Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) Into A Single Interface

RHEL: Linux Bond / Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) Into a Single Interface
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by LinuxTitli on April 3, 2006 96 comments Finally, today I had implemented NIC bounding (bind both NIC so that it works as a single device). Bonding is nothing but Linux kernel feature that allows to aggregate multiple like interfaces (such as eth0, eth1) into a single virtual link such as bond0. The idea is pretty simple get higher data rates and as well as link failover. The following instructions were tested on: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. RHEL v4 / 5 / 6 amd64 CentOS v5 / 6 amd64 Fedora Linux 13 amd64 and up. 2 x PCI-e Gigabit Ethernet NICs with Jumbo Frames (MTU 9000) Hardware RAID-10 w/ SAS 15k enterprise grade hard disks. Gigabit switch with Jumbo Frame
This server act as an heavy duty ftp, and nfs file server. Each, night a perl script will transfer lots of data from this box to a backup server. Therefore, the network would be setup on a switch using dual network cards. I am using Red Hat enterprise Linux version 4.0. But, the inductions should work on RHEL 5 and 6 too.
Linux allows binding of multiple network interfaces into a single channel/NIC using special kernel module called bonding. According to official bonding documentation:
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The Linux bonding driver provides a method for aggregating multiple network interfaces into a single logical "bonded" interface. The behavior of the bonded interfaces depends upon the mode; generally speaking, modes provide either hot standby or load balancing services. Additionally, link integrity monitoring may be performed.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (and its clone such as CentOS) stores network configuration in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory. First, you need to create a bond0 config file as follows:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
Append the following linest:

DEVICE=bond0 IPADDR=192.168.1.20 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 USERCTL=no BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes
You need to replace IP address with your actual setup. Save and close the file.
Open both configuration using a text editor such as vi/vim, and make sure file read as follows for eth0 interface
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Modify/append directive as follows:

DEVICE=eth0 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none
Open eth1 configuration file using vi text editor, enter:

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
Make sure file read as follows for eth1 interface:
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DEVICE=eth1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none
Save and close the file.
Make sure bonding module is loaded when the channel-bonding interface (bond0) is brought up. You need to modify kernel modules configuration file:# vi /etc/modprobe.conf Append following two lines:alias bond0 bonding
options bond0 mode=balance-alb miimon=100
Save file and exit to shell prompt. You can learn more about all bounding options by clicking here).
Step # 4: Test configuration

First, load the bonding module, enter:
# modprobe bonding
Restart the networking service in order to bring up bond0 interface, enter:

# service network restart
Make sure everything is working. Type the following cat command to query the current status of Linux kernel bounding driver, enter:
# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Sample outputs:
Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 200 Down Delay (ms): 200 Slave Interface: eth0 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:c6:be:59 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Link Failure Count: 0
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Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:c6:be:63
To kist all network interfaces, enter:

