
13.75
Table 29. Odds Ratio/Risk Ratio associated with tobacco use for cancer
Cancer Site
Lung Cancer
Reference
15.7
Sankarnarayanan et al (1994)
Oral Cancer
5.6
Chakrabarti et al (1991)
Oesophagus Cancer
4.8
Nand Kumar et al (1996)
31
Table 30. Attributable Risk due to tobacco use in cancer

Cancer Site
Attributable Risk
Lung Cancer
0.84
Oral Cancer
0.62
Oesophagus Cancer
0.57
Table 31. Odds Ratio / Risk Ratio associated with tobacco use as risk factor for other diseases.
Odds Ratio/Risk
Disease
Confidence Interval
Reference
Ratio
IHD
1.49
1.02 - 2.19
Cataract
2.58
1.48 - 4.52
Suresh et al (1998)
AMI
3.6
2.20 - 6.03
Stroke
1.8
1.1 - 2.8
Tuberculosis
2.48
1.42-4.37
Kalappan C. et al (2002)
Figure 8. Percentage Risk attributable due to tobacco use

Stroke
22
Tuberculosis
34.4
Cataract
35.9
14.8
I.H.D.
A.M.I.
48
Oesophagus cancer
57
62
Oral cancer
84
Lung cancer
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Table-32. Attributable Risk due to tobacco Use in other diseases

Disease
Attributable Risk
IHD
0.148
AMI
0.480
Stroke
0.221
Cataract
0.359
Tuberculosis
0.344
32
80
90
100
years lived with a disability (YLDs) compared

with 1.4% of all deaths attributed to these
disorders. Alcohol use was the leading cause of
male disability in developed regions, and the 4th
largest cause in men in developing regions.
The studies of burden of disease are important
in several ways. GBD studies are able to
dissociate epidemiology from advocacy so as to
produce objective, independent measurements.
Second, it provides useful standards of
measurement
for
calculating
non-fatal
outcomes, the contribution of risk factors, and
the cost effectiveness of interventions.
The disease modeling and metrics developed in

the Global Burden of Disease Study in 1990 is a
landmark in the development and analysis of
summary measures of population health. In
general, statistics on health status of population
suffer from several limitations that reduce their
practical value for policy makers. First, they are
partial and fragmented. Even the most basic
data the number of deaths from particular
causes each year, are generally not available in
developing countries. Even where mortality
data are available, they fail to capture the
impact of non-fatal outcomes of diseases on
population health.
Second, estimates of
numbers killed or affected by particular
conditions or diseases may be exaggerated
beyond their demographically plausible limits by
investigators who also often act as advocates
for affected populations in competition for
scarce resources.
Third, traditional health
statistics do not allow policy makers to compare
relative
cost
effectiveness
of
different
interventions. The Global Burden of Disease
Study has developed a new system to assess
fatal and non-fatal health outcomes the
disease adjusted life year (DALY) making it
possible to estimate the burden of diseases.
The DALY measures the gap between the
actual health of a population and a hypothetic
norm; namely (a) a life expectancy of 82.5 years
for women and 80 years for men (which is the
life expectancy in Japan). DALYs for a disease
or health condition is a combined measure of
the years of life lost due to premature mortality
in the population and the years of life lost due to
disability. The findings of WHO-GBD study
have demonstrated clearly that disability placed
a central role in determining the overall health
status of a population. This had been almost
invisible to public health earlier. The leading
causes of disability are shown to be
substantially different from the leading causes of
death.
For example, psychiatric and
neurological conditions accounted for 28% of all
The present study makes an assessment of

burden of selected NCDs and risk factors in
India, namely IHD, stroke, diabetes mellitus,
cancer, hypertension, and tobacco use. It may
be noted that the assessment of burden of a
particular disease is not dependent on the
estimates of burden of another disease. The
estimates of burden of disease from the present
study compare well with the estimates made by
the WHO-GBD study as seen from table 33.
The total number of DALYs due to IHD was
estimated as 140.64 lakh for India by the WHO
Burden of Disease Study for the year 2000. The
present investigation has estimated a total
number of DALYs due to IHD in India as 143
lakh for the year 1998 and 160 lakh for the year
2004.
The total number of DALYs due to stroke was
estimated as 60 lakh for the year 2000 by WHO
Burden of Disease Study.
The present
investigation has estimated the total number of
DALYs due to stroke in India as 58.4 lakh for
the year 1998 and 63.7 lakh for the year 2004.
Similarly, the WHO Burden of Disease Study
estimated number of DALYs attributable to
diabetes as 20.72 lakh for the year 2000 while
the estimates of number of DALYs in the
present study are 22.63 lakh for the year 2004.
33
Table-33. WHO estimates / projections of Burden of disease (DALYs in lakhs) for India for year
2000 and from present study for the year 2004.
Present Study
Year
2000
2000
1998
2004
Based on World Bank -
Based on WHO Burden of
WHO Study 1990
disease Study 2000
I.H.D
132.23
140.64
143.19
160.00
Stroke
52.23
60.0
58.02
63.68
Diabetes
21.13
20.
19.88
22.63
Cancer
95.50
86.58
53.93
58.96
contributed 65-69% of total DALYs. In Sub

Saharan Africa, more than 75% of DALYs was
contributed by YLLs. Therefore, the estimation
of burden of disease is highly dependent on
estimates of diseases specific mortality rates.
The estimates of total number of DALYs

attributable to cancer in the present
investigation are 58.96 lakh for 2004, which are
lower than the estimates made by WHO-GBD
study (86.58 lakh for the year 2000). This may
be due to the lower cancer mortality rates used
in the present investigation. The present study
has used the cancer mortality rates obtained by
pooling the data of six population based cancer
registries. The cancer mortality rates among six
population based cancer registry varies widely,
the highest being for Chennai Registry (47.0 per
hundred thousand for males and 42.2 per
hundred thousand for females). The cancer
mortality rates for Chennai had improved
considerably after the registry made special
efforts to improve coverage through home visits
of all registered cases. This was undertaken as
an additional effort through a project. Other
cancer registries have made no special efforts
of making home visits to ensure complete
coverage. Therefore figures of cancer mortality
as presented by these registries may be under
estimate of the true cancer mortality rates.
The estimates of burden of disease for IHD,

stroke, and diabetes from the present study
compared well with the estimates of WHO-GBD
study in spite of several variations in
methodology. For example, the GBD 2000
study has developed a model for ischaemic
heart disease based on available population
data on the incidence and case fatality rates for
acute myocardial infarction and on the
prevalence and case fatality of angina pectoris
(Mathers C.D. et al, 2003). Sub-regional age
and sex specific ratios of angina prevalence to
IHD mortality were used together with country
specific mortality to estimate angina prevalence
for each member state. On the other hand, the
present study has used prevalence rates and
case fatality rates of IHD from data available in
the country, and estimates of IHD specific
mortality rates were made from MCCD data.
Even then, estimates of DALYs attributable to
IHD from the present investigation are
comparable with GBD 2000 study.
This
demonstrates the robustness of the disease
model developed for Burden of Disease studies.
Premature mortality is a major contributor to

disease burden. According to estimates of
World Bank WHO Study on Global Burden of
Disease (Murray and Lopez, 1976) the YLL
component of DALYs is about 50% in
established market economies where the
epidemic transition had already taken place. In
former socialist economies, China, Latin
America and Caribbean countries, 57-58% of
disease burden was due to premature mortality.
In India, Middle Eastern Crescent, YLL
The disease model based on relationships

between different epidemiological parameters is
quite robust, and not affected by variations in
methodology for estimation of input parameters,
provided these are based on acceptable data evidence.
34
future cover all government hospitals, private

hospitals, nursing homes, private medical
practitioners etc. in all the urban and rural areas
of the states in the MCCD scheme, (b) the
Sample Registration System will henceforth
collect data on cause of death also from rural as
well as urban areas, (c) projects in different
parts of the country have been initiated to collect
data on cause of death through verbal autopsy
after developing standardized methodology for
the same. It is expected that more reliable data
on cause of death will become available in India
in near future and this will help in further
improvements in estimates of burden of disease
due to non-communicable diseases.
The GBD-2000 study has developed a model for

stroke based on available population data on
case fatality (CF) within 28 days for incident
cases of first ever stroke and on long term
survival in cases surviving this initial period. A
consistent relationship between incidence,
prevalence and mortality was established using
data from the USA and the resulting age and
sex specific 28 day and survivor CFs were used
as the basis for sub-regional CFs for adjustment
for the observed relationship between GDP and
overall 28 day CF in published studies from
various countries (Mathers C.D.et al 2003). The
present investigation has used data available in
India on prevalence rates, case fatality, disease
specific mortality along with all cause mortality
rates and age-sex wise population distribution.
It is found that the estimates of total number of
DALYs attributable to stroke from the present
investigation are very well comparable with the
estimates found by GBD-2000 study in spite of
wide variations in approach the present study
used data available in the country, and
the
GBD 2000 study used data derived from models
based on inter-relationships among various
epidemiologic and demographic variables.
The estimates of risk of various NCDs

attributable to hypertension and tobacco use
have been made in the present study based on
published data from community-based surveys
and hospital-based studies. Research for
understanding the contribution of risk factors is
also important and should help efforts for
reducing avoidable burden of diseases.
Surveillance
of
risk
factors
of
noncommunicable diseases in India has now been
planned on countrywide level. This will provide
more authentic estimates of risk factors for
NCDs enabling further improvement in the
estimates of burden of diseases due to NCD risk
factors.
The above comparison establishes validity of

the findings. When similar results are obtained
using alternate approaches / methods, it
indicates validity of the results through
methodological triangulation. The assessment of
DALYs and other indices of BOD presented in
the report are consistent and reliable. These
assessment and projection of burden of disease
should prove useful for informed policy planning.
In India, a number of efforts are under way to
improve cause of death statistics, for example
(a) the Office of Registrar General of India will in
35
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43
Table-A1. Mortality data for general population (Males)

Age-group
Population of India (1998) in

thousands *
Age specific mortality rate

(1997)**
No. of
deaths(1998)
0-4
58,198
21.8
12,68,716
5-9
63,909
1.8
1,15,036
10-14
61,421
1.1
67,563
15-19
52,022
1.4
72,831
20-24
43,877
2.2
96,529
25-29
39,340
2.6
102,284
30-34
35,400
3.4
120,360
35-39
31,535
3.9
122,987
40-44
27,192
6.0
163,152
45-49
22,842
9.0
205,578
50-54
18,850
14.2
267,670
55-59
14,753
19.7
290,634
60-64
11,864
32.3
379,648
65-69
8,978
46.3
415,681
70+
12,822
89.7
11,50,133
All ages
503,002
9.2
46,27,618
(*) Population Projections for India and States 1996. Registrar General of India, New Delhi, 1996.
(**) Compendium of Indias Fertility and Mortality Indicators 1971-1997 based on Sample
Registration System. Registrar General of India, New Delhi, 1999.
44
Table-A2. Mortality data for general population (Females)

Age-group
Population of India
(1998) in thousands
Age specific mortality

rate (1997)
No. of deaths
0-4
55,750
24.5
13,65,875
5-9
60,583
2.4
1,45,399
10-14
55,686
1.2
66,823
15-19
45,869
2.1
96,325
20-24
40,994
2.8
114,783
25-29
39,371
2.7
106,302
30-34
34,865
2.8
97,622
35-39
29,094
2.9
84,373
40-44
24,054
4.0
96,232
45-49
20,100
5.8
116,580
50-54
16,555
10.2
168,861
55-59
13,279
14.1
187,234
60-64
11,160
22.1
246,636
65-69
8,571
34.4
294,842
70+
11,996
77.6
930,890
All ages
467,931
8.6
40,24,207
45
Table-A3. Number of hospitals covered in MCCD scheme in 1998

Existing Allopathic Hospitals
Covered
States/UTs
As on Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
Andhra
Pradesh
Arunachal
Pradesh
Reported
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
1.1.98
1060
2073
3133
1652
1652
314
314
1.1.98
251
11
262
251
11
262
251
11
262
Goa
1.1.98
49
87
136
49
87
136
49
87
136
Gujarat
1.1.95
179
2349
2528
Harayana
1.1.98
72
80
56
56
50
50
Himachal
Pradesh
1.1.98
20
43
63
Karnataka
1.1.98
25
268
293
367
369 @
367
367
Kerala
1.1.98
2027
80
2107
162
162 #
162
162
Madhya
Pradesh
1.1.92
245
118
363
202
187
389
133
132
265
Maharashtra
1.1.93
469
2646
3115
469
2646
3115
308
97
405
Manipur
1.1.98
12
17
12
17
12
17
Meghalaya
1.1.98
Nagaland
1.1.98
21
13
34
21
13
34
21
13
34
Orissa
1.1.98
100
173
273
71
73
70
72
Punjab
1.1.98
75
145
220
73
135
208
73
135
208
Rajasthan
1.1.98
16
237
253
16
237
253
16
237
253
Sikkim
1.1.98
Tamil Nadu
1.1.90
89
319
408
76
258
334
76
258
334
Tripura
1.1.98
14
15
29
12
16
12
16
A&N
Islands
1.1.98
10
Delhi
1.1.98
39
293
332
17
140
157
17
140
157
Lakshdweep
1.1.98
Pondicherry
1.1.98
28
29
19
22
19
22
4708
8989
13697
1199
6078
7277
967
2129
3096
Total
-
Rural hospitals are not covered
Includes 207 private hospitals
46
Table A4. I.H.D. specific death rates (Males) in India in 1998

MCCD Data
Population Estimates
Total
Deaths
IHD
Deaths
IHD deaths
as
percentage
of total
deaths
58,198
46,592
156
0.335
12,68,716
4,250
0.073
5-14
125,330
10,518
103
0.979
1,82,599
1,788
0.014
15-24
95,899
18,928
236
1.247
1,69,360
2,112
0.022
25-34
74,740
30,311
942
3.108
2,22,644
6,920
0.092
35-44
58,727
38,311
2,919
7.619
2,86,139
21,801
0.371
45-54
41,692
41,789
5,132
12.281
4,73,248
58,119
1.394
55-64
26,617
45,280
7,076
15.627
6,70,282
1,04,745
3.935
65-69
8,978
22,045
3,607
16.362
4,15,681
68,014
7.576
70+
12,822
49,168
8,504
17.296
11,50,133
1,98,927
15.515
All
ages
5,03,002
3,02,942
28,775
9.498
46,27,618
4,39,531
0.874
Agegroup
(Population
in
thousands)
0-4
Total
deaths
IHD
deaths
IHD
specific
death
rate/1000
Table A5. I.H.D. specific death rates (Females) in India in 1998

MCCD Data
Agegroup
(Population
in
thousands)
0-4
Total
Deaths
IHD
Deaths
IHD deaths
as
percentage
of total
deaths
58,198
31,203
80
0.256
13,65,875
3,497
0.060
5-14
125,330
8,055
59
0.732
2,12,222
1,553
0.012
15-24
95,899
18,978
151
0.796
2,11,108
1,680
0.018
25-34
74,740
21,548
339
1.573
2,03,924
3,208
0.043
35-44
58,727
16,747
810
4.837
1,80,605
8,736
0.149
45-54
41,692
17,040
1,564
9.178
2,85,441
26,198
0.628
55-64
26,617
20,957
2,938
14.019
4,33,870
60,824
2.285
65-69
8,978
12,466
1,879
15.073
2,94,842
44,441
4.950
70+
12,822
35,694
5,942
16.647
9,30,890
154,965
12.086
All
ages
5,03,002
1,82,688
13,762
7.533
40,24,207
303,144
0.603
47
Total
deaths
IHD
deaths
IHD
specific
death
rate/1000
Table A6. Case Fatality of I.H.D. in India

Investigator
Year
J.A.Antani
V.Krishna swami
1970
D.V.Mulay
1985
H.T.Mukhtar
1995
Place
Sample
Size
Time Duration
Case
Fatality
Rate
Karnataka
1777
3 year follow up
9.57/1000
Madras
170
12.35%
63
Birmingham
Acute MI
102
17.46%
9.8%
The Case fatality rates of I.H.D. in India have been reported in the range of 9.5% to 17 %.
This information was used to assume the case fatality rate of I.H.D. in India as follows.
Age in years
Case fatality rate (%)
0-19
1.0
20-29
9.5
30-39
11.0
40-49
13.0
50-59
15.0
60+
17.0
Table A7. Mortality due to Stroke

Population of India (1998)
No. of Stroke Deaths
Male
503,002,000
366,350
Female
467,931,000
340,392
Stroke mortality rate in India = 73/100,000*

(*) Bharucha and Kuruvilla T ( 1999). Epidemiology of Stroke, NIMHANS Journal, Vol.17, No.4, 401-405.
48
Table A8. Stroke specific death rates in India in 1998

Male
Age group
MCCD Data on agewise percentage of

deaths
Female
Stroke Deaths in India in1998 (Projected)
No. (Mortality)
Rate/Lac
MCCD Data on agewise percentage of

deaths
Stroke Deaths in India in1998 (Projected)
No. (Mortality)
Rate/Lac
0.00
0/ 14,262,000
0.00
0.00
0 / 13,911,000
0.00
1-4
0.00
0 / 42,780,000
0.00
0.00
0 / 40,194,000
0.00
5-14
0.00
0 / 125,330,000
0.00
0.00
0 / 116,269,000
0.00
15-24
0.00
0 / 95,899,000
0.00
0.00
0 / 86,863,000
0.00
25-34
0.00
0 / 74,740,000
0.00
19.81
67,432 / 74,236,000
90.83
35-44
21.37
78,289 / 58,727,000
133.31
17.93
61,033 / 53,152,000
114.82
45-54
20.19
73,968 / 41,692,000
177.41
14.05
47,826 / 36,655,000
130.47
55-64
23.51
86,129 / 26,617,000
323.58
16.26
55,348 / 24,439,000
226.47
65-69
10.86
39,786 / 8,978,000
443.14
9.24
31,452 / 8,571,000
366.96
70+
24.05
88,108 / 12,822,000
687.16
22.65
77,099 / 11,996,000
642.70
49
<1
Total
366,350 / 503,002,000
340,392 / 467,931,000
1. A study in Kerala (Dinesh Nayak, 1997, National Medical J. India) on outcome of Ischaemic Stroke
in Young Adults showed that out of 101 cases of stroke followed up for 7 months, 1 died.
Therefore
case fatality : 1% in young adults.
2. A communication from NIMHANS (unpublished data) showed that mortality among cases of stroke
aged 40-79 years ranged from 6.7% to 17% during 1999-2003.
3. Higher mortality rates among stroke cases have been reported by P.M. Dalal-32.3 % and A. Bhalla32.5%.
The above information was used to assume the case fatality of stroke in India as follows:
Table A9. Case fatality rate for stroke in India
Age in years
Case fatality rate (%)
20-40
1.0
40-49
6.7
50-59
10.0
60-69
14.0
70-79
17.0
80-89
32.0
90+
33.0
Table A10. Age specific prevalence (rate/1000) of diabetes in India

Urban
Rural
Age group
Male
Female
Male
Female
20-29
0.00
13.00
0.00
4.30
30-39
78.00
26.00
26.00
8.60
40-49
93.00
158.00
31.00
52.60
50-59
444.00
176.00
148.00
58.60
60-69
481.00
194.00
160.30
64.60
70-79
182.00
111.00
60.60
37.00
80-89
333.00
200.00
111.00
66.60
90+
0.00
1000.00
0.00
333.30
50
Table A11. Age specific mortality (rate/1000) of diabetes in India

Urban
Rural
Age group
Male
Female
Male
Female
0-4
0.019
0.024
0.007
0.008
5-9
0.007
0.009
0.003
0.003
15-24
0.010
0.011
0.004
0.004
25-34
0.023
0.018
0.008
0.007
35-44
0.066
0.053
0.022
0.020
45-54
0.296
0.295
0.100
0.100
55-64
0.983
0.954
0.330
0.320
65-69
1.900
1.849
0.640
0.620
70+
3.026
2.622
1.100
0.880
1. Diabetes specific mortality rates were estimated using MCCD data for urban areas.
2. According to WHO study ( Murray, Lopez, 1976), there were about five times as many deaths
indirectly attributable to diabetes as directly attributable in established world economies. This
assumption was adopted in present study also to account for deaths indirectly attributable to
diabetes.
3. Prevalence rate of diabetes in rural areas is about one third of the prevalence rate of diabetes
in urban areas in India. Therefore it was assumed that rates of mortality due to diabetes in
rural areas are expected to be one third of diabetes mortality rates in urban areas.
Table A12. Case fatality rates for diabetes in India
Age in years
Case fatality rate/1000
25-34
1.70
35-44
5.00
45-54
25.64
55-64
37.00
65-69
38.00
70+
38.00
1. Case fatality rate for diabetes was found to be 20% in a follow up study carried out after
average time duration of 7.8 years (Sidhartha Das et al, 1991). When time duration was
converted in terms of person years, the case fatality rate becomes 25.64 per 1000 person
years.
2. Pattern of distribution of case fatality in to different age groups was assumed to be similar to
the age distribution of diabetes specific mortality in population.
51
Table A13. Estimation of Cancer deaths (Males) by age in India in 1998

M.C.C.D Data
Age
Total Deaths
Cancer Deaths
Cancer deaths as
percentage of
total deaths
Total Deaths
Cancer Death
0-4
46,592
140
0.3
12,68,716
3,806
5-14
10,518
293
2.78
1,82,599
5,076
15-24
18,928
398
2.1
1,69,360
3,556
25-34
30,311
575
1.9
2,22,644
4,230
35-44
38,311
1,054
2.75
2,86,139
7,869
45-54
41,789
1,782
4.26
4,73,248
20,160
55-64
45,280
2,227
4.92
6,70,282
32,978
65-69
22,045
1,029
4.67
4,15,681
19,412
70+
49,168
1,720
3.5
11,50,133
40,254
3,02,942
9,218
3.5
46,27,618
1,61,967
All ages
Table A14. Cancer specific death rates (males) in India in 1998

Age
Cancer Deaths (1998)
Cancer specific death

rate/1000
0-4
58,198
3,806
0.065
5-14
125,330
5,076
0.041
15-24
95,899
3,556
0.037
25-34
74,740
4,230
0.056
35-44
58,727
7,869
0.134
45-54
41,692
20,160
0.484
55-64
26,617
32,978
1.239
65-69
8,978
19,412
2.162
70+
12,822
40,254
3.139
All
ages
503,002
1,61,967
0.322
52
Table A15. Estimation of Cancer deaths (Females) by age in India in 1998

M.C.C.D Data
Total
Deaths
Cancer
Deaths
Cancer
deaths as
percentage of total
deaths
Total
Deaths
Cancer
Deaths
0-4
31,203
88
0.28
13,65,875
3824
5-14
8,055
140
1.74
2,12,222
3693
15-24
18,978
252
1.33
2,11,108
2808
25-34
21,548
444
2.06
2,03,924
4200
35-44
16,747
925
5.52
1,80,605
9969
45-54
17,040
1355
7.95
2,85,441
22,692
55-64
20,957
1380
6.58
4,33,870
28,549
65-69
12,466
642
5.15
2,94,842
15,184
70+
35,694
1118
3.13
9,30,890
29,137
All ages
182,688
6380
3.49
40,24,207
1,40,445
Age
Table A16. Cancer specific death rates (females) in India in 1998

Age
No. Of Cancer Deaths (1998)
Cancer specific death

rate/1000
0-4
13,65,875
3824
0.0028
5-14
1,16,269
3693
0.0318
15-24
86,863
2808
0.0323
25-34
74,236
4200
0.0566
35-44
53,152
9969
0.187
45-54
36,655
22,692
0.619
55-64
24,439
28,549
1.168
65-69
8,571
15,184
1.771
70+
11,996
29,137
2.429
All ages
467,931
1,40,445
0.300
53
Table A17. Population covered (males) by Cancer Registries

Age
Bangalore
Mumbai
Chennai
Bhopal
Delhi
Barshi
Total
0-4
250599
550069
159392
79934
703672
35216
1778882
5-9
292380
605214
180851
86714
712484
34180
1911823
10-14
281891
594199
186831
82068
642620
25175
1812784
15-19
282592
601817
206017
73141
609262
22885
1795714
20-24
310926
706440
237671
77013
623738
21435
1977223
25-29
275949
652340
221655
65644
636956
19363
1871907
30-34
230991
566266
185620
54690
566463
17488
1621518
35-39
217232
504444
175564
47773
501005
16250
1462268
40-44
163463
404522
140423
37285
363165
13137
1121995
45-49
130252
322529
104338
29536
271902
12091
870648
50-54
97278
251589
90399
26553
205815
10635
682269
55-59
64457
172295
69573
14303
146021
8539
475188
60-64
59453
132368
60279
13608
122734
8730
397172
65-69
33904
78404
39589
7065
79934
5638
244534
70-74
27672
47765
27163
4861
56017
4576
168054
75+
30694
50410
28025
6320
51611
4704
171764
All ages
2749733
6240671
2113390
706508
6293399
260042
18363743
54
Table A18. No. of incident cases of cancer in 1998 by site (males) Cancer Registry data
55
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Leukemia
Lymph
and mult
myeloma
Oesophagus
Melanoma
& skin
0-4
10
66
15
5-9
69
44
10-14
71
36
15-19
72
44
20-24
11
11
62
34
25-29
22
12
46
41
30-34
55
18
23
15
18
33
42
35-39
86
24
48
18
11
36
10
41
49
19
40-44
186
44
51
23
24
56
19
42
64
44
16
45-49
251
63
62
58
15
102
24
36
78
70
12
50-54
351
95
81
81
33
168
24
37
36
95
109
23
55-59
336
103
86
90
28
175
51
50
45
85
131
21
60-64
334
89
89
95
37
183
80
58
35
86
141
23
65-69
271
104
81
98
29
196
117
67
32
82
115
20
70-74
189
83
84
80
19
131
137
72
28
63
86
21
75+
185
62
70
91
26
140
230
77
33
67
90
25
All ages
2292
695
708
681
233
1215
48
655
432
747
925
820
193
Table A19. Incidence rates of cancer/100,000 by site (Males) Cancer Registry data
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus and
lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Luekaemia
Lymph
and
multiple
myeloma
Oseophagus
Melanoma &
skin
0-4
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.60
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
3.70
0.84
0.00
0.06
5-9
0.16
0.00
0.05
0.20
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.05
0.05
3.60
2.30
0.00
0.00
10-14
0.11
0.00
0.06
0.20
0.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.90
1.99
0.06
0.17
15-19
0.45
0.00
0.45
0.20
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.11
4.00
2.45
0.06
0.22
20-24
0.56
0.05
0.56
0.30
0.10
0.30
0.00
0.05
0.15
3.10
1.72
0.15
0.25
25-29
1.18
0.48
0.64
0.40
0.20
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.27
2.50
2.19
0.16
0.21
30-34
3.39
1.11
1.42
0.90
0.30
1.11
0.10
0.00
0.37
2.00
2.59
0.43
0.37
35-39
5.88
1.64
3.28
1.20
0.80
2.46
0.00
0.14
0.68
2.80
3.35
1.30
0.62
40-44
16.58
3.92
4.55
2.10
2.10
4.99
0.40
0.27
1.69
3.70
5.70
3.92
1.43
45-49
28.83
7.24
7.12
6.70
1.70
11.70
0.30
0.92
2.76
4.10
8.96
8.04
1.38
50-54
51.45
13.90
11.87
12.00
4.80
24.60
1.00
3.52
5.42
5.30
13.92
15.98
3.37
55-59
70.71
21.70
18.10
19.00
5.90
36.80
0.60
10.70
10.50
9.50
17.89
27.57
4.42
60-64
84.09
22.40
22.41
24.00
9.30
46.10
2.30
20.10
14.60
8.80
21.65
35.50
5.79
65-69
110.80
42.50
33.12
40.00
12.00
80.20
2.00
47.90
27.40
13.00
33.53
47.03
8.18
70-74
112.50
49.40
49.98
48.00
11.00
78.00
4.80
81.50
42.80
17.00
37.49
51.17
12.50
75+
107.70
36.10
40.75
53.00
15.00
81.50
4.10
134.00
44.80
19.00
39.01
52.40
14.55
All ages
12.48
3.78
3.86
3.71
1.27
6.62
0.26
3.57
2.35
4.07
5.04
4.47
1.05
Site
Age
56
Table A20 . No. of deaths in 1998 due to cancer by site (males)-Cancer Registry Data
57
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Leukemia
Lymphomas
and multiple
myelomas
Oseophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
0-4
17
5-9
20
14
10-14
23
15-19
41
14
20-24
20
25-29
19
11
30-39
20
14
35-39
16
13
20
20
17
40-44
34
17
12
16
18
27
10
45-49
64
31
19
12
46
15
15
22
50-54
96
35
22
26
21
78
17
32
35
55-59
97
52
25
27
12
74
21
32
45
60-64
98
47
23
31
13
84
29
22
29
51
65-69
82
55
29
28
15
87
24
17
17
30
38
70-74
71
47
27
30
10
65
35
18
14
25
30
75+
71
38
33
29
15
67
80
36
19
40
33
All ages
645
351
210
207
105
552
189
105
323
312
278
33
Table A21. Mortality rates per 100,000due to cancer by site (males) Cancer Registry data
58
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and
lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Leukemia
Lymphomas
and multiple
myelomas
Oseophagus
Melanoma &
Skin
0.06
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.06
0.06
0.96
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.05
0.73
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.27
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.11
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.28
0.78
0.00
0.00
20-24
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.00
0.15
0.00
0.05
0.00
1.01
0.20
0.05
0.00
25-29
0.21
0.27
0.21
0.11
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
1.02
0.59
0.16
0.00
30-34
0.49
0.56
0.25
0.31
0.06
0.43
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.23
0.86
0.25
0.06
35-39
1.09
0.89
0.48
0.27
0.27
1.37
0.00
0.00
0.14
1.37
1.16
0.41
0.27
40-44
3.03
1.52
1.07
0.53
0.71
1.43
0.00
0.18
0.09
1.60
2.41
0.89
0.09
45-49
7.35
3.56
2.18
1.38
0.57
5.28
0.11
0.11
0.46
1.72
1.72
2.53
0.34
50-54
14.07
5.13
3.22
3.81
3.08
11.43
0.00
1.03
1.32
2.49
4.69
5.13
0.59
55-59
20.41
10.94
5.26
5.68
2.53
15.57
0.00
1.89
1.47
4.42
6.73
9.47
0.63
60-64
24.67
11.83
5.79
7.81
3.27
21.15
0.76
7.30
2.01
5.54
7.30
12.84
0.50
65-69
33.53
22.49
11.86
11.45
6.13
35.58
0.41
9.81
6.95
6.95
12.27
15.54
1.23
70-74
42.25
27.97
16.07
17.85
5.95
38.68
0.00
20.83
10.71
8.33
14.88
17.85
4.17
75+
41.34
22.12
19.21
16.88
8.73
39.01
0.00
46.58
20.96
11.06
23.29
19.21
2.91
All
ages
3.51
1.91
1.14
1.13
0.57
3.01
0.03
1.03
0.57
1.76
1.70
1.51
0.18
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
0.06
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
10-14
0.06
15-19
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
0-4
Table A22. No. of incidence cases of cancer by site (males) : 1990-98 data from Cancer Registries
59
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Leukemia
Lymphomas
and multiple
myelomas
Oseophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
0-4
18
31
579
151
12
5-9
29
10
595
415
10-14
43
10
503
350
14
15-19
79
14
27
10
574
323
15
20-24
114
28
83
12
37
10
17
433
342
23
33
25-29
219
84
106
27
22
67
30
361
392
29
44
30-34
459
145
152
40
43
155
14
54
324
385
98
63
35-39
834
251
214
67
72
240
14
14
95
311
434
181
103
40-44
1415
387
278
82
130
528
34
29
143
344
492
378
119
45-49
1914
577
359
134
166
836
44
66
200
264
531
639
135
50-54
2814
831
424
202
226
1334
51
206
354
308
648
955
193
55-59
2595
864
417
208
236
1470
54
347
430
257
672
982
180
60-64
2925
956
428
242
266
1733
57
599
541
243
693
1136
196
65-69
2131
798
412
220
218
1432
58
767
572
214
596
908
185
70-74
1548
633
287
159
164
1071
42
957
486
169
472
678
150
75+
1379
608
335
151
181
868
43
1449
608
205
440
737
204
All ages
18516
6186
3531
1605
1736
9790
417
4474
3555
5684
7336
6751
1651
Table A23. Case fatality rates(%) of cancer by site (males) Cancer Registry data
60
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Prostate
Bladder
Leukemia
Lymphomas
and multiple
mylomas
Oseophagus
Melamoma
& skin
0-4
5.56
0.00
0.00
3.23
0.00
66.67
0.00
0.00
14.29
2.94
1.99
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.36
3.37
0.00
0.00
10-14
2.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.57
1.43
0.00
0.00
15-20
0.00
0.00
7.41
20.00
0.00
22.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.14
4.33
0.00
0.00
20-25
1.75
7.14
3.61
33.33
0.00
8.11
0.00
10.00
0.00
4.62
1.17
4.35
0.00
25-30
1.83
5.95
3.77
7.41
4.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.67
5.26
2.81
10.34
0.00
30-35
1.74
6.21
2.63
12.50
2.33
4.52
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.17
3.64
4.08
1.59
35-40
1.92
5.18
3.27
5.97
5.56
8.33
0.00
0.00
2.11
6.43
3.92
3.31
3.88
40-45
2.40
4.39
4.32
7.32
6.15
3.03
0.00
6.90
0.70
5.23
5.49
2.65
0.84
45-50
3.34
5.37
5.29
8.96
3.01
5.50
2.27
1.52
2.00
5.68
2.82
3.44
2.22
50-55
3.41
4.21
5.19
12.87
9.29
5.85
0.00
3.40
2.54
5.52
4.94
3.66
2.07
55-60
3.74
6.02
6.00
12.98
5.08
5.03
0.00
2.59
1.63
8.17
4.76
4.58
1.67
60-65
3.35
4.92
5.37
12.81
4.89
4.85
5.26
4.84
1.48
9.05
4.18
4.49
1.02
65-70
3.85
6.89
7.04
12.73
6.88
6.08
1.72
3.13
2.97
7.94
5.03
4.19
1.62
70-75
4.59
7.42
9.41
18.87
6.10
6.07
0.00
3.66
3.70
8.28
5.30
4.42
4.67
75+
5.15
6.25
9.85
19.21
8.29
7.72
0.00
5.52
5.92
9.27
9.09
4.48
2.45
All
ages
3.48
5.67
5.95
12.90
6.05
5.64
1.20
4.22
2.95
5.68
4.25
4.12
2.00
Table A24. Population covered (females) by Cancer Registries

AgeBangalore Mumbai
Chennai Bhopal
Delhi
group
Barshi
Total
0-4
245131
507133
147978
76752
627321
32371
1636686
5-9
286767
562586
178523
81468
634579
31010
1774933
10-14
281627
538530
185612
75743
548517
22776
1652805
15-19
262059
483097
202998
66205
460900
16521
1491780
20-24
278125
542854
232399
71009
510670
21401
1656458
25-29
270521
531100
218735
63419
559404
20459
1663638
30-34
195609
424380
166835
47117
458307
17341
1309589
35-39
179122
385873
156767
39704
380540
15155
1157161
40-44
119677
276330
116230
28635
252484
13089
806445
45-49
98060
228472
95962
24712
204268
11647
663121
50-54
77689
175558
78107
17178
154497
10130
513159
55-59
52066
132312
66103
11657
130648
7622
400408
60-64
56797
112630
57527
12305
106800
8320
354379
65-69
31958
67905
38849
6677
66880
5299
217568
70-74
24148
46154
25862
5524
40957
4322
146967
75+
30015
56081
30956
5684
46660
4435
173831
All
ages
2489371
5070995
1999443
633789
5183432
241898
15618928
61
Table A25. No. of incident cases of cancer in 1998 by site (females) Cancer Registry data
62
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphomas
and multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oesophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
53
5-9
19
29
10-14
13
35
15-19
14
13
30
20-24
10
18
11
22
24
17
25-29
13
11
14
63
38
35
15
28
30-34
21
29
11
167
109
29
20
34
35-39
40
32
33
312
201
58
21
37
15
18
40-44
65
20
48
24
415
273
108
34
33
35
24
45-49
91
33
44
15
21
461
359
91
32
22
47
11
42
50-54
110
57
54
15
15
32
409
353
125
42
25
69
17
56
55-59
101
41
47
19
13
31
352
265
117
15
45
17
68
16
45
60-64
133
65
54
20
15
45
327
274
98
12
53
33
72
18
72
65-69
109
45
46
19
14
42
248
176
65
19
63
15
64
18
55
70-74
87
35
46
16
17
31
149
109
45
16
44
17
48
15
26
75+
67
34
47
17
17
35
197
85
57
22
47
19
61
20
27
All ages
862
414
450
131
123
278
3126
2253
874
116
489
444
492
147
379
Table A26. Incidence rates of Cancer/100,000 by site (females) Cancer Registry data
63
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphomas
and multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oesophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.06
0.24
3.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.23
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.07
1.63
0.00
0.00
0.00
10-14
0.36
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.36
0.00
0.79
2.12
0.00
0.06
0.00
15-19
0.34
0.13
0.07
0.00
0.07
0.13
0.54
0.00
0.94
0.00
0.87
2.01
0.00
0.13
0.13
20-24
0.60
0.42
0.24
0.00
0.06
0.06
1.09
0.66
1.33
0.06
1.45
1.03
0.24
0.18
0.12
25-29
0.78
0.66
0.84
0.06
0.00
0.12
3.79
2.28
2.10
0.12
0.90
1.68
0.24
0.18
0.24
30-34
1.60
2.21
0.84
0.23
0.38
0.31
12.80
8.32
2.21
0.23
1.53
2.60
0.38
0.38
0.46
35-39
3.46
2.77
2.85
0.35
0.35
0.60
27.00
17.37
5.01
0.26
1.81
3.20
1.30
0.78
1.56
40-44
8.06
2.48
5.95
0.74
0.62
2.98
51.50
33.85
13.39
0.87
4.22
4.09
4.34
1.12
2.98
45-49
13.72
4.98
6.64
0.90
2.26
3.17
69.50
54.14
13.72
0.90
4.83
3.32
7.09
1.66
6.33
50-54
21.44
11.11
10.52
2.92
2.92
6.24
79.70
68.79
24.36
1.75
8.18
4.87
13.45
3.31
10.91
55-59
25.22
10.24
11.74
4.75
3.25
7.74
87.90
66.18
29.22
3.75
11.24
4.25
16.98
4.00
11.24
60-64
37.53
18.34
15.24
5.64
4.23
12.70
92.30
77.32
27.65
3.39
14.96
9.31
20.32
5.08
20.32
65-69
50.10
20.68
21.14
8.73
6.43
19.30
114.00
80.89
29.88
8.73
28.96
6.89
29.42
8.27
25.28
70-74
59.20
23.81
31.30
10.89
11.57
21.09
101.00
74.17
30.62
10.90
29.94
11.57
32.66
10.21
17.69
75+
38.54
19.56
27.04
9.78
9.78
20.13
113.00
48.90
32.79
12.70
27.04
10.93
35.09
11.51
15.53
All ages
5.52
2.65
2.88
0.84
0.79
1.78
20.01
14.42
5.60
0.74
3.13
2.84
3.15
0.94
2.43
Table-A27. No. of deaths due to Cancer in1998 by site (females) Cancer Registry data
64
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphomas
and multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oesophagus
Melan
oma &
Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
25
5-9
13
10-14
12
15-19
20-24
12
25-29
10
10
14
30-34
29
13
12
15
35-39
49
27
13
13
40-44
18
10
63
45
18
18
13
45-49
14
17
14
95
54
28
12
11
16
50-54
27
30
13
10
18
88
56
26
11
18
32
12
55-59
25
27
20
14
14
83
54
28
13
13
25
60-64
37
25
17
16
28
73
65
35
18
25
31
65-69
27
24
17
12
17
64
54
27
25
30
10
70-74
29
21
17
11
14
49
24
18
21
23
14
75+
16
16
20
15
10
18
70
40
22
17
15
33
15
All
ages
209
194
137
92
50
132
674
442
237
32
162
228
215
23
92
Table-A28. Mortality rates per 100,000 due to Cancer by site (females) - Cancer Registry data
65
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphomas
and multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oesophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.18
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
1.53
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.73
0.00
0.06
0.00
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.12
0.73
0.00
0.00
0.00
15-19
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.00
0.07
0.00
0.40
0.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
20-24
0.06
0.24
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.30
0.72
0.12
0.06
0.06
25-29
0.24
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.48
0.60
0.60
0.00
0.24
0.84
0.00
0.06
0.06
30-34
0.31
0.61
0.23
0.00
0.15
0.23
2.21
0.99
0.38
0.08
0.92
1.15
0.31
0.00
0.31
35-39
0.52
0.69
0.60
0.26
0.09
0.35
4.23
2.33
1.12
0.00
0.60
1.12
0.52
0.00
0.26
40-44
2.23
1.24
0.87
0.50
0.25
1.12
7.81
5.58
2.23
0.37
0.87
2.23
1.61
0.00
0.87
45-49
2.11
2.56
2.11
0.60
1.06
0.75
14.30
8.14
4.22
0.30
1.81
1.66
2.41
0.30
1.21
50-54
5.26
5.85
2.53
1.95
1.17
3.51
17.20
10.91
5.07
0.19
2.14
3.51
6.24
1.17
2.34
55-59
6.24
6.74
4.99
3.50
0.75
3.50
20.70
13.49
6.99
0.75
3.25
3.25
6.24
0.25
2.00
60-64
10.44
7.05
4.80
4.51
0.85
7.90
20.60
18.34
9.88
1.41
5.08
7.05
8.75
0.28
2.54
65-69
12.41
11.03
7.81
5.52
3.22
7.81
29.40
24.82
12.41
0.00
11.49
4.14
13.79
0.92
4.60
70-74
19.73
14.29
11.57
7.48
5.44
9.53
33.30
16.33
12.25
5.44
14.29
4.08
15.65
1.36
9.53
75+
9.20
9.20
11.51
8.63
5.75
10.35
40.30
23.01
12.66
5.18
9.78
8.63
18.98
3.45
8.63
All
ages
1.34
1.24
0.88
0.59
0.32
0.85
4.32
2.83
1.52
0.20
1.04
1.46
1.38
0.15
0.59
Table-A29. No. of incident cases of cancer by site (females) : 1990-98 Cancer Registry data
66
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphomas
and multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oseophagus
Melanoma
& Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
39
24
55
368
5-9
13
35
128
295
10-14
27
72
118
248
15-19
51
14
22
48
133
120
232
15
20-24
96
37
83
10
19
163
107
202
177
202
24
35
24
25-29
133
82
133
25
15
40
580
407
258
186
244
45
37
37
30-34
242
132
135
37
30
54
1309
1070
281
12
166
240
69
44
55
35-39
399
208
195
42
51
89
2383
2045
420
28
224
227
159
78
113
40-44
624
220
307
74
76
166
3109
2727
732
49
247
197
281
72
198
45-49
814
314
376
95
95
208
3361
3146
800
71
273
178
453
90
330
50-54
1085
403
436
108
122
286
3249
3126
883
85
376
195
661
135
415
55-59
907
351
384
121
150
283
2687
2478
723
87
377
164
629
133
371
60-64
1178
455
541
147
141
355
2559
2499
690
141
450
185
683
166
428
65-69
785
340
367
146
141
279
1675
1388
463
126
357
167
558
119
321
70-74
616
244
348
94
105
205
1085
883
284
121
287
113
433
112
216
75+
593
281
363
124
113
230
1173
749
288
142
229
135
513
150
206
All
ages
7572
3805
3700
1076
1053
2229
23385
20643
6288
891
3770
3390
4512
1208
2724
Table-A30. Case fatality rates (%) of Cancer by site (females) - Cancer Registry data
67
Site
Mouth and
oropharynx
Stomach
Colon
and
rectum
Liver
Pancreas
Trachea,
bronchus
and lungs
Breast
Cervix
Ovary
Bladder
Lymphom
as and
multiple
myeloma
Leukemia
Oseophagus
Melano
ma &
Skin
Corp.
Uteri
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.69
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.82
6.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
100.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.78
4.41
0.00
16.67
0.00
10-14
3.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.78
0.00
1.69
4.84
0.00
0.00
0.00
15-19
0.00
7.14
4.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.08
0.00
0.75
0.00
5.00
3.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
20-24
1.04
10.81
1.20
0.00
14.29
0.00
1.23
0.00
1.98
0.00
2.82
5.94
8.33
2.86
4.17
25-29
3.01
2.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
1.38
2.46
3.88
0.00
2.15
5.74
0.00
2.70
2.70
30-34
1.65
6.06
2.22
0.00
6.67
5.56
2.22
1.21
1.78
8.33
7.23
6.25
5.80
0.00
7.27
35-39
1.50
3.85
3.59
7.14
1.96
4.49
2.06
1.32
3.10
0.00
3.13
5.73
3.77
0.00
2.65
40-44
2.88
4.55
2.28
5.41
2.63
5.42
2.03
1.65
2.46
6.12
2.83
9.14
4.63
0.00
3.54
45-49
1.72
5.41
3.72
4.21
7.37
2.40
2.83
1.72
3.50
2.82
4.40
6.18
3.53
2.22
2.42
50-54
2.49
7.44
2.98
9.26
4.92
6.29
2.71
1.79
2.94
1.18
2.93
9.23
4.84
4.44
2.89
55-59
2.76
7.69
5.21
11.57
2.00
4.95
3.09
2.18
3.87
3.45
3.45
7.93
3.97
0.75
2.16
60-64
3.14
5.49
3.14
10.88
2.13
7.89
2.85
2.60
5.07
3.55
4.00
13.51
4.54
0.60
2.10
65-69
3.44
7.06
4.63
8.22
4.96
6.09
3.82
3.89
5.83
0.00
7.00
5.39
5.38
1.68
3.12
70-74
4.71
8.61
4.89
11.70
7.62
6.83
4.52
2.72
6.34
6.61
7.32
5.31
5.31
1.79
6.48
75+
2.70
5.69
5.51
12.10
8.85
7.83
5.97
5.34
7.64
6.34
7.42
11.11
6.43
4.00
7.28
All
ages
2.76
6.29
3.70
8.55
4.75
5.92
2.88
2.14
3.77
3.59
4.30
6.73
4.77
1.90
3.38
Table A31. Incident Rate/100,000 (for all sites) from combined data of cancer registries
Age
group
Males
Females
Incident
Cases
Total
Population
Incident
Rates
Incident
Cases
Total
Population
Incident
Rates
0-4
196
1778882
11.02
127
1636686
7.76
5-9
196
1911823
10.25
97
1774933
5.46
10-14
185
1812784
10.21
127
1652805
7.68
15-19
232
1795714
12.92
138
1491780
9.25
20-24
255
1977223
12.90
221
1656458
13.34
25-29
287
1871907
15.33
343
1663638
20.62
30-34
394
1621518
24.30
580
1309589
44.29
35-39
522
1462268
35.70
939
1157161
81.15
40-44
867
1121995
77.27
1283
806445
159.09
45-49
1115
870648
128.07
1499
663121
226.05
50-54
1500
682269
219.85
1643
513159
320.17
55-59
1549
475188
325.98
1411
400408
352.39
60-64
1638
397172
412.42
1585
354379
447.26
65-69
1522
244534
622.41
1193
217568
548.33
70-74
1243
168054
739.64
867
146967
589.93
75+
1338
171764
778.98
935
173831
537.88
Total
13039
18363743
71.00
12988
15618928
83.16
Extrapolation to Population of India

1998
345423
486483064
71.00
402039
483479011
83.16
2004
390809
505404000
71.00
428545
515354000
83.16
68
Table A32. Age specific mortality Rate/100,000 in population due to Cancer- derived from data of cancer registries
Age
group
Males
Females
No. of
Deaths
Total
Population
Mortality
Rate
No. of
Deaths
Total
Population
Mortality
Rate
0-4
51
1778882
2.87
39
1636686
2.38
9-May
54
1911823
2.82
24
1774933
1.35
14-Oct
38
1812784
2.1
29
1652805
1.75
15-19
77
1795714
4.29
26
1491780
1.74
20-24
60
1977223
3.03
49
1656458
2.96
25-29
74
1871907
3.95
73
1663638
4.39
30-34
108
1621518
6.66
116
1309589
8.86
35-39
154
1462268
10.53
184
1157161
15.9
40-44
241
1121995
21.48
273
806445
33.85
45-49
349
870648
40.09
365
663121
55.04
50-54
523
682269
76.66
430
513159
83.79
55-59
551
475188
115.95
406
400408
101.4
60-64
595
397172
149.81
494
354379
139.4
65-69
578
244534
236.37
419
217568
192.58
70-74
523
168054
311.21
330
146967
224.54
75+
649
171764
377.84
416
173831
239.31
All ages
4625
18363743
25.19
3673
15618928
23.52
Extrapolation to Population of India

1998
122523
4.86E+08
25.19
113696
483479011
23.52
2004
138622
5.05E+08
25.19
121192
515354000
23.52
69
Table B1. Input on IHD (Urban male) from Published/Available Data

Age
group
Total
population
(*)
Age
group
Prevalence
Rate /1000
(**)
Age
group
CaseFatality
Rate/100
Age
group
Population
mortality
/1000
(***)
Age
group
0-4
14214538
0-19
1.00
0-19
0-4
12.0
0-4
5-9
14073800
20-24
8.00
20-29
9.5
5-9
1.8
5-14
0.014
10-14
15340442
25-29
19.65
30-39
11
10-14
0.6
15-24
0.022
15-19
14636752
30-34
17.05
40-49
13
15-19
1.4
25-34
0.092
20-24
13651586
35-39
43.18
50-59
15
20-24
1.4
35-44
0.371
25-29
12807158
40-44
47.25
60+
17
25-29
2.2
45-54
1.394
30-34
11118302
45-49
83.26
30-34
3.0
55-64
3.935
35-39
9992398
50-54
93.07
35-39
3.6
65-69
7.576
40-44
8866494
55-59
162.44
40-44
4.5
70+
15.515
45-49
7177638
60+
173.65
45-49
5.9
50-54
5770258
50-54
9.8
55-59
4222140
55-59
15.7
60-64
3236974
60-64
27.6
65-69
2392546
65-69
37.0
70-74
1548118
70+
82.6
75-79
844428
80-84
422214
85+
281476
CFR: Case Fatality rate

*
IHD specific
mortality /1000
(#)
0.073
PR: Prevalence rate
Projected Population from Sample Registration System Statistical Report1998. Registrar General of India, New Delhi.
** Based on Published/Available Data.

*** Health Information of India-1999, Central Bureau of Health Intelligence, Directorate General of Health Services,
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
# Derived from MCCD( Medically Certified Cause of Death) Data-1998.
70
Table-B2. Input on IHD (Urban Female) from Published/Available Data

Age
group
Population
mortality
/1000
(***)
Age
group
IHD
specific
mortality
/1000
(#)
0-4
13.6
0-4
0.060
20-29
9.5
5-9
1.8
5-14
0.012
26.24
30-39
11
10-14
0.6
15-24
0.018
30-34
22.96
40-49
13
15-19
1.3
25-34
0.043
13065384
35-39
48.44
50-59
15
20-24
1.8
35-44
0.149
25-29
11528280
40-44
65.85
60+
17
25-29
1.8
45-54
0.628
30-34
10631636
45-49
105.35
30-34
1.5
55-64
2.285
35-39
8838348
50-54
111.88
35-39
2.2
65-69
4.950
40-44
7813612
55-59
152.75
40-44
2.9
70+
12.086
45-49
5892232
60+
175.35
45-49
4.0
50-54
4995588
50-54
6.4
55-59
3714668
55-59
12.3
60-64
3074208
60-64
20.6
65-69
2561840
65-69
30.4
70-74
1665196
70+
69.0
75-79
896644
80-84
512368
85+
384276
Age
group
CaseFatality
Rate/100
1.00
0-19
20-24
6.80
13833936
25-29
15-19
13193476
20-24
Age
group
Total
population
(*)
Age
group
Prevalence
Rate /1000
(**)
0-4
12681108
0-19
5-9
12809200
10-14
Projected Population from Sample Registration System

Statistical Report1998. Registrar General of India, New Delhi.

*** Health Information of India-1999, Central Bureau of Health Intelligence,
Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
71
Table-B3. Output on IHD (Urban Male) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
72
Prevalence
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalence
rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
1.00
10.00
0.07
0.59
1.09
500.00
11.15
2.03
0.01
2.25
2.49
5-9
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.54
1.12
476.31
11.09
3.09
0.01
7.88
7.42
10-14
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.30
1.12
249.31
11.22
6.82
0.01
17.90
12.05
15-19
1.00
10.00
0.02
0.18
1.33
24.27
11.56
6.68
0.02
9.85
18.17
20-24
8.00
95.00
0.02
3.32
6.10
171.06
9.35
3.20
0.06
7.44
23.27
25-29
19.65
95.00
0.09
9.59
18.15
424.26
5.70
2.12
0.10
3.76
27.64
30-34
17.05
110.00
0.09
11.00
20.71
500.00
5.56
2.03
0.12
2.86
32.59
35-39
43.18
110.00
0.37
17.26
28.75
472.41
8.70
2.66
0.25
3.39
37.65
40-44
47.25
130.00
0.37
16.22
45.12
250.09
9.85
4.13
0.45
3.18
42.34
45-49
83.26
130.00
1.39
22.35
69.02
216.87
13.00
3.07
0.90
3.13
47.85
50-54
93.07
150.00
1.39
43.31
89.11
371.66
19.69
2.66
1.76
2.99
52.64
55-59
162.44
150.00
3.94
59.08
129.69
295.74
24.51
2.60
3.19
2.52
57.61
60-64
173.65
170.00
3.94
82.29
156.38
419.50
32.15
1.91
5.03
2.17
62.60
65-69
173.65
170.00
7.58
90.23
145.11
498.49
58.95
1.67
8.55
2.73
67.50
70-74
173.65
170.00
15.51
90.94
136.83
492.67
101.55
1.63
13.89
2.91
72.50
75-79
173.65
170.00
15.51
72.52
134.87
353.91
129.47
2.13
17.46
2.69
77.30
80+
173.65
170.00
15.51
39.26
134.77
137.45
132.36
2.46
17.84
1.98
86.83
Table-B4. Output on IHD (Urban Female) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
73
Prevalence
rate/1000
Case fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalence
rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
1.00
10.00
0.06
0.58
1.08
500.00
11.08
2.03
0.01
2.13
2.49
5-9
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.53
1.10
476.45
10.77
3.09
0.01
7.58
7.41
10-14
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.29
1.08
249.39
10.77
6.85
0.01
17.43
12.05
15-19
1.00
10.00
0.02
0.18
1.27
24.38
10.99
6.61
0.01
9.80
18.30
20-24
6.80
95.00
0.02
4.17
7.22
174.38
7.90
3.21
0.06
5.50
23.29
25-29
26.24
95.00
0.04
12.41
23.08
424.94
3.22
2.14
0.07
2.98
27.66
30-34
22.96
110.00
0.04
14.93
27.59
500.00
1.91
2.14
0.05
2.23
32.60
35-39
48.44
110.00
0.15
23.26
38.89
472.52
2.58
3.75
0.10
2.16
37.64
40-44
65.85
130.00
0.15
20.63
60.36
239.54
2.81
9.56
0.17
1.96
42.24
45-49
105.35
130.00
0.63
7.93
86.71
21.78
3.79
12.00
0.33
1.93
46.99
50-54
111.88
150.00
0.63
7.40
108.41
8.85
6.38
7.08
0.69
1.96
53.02
55-59
152.75
150.00
2.29
32.78
149.64
110.79
9.72
3.54
1.46
1.78
57.98
60-64
175.35
170.00
2.29
79.46
172.39
376.62
15.88
2.07
2.74
1.77
62.70
65-69
175.35
170.00
4.95
95.92
158.71
497.70
34.58
1.75
5.48
2.26
67.49
70-74
175.35
170.00
12.09
89.49
142.70
500.00
75.17
1.61
10.71
2.76
72.47
75-79
175.35
170.00
12.09
83.63
126.72
497.73
109.77
1.59
13.90
2.81
77.48
80+
175.35
170.00
12.09
47.14
121.38
239.56
117.32
2.55
14.24
2.24
85.31
Table-B5. Computation of YLL and DALY for Urban Areas

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
Ageof
per100,000
Onset
Duration
Disability
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
Weight
(Incidence)
(Incidence)
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr.Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
per100,000
per100,000
per100,000
Male
0-4
8,529
60.0
2.5
2.0
0.5
3,917
8,049
7,378
27.6
0.0
5-14
11,766
40.0
9.1
4.5
0.5
27,733
24,984
18
15,268
94.3
0.1
51.9
15-29
172,601
420.0
26.3
2.5
0.5
297,584
203,620
84
159,017
724.1
0.2
386.9
30-44
437,667
1,460.0
37.7
3.0
0.5
802,887
619,586
488
432,862
2,678.3
1.6
1,444.0
45-59
659,329
3,840.0
53.3
2.7
0.5
821,887
840,046
1,992
734,878
4,786.8
11.6
4,280.0
60-69
482,450
8,570.0
64.8
1.8
0.5
313,910
409,790
1,423
402,724
5,576.1
25.3
7,153.8
70-79
201,931
8,440.0
74.0
1.8
0.5
103,673
171,519
731
153,658
4,333.2
30.5
6,422.4
27,655
3,930.0
86.8
2.5
0.5
13,563
32,625
197
44,762
1,927.4
27.9
6,361.0
2,001,928
1,423.9
52.4
2.4
0.5
2,385,155
2,310,220
4,937
1,950,548
1,696.4
3.5
1,387.3
0-4
7,609
60.0
2.5
2.0
0.5
3,495
7,181
6,582
27.6
0.0
51.9
5-14
10,657
40.0
9.1
4.5
0.5
25,121
22,631
13,830
94.3
0.0
51.9
15-29
200,272
530.0
26.3
2.5
0.5
345,292
236,264
123
178,312
913.8
0.3
471.9
30-44
526,573
1,930.0
37.5
5.0
0.5
1,545,543
1,242,412
323
522,714
5,664.7
1.2
1,915.9
45-59
205,895
1,410.0
54.4
6.1
0.5
519,492
592,670
862
758,667
3,557.6
5.9
5,195.5
60-69
489,773
8,690.0
65.1
1.9
0.5
332,984
439,122
962
442,021
5,908.1
17.1
7,842.7
70-79
223,905
8,740.0
74.2
1.6
0.5
102,208
169,052
551
165,740
3,989.6
21.5
6,469.6
80+
259,424
4,710.0
85.3
2.6
0.5
137,713
318,288
869
315,533
2,500.3
15.8
5,728.7
1,924,108
1,449.9
55.6
3.3
0.5
3,011,847
3,027,619
3,698
2,403,399
2,269.6
2.8
1,811.1
3,926,035
1,436.5
54.0
2.9
0.5
5,397,002
5,337,839
8,635
4,353,947
1,974.7
3.2
1,593.1
80+
74
Total
51.9
Female
Total
Total
persons
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
0-4
181
0.0
6,351
452
10,268
8,501
44.7
72.2
5-14
368
0.0
13,713
3,725
41,446
28,709
46.6
140.9
15-29
2,337
0.1
75,950
58,113
373,535
261,732
184.8
908.9
30-44
7,739
0.3
184,313
303,553
987,200
923,139
614.8
3,293.2
45-59
30,046
1.7
451,374
1,612,425
1,273,261
2,452,471
2,628.8
7,415.6
60-69
36,715
6.5
325,231
2,396,928
639,141
2,806,718
5,777.2
11,353.4
70-79
36,247
15.1
181,728
2,701,633
285,402
2,873,151
7,595.6
11,928.8
80+
12,553
17.8
27,347
1,069,034
40,909
1,101,659
3,886.2
5,813.6
Total
126,186
0.9
1,266,007
8,145,862
3,651,162
10,456,081
900.4
2,596.9
0-4
159
0.0
5,598
397
9,093
7,578
44.1
71.7
5-14
312
0.0
11,675
3,145
36,795
25,776
43.8
138.1
15-29
1,792
0.0
59,150
43,695
404,442
279,959
156.5
1,070.3
30-44
2,779
0.1
67,913
108,053
1,613,457
1,350,465
248.9
5,913.7
45-59
10,798
0.7
166,390
584,260
685,882
1,176,930
1,139.5
4,697.0
60-69
22,458
4.0
213,013
1,473,850
545,997
1,912,972
3,779.5
9,687.6
70-79
30,296
11.8
172,234
2,258,760
274,441
2,427,812
6,723.0
10,712.7
80+
12,768
2.3
29,471
1,095,789
167,183
1,414,077
535.1
3,035.3
Total
81,362
0.6
725,444
5,567,948
3,737,290
8,595,567
546.7
2,816.3
Total persons
207,548
0.8
1,991,451
13,713,810
7,388,453
19,051,649
728.7
2,703.4
YLL
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
75
Female
Table-B6. Input on IHD (Rural Male) from Published/Available Data

Age
group
Population
mortality/1000
(***)
Age
group
IHD
specific
mortality/
1000
(#)
0-4
23.2
0-4
0.037
20-29
9.5
5-9
2.1
5-14
0.007
13.67
30-39
11
10-14
1.1
15-24
0.011
30-34
12.39
40-49
13
15-19
1.8
25-34
0.046
31243584
35-39
18.79
50-59
15
20-24
2.5
35-44
0.186
25-29
28256415
40-44
17.94
60+
17
25-29
2.8
45-54
0.697
30-34
24924657
45-49
20.72
30-34
3.2
55-64
1.968
35-39
21942146
50-54
31.11
35-39
4.5
65-69
3.788
40-44
18254678
55-59
26.68
40-44
6.0
70+
7.758
45-49
14744163
60+
71.07
45-49
8.0
50-54
12464733
50-54
13.9
55-59
9127339
55-59
19.9
60-64
8941878
60-64
34.2
65-69
5967876
65-69
50.7
70-74
4044113
70+
97.4
75-79
1914826
80-84
1053155
85+
702103
Age
group
CaseFatality
Rate/100
1.00
0-19
20-24
17.54
44583541
25-29
15-19
35625490
20-24
Age
group
Total
population
(*)
Age
group
Prevalence
rate/1000
(**)
0-4
42828283
0-19
5-9
44583541
10-14

76
Table-B7. Input on IHD (Rural Female) from Published/Available Data

Age
group
Population
mortality/
1000
(***)
Age
group
IHD
specific
mortality/
1000
(#)
0-4
26.6
0-4
0.030
20-29
9.5
5-9
2.6
5-14
0.006
14.42
30-39
11
10-14
1.4
15-24
0.009
30-34
10.75
40-49
13
15-19
2.3
25-34
0.022
31945687
35-39
15.99
50-59
15
20-24
3.0
35-44
0.075
25-29
29316031
40-44
23.23
60+
17
25-29
2.8
45-54
0.314
30-34
27030966
45-49
38.78
30-34
3.2
55-64
1.143
35-39
21588240
50-54
49.86
35-39
3.2
65-69
2.475
40-44
18956781
55-59
50.91
40-44
4.1
70+
6.043
45-49
14042060
60+
67.44
45-49
5.5
50-54
12810975
50-54
9.5
55-59
9829442
55-59
14.2
60-64
10014903
60-64
24.5
65-69
6669979
65-69
37.4
70-74
4381123
70+
87.9
75-79
2297792
80-84
1053155
85+
702103
Age
group
Prevalen
ce
rate/1000
(**)
Age
group
CaseFatality
Rate/100
41424077
0-19
1.00
0-19
5-9
43881438
20-24
10.47
10-14
42477232
25-29
15-19
33180604
20-24
Age
group
Total
population
(*)
0-4

77
Table-B8. Output on IHD (Rural Male) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
78
Prevalence
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalence
rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of onset
(years)
0-4
1.00
10.00
0.04
0.04
0.97
47.46
10.48
4.22
0.01
1.71
3.78
5-9
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.26
0.90
289.84
9.46
3.32
0.01
5.46
7.81
10-14
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.24
0.90
248.91
9.03
4.15
0.01
8.97
12.19
15-19
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.28
1.02
215.75
9.78
2.83
0.01
6.46
18.10
20-24
17.54
95.00
0.01
2.58
3.18
470.86
8.19
2.01
0.03
4.32
23.18
25-29
13.67
95.00
0.05
6.84
10.50
500.00
4.37
1.98
0.05
2.62
27.64
30-34
12.39
110.00
0.05
7.12
13.86
499.93
4.40
2.02
0.06
2.38
32.47
35-39
18.79
110.00
0.19
7.40
14.37
474.89
9.66
2.60
0.14
3.16
37.50
40-44
17.94
130.00
0.19
5.13
16.65
255.34
13.76
4.10
0.23
3.29
42.20
45-49
20.72
130.00
0.70
5.31
19.84
211.88
23.47
3.33
0.47
3.86
47.84
50-54
31.11
150.00
0.70
8.08
21.18
320.95
43.72
4.28
0.93
4.17
52.44
55-59
26.68
150.00
1.97
4.86
24.62
79.01
62.14
6.91
1.53
4.05
57.28
60-64
71.07
170.00
1.97
4.74
33.79
0.01
71.34
5.74
2.41
3.06
62.65
65-69
71.07
170.00
3.79
8.50
46.60
25.09
91.80
3.49
4.28
2.92
67.86
70-74
71.07
170.00
7.76
23.84
58.61
243.93
122.38
1.85
7.18
2.72
72.85
75-79
71.07
170.00
7.76
38.02
60.45
459.72
142.00
1.38
8.58
2.38
77.56
80+
71.07
170.00
7.76
39.69
60.08
485.61
144.09
1.20
8.66
1.80
86.90
Table-B9. Output on IHD (Rural Female) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
79
Prevalence
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalence
rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
1.00
10.00
0.03
0.04
0.94
60.07
10.32
4.11
0.01
1.60
3.77
5-9
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.24
0.83
295.28
9.08
3.30
0.01
4.40
7.81
10-14
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.23
0.84
248.98
8.45
4.15
0.01
6.86
12.19
15-19
1.00
10.00
0.01
0.27
0.96
216.10
8.93
2.82
0.01
4.92
18.13
20-24
10.47
95.00
0.01
2.72
3.29
471.64
6.85
2.01
0.02
3.38
23.20
25-29
14.42
95.00
0.02
7.05
10.98
500.00
2.74
1.98
0.03
2.07
27.61
30-34
10.75
110.00
0.02
6.68
13.49
500.00
1.96
2.04
0.03
1.63
32.45
35-39
15.99
110.00
0.07
7.73
14.37
474.17
3.58
2.71
0.05
2.11
37.59
40-44
23.23
130.00
0.07
7.28
20.59
249.16
4.21
4.34
0.09
2.03
42.41
45-49
38.78
130.00
0.31
11.77
35.42
217.40
5.27
3.44
0.19
1.92
47.86
50-54
49.86
150.00
0.31
16.70
45.88
319.27
8.48
3.61
0.39
1.89
52.39
55-59
50.91
150.00
1.14
12.41
53.06
166.42
13.31
3.47
0.71
1.91
57.63
60-64
67.44
170.00
1.14
25.89
61.32
369.60
22.48
2.02
1.38
1.91
62.74
65-69
67.44
170.00
2.48
32.87
58.72
497.55
47.29
1.68
2.77
2.40
67.50
70-74
67.44
170.00
6.04
32.91
54.82
490.72
93.68
1.65
5.13
2.76
72.49
75-79
67.44
170.00
6.04
24.18
52.82
315.86
128.30
2.16
6.78
2.65
77.23
80+
67.44
170.00
6.04
22.89
52.41
288.49
132.53
1.57
6.95
1.98
89.37
Table-B10. Computation of YLL and DALY for Rural Area

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Disability
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr.
Prev.
Inc-based
Weight
(Incidence)
(Incidence)
(Prevalence)
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
per
100,000
per
100,000
per
100,000
Duration
Onset
Male
80
0-4
3.8
4.2
0.5
15
20,210
47.2
14-May
26,750
30
9.9
3.7
0.5
53,580
46,705
55
37,869
60.1
0.1
42.5
15-29
285,376
300
26
0.5
397,309
269,330
195
201,998
417.7
0.2
212.3
30-44
436,314
670
36.5
2.7
0.5
737,361
555,904
1,060
454,802
1,132.30
1.6
698.4
45-59
221,651
610
51.8
4.5
0.5
454,640
470,673
4,215
368,651
1,251.20
11.6
1,014.60
60-69
92,440
620
65.5
4.5
0.5
137,459
196,296
3,768
273,689
921.9
25.3
1,835.60
70-79
169,234
2,840.00
74.9
1.6
0.5
75,820
127,774
1,820
166,467
1,272.40
30.5
2,793.60
80+
69,684
3,970.00
86.9
1.2
0.5
16,981
39,459
490
49,780
967.4
27.9
2,836.00
Total
1,301,450
370.6
46
2.8
0.5
1,873,150
1,706,142
11,619
1,573,465
533.4
3.3
448
0-4
3.8
4.1
0.5
17,593
42.5
14-May
17,272
20
9.9
3.7
0.5
34,595
30,156
19
32,601
40.1
37.8
15-29
302,215
320
26
0.5
420,753
285,222
307
218,373
445.5
0.3
231.2
30-44
486,547
720
37
2.9
0.5
873,329
665,824
800
503,833
1,292.40
1.2
745.6
45-59
502,550
1,370.00
52.1
3.5
0.5
816,725
830,011
2,165
758,175
2,226.50
5.9
2,066.90
60-69
478,856
2,870.00
64.9
1.9
0.5
327,183
429,334
2,847
474,763
1,961.00
17.1
2,845.50
70-79
199,700
2,990.00
73.8
1.8
0.5
103,075
169,624
1,437
170,506
1,543.30
21.5
2,552.90
80+
40,195
2,290.00
89.4
1.6
0.5
12,014
30,348
277
43,402
684.5
15.8
2,472.70
Total
2,027,335
576.6
50.1
2.6
0.5
2,587,675
2,440,520
7,860
2,219,247
736
2.2
631.2
Total
persons
3,328,785
473.6
48.5
2.6
0.5
4,460,825
4,146,662
19,479
3,792,712
634.7
2.8
539.7
Female
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
0-4
435
0.0
14,926
671
14,926
671
34.9
34.9
5-14
740
0.0
27,572
7,360
81,152
54,065
30.9
91.0
15-29
2,464
0.0
80,622
60,155
477,931
329,485
84.8
502.4
30-44
8,749
0.1
209,489
341,403
946,850
897,306
321.7
1,454.0
45-59
32,370
0.9
487,534
1,734,910
942,175
2,205,583
1,341.7
2,592.9
60-69
47,085
3.2
418,756
3,070,453
556,215
3,266,749
2,808.6
3,730.5
70-79
45,442
7.6
231,333
3,376,725
307,153
3,504,499
3,882.1
5,154.5
80+
15,195
8.7
33,105
1,294,018
50,086
1,333,478
1,886.0
2,853.5
Total
152,480
0.4
1,503,338
9,885,694
3,376,488
11,591,836
428.1
961.4
0-4
400
0.0
13,742
580
13,742
580
33.2
33.2
5-14
635
0.0
23,758
6,278
58,353
36,434
27.5
67.6
15-29
1,904
0.0
63,108
45,850
483,860
331,072
66.8
512.3
30-44
3,477
0.1
85,060
135,048
958,390
800,872
125.9
1,418.2
45-59
14,560
0.4
225,354
786,005
1,042,079
1,616,016
614.3
2,840.8
60-69
32,314
1.9
310,519
2,112,170
637,702
2,541,504
1,861.1
3,822.0
70-79
38,052
5.7
216,479
2,836,610
319,554
3,006,234
3,241.2
4,784.5
80+
12,192
6.9
28,790
1,043,578
40,805
1,073,927
1,640.2
2,324.7
Total
103,534
0.3
966,811
6,966,118
3,554,486
9,406,639
275.0
1,010.9
Total persons
256,014
0.4
2,470,149
16,851,813
6,930,974
20,998,475
351.5
986.2
Male
81
Female
Table-B11. Input on Stroke (Male) from Published/Available Data

Case
Population
Total
Prevalence
Age
Age
Fatality
Age
mortality/
population
rate/1000
group
group
Rate/100 group
1000
(*)
(**)
(***)
Age
group
Stroke specific
mortality/100000
(#)
0-4
56799581
0-9
0.00
1.00
0-4
21.0
0-4
0.00
5-9
58741447
10-19
0.00
1.00
5-9
2.1
5-14
0.00
10-14
59960149
20-29
0.00
1.00
10-14
1.0
15-24
0.00
15-19
50254321
30-39
0.00
1.00
15-19
1.7
25-34
0.00
20-24
44177452
40-49
0.50
6.70
20-24
2.3
35-44
133.31
25-29
40293720
50-59
5.80
10.00
25-29
2.6
45-54
177.41
30-34
35204359
60-69
8.80
14.00
30-34
3.2
55-64
323.58
35-39
30825211
70-79
9.10
17.00
35-39
4.2
65-69
443.14
40-44
26700658
80-89
7.70
32.00
40-44
5.6
70+
687.16
45-49
21611826
90+
42.00
33.00
45-49
7.4
50-54
17722764
50-54
12.9
55-59
12869276
55-59
18.9
60-64
12136663
60-64
32.8
65-69
8252931
65-69
47.6
70-74
5592574
70+
94.1
75-79
2912799
80-84
1456400
85+
970933

82
Table-B12. Input on Stroke (Female) from Published/Available Data

Age
group
Total
population
(*)
Age
group
Prevalenc
e
rate/1000
(**)
Case
Fatality
Rate/100
Age
group
Population
mortality/1000
(***)
Age
group
Stroke
specific
mortality/
100000
(#)
0-4
54857715
0-9
0.00
1.00
0-4
24.10
0-4
0.00
5-9
57770514
10-19
0.00
1.00
5-9
2.4
5-14
0.00
10-14
57522744
20-29
0.20
1.00
10-14
1.2
15-24
0.00
15-19
46838979
30-39
0.20
1.00
15-19
2.0
25-34
90.83
20-24
45148385
40-49
1.70
6.70
20-24
2.7
35-44
114.82
25-29
41264653
50-59
5.30
10.00
25-29
2.6
45-54
130.47
30-34
37615616
60-69
8.00
14.00
30-34
2.8
55-64
226.47
35-39
30343568
70-79
25.20
17.00
35-39
3.0
65-69
366.96
40-44
26700658
80-89
75.00
32.00
40-44
3.8
70+
642.70
45-49
20138293
90+
0.00
33.00
45-49
5.2
50-54
18201757
50-54
8.8
55-59
13345915
55-59
13.7
60-64
13107596
60-64
23.8
65-69
9223864
65-69
35.8
70-74
6058622
70+
83.4
75-79
2912799
80-84
1456400
85+
970933

83
Table-B13. Output on Stroke (Male) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
84
Prevalenc
e rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalenc
e rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.60
5-9
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.64
10-14
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.52
15-19
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
17.50
20-24
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
22.50
25-29
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
136.41
1.00
4.11
0.00
1.37
28.50
30-34
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
338.60
1.01
3.68
0.00
1.30
33.40
35-39
0.00
1.00
1.33
0.06
0.12
180.88
1.46
4.45
0.00
1.34
38.00
40-44
0.50
6.70
1.33
0.17
0.41
263.64
4.13
3.33
0.00
1.76
42.77
45-49
0.50
6.70
1.77
0.25
0.63
282.36
7.12
3.95
0.00
1.92
47.65
50-54
5.80
10.00
1.77
1.12
2.19
194.69
8.83
3.04
0.02
1.65
53.15
55-59
5.80
10.00
3.24
3.29
6.04
425.58
10.69
2.00
0.06
1.55
57.74
60-64
8.80
14.00
3.24
4.62
8.33
500.00
13.47
1.81
0.11
1.41
62.56
65-69
8.80
14.00
4.43
4.79
9.24
500.00
14.99
1.77
0.14
1.33
67.49
70-74
9.10
17.00
6.87
4.70
9.20
495.24
16.36
1.76
0.15
1.24
72.49
75-79
9.10
17.00
6.87
3.77
9.05
407.89
19.44
1.95
0.18
1.19
77.32
80+
17.13
32.52
6.87
9.91
18.45
453.80
34.11
1.18
0.63
1.11
92.46
All ages
1.03
NA
0.70
0.48
0.92
434.31
15.06
1.98
0.01
1.33
65.61
Table-B14. Output on Stroke (Female) using DISMOD

Input Variables
Output Variables
85
Age
group
Prevalenc
e
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Mortality
rate/1000
Incident
rates/1000
Prevalence
rate/1000
Remission
rate/1000
Case
fatality
rate/1000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/1000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.50
5-9
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.50
10-14
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
31.70
1.00
5.16
0.00
1.71
14.25
15-19
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.04
0.07
239.63
1.00
2.89
0.00
1.47
18.17
20-24
0.20
1.00
0.00
0.10
0.19
456.54
1.00
2.07
0.00
1.38
22.59
25-29
0.20
1.00
0.91
0.10
0.21
500.00
1.00
2.10
0.00
1.38
27.47
30-34
0.20
1.00
0.91
0.09
0.20
452.19
1.01
3.02
0.00
1.36
32.39
35-39
0.20
1.00
1.15
0.09
0.25
200.22
1.39
4.43
0.00
1.47
38.07
40-44
1.70
6.70
1.15
0.54
1.02
275.72
4.35
3.32
0.00
2.14
42.99
45-49
1.70
6.70
1.30
0.84
2.17
282.49
7.21
3.96
0.02
2.34
47.45
50-54
5.30
10.00
1.30
1.19
3.81
184.56
8.84
3.20
0.03
1.99
52.86
55-59
5.30
10.00
2.26
2.75
5.71
420.65
10.74
2.11
0.06
1.77
57.75
60-64
8.00
14.00
2.26
3.83
7.41
449.17
13.59
2.62
0.10
1.56
62.48
65-69
8.00
14.00
3.67
2.87
9.59
206.11
15.19
3.69
0.15
1.45
67.53
70-74
25.20
17.00
6.43
8.20
18.93
265.59
17.26
2.62
0.33
1.33
72.96
75-79
25.20
17.00
6.43
13.60
33.53
281.96
21.59
2.81
0.73
1.28
77.53
80+
54.38
32.52
6.43
19.33
44.86
355.24
30.05
1.54
1.34
1.25
84.74
All ages
1.68
NA
0.73
0.66
1.57
312.49
15.71
2.66
0.02
1.44
64.92
Table-B15. Computation of YLL and DALY
YLD
Incidence
Inc-based
Inciden
ce
Curr.
Prev.
Inc-based
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
YLD
per
100,000
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
0.0
0.9
31
0.1
5-14
10.0
0.0
0.9
15
0.0
15-29
28.5
4.1
0.9
59
0.0
86
30-44
9,273
10.0
40.8
3.7
0.9
38,378
31,565
494
17,062
41.4
0.5
18.4
45-59
67,865
130.0
55.6
2.5
0.9
145,907
156,090
5,036
120,069
279.5
9.6
230.0
60-69
95,831
470.0
64.6
1.8
0.9
122,169
158,696
9,240
163,198
599.2
45.3
800.4
70-79
37,424
440.0
73.9
1.8
0.9
37,559
61,974
6,146
71,207
441.6
72.3
837.2
80+
25,002
1,030.0
92.5
1.2
0.9
10,102
27,602
1,823
41,313
416.2
75.1
1,702.0
Total
235,394
48.4
65.5
2.0
0.9
354,115
435,926
22,844
412,850
72.8
4.7
84.9
Female
0-4
2.5
0.0
0.9
25
0.0
5-14
14.2
5.2
0.9
22
0.0
15-29
13,325
10.0
23.6
2.2
0.9
39,780
26,970
40
24,518
29.9
0.0
18.4
30-44
18,932
20.0
40.5
3.4
0.9
72,851
59,219
306
34,835
77.0
0.3
36.8
45-59
77,529
150.0
54.0
2.8
0.9
191,949
199,715
3,163
175,939
371.4
6.1
340.4
60-69
78,160
350.0
64.2
3.0
0.9
162,408
215,722
8,246
170,523
727.3
36.9
763.6
70-79
91,508
1,020.0
75.0
2.7
0.9
130,458
227,307
6,239
195,613
1,454.1
69.5
2,180.4
80+
49,760
2,050.0
84.7
1.5
0.9
31,188
68,669
1,930
100,268
1,284.9
79.5
4,130.8
Total
Total
persons
329,215
68.1
64.9
2.6
0.9
628,634
797,602
19,971
701,696
130.0
4.1
145.1
564,609
58.2
65.1
2.4
0.9
982,749
1,233,529
42,815
1,114,546
101.3
4.4
114.9
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per
100,000
0-4
1,300
0.0
43,724
897
43,724
897
77.0
77.0
5-14
591
0.0
22,016
5,690
22,016
5,690
18.5
18.5
15-29
2,353
0.0
77,813
55,740
77,813
55,740
57.8
57.8
30-44
5,797
0.1
139,528
225,067
177,907
256,632
150.5
191.9
45-59
49,982
1.0
742,961
2,696,321
888,868
2,852,410
1,423.2
1,702.7
60-69
98,825
4.8
882,899
6,436,155
1,005,067
6,594,851
4,330.1
4,929.3
70-79
96,855
11.4
483,038
7,226,439
520,597
7,288,413
5,679.2
6,120.8
80+
49,406
20.4
102,137
4,236,893
112,239
4,264,495
4,207.8
4,623.9
Total
305,109
0.6
2,494,114
20,883,202
2,848,230
21,319,128
512.7
585.5
0-4
1,033
0.0
35,352
1,348
35,352
1,348
64.4
64.4
5-14
854
0.0
31,952
7,957
31,952
7,957
27.7
27.7
15-29
1,605
0.0
53,244
38,436
93,025
65,406
40.0
69.8
30-44
4,003
0.0
98,942
153,824
171,793
213,043
104.5
181.5
45-59
33,593
0.6
521,129
1,811,497
713,078
2,011,211
1,008.3
1,379.6
60-69
91,030
4.1
877,889
5,943,394
1,040,297
6,159,116
3,931.2
4,658.4
70-79
101,778
11.3
583,863
7,574,056
714,321
7,801,363
6,508.0
7,962.2
80+
54,359
22.4
117,430
4,699,598
148,618
4,768,267
4,837.8
6,122.7
Total
288,253
0.6
2,319,801
20,230,110
2,948,435
21,027,712
479.8
609.8
Total
persons
593,362
0.6
4,813,915
41,113,312
5,796,665
42,346,840
496.3
597.6
YLL
Male
87
Female
Table B16. Computation of YLL and DALY for Urban Areas

Inc-based
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr. Prev.
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
0-4
4,146
6.7
2.7
48.4
0.0
1,650
2,545
393
393
2.7
0.6
0.6
5-14
22,542
18.9
11.0
42.9
0.0
9,551
12,267
2,113
2,113
8.0
1.8
1.8
15-29
150,981
102.7
24.4
31.9
0.0
53,158
60,994
14,419
14,419
36.2
9.8
9.8
30-44
454,973
414.5
38.1
22.9
0.0
110,878
132,364
56,157
56,157
101.0
51.2
51.2
45-59
366,672
563.2
51.4
15.8
0.0
54,476
73,295
82,170
82,170
83.7
126.2
126.2
60-69
105,585
440.0
64.4
10.2
0.0
8,515
13,718
39,818
39,818
35.5
165.9
165.9
70-79
38,876
335.0
73.8
7.0
0.0
1,826
3,471
20,269
20,269
15.7
174.6
174.6
80+
5,753
191.4
83.0
4.5
0.0
144
330
5,376
5,376
4.8
178.9
178.9
Total
1,149,529
212.5
43.7
20.5
0.0
240,198
298,984
220,714
220,714
44.4
40.8
40.8
0-4
1,040
1.8
2.8
43.5
0.0
396
574
69
69
0.7
0.1
0.1
5-14
8,813
7.9
11.4
39.3
0.0
3,614
4,395
574
574
3.3
0.5
0.5
15-29
123,149
91.2
25.2
30.2
0.0
41,944
47,142
8,173
8,173
31.1
6.1
6.1
30-44
535,200
535.1
38.1
23.8
0.0
132,912
161,581
54,301
54,301
132.9
54.3
54.3
45-59
374,171
602.5
51.3
17.2
0.0
58,832
81,473
89,971
89,971
94.7
144.9
144.9
60-69
91,164
355.8
64.2
11.1
0.0
7,853
12,859
44,285
44,285
30.7
172.9
172.9
70-79
20,741
159.0
73.3
8.2
0.0
1,113
2,145
19,556
19,556
8.5
149.9
149.9
80+
1,459
39.1
82.5
5.8
0.0
46
106
4,687
4,687
1.2
125.7
125.7
Total
1,155,737
227.3
43.5
21.2
0.0
246,709
310,275
221,616
221,616
48.5
43.6
43.6
Total
persons
2,305,265
219.6
43.6
20.8
0.0
486,907
609,259
442,330
442,330
46.4
42.1
42.1
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
88
Female
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
0-4
1,650
2,545
2.7
5-14
9,551
12,267
8.0
15-29
295
0.0
9,179
8,113
62,337
69,106
6.2
42.4
30-44
1,500
0.0
36,322
57,895
147,200
190,259
33.1
134.1
45-59
7,983
0.1
119,528
429,233
174,004
502,527
183.6
267.3
60-69
7,728
0.3
67,877
505,730
76,393
519,448
282.9
318.3
70-79
7,240
0.6
36,966
537,675
38,792
541,146
318.5
334.2
80+
2,130
0.7
4,640
181,393
4,785
181,724
154.4
159.2
Total
26,876
0.0
274,512
1,720,038
514,710
2,019,022
50.7
95.1
0-4
396
574
0.7
5-14
3,614
4,395
3.3
15-29
208
0.0
6,529
5,720
48,473
52,862
4.8
35.9
30-44
1,073
0.0
26,451
41,353
159,362
202,933
26.4
159.3
45-59
6,756
0.1
105,195
363,720
164,026
445,193
169.4
264.1
60-69
7,670
0.3
72,891
503,060
80,744
515,919
284.5
315.2
70-79
6,717
0.5
38,953
498,738
40,065
500,882
298.6
307.2
80+
2,351
0.6
5,429
201,759
5,475
201,865
145.6
146.8
Total
24,775
0.0
255,447
1,614,349
502,156
1,924,624
50.2
98.7
Total persons
51,651
0.0
529,959
3,334,387
1,016,866
3,943,646
50.5
96.9
Male
Female
89
Table-B17. Computation of YLL and DALY for Rural Area
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
90
0-4
4,146
6.7
2.7
48.4
0.0
1,650
2,545
393
2.7
0.6
5-14
22,542
18.9
11.0
42.9
0.0
9,551
12,267
2,113
8.0
1.8
15-29
150,981
102.7
24.4
31.9
0.0
53,158
60,994
14,419
36.2
9.8
30-44
454,973
414.5
38.1
22.9
0.0
110,878
132,364
56,157
38,131
101.0
51.2
34.7
45-59
366,672
563.2
51.4
15.8
0.0
54,476
73,295
82,170
82,965
83.7
126.2
127.4
60-69
105,585
440.0
64.4
10.2
0.0
8,515
13,718
39,818
48,774
35.5
165.9
203.3
70-79
38,876
335.0
73.8
7.0
0.0
1,826
3,471
20,269
8,917
15.7
174.6
76.8
80+
5,753
191.4
83.0
4.5
0.0
144
330
5,376
3,067
4.8
178.9
102.1
Total
1,149,529
212.5
43.7
20.5
0.0
240,198
298,984
220,714
181,855
44.4
40.8
33.6
0-4
1,040
1.8
2.8
43.5
0.0
396
574
69
0.7
0.1
5-14
8,813
7.9
11.4
39.3
0.0
3,614
4,395
574
3.3
0.5
15-29
123,149
91.2
25.2
30.2
0.0
41,944
47,142
8,173
4,796
31.1
6.1
3.6
30-44
535,200
535.1
38.1
23.8
0.0
132,912
161,581
54,301
26,504
132.9
54.3
26.5
45-59
374,171
602.5
51.3
17.2
0.0
58,832
81,473
89,971
44,330
94.7
144.9
71.4
60-69
91,164
355.8
64.2
11.1
0.0
7,853
12,859
44,285
20,985
30.7
172.9
81.9
70-79
20,741
159.0
73.3
8.2
0.0
1,113
2,145
19,556
6,119
8.5
149.9
46.9
80+
1,459
39.1
82.5
5.8
0.0
46
106
4,687
6,614
1.2
125.7
177.4
Total
Total
persons
1,155,737
227.3
43.5
21.2
0.0
246,709
310,275
221,616
109,347
48.5
43.6
21.5
2,305,265
219.6
43.6
20.8
0.0
486,907
609,259
442,330
291,202
46.4
42.1
27.7
Female
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
0-4
1,650
2,545
2.7
5-14
9,551
12,267
8.0
15-29
295
0.0
9,179
8,113
62,337
69,106
6.2
42.4
30-44
1,500
0.0
36,322
57,895
147,200
190,259
33.1
134.1
45-59
7,983
0.1
119,528
429,233
174,004
502,527
183.6
267.3
60-69
7,728
0.3
67,877
505,730
76,393
519,448
282.9
318.3
70-79
7,240
0.6
36,966
537,675
38,792
541,146
318.5
334.2
80+
2,130
0.7
4,640
181,393
4,785
181,724
154.4
159.2
Total
26,876
0.0
274,512
1,720,038
514,710
2,019,022
50.7
95.1
0-4
396
574
0.7
5-14
3,614
4,395
3.3
15-29
208
0.0
6,529
5,720
48,473
52,862
4.8
35.9
30-44
1,073
0.0
26,451
41,353
159,362
202,933
26.4
159.3
45-59
6,756
0.1
105,195
363,720
164,026
445,193
169.4
264.1
60-69
7,670
0.3
72,891
503,060
80,744
515,919
284.5
315.2
70-79
6,717
0.5
38,953
498,738
40,065
500,882
298.6
307.2
80+
2,351
0.6
5,429
201,759
5,475
201,865
145.6
146.8
Total
24,775
0.0
255,447
1,614,349
502,156
1,924,624
50.2
98.7
Total persons
51,651
0.0
529,959
3,334,387
1,016,866
3,943,646
50.5
96.9
Male
Female
91
Table B18. DISMOD Analysis for Mouth and Oropharynx Cancer Data (males)
Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
92
Incident
rates/100,000
Case
fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case
fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
0.11
5560.00
0.06
0.13
0.32
0.17
10.51
43.59
0.00
1.01
2.51
5-9
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.14
0.97
0.08
6.40
40.73
0.00
1.03
7.52
10-14
0.11
2330.00
0.06
0.15
1.67
0.01
5.84
35.96
0.00
1.06
12.59
15-19
0.45
0.00
0.00
0.28
2.66
0.00
23.79
30.95
0.00
1.22
17.85
20-24
0.56
1750.00
0.10
0.59
4.77
0.00
580.39
26.66
0.03
4.10
22.73
25-29
1.18
1830.00
0.21
1.33
8.77
0.00
1695.39
23.28
0.15
7.49
27.91
30-34
3.39
1740.00
0.49
3.32
18.71
0.00
2026.83
20.77
0.38
7.23
32.79
35-39
5.88
1920.00
1.09
6.37
39.14
0.00
2226.66
18.18
0.87
6.20
37.79
40-44
16.58
2400.00
3.03
14.23
80.86
0.00
2701.00
15.64
2.18
5.77
42.81
45-49
28.83
3340.00
7.35
27.42
165.36
2.16
3278.43
13.31
5.42
5.24
47.72
50-54
51.45
3410.00
14.07
44.58
302.35
101.24
3661.86
11.07
11.08
3.84
52.67
55-59
70.71
3740.00
20.41
64.78
493.72
832.60
3707.26
8.90
18.31
2.93
57.62
60-64
84.09
3350.00
24.67
83.60
700.70
2763.20
3587.98
6.98
25.15
2.10
62.59
65-69
110.80
3850.00
33.53
101.94
867.96
4796.53
3818.52
5.54
33.15
1.84
67.56
70-74
112.50
4590.00
42.25
110.15
932.30
7732.97
4347.07
4.34
40.53
1.64
72.50
75-79
107.70
5150.00
41.34
109.21
868.40
9506.04
4837.70
3.63
42.00
1.48
77.49
80+
107.70
5150.00
41.34
107.83
809.79
8546.73
5113.43
2.64
41.41
1.27
86.62
Table-B19. DISMOD Analysis of Mouth and Oropharynx Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Output Variables
Incident
rates
100,000
Case
fatality
rate
/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.50
44.95
0.00
1.00
3.99
5-9
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.45
0.04
2.02
42.28
0.00
1.01
7.94
10-14
0.36
3700.00
0.06
0.31
1.66
0.05
5.21
37.89
0.00
1.04
12.63
15-19
0.34
0.00
0.00
0.39
3.40
0.03
27.56
33.23
0.00
1.19
17.59
20-24
0.60
1040.00
0.06
0.53
5.61
0.00
480.75
28.81
0.03
3.25
22.65
25-29
0.78
3010.00
0.24
0.88
8.62
0.00
1420.38
25.39
0.12
6.53
27.75
30-34
1.60
1650.00
0.31
1.70
13.90
0.00
1777.70
22.67
0.25
7.36
32.78
35-39
3.46
1500.00
0.52
3.44
24.52
0.00
1855.42
19.90
0.46
7.08
37.79
40-44
8.06
2880.00
2.23
7.15
46.64
0.00
2098.31
17.03
0.98
6.44
42.77
45-49
13.72
1720.00
2.11
12.83
88.66
21.69
2288.39
14.15
2.03
5.28
47.70
50-54
21.44
2490.00
5.26
18.99
151.94
1021.93
2407.62
11.31
3.66
3.72
52.62
55-59
25.22
2760.00
6.24
25.77
219.28
2795.21
2774.75
9.16
6.09
2.99
57.63
60-64
37.53
3140.00
10.44
36.35
297.66
2915.63
3177.58
7.32
9.46
2.32
62.63
65-69
50.10
3440.00
12.41
46.88
384.16
5333.47
3418.05
5.54
13.13
2.00
67.56
70-74
59.20
4710.00
19.73
48.14
389.62
11945.99
3436.04
4.37
13.38
1.68
72.46
75-79
38.54
2700.00
9.20
42.70
319.62
12857.25
3175.76
4.32
10.15
1.43
77.45
80+
38.54
2700.00
9.20
38.90
330.54
7786.56
2768.48
3.45
9.15
1.20
86.97
Age
group
93
Table-B20. Computation of YLL and DALY for Mouth and Oropharax Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
43.6
0.6
76
0.1
5-14
10.2
38.2
0.4
399
15-29
24.9
25.4
0.4
4,242
5,074
0.3
3.1
3.8
30-44
9,273
10.0
39.7
17.2
0.6
88,609
96,509
4,931
22,444
95.6
5.3
24.2
45-59
20,882
40.0
53.2
10.9
0.7
123,124
153,815
23,871
102,308
235.9
45.7
196.0
60-69
18,351
90.0
64.8
6.3
0.7
58,237
85,676
41,626
116,351
285.6
204.2
570.6
70-79
9,356
110.0
74.2
4.1
0.9
18,686
33,120
16,809
66,827
219.7
197.6
785.7
80+
2,670
110.0
86.6
2.6
0.9
2,688
6,448
6,725
18,260
110.7
277.1
752.3
Total
60,531
12.4
59.4
9.1
0.7
291,344
375,568
98,681
331,264
59.9
20.3
68.1
Female
94
0-4
4.0
45.0
0.5
372
0.7
5-14
11.0
39.4
0.3
363
0.3
15-29
23.8
28.3
0.3
3,203
3,634
2.4
2.7
30-44
39.5
18.9
0.4
4,157
10,991
4.4
11.6
45-59
10,337
20.0
53.1
11.3
0.5
43,235
54,411
13,806
33,706
83.6
26.7
65.2
60-69
8,933
40.0
65.0
6.5
0.5
19,849
29,503
17,742
37,446
88.9
79.4
167.7
70-79
4,486
50.0
74.0
4.4
0.8
9,106
16,185
11,186
27,221
101.5
124.7
303.4
971
40.0
87.0
3.4
0.9
1,227
3,047
6,672
7,393
50.6
274.9
304.6
24,726
5.1
62.5
8.0
0.6
73,417
103,146
57,503
120,390
15.2
11.9
24.9
85,258
8.8
60.3
8.7
0.7
364,761
478,714
156,183
451,654
37.6
16.1
46.6
80+
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
15-29
72
0.0
2,273
1,920
2,273
1,920
1.7
1.7
30-44
986
0.0
23,136
39,220
111,745
135,729
25.0
120.5
45-59
5,491
0.1
82,759
294,198
205,883
448,012
158.5
394.4
60-69
5,788
0.3
52,439
375,430
110,676
461,106
257.2
542.8
70-79
3,489
0.4
17,828
259,068
36,514
292,187
209.6
429.3
80+
1,005
0.4
2,191
85,580
4,879
92,028
90.3
201.0
Total
16,831
0.0
180,626
1,055,415
471,970
1,430,984
37.1
97.0
Female
95
0-4
5-14
15-29
63
0.0
2,010
1,673
2,010
1,673
1.5
1.5
30-44
492
0.0
11,924
19,290
11,924
19,290
12.6
12.6
45-59
1,887
0.0
29,647
101,083
72,882
155,493
57.4
141.0
60-69
2,451
0.1
24,009
159,243
43,858
188,745
107.5
196.4
70-79
1,107
0.1
6,590
81,738
15,696
97,923
73.5
175.0
80+
222
0.1
524
19,004
1,751
22,051
21.6
72.1
Total
6,222
0.0
74,704
382,029
148,121
485,174
15.5
30.6
Total persons
23,053
0.0
255,330
1,437,444
620,091
1,916,158
26.3
63.9
Table-B21. DISMOD Analysis for Oesophagus Cancer Data (males)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
96
Incident
rates/100000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
35.67
0.00
0.00
3.99
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.10
0.00
0.00
32.63
0.00
1.00
7.90
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.36
0.00
0.22
28.17
0.00
1.00
12.55
15-19
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.68
0.00
42.02
23.28
0.00
1.77
17.62
20-24
0.15
4350.00
0.05
0.11
1.10
0.00
1863.64
19.08
0.02
11.17
22.70
25-29
0.16
10340.00
0.16
0.22
1.62
0.00
5255.85
17.65
0.09
21.09
27.81
30-34
0.43
4080.00
0.25
0.52
2.78
0.00
4972.61
17.65
0.14
16.60
32.88
35-39
1.30
3310.00
0.41
1.36
6.25
0.00
3919.70
16.76
0.25
10.26
37.90
40-44
3.92
2650.00
0.89
3.53
15.91
0.00
3533.85
15.11
0.56
7.25
42.85
45-49
8.04
3440.00
2.53
7.58
38.20
0.00
3751.22
13.14
1.43
5.84
47.77
50-54
15.98
3660.00
5.13
14.48
80.23
0.00
4298.62
11.19
3.45
4.30
52.74
55-59
27.57
4580.00
9.47
24.41
150.98
11.49
4688.95
9.36
7.08
3.41
57.67
60-64
35.50
4490.00
12.84
34.62
250.04
587.23
4628.31
7.47
11.58
2.41
62.61
65-69
47.03
4190.00
15.54
44.03
349.70
3410.22
4401.58
5.90
15.40
1.97
67.57
70-74
51.17
4420.00
17.85
49.80
408.51
6027.34
4345.05
4.74
17.75
1.64
72.53
75-79
52.40
4480.00
19.21
51.84
429.26
7241.57
4424.25
3.90
18.99
1.44
77.51
80+
52.40
4480.00
19.21
52.36
430.30
7720.12
4473.23
2.73
19.25
1.24
86.63
Table- B22. DISMOD Analysis of Oesophagus Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
97
Incident
rates/
100,000
Case
fatality rate
/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case
fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.26
13.72
0.00
1.00
14.25
15-19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.20
353.88
2.01
9.90
0.00
1.01
18.17
20-24
0.24
8330.00
0.12
0.23
0.91
10397.40
2.77
6.70
0.00
1.01
22.62
25-29
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.28
1.15
23500.44
995.48
8.37
0.01
6.76
27.62
30-34
0.38
5800.00
0.31
0.51
1.70
7976.27
4489.22
14.77
0.08
17.40
32.86
35-39
1.30
3770.00
0.52
1.38
4.96
101.67
5080.94
15.95
0.25
17.64
37.93
40-44
4.34
4630.00
1.61
3.74
14.85
0.00
4684.65
15.00
0.70
13.11
42.84
45-49
7.09
3530.00
2.41
7.25
36.33
0.00
4721.34
13.73
1.72
9.78
47.70
50-54
13.45
4840.00
6.24
11.45
70.27
0.00
4706.17
12.28
3.31
6.33
52.67
55-59
16.98
3970.00
6.24
16.28
118.07
0.00
4581.28
10.59
5.41
4.29
57.61
60-64
20.32
4540.00
8.75
20.87
176.14
168.59
4765.89
8.73
8.40
2.99
62.60
65-69
29.42
5380.00
13.79
27.06
237.46
1117.43
5197.78
7.08
12.35
2.53
67.60
70-74
32.66
5310.00
15.65
31.92
290.66
2477.30
5517.44
5.63
16.04
2.08
72.54
75-79
35.09
6430.00
18.98
34.11
315.83
4681.60
5852.89
4.46
18.49
1.77
77.52
80+
35.09
6430.00
18.98
35.02
300.72
6018.55
6330.49
3.27
19.04
1.45
87.04
Table-B23. Computation of YLL and DALY for Oesophagus Cancer Data

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per 100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
0-4
4.0
35.7
0.4
0.0
5-14
10.8
29.9
0.4
0.0
15-29
24.2
19.2
0.4
240
573
0.2
0.4
30-44
1,855
2.0
40.3
15.9
0.4
11,119
11,899
991
3,001
12.0
1.1
3.2
45-59
7,309
14.0
53.7
10.8
0.4
25,420
32,103
5,669
16,923
48.7
10.9
32.4
60-69
7,748
38.0
64.9
6.7
0.4
14,511
21,654
12,065
24,519
71.2
59.2
120.3
70-79
4,338
51.0
74.3
4.4
0.4
4,367
7,829
4,444
14,383
51.3
52.3
169.1
80+
1,262
52.0
86.6
2.7
0.4
575
1,385
1,409
4,196
23.7
58.0
172.9
Total
22,511
4.6
62.3
8.2
0.4
55,992
74,871
24,821
63,595
11.5
5.1
13.1
98
Female
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.3
11
0.0
5-14
14.3
13.7
0.3
10
0.0
15-29
24.0
8.0
0.3
289
440
0.2
0.3
30-44
1,893
2.0
40.4
15.2
0.3
8,134
8,594
1,149
1,694
8.6
1.2
1.8
45-59
5,685
11.0
53.3
12.0
0.3
16,292
20,941
4,440
10,937
31.5
8.6
21.2
60-69
5,136
23.0
65.0
7.9
0.3
8,011
12,355
7,193
13,598
35.9
32.2
60.9
70-79
2,961
33.0
74.2
5.2
0.3
2,597
4,752
3,568
8,232
29.0
39.8
91.8
80+
850
35.0
87.0
3.3
0.3
308
763
1,562
2,008
12.7
64.3
82.7
Total
16,525
3.4
60.9
9.4
0.3
35,343
47,405
18,222
36,910
7.3
3.8
7.6
Total
persons
39,036
4.0
61.7
8.7
0.4
91,335
122,275
43,043
100,505
9.4
4.4
10.4
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
15-29
43
0.0
1,362
1,138
1,362
1,138
1.0
1.0
30-44
275
0.0
6,530
10,818
17,649
22,716
7.0
19.0
45-59
1,833
0.0
27,033
99,238
52,452
131,341
51.8
100.5
60-69
2,676
0.1
24,230
173,605
38,741
195,259
118.8
190.0
70-79
1,546
0.2
7,881
114,850
12,248
122,679
92.7
144.0
80+
468
0.2
1,020
39,854
1,595
41,239
42.0
65.7
Total
6,841
0.0
68,055
439,502
124,047
514,372
14.0
25.5
Female
99
0-4
5-14
15-29
0.0
157
138
157
138
0.1
0.1
30-44
292
0.0
6,899
11,735
15,033
20,329
7.3
15.9
45-59
1,670
0.0
26,182
89,555
42,474
110,496
50.7
82.2
60-69
2,240
0.1
21,866
145,695
29,877
158,050
97.9
133.8
70-79
1,510
0.2
8,739
112,165
11,336
116,917
97.4
126.4
80+
462
0.2
1,092
39,539
1,401
40,303
45.0
57.7
Total
6,179
0.0
64,935
398,827
100,278
446,231
13.4
20.7
Total
persons
13,020
0.0
132,991
838,328
224,326
960,604
13.7
23.1
Table-B24. DISMOD Analysis for Stomach Cancer Data (males)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
100
Incident
rates
/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates
/100,000
Prevalence
rate
/100,000
Remission
rate
/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate
100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
34.26
0.18
24.74
0.00
1.00
14.25
15-19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.05
263.00
62.74
21.06
0.00
1.73
18.18
20-24
0.05
7140.00
100.00
0.06
0.25
334.66
1902.91
17.53
0.00
10.84
22.74
25-29
0.48
5950.00
270.00
0.27
0.81
66.79
5317.84
15.74
0.04
21.14
28.18
30-34
1.11
6210.00
560.00
0.94
3.18
0.01
5866.41
15.53
0.19
18.96
32.83
35-39
1.64
5180.00
890.00
1.70
8.20
0.01
5233.43
15.12
0.43
13.35
37.72
40-44
3.92
4390.00
1520.00
3.33
17.19
0.01
4827.48
14.13
0.83
9.57
42.78
45-49
7.24
5370.00
3560.00
6.43
35.02
0.04
4670.55
12.79
1.64
7.11
47.74
50-54
13.90
4210.00
5130.00
11.62
67.36
0.10
4801.57
11.21
3.24
4.70
52.73
55-59
21.70
6020.00
10940.00
18.27
119.04
0.13
5274.16
9.71
6.28
3.72
57.63
60-64
22.40
4920.00
11830.00
24.32
184.17
0.05
5405.80
8.21
9.96
2.64
62.64
65-69
42.50
6890.00
22490.00
36.32
268.34
0.03
6342.33
6.95
17.03
2.40
67.64
70-74
49.40
7420.00
27970.00
42.07
363.24
0.02
6850.49
5.82
24.89
2.01
72.49
75-79
36.10
6250.00
22120.00
39.17
432.38
0.00
6570.73
4.81
28.41
1.65
77.46
80+
36.10
6250.00
22120.00
36.37
493.52
0.01
6283.55
3.23
31.01
1.33
86.58
Table-B25. DISMOD Analysis of Stomach Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
101
Incident
rates
100,000
Case
fatality rate
/100,000
Mortality
rate
/100,000
Incident
rates
/100,000
Prevalence
rate
/100,000
Remission
rate
/100,000
Case
fatality rate
/100,000
Duratio
n
(years)
Mortality
rate
/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(years)
0-4
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.14
36090.84
0.61
4.14
0.00
1.00
2.47
5-9
0.06
100000.00
60.00
0.08
0.30
16065.41
0.66
6.86
0.00
1.00
7.49
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.48
17243.86
182.82
6.73
0.00
4.73
12.69
15-19
0.13
7140.00
70.00
0.16
0.58
18958.53
3422.67
11.17
0.02
19.74
17.64
20-24
0.42
10810.00
240.00
0.29
1.09
2502.16
6288.05
17.21
0.07
24.69
22.80
25-29
0.66
2440.00
120.00
0.80
3.08
0.07
3927.68
17.46
0.12
16.10
27.93
30-34
2.21
6060.00
610.00
1.87
8.55
0.08
4550.75
16.16
0.39
17.27
32.72
35-39
2.77
3850.00
690.00
2.52
16.86
0.04
4528.14
15.07
0.76
15.93
37.55
40-44
2.48
4550.00
1240.00
2.88
25.56
0.04
4544.35
13.48
1.16
12.86
42.58
45-49
4.98
5410.00
2560.00
4.39
35.42
0.43
5488.25
11.84
1.94
11.25
47.73
50-54
11.11
7440.00
5850.00
7.33
51.40
0.68
6656.06
10.65
3.42
8.51
52.67
55-59
10.24
7690.00
6740.00
11.15
74.91
0.18
7110.37
9.79
5.33
6.14
57.68
60-64
18.34
5490.00
7050.00
16.77
113.50
0.05
6337.48
8.81
7.20
3.67
62.63
65-69
20.68
7060.00
11030.00
20.41
162.98
0.03
6771.86
7.73
11.04
2.99
67.54
70-74
23.81
8610.00
14290.00
21.33
203.70
0.01
6962.98
6.72
14.19
2.37
72.50
75-79
19.56
5690.00
9200.00
20.65
235.92
0.01
6285.74
5.75
14.83
1.83
77.48
80+
19.56
5690.00
9200.00
19.66
275.91
0.01
5745.37
4.08
15.85
1.41
87.00
Table-B26. Computation of YLL and DALY for Stomach Cancer Data

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per 100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Male
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.5
14
0.0
5-14
14.2
24.7
0.5
45
0.0
15-29
26.4
16.5
0.5
663
0.5
30-44
39.4
14.7
0.5
1,216
4,599
1.3
5.0
45-59
5,220
10.0
53.5
11.0
0.5
23,211
29,266
5,414
18,624
44.5
10.4
35.7
60-69
6,117
30.0
65.2
7.6
0.5
15,937
24,500
8,894
23,640
78.2
43.6
115.9
70-79
3,402
40.0
74.1
5.5
0.6
5,641
10,358
4,314
18,362
66.3
50.7
215.9
80+
971
40.0
86.6
3.2
0.6
734
1,792
2,041
6,859
30.3
84.1
282.6
Total
15,710
3.2
64.6
8.0
0.5
45,523
65,916
22,599
72,084
9.4
4.6
14.8
102
Female
0-4
2.5
4.1
0.4
0.0
5-14
10.4
6.8
0.4
0.0
15-29
25.2
16.5
0.4
452
0.3
30-44
37.8
14.9
0.4
1,139
7,943
1.2
8.4
45-59
5,169
10.0
53.5
10.6
0.4
18,541
23,153
3,307
10,921
35.9
6.4
21.1
60-69
4,466
20.0
64.9
8.3
0.4
10,534
16,364
4,120
12,815
47.2
18.5
57.4
70-79
1,794
20.0
74.1
6.4
0.5
2,781
5,232
2,009
8,584
31.0
22.4
95.7
80+
485
20.0
87.0
4.1
0.5
383
970
1,547
3,312
15.8
63.8
136.4
Total
11,915
2.5
62.2
8.8
0.4
32,239
45,719
12,578
43,576
6.7
2.6
9.0
Total
persons
27,625
2.8
63.6
8.4
0.5
77,762
111,635
35,177
115,660
8.0
3.6
11.9
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
per 1,000
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
15-29
19
0.0
597
513
597
513
0.4
0.4
30-44
420
0.0
9,967
16,530
9,967
16,530
10.7
10.7
45-59
1,736
0.0
25,937
93,410
49,148
122,676
49.7
94.1
60-69
2,614
0.1
23,277
170,400
39,214
194,900
114.2
192.3
70-79
2,220
0.3
11,259
165,090
16,899
175,448
132.4
198.7
80+
753
0.3
1,621
64,232
2,355
66,023
66.8
97.0
Total
7,762
0.0
72,657
510,174
118,180
576,090
14.9
24.3
103
Female
0-4
5-14
0.0
37
13
37
13
0.0
0.0
15-29
90
0.0
2,952
2,230
2,952
2,230
2.2
2.2
30-44
688
0.0
16,895
26,620
16,895
26,620
17.8
17.8
45-59
1,726
0.0
27,256
92,210
45,797
115,363
52.7
88.6
60-69
1,961
0.1
19,093
127,653
29,627
144,017
85.5
132.7
70-79
1,292
0.1
7,530
95,830
10,311
101,062
83.9
114.9
80+
384
0.2
888
32,949
1,271
33,919
36.6
52.4
Total
6,142
0.0
74,651
377,504
106,891
423,224
15.4
22.1
Total persons
13,904
0.0
147,309
887,678
225,071
999,313
15.2
23.2
Table-B27. DISMOD Analysis for Colon and Rectum Cancer Data (males)
Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
104
Incident
rates/10
0,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,00
0
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.07
42533.38
0.00
6.39
0.00
1.00
2.51
5-9
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.16
16180.18
0.12
19.12
0.00
1.00
7.54
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.39
667.63
116.56
21.39
0.00
3.35
12.80
15-19
0.45
7410.00
0.11
0.26
1.07
13.87
1968.60
17.26
0.02
13.13
17.98
20-24
0.56
3610.00
0.15
0.53
2.77
2.00
4010.13
15.08
0.11
18.39
22.64
25-29
0.64
3770.00
0.21
0.76
5.09
463.94
3769.57
13.16
0.19
15.46
27.71
30-34
1.42
2630.00
0.25
1.46
8.74
2502.61
3105.55
11.15
0.27
10.66
32.79
35-39
3.28
3270.00
0.48
2.84
14.94
5578.39
3248.34
10.17
0.49
8.61
37.73
40-44
4.55
4320.00
1.07
4.44
24.66
3757.33
3996.32
9.84
0.99
8.08
42.65
45-49
7.12
5290.00
2.18
6.68
41.04
2088.46
4706.33
8.25
1.93
7.14
47.67
50-54
11.87
5190.00
3.22
10.58
61.91
4632.21
5204.03
6.62
3.22
5.05
52.69
55-59
18.10
6000.00
5.26
16.15
86.32
7212.88
5560.99
5.49
4.80
3.89
57.65
60-64
22.41
5370.00
5.79
22.64
111.23
9885.45
5754.64
4.78
6.40
2.75
62.64
65-69
33.12
7040.00
11.86
31.66
146.79
8306.69
6947.94
4.26
10.21
2.54
67.62
70-74
49.98
9410.00
16.07
39.98
188.21
10050.18
8384.43
3.40
15.79
2.23
72.56
75-79
40.75
9850.00
19.21
42.66
196.46
12561.46
9344.05
2.91
18.36
1.93
77.49
80+
40.75
9850.00
19.21
40.96
195.07
11165.39
9813.94
2.23
19.14
1.52
86.60
Table-B28. DISMOD Analysis of Colon and Rectum Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
105
Incident
rates
/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,00
0
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years
)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.24
0.00
0.00
3.99
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.10
0.00
0.24
39.50
0.00
1.00
7.92
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.37
0.00
40.66
35.11
0.00
1.67
12.60
15-19
0.07
4550.00
0.07
0.09
0.74
0.00
625.00
30.71
0.00
4.34
17.67
20-24
0.24
1200.00
0.06
0.19
1.34
0.21
984.11
27.24
0.01
4.77
22.87
25-29
0.84
0.00
0.00
0.45
2.81
0.49
743.55
23.61
0.02
3.97
27.80
30-34
0.84
2220.00
0.23
1.03
5.96
0.17
2140.92
20.33
0.13
8.91
32.89
35-39
2.85
3590.00
0.60
2.60
13.35
0.00
3012.88
18.21
0.40
10.84
37.82
40-44
5.95
2280.00
0.87
4.91
28.86
40.13
2996.67
16.17
0.87
8.82
42.70
45-49
6.64
3720.00
2.11
7.05
52.40
664.89
2992.52
13.98
1.57
6.60
47.60
50-54
10.52
2980.00
2.53
9.02
78.66
1069.95
3427.93
12.12
2.70
4.87
52.60
55-59
11.74
5210.00
4.99
11.74
109.47
557.38
3811.48
10.23
4.17
3.75
57.61
60-64
15.24
3140.00
4.80
15.37
147.09
1460.24
3607.62
8.16
5.31
2.52
62.61
65-69
21.14
4630.00
7.81
20.55
185.44
3165.27
4102.92
6.42
7.61
2.21
67.61
70-74
31.30
4890.00
11.57
25.76
212.98
5531.74
4842.30
5.07
10.31
1.95
72.57
75-79
27.04
5510.00
11.51
27.90
220.51
7597.81
5254.64
4.21
11.59
1.69
77.50
80+
27.04
5510.00
11.51
27.14
211.56
7832.53
5466.24
3.18
11.56
1.39
87.00
Table-B29. Computation of YLL and DALY for Colon and rectum
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr.
Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
106
0-4
2.5
6.4
0.6
53
0.1
5-14
10.6
20.5
0.6
257
0.2
15-29
24.1
14.6
0.6
8,615
6.4
30-44
39.0
10.2
0.5
9,803
9,845
10.6
10.6
45-59
5,220
10.0
53.3
6.6
0.5
14,572
16,423
16,380
14,930
27.9
31.4
28.6
60-69
6,117
30.0
65.1
4.5
0.5
9,589
13,556
17,726
13,054
47.0
86.9
64.0
70-79
3,402
40.0
74.3
3.2
0.6
3,896
6,755
5,867
10,028
45.8
69.0
117.9
80+
971
40.0
86.6
2.2
0.7
651
1,544
2,297
3,508
26.8
94.6
144.5
Total
15,710
3.2
64.5
4.8
0.5
28,708
38,279
60,999
51,366
5.9
12.5
10.6
0-4
4.0
42.2
0.3
234
0.4
5-14
10.9
36.7
0.3
920
0.8
15-29
25.1
25.5
0.4
4,807
3.6
30-44
39.6
17.5
0.4
15,146
3,877
16.0
4.1
45-59
5,169
10.0
52.8
12.0
0.4
20,054
25,491
17,136
16,994
38.8
33.2
32.9
60-69
4,466
20.0
65.0
7.3
0.4
9,313
14,134
14,098
15,489
41.7
63.1
69.4
70-79
2,691
30.0
74.3
4.8
0.5
3,753
6,798
5,185
10,386
41.8
57.8
115.8
728
30.0
87.0
3.2
0.7
616
1,519
2,551
3,324
25.4
105.1
136.9
13,055
2.7
63.3
8.4
0.5
33,736
47,942
60,077
50,069
7.0
12.4
10.4
28,765
3.0
64.0
6.4
0.5
62,444
86,220
121,076
101,435
6.4
12.5
10.5
Female
80+
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
107
0-4
0.0
29
29
0.1
0.1
5-14
15-29
137
0.0
4,450
3,413
4,450
3,413
3.3
3.3
30-44
509
0.0
12,149
19,923
12,149
19,923
13.1
13.1
45-59
1,607
0.0
24,646
85,368
39,217
101,791
47.2
75.1
60-69
1,619
0.1
14,484
105,398
24,074
118,954
71.0
118.1
70-79
1,418
0.2
7,181
105,480
11,077
112,235
84.4
130.2
80+
465
0.2
1,012
39,607
1,663
41,150
41.7
68.5
Total
5,756
0.0
63,952
359,187
92,660
397,465
13.1
19.0
0-4
0.0
31
31
0.1
0.1
5-14
15-29
17
0.0
559
418
559
418
0.4
0.4
30-44
401
0.0
9,575
15,953
9,575
15,953
10.1
10.1
45-59
1,364
0.0
21,571
72,815
41,625
98,306
41.7
80.5
60-69
1,398
0.1
13,668
90,885
22,981
105,019
61.2
102.9
70-79
962
0.1
5,578
71,430
9,331
78,228
62.2
104.0
80+
281
0.1
664
24,049
1,280
25,569
27.4
52.7
Total
4,424
0.0
51,647
275,550
85,383
323,491
10.7
17.7
Total persons
10,180
0.0
115,599
634,737
178,043
720,957
11.9
18.4
Female
Table-B30. DISMOD Analysis for Liver Cancer Data (males)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
108
Incident
rates/100,0
00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
0.60
3230.00
0.06
0.35
0.89
0.01
19.86
20.84
0.00
1.01
2.44
5-9
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.26
2.43
0.00
8.22
16.95
0.00
1.03
7.35
10-14
0.20
0.00
0.00
0.21
3.56
0.01
71.42
11.93
0.00
2.65
12.50
15-19
0.20
20000.00
0.11
0.23
4.53
241.02
1283.56
7.13
0.06
9.43
17.57
20-24
0.30
33330.00
0.20
0.30
4.30
11516.28
3658.17
3.57
0.16
17.44
22.62
25-29
0.40
7410.00
0.11
0.47
2.02
33157.83
6217.15
3.01
0.12
25.17
27.74
30-34
0.90
12500.00
0.31
0.84
2.01
19998.91
8807.21
4.98
0.18
28.10
32.69
35-39
1.20
5970.00
0.27
1.23
4.04
9859.48
7628.99
6.45
0.31
19.28
37.64
40-44
2.10
7320.00
0.53
2.00
7.70
5298.62
6914.70
6.48
0.53
13.24
42.76
45-49
6.70
8960.00
1.38
4.73
16.69
4040.36
8168.91
5.01
1.37
11.49
47.86
50-54
12.00
12870.00
3.81
10.08
32.86
10635.74
10075.48
3.49
3.32
8.75
52.74
55-59
19.00
12980.00
5.68
16.70
45.78
19807.46
11997.10
2.74
5.50
7.22
57.66
60-64
24.00
12810.00
7.81
24.47
59.43
21912.92
12913.43
2.49
7.69
4.93
62.66
65-69
40.00
12730.00
11.45
35.92
82.47
23898.47
13744.72
2.16
11.36
4.04
67.64
70-74
48.00
18870.00
17.85
45.81
96.09
31278.34
16294.60
1.70
15.66
3.39
72.56
75-79
53.00
19210.00
16.88
50.90
90.63
38693.20
18730.07
1.43
16.96
2.86
77.53
80+
53.00
19210.00
16.88
52.84
87.96
40934.66
19184.62
1.20
16.87
2.02
86.64
Table-B31. DISMOD Analysis of Liver Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
109
Incident
rates
/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
0.31
7690.00
0.18
0.30
0.79
0.24
7.63
28.90
0.00
1.00
2.36
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
1.89
0.10
3.15
26.07
0.00
1.01
6.83
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
2.14
0.01
0.17
22.36
0.00
1.00
10.75
15-19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.15
0.00
0.00
13.86
0.00
0.00
19.50
20-24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
2.17
0.00
0.00
10.16
0.00
1.00
23.32
25-29
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.08
2.19
5800.89
0.10
6.33
0.00
1.00
28.00
30-34
0.23
0.00
0.00
0.21
1.56
22506.44
624.27
6.20
0.01
5.40
32.80
35-39
0.35
7140.00
0.26
0.39
1.47
12403.13
4708.27
10.12
0.07
17.20
37.72
40-44
0.74
5410.00
0.50
0.67
3.02
500.63
6322.07
11.15
0.19
17.50
42.71
45-49
0.90
4210.00
0.60
1.05
5.95
0.00
6077.78
9.65
0.36
12.33
47.67
50-54
2.92
9260.00
1.95
2.13
10.53
0.00
8215.27
7.88
0.87
10.11
52.84
55-59
4.75
11570.00
3.50
4.27
19.12
0.00
11391.72
6.97
2.18
9.07
57.69
60-64
5.64
10880.00
4.51
6.11
30.70
0.00
11441.36
6.54
3.51
5.83
62.63
65-69
8.73
8220.00
5.52
8.39
46.14
76.11
10396.98
5.90
4.80
4.05
67.61
70-74
10.89
11700.00
7.48
9.90
62.86
741.64
10750.39
4.93
6.76
3.09
72.53
75-79
9.78
12100.00
8.63
10.06
70.82
1555.58
11729.76
4.15
8.31
2.54
77.49
80+
9.78
12100.00
8.63
9.81
71.56
1721.84
12061.31
3.13
8.63
1.87
87.01
Table-B32. Computation of YLL and DALY for Liver Cancer Data

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age
of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per 100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
0-4
2.4
20.8
0.3
328
0.6
5-14
9.7
14.7
0.3
109
0.1
15-29
23.5
4.3
0.4
1,801
1.3
30-44
38.7
6.1
0.4
921
1.0
110
45-59
5,220
10.0
53.9
3.5
0.5
7,827
8,271
2,539
7,090
15.0
4.9
13.6
60-69
6,117
30.0
65.1
2.3
0.5
4,819
6,424
2,903
6,517
23.6
14.2
32.0
70-79
4,253
50.0
74.4
1.6
0.4
1,739
2,892
1,269
3,254
20.4
14.9
38.3
80+
1,214
50.0
86.6
1.2
0.4
258
595
455
892
10.6
18.7
36.8
Total
16,804
3.5
65.5
2.4
0.4
14,643
18,182
10,323
17,752
3.0
2.1
3.6
0-4
2.4
28.9
0.3
441
0.8
5-14
7.0
25.9
0.3
414
0.4
15-29
27.2
7.0
0.3
2,068
1.6
30-44
39.0
9.8
0.3
920
1.0
45-59
54.3
7.8
0.3
1,414
1,594
2.7
3.1
60-69
2,233
10.0
65.1
6.2
0.3
2,984
4,413
1,118
2,847
13.4
5.0
12.7
70-79
897
10.0
74.2
4.7
0.3
636
1,146
526
1,707
7.1
5.9
19.0
80+
243
10.0
87.0
3.1
0.3
82
201
220
453
3.4
9.1
18.7
Total
3,373
0.7
69.1
5.6
0.3
3,702
5,760
7,121
6,601
0.8
1.5
1.4
2.1
66.1
2.9
0.4
18,346
23,942
17,445
24,354
1.9
1.8
2.5
Female
Total
persons
20,177
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
0.0
75
25
75
25
0.1
0.1
15-29
148
0.0
4,936
3,435
4,936
3,435
3.7
3.7
30-44
300
0.0
7,222
11,645
7,222
11,645
7.8
7.8
45-59
1,591
0.0
23,775
85,593
31,601
93,864
45.5
60.5
60-69
1,870
0.1
16,815
121,560
21,634
127,984
82.5
106.1
70-79
1,370
0.2
6,977
101,795
8,716
104,687
82.0
102.5
80+
410
0.2
893
34,916
1,151
35,511
36.8
47.4
Total
5,691
0.0
60,692
358,969
75,336
377,151
12.5
15.5
111
Female
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
76
0.0
1,777
3,085
1,777
3,085
1.9
1.9
45-59
522
0.0
7,903
28,495
7,903
28,495
15.3
15.3
60-69
904
0.0
8,864
58,715
11,848
63,128
39.7
53.1
70-79
652
0.1
3,755
48,480
4,392
49,626
41.9
49.0
80+
210
0.1
496
17,975
577
18,176
20.4
23.8
Total
2,364
0.0
22,795
156,750
26,497
162,510
4.7
5.5
Total persons
8,055
0.0
83,487
515,719
101,833
539,660
8.6
10.5
Table-B33. DISMOD Analysis for Pancreatic Cancer Data (males)

Input Variables
Output Variables
Incident rates
/100,000
Case
fatality
rate
/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.07
42533.38
0.00
4.32
0.00
1.00
2.51
5-9
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.16
17819.49
0.00
9.99
0.00
1.00
7.52
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.29
13507.07
0.00
12.48
0.00
1.00
12.53
15-19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.32
14652.14
0.10
19.94
0.00
1.00
17.47
20-24
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.47
2119.97
5.79
24.28
0.00
1.03
22.65
25-29
0.16
4550.00
0.05
0.13
0.90
4.71
522.29
20.21
0.00
3.64
27.88
30-34
0.31
2330.00
0.06
0.33
1.91
0.02
2455.76
16.74
0.05
8.87
32.85
35-39
0.75
5560.00
0.27
0.72
3.92
0.00
4832.33
14.94
0.19
12.28
37.79
40-44
2.14
6150.00
0.71
1.42
7.71
0.00
4995.58
14.04
0.39
9.98
42.73
45-49
1.72
3010.00
0.57
2.12
14.22
0.00
4214.08
12.55
0.60
6.55
47.61
50-54
4.84
9290.00
3.08
3.29
23.18
0.00
4637.10
10.58
1.08
4.58
52.74
55-59
5.89
5080.00
2.53
5.88
37.95
63.43
5466.77
8.84
2.08
3.82
57.70
60-64
9.32
4890.00
3.27
8.80
60.62
710.66
5502.30
7.18
3.34
2.67
62.62
65-69
11.90
6880.00
6.13
10.93
82.87
2818.86
6149.07
5.92
5.10
2.36
67.56
70-74
11.30
6100.00
5.95
12.20
98.43
2368.64
6665.16
4.95
6.56
1.98
72.53
75-79
15.10
8290.00
8.73
13.55
112.91
3576.32
7157.34
3.75
8.08
1.71
77.55
80+
15.10
8290.00
8.73
14.97
107.94
6747.70
8088.85
2.55
8.73
1.43
86.67
Age
group
112
Table-B34. DISMOD Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
113
Incident
rates/100,0
00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,0
00
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset
(ears)
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.15
136.66
0.00
41.91
0.00
1.00
2.50
5-9
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.45
71.74
0.00
39.50
0.00
1.00
7.51
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.76
17.45
0.13
34.88
0.00
1.00
12.54
15-19
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.07
1.10
1.41
2.37
30.17
0.00
1.01
17.51
20-24
0.06
14290.00
0.06
0.07
1.45
0.25
4.09
25.52
0.00
1.02
22.50
25-29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
1.85
355.28
667.58
20.81
0.01
4.72
27.93
30-34
0.38
6670.00
0.15
0.31
2.62
1309.49
2693.82
18.74
0.07
10.84
32.73
35-39
0.35
1960.00
0.09
0.42
3.83
712.25
2850.59
17.79
0.11
10.46
37.58
40-44
0.62
2630.00
0.25
0.63
5.61
33.20
3036.24
15.60
0.17
8.91
42.76
45-49
2.26
7370.00
1.06
1.51
9.24
0.00
4530.44
13.61
0.42
9.36
47.85
50-54
2.92
4920.00
1.17
2.71
16.85
0.00
4784.86
12.31
0.81
6.57
52.63
55-59
3.25
2000.00
0.75
3.36
27.65
809.42
2861.86
10.31
0.79
3.20
57.58
60-64
4.23
2130.00
0.85
4.38
39.10
2900.19
2603.24
8.13
1.02
2.07
62.64
65-69
6.43
4960.00
3.22
6.38
51.81
1945.90
4614.09
6.43
2.39
2.39
67.65
70-74
11.57
7620.00
5.44
8.86
65.74
3501.93
6892.26
4.79
4.53
2.34
72.60
75-79
9.78
8850.00
5.75
10.09
69.62
6679.49
8202.44
3.89
5.71
2.08
77.50
80+
9.78
8850.00
5.75
9.82
65.97
6714.27
8757.57
2.99
5.78
1.63
87.00
Table-B35. Computation of YLL and DALY for Pancreas Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr.
Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
4.3
0.7
5-14
10.1
11.3
0.7
15-29
23.9
21.2
0.7
28
30-44
39.6
14.8
0.8
333
0.4
45-59
53.5
10.4
0.8
1,599
8,405
3.1
16.1
114
60-69
2,039
10
64.9
6.6
0.8
7,473
11,109
2,690
11,782
36.7
13.2
57.8
70-79
851
10
74.4
4.5
0.8
1,696
3,055
1,393
6,788
19.9
16.4
79.8
80+
243
10
86.7
2.5
0.8
199
477
626
2,098
8.2
25.8
86.4
Total
3,132
0.6
69.2
5.7
0.8
9,367
14,640
6,669
29,073
1.9
1.4
Female
0-4
2.5
41.9
0.4
14-May
10.1
37.1
0.4
15-29
23.5
24.8
0.4
130
0.1
30-44
38.3
17.2
0.6
470
0.5
45-59
53.2
11.9
0.8
1,137
7,811
2.2
15.1
60-69
2,233
10
65.2
7.3
0.8
8,336
12,716
1,398
6,967
37.3
6.3
31.2
70-79
897
10
74.3
4.5
0.7
1,637
2,942
890
4,576
18.2
9.9
51
80+
243
10
87
0.7
221
543
634
1,268
9.1
26.1
52.2
Total
3,373
0.7
69.2
6.2
0.8
10,195
16,201
4,661
20,623
2.1
4.3
Total
persons
6,505
0.7
69.2
0.8
19,562
30,841
11,329
49,696
1.2
5.1
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr.
Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Incbased
PYLD[0
,0]
per
100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
4.3
0.7
0.0
5-14
10.1
11.3
0.7
0.0
15-29
23.9
21.2
0.7
28
0.0
30-44
39.6
14.8
0.8
333
0.4
45-59
53.5
10.4
0.8
1,599
8,405
3.1
16.1
60-69
2,039
10.0
64.9
6.6
0.8
7,473
11,109
2,690
11,782
36.7
13.2
57.8
70-79
851
10.0
74.4
4.5
0.8
1,696
3,055
1,393
6,788
19.9
16.4
79.8
80+
243
10.0
86.7
2.5
0.8
199
477
626
2,098
8.2
25.8
86.4
Total
3,132
0.6
69.2
5.7
0.8
9,367
14,640
6,669
29,073
1.9
1.4
6.0
Female
115
0-4
2.5
41.9
0.4
0.0
5-14
10.1
37.1
0.4
0.0
15-29
23.5
24.8
0.4
130
0.1
30-44
38.3
17.2
0.6
470
0.5
45-59
53.2
11.9
0.8
1,137
7,811
2.2
15.1
60-69
2,233
10.0
65.2
7.3
0.8
8,336
12,716
1,398
6,967
37.3
6.3
31.2
70-79
897
10.0
74.3
4.5
0.7
1,637
2,942
890
4,576
18.2
9.9
51.0
80+
243
10.0
87.0
3.0
0.7
221
543
634
1,268
9.1
26.1
52.2
3,373
0.7
69.2
6.2
0.8
10,195
16,201
4,661
20,623
2.1
1.0
4.3
6,505
0.7
69.2
6.0
0.8
19,562
30,841
11,329
49,696
2.0
1.2
5.1
Total
Total
person
s
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
15-29
0.0
62
55
62
55
0.0
0.0
30-44
177
0.0
4,133
7,073
4,133
7,073
4.5
4.5
45-59
588
0.0
8,834
31,555
8,834
31,555
16.9
16.9
60-69
826
0.0
7,410
53,730
14,884
64,839
36.3
73.0
70-79
602
0.1
3,035
44,820
4,731
47,875
35.7
55.6
80+
212
0.1
462
18,056
660
18,532
19.0
27.2
Total
2,407
0.0
23,936
155,288
33,304
169,928
4.9
6.8
116
Female
0-4
5-14
15-29
0.0
157
138
157
138
0.1
0.1
30-44
106
0.0
2,622
4,070
2,622
4,070
2.8
2.8
45-59
337
0.0
5,433
17,803
5,433
17,803
10.5
10.5
60-69
354
0.0
3,359
23,230
11,695
35,946
15.0
52.4
70-79
441
0.0
2,536
32,803
4,173
35,744
28.3
46.5
80+
140
0.1
331
11,983
552
12,527
13.6
22.7
Total
1,383
0.0
14,437
90,026
24,632
106,227
3.0
5.1
Total persons
3,790
0.0
38,374
245,314
57,936
276,155
4.0
6.0
Table-B36. DISMOD Analysis for Trachea Bronchus and Lung Cancer Data (males)
Age
group
Incident
rates
/100,000
0.06
Input Variables
Case fatality
rate
Mortality
rate/100,000
/100,000
66670.00
0.11
Output Variables
Incident
rates/100,000
0.07
Prevalence
rate/100,000
0.08
Remission
rate/100,000
36.76
Case fatality
rate/100,000
58800.23
Duration
(years)
3.94
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.05
RR mortality
(numbers)
40.11
Age of
onset(years)
2.48
0-4
0.05
50000.00
0.05
0.06
0.17
197.00
22435.31
16.46
0.04
91.48
7.46
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.39
145.26
1175.90
21.05
0.00
32.61
12.55
0.06
22220.00
0.11
0.08
0.69
13.72
4024.48
17.91
0.03
26.75
17.60
0.30
8110.00
0.15
0.09
0.88
0.00
6603.20
18.43
0.06
30.58
22.42
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.27
1.34
0.00
2523.44
17.57
0.03
11.26
28.25
1.11
4520.00
0.43
1.15
4.22
0.00
4286.11
15.50
0.18
14.20
32.91
2.46
8330.00
1.37
2.56
11.42
0.00
5125.86
14.48
0.59
13.02
37.77
4.99
3030.00
1.43
4.96
25.30
0.00
4611.22
13.22
1.17
9.21
42.77
11.70
5500.00
5.28
10.54
53.21
0.00
5178.50
11.54
2.76
7.65
47.80
24.60
5850.00
11.43
21.01
107.42
0.00
6178.95
10.23
6.64
5.77
52.74
36.80
5030.00
15.57
34.61
200.41
0.00
5865.67
8.94
11.76
4.05
57.66
46.10
4850.00
21.15
48.80
331.72
148.61
5623.98
7.31
18.66
2.71
62.64
80.20
6080.00
35.58
68.28
491.52
1299.31
5989.76
5.67
29.45
2.32
67.61
78.00
6070.00
38.68
79.07
604.64
5252.12
6404.52
4.21
38.73
1.95
72.51
81.50
7720.00
39.01
80.37
580.87
9109.54
6896.29
3.35
40.05
1.69
77.51
81.50
7720.00
39.01
81.40
515.78
9106.33
7588.27
2.45
39.13
1.40
86.63
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
117
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Table-B37. DISMOD Analysis of Trachea Bronchus and Lung Cancer Data (females)
Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
Incident
rates/
100,000
0.00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
0.00
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
Incident
rates/100,000
0.00
Prevalence
rate/100,000
0.00
Remission
rate/100,000
0.00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
0.00
Duration
(years)
39.89
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
RR mortality
(numbers)
0.00
Age of
onset(years)
3.99
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.10
0.00
0.00
37.08
0.00
1.00
7.92
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.37
0.00
0.00
32.68
0.00
1.00
12.58
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.71
0.00
0.09
27.99
0.00
1.00
17.50
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.08
1.07
0.00
4.57
23.20
0.00
1.02
22.60
0.12
5000.00
0.12
0.14
1.56
0.01
1128.17
18.61
0.02
7.18
27.85
0.31
5560.00
0.23
0.33
2.40
0.00
4627.10
16.36
0.11
18.02
32.79
0.60
4490.00
0.35
0.70
3.95
0.00
5598.85
15.97
0.22
19.44
37.89
2.98
5420.00
1.12
2.03
8.85
0.00
4328.38
15.17
0.38
12.46
42.87
3.17
2400.00
0.75
3.64
20.61
0.00
3487.65
13.33
0.72
7.54
47.64
6.24
6290.00
3.51
5.14
37.00
0.00
4026.38
10.94
1.49
5.50
52.65
7.74
4950.00
3.50
7.98
57.74
0.00
5619.17
8.79
3.25
4.98
57.69
12.70
7890.00
7.90
12.48
84.82
361.63
7169.31
7.10
6.08
3.98
62.66
19.30
6090.00
7.81
17.42
117.00
2465.62
6953.48
5.77
8.14
3.04
67.60
21.09
6830.00
9.53
20.08
140.73
5813.50
6748.31
4.60
9.50
2.32
72.52
20.13
7830.00
10.35
20.38
141.53
8039.14
7278.50
3.86
10.30
1.96
77.50
20.13
7830.00
10.35
20.16
133.70
7791.77
7754.89
2.98
10.37
1.56
87.02
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
118
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Table-B38. Computation of YLL and DALY for Trachea, Bronchus and Lung Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per
100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
3.3
0.3
0.5
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per
100,000
Curr.
Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per
100,000
Male
119
0-4
14-May
29
10.8
0.3
0.5
42
42
15-29
705
0.5
23.3
0.3
0.5
167
110
1,032
1,032
0.1
0.8
0.8
30-44
2,559
2.8
38.1
0.2
0.7
468
342
3,386
3,386
0.5
3.7
3.7
45-59
20,633
39.5
54.1
0.2
0.7
2,833
2,763
27,290
27,290
5.4
52.3
52.3
60-69
28,761
141.1
65.5
0.2
0.7
2,999
3,816
38,097
38,097
14.7
186.8
186.8
70-79
17,793
209.2
75.5
0.2
0.8
1,368
2,249
20,710
20,710
16.1
243.5
243.5
80+
5,615
231.3
85.4
0.2
0.8
322
695
6,079
6,079
13.3
250.4
250.4
Total
76,095
15.6
64.9
0.2
0.7
8,163
9,980
96,637
96,637
1.7
19.9
19.9
3.2
0.2
0.6
Female
0-4
14-May
31
10.7
0.2
0.6
46
46
15-29
261
0.2
23.2
0.2
0.6
46
30
385
385
0.3
0.3
30-44
1,538
1.6
38.3
0.2
0.6
226
165
2,025
2,025
0.2
2.1
2.1
45-59
5,409
10.5
54.4
0.2
0.6
582
571
7,137
7,137
1.1
13.8
13.8
60-69
6,473
29
65.6
0.2
0.7
528
673
8,559
8,559
2.4
38.3
38.3
70-79
4,006
44.7
75.7
0.1
0.7
234
387
4,392
4,392
2.6
49
49
813
33.5
85.7
0.1
0.7
35
76
850
850
1.4
35
35
18,532
3.8
62.4
0.2
0.6
1,655
1,907
23,394
23,394
0.3
4.8
4.8
94,626
9.8
64.4
0.2
0.7
9,818
11,886
120,031
120,031
12.4
12.4
80+
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
0-4
27
0.0
950
70
950
70
1.7
1.7
5-14
25
0.0
931
203
936
207
0.8
0.8
15-29
54
0.0
1,820
1,215
1,987
1,325
1.4
1.5
30-44
557
0.0
13,088
22,128
13,556
22,469
14.1
14.6
45-59
3,287
0.1
48,933
177,158
51,767
179,921
93.7
99.2
60-69
4,696
0.2
42,040
305,655
45,039
309,471
206.2
220.9
70-79
3,332
0.4
17,029
247,400
18,397
249,649
200.2
216.3
949
0.4
2,069
80,807
2,392
81,503
85.3
98.5
12,927
0.0
126,860
834,635
135,023
844,615
26.1
27.8
80+
120
Total
Female
0-4
5-14
15-29
0.0
220
193
265
30-44
211
0.0
5,151
8,213
45-59
849
0.0
13,041
60-69
1,548
0.1
70-79
875
80+
Total
Total persons
0.0
223
0.2
0.2
5,377
8,378
5.4
5.7
46,013
13,622
46,583
25.2
26.4
15,196
100,505
15,725
101,178
68.0
70.4
0.1
5,086
64,938
5,320
65,325
56.7
59.3
252
0.1
595
21,572
630
21,648
24.5
25.9
3,742
0.0
39,288
241,432
40,944
243,338
8.1
8.5
16,669
0.0
166,148
1,076,067
175,967
1,087,953
17.1
18.1
Table-B39. DISMOD Analysis for Breast Cancer Data (males)
121
Age
Incident
group rates/100,000
0.00
0-4
0.00
5-9
0.00
10-14
0.00
15-19
0.00
20-24
0.00
25-29
0.10
30-34
0.00
35-39
0.40
40-44
0.30
45-49
1.00
50-54
0.60
55-59
2.30
60-64
2.00
65-69
4.80
70-74
4.10
75-79
4.10
80+
Input Variables
Case fatality
rate/100,000
0.00
Output Variables
Case fatality
Duration
rate/100,000
(years)
0.00
0.00
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
Incident
rates/100,000
0.00
Prevalence
rate/100,000
0.00
Remission
rate/100,000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
RR mortality
(numbers)
0.00
Age of
onset(years)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
38.65
0.00
1.00
28.50
0.00
0.06
0.23
0.00
0.00
34.95
0.00
1.00
32.65
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.54
0.11
0.34
30.67
0.00
1.00
37.51
0.00
0.00
0.18
1.02
1.05
3.39
25.94
0.00
1.01
43.02
2270.00
0.11
0.35
2.39
1.35
4.95
22.07
0.00
1.01
47.61
0.00
0.00
0.30
4.14
0.57
2.84
18.36
0.00
1.00
52.23
0.00
0.00
0.46
5.58
0.10
604.02
14.10
0.03
1.40
58.20
5260.00
0.76
1.71
10.25
0.00
2212.64
11.99
0.23
1.65
62.78
1720.00
0.41
2.36
19.44
5.29
1175.16
10.47
0.23
1.32
67.56
0.00
0.00
3.31
32.61
51.18
63.20
8.24
0.02
1.03
72.67
0.00
0.00
4.18
51.61
107.83
0.91
6.35
0.00
1.00
77.52
0.00
0.00
4.12
88.77
135.07
0.00
3.92
0.00
1.00
86.60
Table-B40. DISMOD Analysis of Breast Cancer Data (females)
122
Age
Incident
group rates/100,000
0.00
0-4
0.00
5-9
0.00
10-14
0.54
15-19
1.09
20-24
3.79
25-29
12.80
30-34
27.00
35-39
51.50
40-44
69.50
45-49
79.70
50-54
87.90
55-59
92.30
60-64
114.00
65-69
101.00
70-74
113.00
75-79
113.00
80+
Input Variables
Case fatality
rate/100,000
0.00
Output Variables
Case fatality
Duration
rate/100,000
(years)
0.00
0.00
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
Incident
rates/100,000
0.00
Prevalence
rate/100,000
0.00
Remission
rate/100,000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.99
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.67
0.01
2080.00
0.07
0.61
2.90
1230.00
0.12
1.10
1380.00
0.48
2220.00
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
RR mortality
(numbers)
0.00
Age of
onset(years)
0.00
35.15
0.00
1.01
9.00
57.14
31.28
0.00
1.69
13.05
0.01
660.68
27.23
0.02
4.45
17.67
6.69
0.00
1421.84
23.79
0.10
6.36
22.79
4.03
16.60
0.00
1756.27
20.66
0.29
7.72
28.09
2.21
13.19
53.90
0.00
2301.39
18.01
1.24
9.21
32.86
2060.00
4.23
26.64
140.77
0.00
2378.01
15.30
3.35
8.79
37.74
2030.00
7.81
45.40
293.25
168.63
2354.31
12.19
6.91
7.12
42.68
2830.00
14.30
64.08
494.23
2843.50
2508.51
9.33
12.40
5.71
47.60
2710.00
17.20
76.86
628.43
6755.38
2740.40
7.75
17.23
4.14
52.55
3090.00
20.70
85.94
691.41
7907.69
2910.11
6.94
20.12
3.12
57.54
2850.00
20.60
93.91
744.32
8147.30
3015.27
6.12
22.45
2.27
62.54
3820.00
29.40
103.45
785.00
8866.04
3580.00
5.31
28.10
2.06
67.53
4520.00
33.30
107.50
794.91
9228.66
4350.59
4.51
34.58
1.85
72.50
5970.00
40.30
108.98
767.15
10454.03
5122.69
3.72
39.29
1.67
77.51
5970.00
40.30
112.64
690.02
11446.89
5838.82
2.84
40.28
1.42
87.05
Table-B41. Computation of YLL and DALY for Breast Cancer Data

Incidence
YLD
YLD
Incidence Age of Duration Disability
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000 Onset
Weight (Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence)
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr. Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000
Male
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.0
5-14
0.0
0.0
0.0
15-29
28.5
38.7
0.0
30-44
39.2
29.2
0.0
45-59
52.2
18.5
0.0
60-69
408
2.0
65.1
11.3
0.0
70-79
340
4.0
74.6
7.5
0.0
97
4.0
86.6
3.9
0.0
845
0.2
71.4
8.9
0.0
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.5
89
0.2
5-14
12.7
31.6
0.5
167
0.1
80+
123
Total
Female
15-29
2,665
2.0
25.8
22.1
0.5
32,759
31,931
13,269
5,790
24.6
10.0
4.3
30-44
25,558
27.0
39.2
14.3
0.6
220,741
223,742
131,378
86,103
233.2
138.8
91.0
45-59
38,248
74.0
52.4
8.0
0.6
171,792
196,511
109,864
195,533
332.4
212.6
378.3
60-69
21,885
98.0
64.7
5.8
0.7
61,943
89,668
56,327
120,885
277.4
252.2
541.3
70-79
9,689
108.0
74.1
4.3
0.9
20,870
37,083
18,744
63,501
232.6
208.9
707.8
80+
2,743
113.0
87.1
2.8
1.0
3,060
7,486
8,273
16,096
126.1
340.8
663.1
100,788
20.8
54.0
9.0
0.7 511,164
586,420
338,112
487,908
105.7
69.9
100.9
101,633
10.5
54.2
9.0
0.7
511,164
586,420
338,112
487,908
52.7
34.9
50.3
Total
Total
persons
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
DALY
DALY[0,0]
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
45-59
0.0
51
230
51
230
0.1
0.1
60-69
47
0.0
434
3,033
434
3,033
2.1
2.1
70-79
0.0
73
73
0.1
0.1
80+
Total
52
0.0
491
3,335
491
3,335
0.1
0.1
0-4
0.0
30
30
0.1
0.1
5-14
15-29
172
0.0
5,558
4,425
38,316
36,356
4.2
28.8
30-44
3,327
0.0
79,883
131,648
300,624
355,389
84.4
317.6
45-59
8,318
0.2
135,143
437,640
306,935
634,151
261.5
593.8
60-69
5,534
0.2
54,546
358,835
116,489
448,503
244.3
521.6
70-79
3,239
0.4
18,764
240,548
39,634
277,630
209.2
441.8
80+
978
0.4
2,310
83,711
5,370
91,197
95.2
221.2
Total
21,569
0.0
296,233
1,256,806
807,397
1,843,227
61.3
167.0
Total persons
21,621
0.0
296,724
1,260,141
807,887
1,846,562
30.6
83.3
YLL
YLL[0,0]
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
124
Female
Table-B42. DISMOD Analysis of Cervix Cancer Data
125
Input Variables
Output Variables
Age
Incident
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
Remission Case fatality Duration
Mortality
RR mortality
Age of
group rates/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rates/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 (years) rate/100,000 (numbers) onset(years)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
3164.99
0.00
6.67
0.00
1.00
14.25
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.39
23521.85
0.22
5.44
0.00
1.00
18.18
15-19
0.66
0.00
0.00
0.72
1.44
31172.73
7.38
12.19
0.00
1.03
22.75
20-24
2.28
2460.00
0.60
2.53
5.98
5509.86
344.81
23.73
0.02
2.63
28.11
25-29
8.32
1210.00
0.99
8.71
31.07
0.00
1176.60
21.93
0.37
5.30
32.87
30-34
17.37
1320.00
2.33
17.78
91.87
0.00
1582.28
18.73
1.45
6.16
37.74
35-39
33.85
1650.00
5.58
31.51
200.69
20.67
1772.21
15.47
3.56
5.59
42.71
40-44
54.14
1720.00
8.14
48.49
371.85
392.93
1849.66
12.17
6.88
4.47
47.64
45-49
68.79
1790.00
10.91
61.47
571.36
2824.10
1860.66
9.19
10.63
3.12
52.55
50-54
66.18
2180.00
13.49
67.75
674.47
6641.23
2078.64
7.37
14.02
2.50
57.54
55-59
77.32
2600.00
18.34
74.94
704.88
7478.81
2570.09
6.14
18.12
2.08
62.53
60-64
80.89
3890.00
24.82
77.02
664.18
11493.45
3097.17
5.45
20.56
1.91
67.48
65-69
74.17
2720.00
16.33
67.24
591.25
8179.40
3283.97
5.42
19.42
1.65
72.41
70-74
48.90
5340.00
23.01
54.74
607.83
6265.02
3723.97
4.29
22.63
1.49
77.44
75-79
48.90
5340.00
23.01
49.39
469.86
9093.20
4908.63
3.19
23.05
1.35
86.97
80+
Table-B43. Computation of YLL and DALY for Cervix Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
Age of Duration Disability
per 100,000 Onset
Weight
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence)
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr. Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
per 100,000 per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
-
2.5
0.0
0.0
5-14
10.0
0.0
0.0
15-29
22.5
0.0
0.0
30-44
37.5
0.0
0.0
45-59
52.5
0.0
0.0
60-69
65.0
0.0
0.0
70-79
75.0
0.0
0.0
80+
85.0
0.0
0.0
Total
43.8
0.0
0.0
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.3
30
0.1
5-14
14.2
6.7
0.3
755
0.7
15-29
26.2
19.8
0.2
260,840
195.7
126
0-4
Female
30-44
18,932
20.0
39.3
17.7
0.3
87,534
95,658
85,186
27,022
92.5
90.0
28.5
45-59
31,012
60.0
52.5
9.6
0.3
86,122
102,626
187,135
92,648
166.6
362.1
179.3
60-69
17,865
80.0
64.6
5.9
0.4
29,382
42,561
79,973
62,218
131.6
358.1
278.6
70-79
5,383
60.0
73.8
5.1
0.9
13,294
23,955
21,195
46,971
148.2
236.3
523.6
80+
1,214
50.0
87.0
3.2
0.9
1,461
3,607
5,691
10,595
60.2
234.4
436.5
Total
Total
persons
74,405
15.4
54.2
10.3
0.4 217,794
268,407
640,805
239,454
45.0
132.5
49.5
74,405
7.7
54.2
10.3
0.4
217,794
268,407
640,805
239,454
22.5
66.1
24.7
Number of
deaths
Death rate
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
45-59
60-69
70-79
80+
Total
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.0
5-14
15-29
0.0
282
248
282
248
0.2
0.2
30-44
1,529
0.0
36,155
61,398
123,690
157,056
38.2
130.7
45-59
5,191
0.1
83,303
274,958
169,425
377,583
161.2
327.8
60-69
4,272
0.2
42,353
276,485
71,735
319,046
189.7
321.2
70-79
1,835
0.2
10,610
136,333
23,904
160,288
118.3
266.4
80+
559
0.2
1,325
47,828
2,786
51,435
54.6
114.8
Total
13,395
0.0
174,034
797,248
391,828
1,065,655
36.0
81.0
Total persons
13,395
0.0
174,034
797,248
391,828
1,065,655
17.9
40.4
YLL
YLL
per 100,000
DALY
per 100,000
Male
127
Female
Table-B44. DISMOD Analysis of Ovary Cancer Data
128
Input Variables
Output Variables
Age
Incident
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
Mortality
RR mortality
Age of
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.61
0.36
0.42
33.66
0.00
1.00
2.57
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.33
2.04
0.14
64.94
30.47
0.00
1.89
7.62
5-9
0.36
2780.00
0.12
0.43
3.88
0.01
564.13
26.06
0.02
5.81
12.62
10-14
0.94
750.00
0.07
0.74
6.45
0.00
1055.96
22.14
0.07
6.21
17.77
15-19
1.33
1980.00
0.24
1.31
10.98
0.00
1609.53
18.73
0.18
7.18
22.68
20-24
2.10
3880.00
0.60
1.84
17.14
1142.26
2394.51
16.04
0.41
10.14
27.60
25-29
2.21
1780.00
0.38
2.53
22.61
4136.24
2202.30
15.13
0.50
8.91
32.70
30-34
5.01
3100.00
1.12
4.89
32.35
2218.04
2637.96
14.82
0.85
9.66
37.80
35-39
13.39
2460.00
2.23
9.98
60.34
157.02
3048.05
12.72
1.84
8.92
42.75
40-44
13.72
3500.00
4.22
15.20
109.06
1091.25
3089.41
10.03
3.37
6.80
47.61
45-49
24.36
2940.00
5.07
20.20
158.48
4026.32
3230.58
7.69
5.12
4.68
52.63
50-54
29.22
3870.00
6.99
26.40
192.24
7602.99
3712.60
6.28
7.14
3.67
57.56
55-59
27.65
5070.00
9.88
28.22
205.03
8567.27
4744.27
5.45
9.73
2.99
62.51
60-64
29.88
5830.00
12.41
29.39
205.90
8750.68
5669.34
4.73
11.67
2.67
67.52
65-69
30.62
6340.00
12.25
30.86
199.52
10357.92
6333.42
3.94
12.63
2.25
72.52
70-74
32.79
7640.00
12.66
32.00
183.28
12392.70
6962.69
3.35
12.76
1.92
77.51
75-79
32.79
7640.00
12.66
32.73
167.83
12588.32
7543.79
2.63
12.66
1.54
87.04
80+
Table-B45. Computation of YLL and DALY for Ovary Cancer Data
YLD
Inc-based
Incidence Curr. Prev. Inc-based
Incidence Incidence Age of Duration Disability
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0] PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000 Onset
Weight (Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence) (Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000
Male
129
0-4
2.5
0.0
0.0
5-14
10.0
0.0
0.0
15-29
22.5
0.0
0.0
30-44
37.5
0.0
0.0
45-59
52.5
0.0
0.0
60-69
65.0
0.0
0.0
70-79
75.0
0.0
0.0
80+
85.0
0.0
0.0
Total
43.8
0.0
0.0
0-4
2.6
33.7
0.3
1,826
3.1
5-14
10.5
28.0
0.3
8,303
7.5
15-29
23.9
18.2
0.3
35,527
3,521
26.3
2.6
Female
30-44
10,001
10.0
39.4
13.8
0.3
44,698
44,976
28,378
13,036
44.7
28.4
13.0
45-59
12,420
20.0
52.8
7.9
0.4
34,346
39,529
37,776
37,528
55.3
60.8
60.4
60-69
7,686
30.0
64.6
5.1
0.6
15,260
21,645
19,543
29,709
59.6
76.3
116.0
70-79
3,913
30.0
74.2
3.7
0.8
6,658
11,671
7,161
19,978
51.0
54.9
153.2
80+
1,119
30.0
87.0
2.6
0.9
1,097
2,661
3,434
5,800
29.4
92.1
155.6
Total
Total
persons
35,139
6.9
55.0
8.3
0.5 102,059
120,483
141,949
109,573
20.1
27.9
21.5
35,139
3.3
55.0
8.3
0.5
102,059
120,483
141,949
109,573
9.7
13.5
10.4
Number of
Death rate
YLL
DALY
deaths
per 1,000
per 100,000
per 100,000
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
45-59
60-69
70-79
80+
Total
0-4
5-14
14
0.0
525
170
525
170
0.5
0.5
15-29
281
0.0
9,190
7,008
9,190
7,008
6.8
6.8
30-44
937
0.0
22,758
36,658
67,456
81,633
22.8
67.4
45-59
2,564
0.0
41,052
135,980
75,398
175,509
66.1
121.4
60-69
2,352
0.1
23,241
152,385
38,501
174,030
90.7
150.3
70-79
1,137
0.1
6,642
84,293
13,300
95,964
50.9
102.0
80+
307
0.1
725
26,279
1,821
28,941
19.4
48.9
Total
7,592
0.0
104,132
442,772
206,191
563,255
20.5
40.5
Total persons
7,592
0.0
104,132
442,772
206,191
563,255
9.9
19.6
YLL
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
Male
130
Female
Table-B46. DISMOD Analysis for Bladder Cancer Data (males)

Age
group
Input Variables
Output Variables
Incident
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence Remission Case fatality Duration
Mortality
RR mortality
Age of
rates/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rates/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 (years) rate/100,000 (numbers) onset(years)
131
0-4
0.06
14290.00
0.06
0.06
0.16
5.37
4.23
49.94
0.00
1.00
2.47
5-9
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.47
19.81
1.68
47.42
0.00
1.01
7.50
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.80
58.13
0.08
42.64
0.00
1.00
12.70
15-19
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.12
1.28
753.81
0.11
38.62
0.00
1.00
17.59
20-24
0.15
0.00
0.00
0.16
1.86
1221.71
5.57
36.03
0.00
1.03
22.66
25-29
0.27
6670.00
0.11
0.25
2.76
293.03
13.69
32.83
0.00
1.05
27.68
30-34
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.39
4.29
0.01
121.28
28.45
0.01
1.56
32.70
35-39
0.68
2110.00
0.14
0.69
6.75
0.00
691.27
24.38
0.05
2.67
37.77
40-44
1.69
700.00
0.09
1.42
11.40
0.00
972.74
20.92
0.11
2.73
42.79
45-49
2.76
2000.00
0.46
2.67
20.52
0.00
1467.21
17.68
0.30
2.90
47.72
50-54
5.42
2540.00
1.32
4.92
36.24
0.00
2111.91
14.98
0.77
2.63
52.75
55-59
10.50
1630.00
1.47
8.95
65.20
0.00
1914.80
12.50
1.25
2.00
57.72
60-64
14.60
1480.00
2.01
15.05
115.76
0.00
1867.48
9.96
2.16
1.56
62.71
65-69
27.40
2970.00
6.95
25.32
197.51
0.00
2718.52
7.75
5.37
1.61
67.69
70-74
42.80
3700.00
10.71
36.72
311.70
248.93
3592.75
5.64
11.20
1.52
72.61
75-79
44.80
5920.00
20.96
43.46
405.60
4336.71
4498.68
3.91
18.25
1.44
77.53
80+
44.80
5920.00
20.96
44.75
371.55
8099.16
5658.76
2.63
21.02
1.30
86.63
Table-B47. DISMOD Analysis of Bladder Cancer Data (females)

Input Variables
Output Variables
Incident
rates/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case
fatality
rate/100,00
0
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,
000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(y
ears)
0-4
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.14
0.00
0.00
53.46
0.00
1.00
2.37
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.35
0.00
0.00
52.06
0.00
1.00
6.83
10-14
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.39
0.62
0.00
46.92
0.00
0.00
12.50
15-19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.44
12.47
0.00
41.66
0.00
1.00
18.18
20-24
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.66
20.60
0.00
37.59
0.00
1.00
22.73
25-29
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.11
1.08
19.99
3.26
33.05
0.00
1.02
27.78
30-34
0.23
8330.00
0.08
0.21
1.88
95.70
11.72
28.63
0.00
1.04
32.68
35-39
0.26
0.00
0.00
0.31
3.13
258.65
215.58
24.30
0.01
2.32
37.69
40-44
0.87
6120.00
0.37
0.61
5.04
178.99
1969.47
20.95
0.10
6.48
42.79
45-49
0.90
2820.00
0.30
1.00
8.23
15.93
2728.71
19.15
0.22
6.29
47.64
50-54
1.75
1180.00
0.19
1.64
13.41
0.00
1799.74
16.75
0.24
3.09
52.75
55-59
3.75
3450.00
0.75
2.77
22.95
0.00
1547.68
13.98
0.36
2.16
57.64
60-64
3.39
3550.00
1.41
3.94
37.80
0.01
498.16
10.77
0.19
1.33
62.70
65-69
8.73
0.00
0.00
7.22
63.86
692.75
359.76
7.28
0.23
1.21
67.72
70-74
10.90
6610.00
5.44
10.38
89.50
6263.00
3136.53
4.70
2.81
1.65
72.58
75-79
12.70
6340.00
5.18
11.94
85.03
10328.25
5963.24
3.82
5.07
1.78
77.54
80+
12.70
6340.00
5.18
12.64
81.49
9030.14
6353.99
2.98
5.18
1.46
87.05
Age
group
132
Table-B48. Computation of YLL and DALY for Bladder Cancer Data

YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per 100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
49.9
0.3
547
1.0
5-14
10.5
44.6
0.3
241
0.2
15-29
23.6
35.3
0.3
2,449
1.8
30-44
39.4
23.3
0.4
2,342
4,083
2.5
4.4
45-59
53.8
14.5
0.5
7,949
10,806
15.2
20.7
133
60-69
4,078
20.0
65.4
8.8
0.6
13,408
21,368
15,048
18,212
65.8
73.8
89.3
70-79
3,402
40.0
74.5
5.0
0.8
7,526
13,782
6,715
23,429
88.5
79.0
275.5
80+
971
40.0
86.6
2.6
0.9
951
2,280
3,193
8,111
39.2
131.5
334.2
Total
8,451
1.7
71.5
6.6
0.7
21,884
37,430
38,484
64,640
4.5
7.9
13.3
Female
0-4
2.4
53.5
0.3
74,559
135.9
5-14
7.3
51.6
0.3
4,443
3.9
15-29
24.9
35.6
0.3
22,205
16.7
30-44
39.0
23.7
0.5
29,980
31.7
45-59
53.6
16.1
0.5
16,244
2,707
31.4
5.2
60-69
2,233
10.0
65.5
8.8
0.6
7,573
12,100
10,347
6,875
33.9
46.3
30.8
70-79
897
10.0
74.3
4.4
0.8
1,807
3,237
3,869
6,621
20.1
43.1
73.8
80+
243
10.0
87.1
3.0
0.9
278
685
2,136
1,827
11.5
88.0
75.3
3,373
0.7
69.4
7.2
0.7
9,658
16,022
163,782
18,030
2.0
33.9
3.7
11,824
1.2
70.9
6.7
0.7
31,542
53,452
202,265
82,670
3.3
20.9
8.5
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
Death rate
deaths
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
46
0.0
1,057
1,865
1,057
1,865
1.1
1.1
45-59
362
0.0
5,403
19,485
5,403
19,485
10.4
10.4
60-69
705
0.0
6,125
46,278
19,532
67,646
30.0
95.8
70-79
1,158
0.1
5,702
86,615
13,227
100,397
67.0
155.5
80+
510
0.2
1,112
43,426
2,063
45,705
45.8
85.0
Total
2,781
0.0
19,399
197,668
41,283
235,098
4.0
8.5
134
Female
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
29
0.0
650
1,223
650
1,223
0.7
0.7
45-59
136
0.0
2,213
7,150
2,213
7,150
4.3
4.3
60-69
46
0.0
455
2,980
8,028
15,080
2.0
35.9
70-79
318
0.0
1,776
23,795
3,582
27,032
19.8
39.9
80+
125
0.1
295
10,699
574
11,385
12.2
23.6
Total
654
0.0
5,389
45,847
15,046
61,869
1.1
3.1
Total persons
3,435
0.0
24,787
243,515
56,329
296,967
2.6
5.8
Table-B49. DISMOD Analysis for Leukemia Cancer Data (males)

Input Variables
Age
group
Output Variables
135
Incident
rates
/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR
mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
3.70
2940.00
0.96
4.24
10.06
248.90
3498.18
11.96
0.35
3.36
2.48
5-9
3.60
3360.00
1.05
3.93
26.44
1317.27
3656.47
9.81
0.97
21.11
7.47
10-14
3.90
4570.00
1.27
3.82
36.15
3031.25
4113.41
7.31
1.49
40.25
12.51
15-19
4.00
7140.00
2.28
3.69
35.33
11114.57
4694.00
5.63
1.66
29.44
17.46
20-24
3.10
4620.00
1.01
3.18
22.88
17814.17
5109.98
7.02
1.17
23.51
22.43
25-29
2.50
5260.00
1.02
2.61
18.87
7588.22
5407.62
9.70
1.02
21.66
27.42
30-34
2.00
6170.00
1.23
2.29
20.42
3893.60
5894.86
10.28
1.20
19.36
32.50
35-39
2.80
6430.00
1.37
2.70
22.54
2969.88
5995.49
10.35
1.35
15.27
37.61
40-44
3.70
5230.00
1.60
3.44
26.99
3244.99
5723.94
10.12
1.55
11.28
42.59
45-49
4.10
5680.00
1.72
4.19
32.95
2603.38
5513.42
9.86
1.82
8.31
47.58
50-54
5.30
5520.00
2.49
5.49
43.43
532.38
5876.52
8.63
2.55
5.57
52.64
55-59
9.50
8170.00
4.42
7.56
58.09
1265.65
6988.85
6.97
4.06
4.61
57.60
60-64
8.80
9050.00
5.54
9.27
67.75
3566.18
8134.88
5.99
5.51
3.49
62.59
65-69
13.00
7940.00
6.95
12.30
79.14
2389.12
8365.42
5.52
6.62
2.84
67.62
70-74
17.00
8280.00
8.33
15.82
102.84
2343.16
8332.49
4.48
8.57
2.23
72.58
75-79
19.00
9270.00
11.06
18.11
119.85
5057.23
8680.75
3.53
10.41
1.86
77.53
80+
19.00
9270.00
11.06
18.94
120.36
6828.07
9184.72
2.48
11.05
1.49
86.64
Table-B50. DISMOD Analysis of Leukemia Cancer Data (females)

Age
group
Input Variables
Output Variables
136
Incident
rates/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Mortality
rate/100,000
Incident
rates/100,000
Prevalence
rate/100,000
Remission
rate/100,000
Case fatality
rate/100,000
Duration
(years)
Mortality
rate/100,000
RR mortality
(numbers)
Age of
onset(years)
0-4
3.24
6790.00
1.53
2.72
6.21
497.10
6364.95
10.08
0.40
4.71
2.45
5-9
1.63
4410.00
0.73
2.16
14.46
2933.47
5332.48
9.18
0.77
23.71
7.39
10-14
2.12
4840.00
0.73
1.90
16.29
7847.81
4527.11
8.65
0.74
37.62
12.51
15-19
2.01
3880.00
0.60
1.70
15.18
7853.27
4483.35
9.69
0.68
23.92
17.38
20-24
1.03
5940.00
0.72
1.31
15.12
3254.23
4890.16
9.73
0.74
19.43
22.47
25-29
1.68
5740.00
0.84
1.61
15.44
4233.72
5554.20
8.86
0.86
22.18
27.66
30-34
2.60
6250.00
1.15
2.42
17.01
4733.25
6110.88
8.53
1.04
22.90
32.64
35-39
3.20
5730.00
1.12
3.13
20.93
4509.52
6152.82
8.14
1.29
21.26
37.57
40-44
4.09
9140.00
2.23
3.51
24.28
6491.30
6679.01
7.90
1.62
18.53
42.53
45-49
3.32
6180.00
1.66
3.85
25.52
5556.33
7496.64
8.80
1.91
15.22
47.55
50-54
4.87
9230.00
3.51
4.22
30.90
938.81
7931.95
8.97
2.45
10.06
52.52
55-59
4.25
7930.00
3.25
5.05
38.42
475.25
8509.69
8.13
3.27
7.13
57.65
60-64
9.31
13510.00
7.05
7.46
48.73
984.53
9032.91
7.64
4.40
4.82
62.61
65-69
6.89
5390.00
4.14
8.17
63.31
603.75
7129.54
7.20
4.52
3.11
67.50
70-74
11.57
5310.00
4.08
9.47
82.67
318.78
5842.06
5.68
4.83
2.14
72.60
75-79
10.93
11110.00
8.63
11.00
97.56
3601.32
7424.99
4.06
7.24
1.97
77.52
80+
10.93
11110.00
8.63
10.96
82.40
5352.87
10402.02
2.99
8.57
1.74
87.01
Table-B51. Computation of YLL and DALY for Leukemia Cancer Data

Incidence
YLD
Incidence
per 100,000
Age of
Onset
Duration
Disability
Weight
YLD
(Incidence)
YLD[0,0]
(Incidence)
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence)
Incidence
YLD
per 100,000
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
per 100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
12.0
0.3
7,918
1,835
12.9
3.0
5-14
10.0
8.6
0.3
5,593
10,767
4.7
9.1
15-29
21.5
7.1
0.4
9,767
18,523
6.6
12.6
30-44
37.8
10.2
0.4
2,174
9,098
2.0
8.3
45-59
6,511
10.0
52.7
8.5
0.3
14,475
16,869
2,176
7,938
22.2
3.3
12.2
60-69
2,400
10.0
65.0
5.8
0.3
3,280
4,786
2,712
5,777
13.7
11.3
24.1
70-79
2,321
20.0
74.4
4.1
0.5
2,451
4,368
1,295
5,860
21.1
11.2
50.5
80+
601
20.0
86.6
2.5
0.5
287
686
572
1,646
9.5
19.0
54.8
Total
11,833
2.2
61.2
6.8
0.4
20,493
26,709
32,207
61,443
3.8
6.0
11.4
137
Female
0-4
2.5
10.1
0.2
8,384
1,121
14.5
1.9
5-14
9.8
8.9
0.2
3,210
4,265
2.9
3.8
15-29
22.2
9.4
0.3
3,527
6,798
2.6
5.0
30-44
37.6
8.2
0.3
1,658
5,407
1.7
5.4
45-59
52.3
8.7
0.3
1,655
4,954
2.7
8.0
60-69
2,562
10.0
64.7
7.4
0.3
3,524
5,321
1,641
3,596
13.8
6.4
14.0
70-79
1,304
10.0
74.4
5.1
0.3
1,259
2,306
1,030
4,069
9.7
7.9
31.2
80+
373
10.0
87.0
3.0
0.4
179
439
687
1,169
4.8
18.4
31.4
Total
Total
persons
4,239
0.8
69.6
6.3
0.3
4,962
8,066
21,792
31,378
1.0
4.3
6.2
16,072
1.5
63.4
6.7
0.3
25,455
34,775
53,999
92,821
2.4
5.1
8.8
YLL
Number of
Death rate
deaths
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
138
0-4
200
0.0
6,866
313
6,866
313
11.2
11.2
5-14
1,460
0.0
54,415
15,410
54,415
15,410
45.7
45.7
15-29
1,760
0.0
60,259
37,490
60,259
37,490
41.0
41.0
30-44
1,254
0.0
31,271
46,970
31,271
46,970
28.5
28.5
45-59
1,368
0.0
21,100
72,470
35,575
89,339
32.4
54.6
60-69
1,216
0.1
11,083
78,735
14,363
83,521
46.2
59.9
70-79
782
0.1
3,946
58,210
6,398
62,578
34.0
55.1
80+
268
0.1
584
22,822
871
23,508
19.4
29.0
Total
8,308
0.0
189,526
332,420
210,019
359,129
35.0
38.8
0-4
217
0.0
7,456
316
7,456
316
12.9
12.9
5-14
870
0.0
32,551
8,645
32,551
8,645
29.3
29.3
15-29
1,007
0.0
34,047
22,833
34,047
22,833
25.2
25.2
30-44
1,215
0.0
30,605
45,773
30,605
45,773
30.6
30.6
45-59
1,267
0.0
20,525
66,773
20,525
66,773
33.1
33.1
60-69
993
0.0
9,904
64,143
13,428
69,464
38.7
52.4
70-79
504
0.0
2,858
37,595
4,117
39,901
21.9
31.6
80+
208
0.1
492
17,802
670
18,241
13.2
18.0
Total
6,281
0.0
138,438
263,878
143,400
271,944
27.2
28.2
Total persons
14,589
0.0
327,964
596,298
353,419
631,073
31.2
33.7
Female
Table-B52. DISMOD Analysis for Prostate Cancer Data
139
Input Variables
Output Variables
Incident
Age rates/100,0 Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
Mortality
group
00
rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rates/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 (years) rate/100,000
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.08
0.19
623.67
0.53
17.76
0.00
0-4
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.53
1668.75
0.22
14.22
0.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.62
12146.87
0.09
13.14
0.00
10-14
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.48
14900.45
1.60
21.30
0.00
15-19
0.05
10000.00
0.05
0.06
0.57
3866.34
2.96
27.00
0.00
20-24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.73
3934.63
1.12
27.17
0.00
25-29
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.80
1518.84
0.27
26.56
0.00
30-34
0.14
0.00
0.00
0.11
1.08
23.27
121.05
22.46
0.00
35-39
0.27
6900.00
0.18
0.28
1.98
0.11
1166.20
18.68
0.02
40-44
0.92
1520.00
0.11
0.74
4.06
0.01
2136.31
15.66
0.09
45-49
3.52
3400.00
1.03
2.72
10.91
0.00
2533.06
13.02
0.28
50-54
10.70
2590.00
1.89
8.74
34.15
0.00
3416.73
10.73
1.17
55-59
20.10
4840.00
7.30
21.96
94.90
0.00
4404.41
8.96
4.18
60-64
47.90
3130.00
9.81
45.18
225.55
0.00
4080.30
7.47
9.21
65-69
81.50
3660.00
20.83
76.94
460.65
239.29
4023.14
5.58
18.54
70-74
134.00
5520.00
46.58
109.76
737.81
4022.50
4761.90
3.89
35.15
75-79
134.00
5520.00
46.58
131.97
849.92
9689.11
5452.16
2.51
46.34
80+
RR mortality
(numbers)
1.00
Age of
onset(years)
2.45
1.00
7.39
1.00
12.53
1.01
17.51
1.01
22.50
1.01
27.30
1.00
32.71
1.53
38.00
3.23
42.83
3.75
47.92
2.91
52.99
2.71
57.92
2.30
62.83
1.90
67.75
1.58
72.68
1.47
77.61
1.29
86.71
Table-B53. Computation of YLL and DALY for Prostate Cancer Data
YLD Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000 Onset
Weight
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr. Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence) (Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000
Male
0-4
2.5
17.8
0.4
94
0.2
5-14
9.9
13.7
0.4
61
0.1
15-29
21.8
24.8
0.4
82
0.1
30-44
40.5
20.5
0.5
534
0.6
45-59
55.7
11.8
0.5
4,212
2,439
8.1
4.7
60-69
6,117
30.0
65.7
8.1
0.5
14,467
22,819
19,867
14,086
71.0
97.4
69.1
70-79
7,655
90.0
74.8
4.9
0.7
13,625
25,085
12,579
31,854
160.2
147.9
374.5
80+
3,156
130.0
86.7
2.5
0.8
2,567
6,158
3,563
16,105
105.8
146.8
663.5
Total
16,927
3.5
73.7
5.6
0.6
30,659
54,061
40,994
64,484
6.3
8.4
13.3
140
Female
0-4
2.5
0.0
0.0
5-14
10.0
0.0
0.0
15-29
22.5
0.0
0.0
30-44
37.5
0.0
0.0
45-59
52.5
0.0
0.0
60-69
65.0
0.0
0.0
70-79
75.0
0.0
0.0
80+
85.0
0.0
0.0
Total
43.8
0.0
0.0
1.7
73.7
5.6
0.6
3.2
4.2
6.6
Total persons
16,927
30,659
54,061
40,994
64,484
Number of
Death rate
deaths
per 1,000
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
0.0
130
255
130
255
0.1
0.1
45-59
218
0.0
3,044
12,100
3,044
12,100
5.8
5.8
60-69
1,268
0.1
11,103
83,050
25,570
105,869
54.5
125.4
70-79
2,061
0.2
10,016
154,543
23,640
179,627
117.8
277.9
80+
1,124
0.5
2,443
95,751
5,011
101,908
100.7
206.4
Total
4,677
0.0
26,737
345,698
57,396
399,759
5.5
11.8
YLL
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
141
Female
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
45-59
60-69
70-79
80+
Total
2.8
5.9
Total persons
4,677
0.0
26,737
345,698
57,396
399,759
Table-B54. DISMOD Analysis for Lymphomas and multiple Myelomas Cancer Data (males)
142
Input Variables
Incident
Age
rates
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
group /100,000 rate/100,000 rate/100,000 rates/100,000 rate/100,000
0.84
1990.00
0.17
1.12
2.56
0-4
2.30
3370.00
0.73
1.76
8.95
5-9
1.99
1430.00
0.28
2.18
17.58
10-14
2.45
4330.00
0.78
2.09
22.53
15-19
1.72
1170.00
0.20
1.98
17.73
20-24
2.19
2810.00
0.59
2.21
18.08
25-29
2.59
3640.00
0.86
2.64
23.76
30-34
3.35
3920.00
1.16
3.46
29.88
35-39
5.70
5490.00
2.41
5.26
40.56
40-44
8.96
2820.00
1.72
8.40
56.95
45-49
13.92
4940.00
4.69
12.53
89.10
50-54
17.89
4760.00
6.73
16.97
131.36
55-59
21.65
4180.00
7.30
22.23
173.88
60-64
33.53
5030.00
12.27
30.24
226.17
65-69
37.49
5300.00
14.88
36.20
290.91
70-74
39.01
9090.00
23.29
38.35
325.91
75-79
39.01
9090.00
23.29
38.99
271.01
80+
Output Variables
Remission
rate/100,000
35.00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
2361.58
Duration
(years)
17.02
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.06
RR mortality
(numbers)
2.59
Age of
onset(years)
2.63
158.65
2171.45
14.69
0.19
12.92
7.67
636.24
1875.00
11.37
0.33
19.02
12.51
8543.32
1576.01
8.94
0.36
10.70
17.46
14966.57
1558.16
11.33
0.28
7.84
22.51
4557.35
2245.49
13.91
0.41
9.61
27.56
3369.11
3301.18
13.24
0.78
11.23
32.59
2153.26
3935.62
12.85
1.18
10.30
37.64
2853.21
3872.87
11.89
1.57
7.95
42.69
3145.64
3643.88
11.46
2.08
5.81
47.68
1049.14
3936.29
10.12
3.51
4.04
52.64
1989.10
4512.65
8.44
5.93
3.34
57.61
3090.50
4497.62
7.17
7.82
2.38
62.62
3126.85
4879.46
6.14
11.04
2.08
67.61
2541.32
5506.02
4.85
16.02
1.81
72.54
5629.50
6707.19
3.51
21.86
1.66
77.51
8191.70
8596.16
2.45
23.29
1.45
86.63
Table-B55. DISMOD Analysis of Lymphomas and multiple Myelomas Cancer Data (females)
Input Variables
143
Incident
rates
Age group /100,000
0.24
0-4
1.07
5-9
0.79
10-14
0.87
15-19
1.45
20-24
0.90
25-29
1.53
30-34
1.81
35-39
4.22
40-44
4.83
45-49
8.18
50-54
11.24
55-59
14.96
60-64
28.96
65-69
29.94
70-74
27.04
75-79
27.04
80+
Case fatality
rate/100,000
1820.00
Output Variables
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
rate/100,000 rates/100,000 rate/100,000
0.06
0.36
0.79
Remission
rate/100,000
0.00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
1410.53
Duration
(years)
20.87
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.01
RR mortality
Age of
(numbers) onset(years)
1.83
2.75
780.00
0.06
0.75
3.36
0.00
1222.13
18.28
0.04
7.02
7.73
1690.00
0.12
0.93
7.39
273.50
1477.26
14.68
0.11
12.71
12.48
5000.00
0.40
0.95
10.22
4579.33
2288.33
12.08
0.23
12.43
17.56
2820.00
0.30
1.04
10.13
8724.89
2819.46
13.44
0.29
11.64
22.50
2150.00
0.24
1.07
10.38
4743.73
3004.31
15.84
0.31
12.55
27.57
7230.00
0.92
1.45
12.57
2316.11
4496.18
16.85
0.57
17.14
32.63
3130.00
0.60
1.99
16.76
785.30
4052.33
17.25
0.68
14.55
37.66
2830.00
0.87
3.35
25.71
34.69
3336.82
15.77
0.86
9.73
42.72
4400.00
1.81
5.12
41.44
6.70
3352.66
13.60
1.39
7.31
47.62
2930.00
2.14
7.18
62.74
331.08
3345.77
11.15
2.10
4.81
52.65
3450.00
3.25
10.59
90.77
1234.20
3489.20
8.74
3.17
3.50
57.65
4000.00
5.08
15.58
124.60
2465.40
4263.25
6.52
5.31
2.76
62.68
7000.00
11.49
24.07
160.53
5027.71
6034.98
4.74
9.69
2.79
67.64
7320.00
14.29
28.50
169.82
11607.74
7236.61
3.55
12.28
2.43
72.51
7420.00
9.78
27.88
142.18
15517.31
7470.53
3.15
10.61
1.99
77.49
7420.00
9.78
27.11
131.68
13215.21
7437.49
2.60
9.79
1.54
87.01
Table-B56. Computation of YLL and DALY for Lymphomas and multiple myeloma Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000 Onset
Weight
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence)
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr. Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000
Male
0-4
2.6
17.0
0.3
1,098
5-14
10.4
12.8
0.2
4,685
15-29
22.2
11.3
0.2
30-44
38.3
12.6
0.4
1.9
2,663
3.9
2.2
5,728
6,464
4.3
4.8
2,345
10,679
2.5
11.5
45-59
5,220
10.0
52.9
9.9
0.3
13,936
16,879
4,873
15,344
26.7
9.3
29.4
60-69
6,117
30.0
65.0
6.7
0.4
10,011
14,958
7,275
14,884
49.1
35.7
73.0
70-79
3,402
40.0
74.3
4.4
0.5
4,275
7,661
3,608
13,058
50.3
42.4
153.5
971
40.0
86.6
2.5
0.6
638
1,526
1,598
4,120
26.3
65.8
169.7
15,710
3.2
64.3
7.0
0.4
28,861
41,024
31,210
67,212
5.9
6.4
13.8
6.6
80+
144
Total
Female
0-4
2.8
20.9
0.3
3,636
5-14
10.3
16.3
0.2
6,371
2,669
5.5
2.3
15-29
22.5
13.8
0.2
11,260
2,698
8.5
2.0
30-44
38.5
16.5
0.3
9,758
4,913
10.3
5.2
45-59
5,169
10.0
53.2
10.9
0.3
12,648
15,800
12,326
8,697
24.5
23.8
16.8
60-69
4,466
20.0
65.3
5.6
0.4
6,032
8,823
13,979
11,029
27.0
62.6
49.4
70-79
2,691
30.0
74.1
3.4
0.5
2,717
4,711
7,685
7,390
30.3
85.7
82.4
728
30.0
87.0
2.6
0.6
479
1,162
4,021
1,937
19.7
165.6
79.8
13,055
2.7
63.5
7.1
0.4
21,875
30,497
69,035
39,333
4.5
14.3
8.1
28,765
3.0
64.0
7.0
0.4
50,736
71,521
100,245
106,545
5.2
10.3
11.0
80+
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
Death rate
deaths
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
0-4
34
0.0
1,158
42
1,158
42
2.0
2.0
5-14
312
0.0
11,629
3,330
11,629
3,330
9.8
9.8
15-29
464
0.0
15,644
10,370
15,644
10,370
11.6
11.6
30-44
1,058
0.0
25,901
40,390
25,901
40,390
27.9
27.9
45-59
1,833
0.0
27,862
97,808
41,798
114,686
53.4
80.1
60-69
1,860
0.1
16,775
120,805
26,787
135,763
82.3
131.4
70-79
1,533
0.2
7,663
114,328
11,938
121,988
90.1
140.4
566
0.2
1,235
48,192
1,873
49,718
50.9
77.2
7,660
0.0
107,868
435,264
136,728
476,288
22.2
28.1
0-4
0.0
204
204
0.4
0.4
5-14
87
0.0
3,258
968
3,258
968
2.8
2.8
15-29
368
0.0
12,429
8,375
12,429
8,375
9.3
9.3
30-44
648
0.0
16,343
24,380
16,343
24,380
17.3
17.3
45-59
1,085
0.0
17,297
57,678
29,944
73,478
33.5
57.9
60-69
1,590
0.1
15,319
103,845
21,350
112,668
68.6
95.6
70-79
1,053
0.1
6,217
77,888
8,934
82,598
69.3
99.6
238
0.1
562
20,370
1,041
21,533
23.2
42.9
5,075
0.0
71,629
293,509
93,504
324,006
14.8
19.3
12,735
0.0
179,496
728,774
230,232
800,294
18.5
23.7
80+
145
Total
Female
80+
Total
Total persons
Table-B57. DISMOD Analysis for Skin & Melanoma Cancer Data (males)
146
Input Variables
Output Variables
Age
Incident
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
Mortality
RR mortality
Age of
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.06
0.14
0.00
0.00
40.29
0.00
1.00
2.37
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.36
0.00
0.00
37.27
0.00
1.00
7.45
5-9
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.62
0.00
0.00
31.99
0.00
1.00
13.02
10-14
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.20
1.38
0.00
0.00
27.56
0.00
1.00
17.63
15-19
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.23
2.47
0.00
0.00
22.93
0.00
1.00
22.50
20-24
0.21
0.00
0.00
0.25
3.54
1695.67
278.79
18.65
0.01
2.50
27.61
25-29
0.37
1590.00
0.06
0.38
4.12
6238.43
1149.99
18.32
0.05
4.63
32.70
30-34
0.62
3880.00
0.27
0.63
5.08
3420.22
1371.23
20.25
0.07
4.27
37.71
35-39
1.43
840.00
0.09
1.08
8.46
148.84
1188.94
18.34
0.10
3.12
42.71
40-44
1.38
2220.00
0.34
1.61
14.45
18.59
1522.56
15.02
0.22
2.97
47.62
45-49
3.37
2070.00
0.59
2.47
22.31
912.80
1996.08
12.05
0.45
2.55
52.72
50-54
4.42
1670.00
0.63
4.10
33.20
2980.59
1729.65
10.03
0.57
1.92
57.67
55-59
5.79
1020.00
0.50
5.81
47.70
3713.65
1324.21
8.56
0.63
1.41
62.63
60-64
8.18
1620.00
1.23
8.08
69.70
2167.90
1610.91
6.85
1.12
1.36
67.63
65-69
12.50
4670.00
4.17
11.16
95.02
5525.10
2435.06
4.89
2.31
1.35
72.62
70-74
14.55
2450.00
2.91
13.61
104.73
8888.92
2812.95
3.98
2.95
1.28
77.54
75-79
14.55
2450.00
2.91
14.48
116.27
8866.80
2507.18
2.77
2.92
1.13
86.65
80+
Table-B58. DISMOD Analysis of Skin & Melanoma Cancer Data (females)
Age
group
Input Variables
Incident
rates/100,00 Case fatality
Mortality
rate/100,000 rate/100,000
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
Output Variables
Incident
rates/100,000
0.00
Prevalence
rate/100,000
0.00
Remission
rate/100,000
0.00
Case fatality
rate/100,000
0.00
Duration
(years)
29.59
Mortality
rate/100,000
0.00
RR mortality
(numbers)
0.00
Age of
onset(years)
3.99
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.10
0.00
0.00
26.49
0.00
1.00
7.92
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.37
0.01
0.30
21.97
0.00
1.01
12.63
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.79
17.10
21.97
17.02
0.00
1.27
17.73
0.18
2860.00
0.06
0.17
1.45
783.42
802.92
12.67
0.01
4.83
22.61
0.18
2700.00
0.06
0.23
2.14
1842.11
1872.79
9.29
0.04
8.16
27.67
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.39
3.08
5818.56
695.17
5.83
0.02
4.47
32.75
0.78
0.00
0.00
0.70
3.07
28204.65
15.27
5.23
0.00
1.23
37.71
1.12
0.00
0.00
1.08
3.15
22677.12
77.40
12.21
0.00
1.46
42.66
1.66
2220.00
0.30
1.68
7.64
1748.48
1322.48
15.20
0.10
3.62
47.69
3.31
4440.00
1.17
2.64
16.63
1250.58
2216.17
12.60
0.37
3.54
52.67
4.00
750.00
0.25
3.84
28.14
3413.13
1130.86
10.64
0.32
1.93
57.63
5.08
600.00
0.28
5.25
42.75
3850.65
783.87
8.70
0.34
1.32
62.64
8.27
1680.00
0.92
7.54
59.03
6155.28
1300.93
7.20
0.77
1.39
67.64
10.21
1790.00
1.36
9.76
77.76
4428.40
1862.25
6.04
1.45
1.36
72.57
11.51
4000.00
3.45
11.02
100.34
6114.72
2645.80
4.33
2.66
1.34
77.53
11.51
4000.00
3.45
11.47
90.83
10947.73
3755.30
3.06
3.41
1.27
87.04
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
147
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80+
Table-B59. Computation of YLL and DALY for Melanoma & Skin Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000 Onset
Weight
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
Incidence
YLD
Curr. Prev.
PYLD[0,0]
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
(Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence) (Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000 per 100,000
Male
148
0-4
2.4
40.3
0.2
41
0.1
5-14
11.7
33.3
0.2
94
0.1
15-29
22.6
23.0
0.2
139
524
0.1
0.4
30-44
927
1.0
39.0
18.9
0.3
4,066
4,534
114
1,436
4.4
0.1
1.5
45-59
1,566
3.0
53.4
12.0
0.3
3,750
4,830
346
2,947
7.2
0.7
5.6
60-69
1,427
7.0
65.1
7.7
0.3
2,035
3,128
522
3,295
10.0
2.6
16.2
70-79
1,021
12.0
74.5
4.5
0.4
1,011
1,830
340
3,292
11.9
4.0
38.7
80+
340
14.0
86.7
2.8
0.6
219
529
139
1,581
9.0
5.7
65.1
Total
5,281
1.1
60.2
10.0
0.3
11,081
14,850
1,734
13,075
2.3
0.4
2.7
0-4
2.4
31.8
0.6
24
0.0
5-14
1,038
0.9
7.1
28.9
0.2
4,878
5,371
49
10,312
4.2
0.0
8.9
15-29
23.6
13.5
0.2
64
26,491
0.0
19.9
30-44
947
1.0
38.8
8.2
0.2
1,620
1,427
85
11,631
1.7
0.1
12.3
45-59
1,551
3.0
53.3
11.7
0.2
2,960
3,777
396
2,270
5.7
0.8
4.4
60-69
1,340
6.0
65.2
8.0
0.2
1,717
2,661
416
2,733
7.7
1.9
12.2
70-79
897
10.0
74.3
5.4
0.6
1,695
3,125
316
4,892
18.9
3.5
54.5
80+
267
11.0
87.0
3.1
0.7
233
574
140
1,551
9.6
5.8
63.9
6,039
1.2
50.3
12.0
0.3
13,104
16,936
1,490
59,880
2.7
0.3
12.4
11,320
1.2
55.0
11.1
0.3
24,185
31,786
3,224
72,955
2.5
0.3
7.5
Female
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
Death rate
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
deaths
per 1,000
0-4
5-14
15-29
0.0
124
30-44
65
0.0
45-59
201
60-69
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
110
124
110
0.1
0.1
1,587
2,488
5,653
7,021
1.7
6.1
0.0
3,079
10,683
6,829
15,513
5.9
13.1
170
0.0
1,510
11,090
3,545
14,218
7.4
17.4
70-79
215
0.0
1,080
16,018
2,092
17,848
12.7
24.6
80+
70
0.0
152
5,961
371
6,490
6.3
15.3
Total
725
0.0
7,534
46,349
18,615
61,199
1.5
3.8
0-4
0.0
247
18
247
18
0.5
0.5
5-14
40
0.0
1,496
385
6,374
5,756
1.3
5.5
15-29
59
0.0
1,977
1,378
1,977
1,378
1.5
1.5
30-44
0.0
215
280
1,835
1,707
0.2
1.9
45-59
143
0.0
2,292
7,578
5,252
11,355
4.4
10.2
60-69
114
0.0
1,082
7,480
2,799
10,141
4.8
12.5
70-79
165
0.0
921
12,348
2,616
15,473
10.3
29.2
80+
82
0.0
193
7,020
426
7,594
8.0
17.6
Total
618
0.0
8,423
36,486
21,527
53,422
1.7
4.5
Total persons
1,343
0.0
15,957
82,835
40,142
114,621
1.6
4.1
Male
Female
149
Table-B60. DISMOD Analysis of Corpus uteri Cancer Data
150
Input Variables
Output Variables
Age
Incident
Case fatality
Mortality
Incident
Prevalence
Mortality
RR mortality
Age of
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0-4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
3607.66
0.00
10.04
0.00
0.00
9.00
5-9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.13
17113.12
0.24
9.95
0.00
1.00
13.03
10-14
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.13
0.39
16653.02
22.66
16.62
0.00
1.30
17.59
15-19
0.12
4170.00
0.06
0.15
0.83
2356.51
914.74
20.98
0.01
5.30
22.61
20-24
0.24
2700.00
0.06
0.25
1.64
0.00
3071.47
18.73
0.05
13.19
27.76
25-29
0.46
7270.00
0.31
0.57
3.06
0.00
4616.97
17.55
0.14
17.50
32.89
30-34
1.56
2650.00
0.26
1.43
6.80
0.00
3886.58
16.57
0.26
13.93
37.83
35-39
2.98
3540.00
0.87
2.92
15.59
0.00
3205.93
14.58
0.50
9.34
42.76
40-44
6.33
2420.00
1.21
5.58
32.56
46.60
3110.25
12.00
1.01
6.83
47.74
45-49
10.91
2890.00
2.34
8.84
60.03
2137.42
2800.29
9.39
1.68
4.22
52.63
50-54
11.24
2160.00
2.00
12.36
86.09
6420.28
2399.21
7.72
2.07
2.76
57.66
55-59
20.32
2100.00
2.54
18.36
115.06
7372.31
2345.49
6.88
2.70
1.98
62.62
60-64
25.28
3120.00
4.60
20.88
154.33
5704.56
3029.83
5.81
4.68
1.90
67.49
65-69
17.69
6480.00
9.53
18.88
168.07
8533.63
4773.60
4.42
8.02
1.93
72.43
70-74
15.53
7280.00
8.63
16.34
135.35
10251.96
6527.95
3.94
8.83
1.86
77.46
75-79
15.53
7280.00
8.63
15.57
118.98
6233.11
7228.32
3.18
8.60
1.52
87.01
80+
Table-B61. Computation of YLL and DALY for Corpus uteri Cancer Data
YLD
Incidence
Incidence
per 100,000 Onset
Weight
YLD
YLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
Inc-based
Incidence
Curr. Prev.
Inc-based
PYLD[0,0]
YLD
PYLD[0,0]
PYLD[0,0]
(Incidence) (Incidence) (Prevalence) (Prevalence) per 100,000 per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
151
0-4
2.5
0.0
0.0
5-14
10.0
0.0
0.0
15-29
22.5
0.0
0.0
30-44
37.5
0.0
0.0
45-59
52.5
0.0
0.0
60-69
65.0
0.0
0.0
70-79
75.0
0.0
0.0
80+
85.0
0.0
0.0
Total
43.8
0.0
0.0
0-4
0.0
0.0
0.2
1,649
3.0
5-14
12.7
10.0
0.2
1,119
1.0
15-29
23.6
18.9
0.2
1,276
314
1.0
0.2
Female
30-44
1,893
2.0
39.8
15.6
0.3
7,836
8,262
7,415
2,114
8.3
7.8
2.2
45-59
4,135
8.0
53.3
9.4
0.3
9,360
11,302
13,351
8,390
18.1
25.8
16.2
60-69
4,243
19.0
64.8
6.4
0.3
5,740
8,462
9,861
9,116
25.7
44.2
40.8
70-79
1,615
18.0
73.9
4.3
0.5
2,134
3,772
3,669
7,686
23.8
40.9
85.7
388
16.0
87.0
3.2
0.9
448
1,105
1,080
2,584
18.4
44.5
106.5
12,274
2.5
59.0
8.5
0.3
25,517
32,902
39,420
30,203
5.3
8.2
6.2
12,274
1.3
59.0
8.5
0.3
25,517
32,902
39,420
30,203
2.6
4.1
3.1
80+
Total
Total
persons
YLL
Number of
Death rate
deaths
per 1,000
YLL
YLL[0,0]
DALY
DALY[0,0]
YLL
DALY
per 100,000
per 100,000
Male
152
0-4
5-14
15-29
30-44
45-59
60-69
70-79
80+
Total
0-4
0.0
11
11
0.0
0.0
5-14
15-29
24
0.0
761
645
761
645
0.6
0.6
30-44
267
0.0
6,503
10,418
14,338
18,679
6.9
15.1
45-59
786
0.0
12,617
41,625
21,977
52,927
24.4
42.5
60-69
785
0.0
7,587
51,218
13,327
59,679
34.0
59.7
70-79
743
0.1
4,314
55,153
6,448
58,924
48.1
71.9
80+
209
0.1
493
17,893
941
18,998
20.3
38.7
2,814
0.0
32,286
176,950
57,803
209,852
6.7
12.0
2,814
0.0
32,286
176,950
57,803
209,852
3.3
6.0
Female
Total
Total
persons
Meta-analysis of epidemiological studies in

Major Non-Communicable Diseases
Disease:Diabetes/coronary Heart Disease/Stroke/Cancer
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Assessment of Burden of NCD Assessment of Burden of NCDs Updated

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Dr. G.K.Rath Professor and Head, Department of Radiology, AIIMS, Delhi

Dr. K.S.Reddy, Professor and Head, Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, Delhi

Dr. Padam Singh, Ex-Addl DG, ICMR, Delhi

Dr. Nikhil Tandon, Addl Professor, Department of Endocrinology, AIIMS, Delhi

Dr. Cherian Verghese, NPO (SCN), WHO (WR) Office, INDIA

Dr. B.B.Yeole, Population Based Cancer Registry, Mumbai

Material and methods

Ischaemic Heart Disease

Tables on estimation of demographic/

DISMOD analysis of IHD data

DISMOD analysis of Stroke data

DISMOD analysis of Diabetes data

DISMOD analysis of Cancer data

Data Extraction forms

of oral cancers in India are directly related to tobacco

recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality.

With this scenario of the health situation, it is important

During the last two decades, while mortality due to

To assess the burden of selected NCDs.

Risk Assessment: To gather information on

The project report has been organized in three parts.

The increase in these diseases is expected to continue

variables. It combines the analytical solution

Burden of disease can be assessed through a

An important new feature of DISMOD II is to

Collection of baseline demographic data.

The data sources for disease specific mortality

Population projections and all cause

well designed studies carried out on adequate

(in longitudinal studies), risk factors, details of

The break up of research material reviewed and

National Workshop on B.O.D

National Workshop on B.O.D

Observations and results

heart disease (IHD) is the leading

cause of death in economically developed

The studies with comparable diagnostic criteria

Thus larger studies, which have smaller

The present study used the results of studies

The data are presented in tables 2 to 4. The

In addition, inputs were also provided on all

from the selected studies are given in table 5.

The estimates of YLD, YLL, and DALY are shown

Table 2. Meta Analysis of epidemiological studies on Ischemic Heart Disease

ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rate

ICMR study (1989-94) Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rate

ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rates

ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rates

ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rate

ICMR study (1989-94), Delhi

ICMR study (1989-94), Vellore

Weighted prevalence rate