# ifconfig
Sample outputs:
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C6:BE:59 inet addr:192.168.1.20 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2804 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1879 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:250825 (244.9 KiB) TX bytes:244683 (238.9 KiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C6:BE:59 inet addr:192.168.1.20 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fec6:be59/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2809 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1390 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:251161 (245.2 KiB) TX bytes:180289 (176.0 KiB) Interrupt:11 Base address:0x1400 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C6:BE:59 inet addr:192.168.1.20 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fec6:be59/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:502 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:258 (258.0 b) TX bytes:66516 (64.9 KiB) Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1480
Read the official bounding howto which covers the following additional topics: VLAN Configuration Cisco switch related configuration Advanced routing and troubleshooting This blog post is 1 of 2 in the "Linux NIC Interface Bonding (aggregate multiple links) Tutorial" series. Keep reading the rest of the series:
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Table of Contents: 1. Red Hat (RHEL/CentOS) Linux Bond or Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) into a Single Interface 2. Debian / Ubuntu Linux Configure Bonding [ Teaming / Aggregating NIC ]
Share this with other sys admins! Download it - Email it - Facebook it - Google+ it - Print it - Tweet it We're here to help you make the most of sysadmin work. So, subscribe! { 96 comments read them below or add one } 1 Anonymous June 6, 2006 Many thanks for quick instructions. It worked like a charm. Just one more hint: Enable spanning tree for switches. I had noticed the network speed reduction when spanning tree was not enabled. Just my two 2 cents Reply 2 Anonymous September 5, 2006 Thanks for the quick help!! bonding r0x!! Just make sure that eth0 and eth1 are up when you put up the bond0. And be careful if youre doing this over a remote ssh. *thumbs up* Reply 3 mattcosa November 30, 2006 Did you notice that your /proc/net/bonding/bond0 was reporting incorrect settings based on your mode and other settings? Im having the same problem.
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Reply 4 zen January 30, 2007 hmm. did anyone experience what i did? when i do a ifdown eth0, the ping timed out. it doesnt seem to be bonding well. Reply 5 Gaurav February 14, 2007 What will be the behaviour if eth0 and eth1 interfaces does not have IP addresses and they share the IP address of bond0 in a failover scenario. Will there be any entey for eth0 and eth1 in /proc/net/route???? - gaurav Reply 6 H8injected March 15, 2007 bond0 config file needed another line in my configuration: GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 Reply 7 seno April 15, 2007 Can you bond more than 2 nics? e.g 4 NICs? Reply 8 Seno April 15, 2007 Reason why I ask is because I want a big fat trunk of say 4x1Gig Nics and then run many virtulized O/S that runs its connection virtually though bond0. Reply
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9 nixcraft April 15, 2007 Seno, How many bonding devices can I have? There is no limit. How many slaves can a bonding device have? OR Can you bond more than 2 nics? This is limited only by the number of network interfaces (NIC) Linux supports and/or the number of network cards you can place in your system. HTH Reply 10 Please May 10, 2007 HI i have 2 uplink and 1 internal link.i want to use 2 uplink at the same time.i installed core 5. so how can i do? my information etho ip-10.241.215.163 nesk-255.255.255.240 GW-10.241.215.161 eth2 ip-10.255.8.104 nesk-255.255.255.252.0 GW-10.255.8.1 eth1 ip-192.168.1.1 nesk-255.255.255.0 Thanks
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Please Reply 11 Andres June 4, 2007 Thanks! It works very well Just add this : GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 (replace with your gateway) To the bond config file thanks! Reply 12 Rizwan August 29, 2007 I have 4 DSL modems connected with 4 different ISPs my scenario is a) My FC-2 machine with LAN IP=192.168.10.1 and Bond0 IP=192.168.1.1 b) Modem-A LAN IP= 192.168.1.2 , ext IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx c) Modem-B LAN IP=192.168.1.3, ext IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx d) Modem-C LAN IP=192.168.1.4, ext IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx e) Modem-D LAN IP=192.168.1.5, ext IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Modem-A, B, C, and D LAN connected with my FC-2 machine, and all 4 interfaces of my machine are in Bond0, Now please help me what default Gateway I should set in my FC-2 machine?>??? or I have to set 4 gateways in my machine?? and will this configuration works?? my scenario will also listed in my home page, please visit Linux section for better understanding. Thanks in advance. Rizwan. Karachi, Pakistan. homepage: http://freewaresolutions.150m.com Reply
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13 David Kittell September 21, 2007 Great tutorial however on FC7 and likely other distributions you have to manually assign an IP to the bond0. Not at all a big deal though Great work. Reply 14 David Kittell September 21, 2007 What I mean by that is that after reboot on FC7 it appears you have to reassign the bond0 causing you to do the vi /etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfg-bond0 part again and yes I did :wq! :-) May just be an issue with my build. Again great work Reply 15 shyam December 4, 2007 I am using this configuration on centos 5.0 and when i do service network restart i am getting warning hardware address conflicts with eth0 change hardware address. Please suggest me on the same. Thanks in advance Shyam Reply 16 nisha December 19, 2007 Perfect guide! My NIC bond went without a single hitch! Thanks and keep the guides coming ;-) Reply 17 Kyle February 5, 2008
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I did this and it worked on my FC4 machine, but it doesnt show eth1 in the ifconfig. I am not sure if it is bonded or not. Can you help me with this problem? Reply 18 naim February 26, 2008 I did this with FC8, Im newbie and i am confused that how can i bond two dsl modem together is this the way or this is some thing else? or this is only bonding two nic for heavy traffic/load balancing in LAN? Reply 19 p March 31, 2008 This is only for bonding two nics onto the same network, to provide resilience or extra throughput. Its no use if you want to balance across multiple networks. Reply 20 krishna April 27, 2008 how to enable MII Status for eth0. Although i have done all the above steps, but its creating problem. /proc/net/bonding/bond0, snippet : Slave Interface: eth0 MII Status: down Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:1b:a0:26:cb:78 Reply 21 E71 May 23, 2008 Does anyone know if /proc/net/bonding/bond0 will display MII status: up ONLY when your NICs fully support Link Aggregation? Its showing as UP for everything and ifconfig produces something similar to whats shown in this article except the NICs (eth2,eth3) dont show an inet value Is that normal?
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Reply 22 Andy July 24, 2008 Great tut but will bonding work with dynamic IPs as I do not have static IPs from my ISP Reply 23 yandy August 6, 2008 Great guide..managed to configure almost everything but after reboot of server, only managed to see bond0 in up status. I need to execute the network script (service network start) again in order to have eth0 in up status. Kindly advise how can this be resolve??? Thank you. Reply 24 Mandar August 13, 2008 Very nice explanation! Reply 25 Mike Baysek September 2, 2008 If you are considering teaming NICs, remember the limitations of the bus itself. For example, if you think putting 4 Gigabit cards in your PCI bus will get you more speed, you are sadly mistaken! PCI bus is limited to maximum of around 133 MB/s. Putting two gigabit NICs on PCI will be a waste of time. Better to have at least PCI-X, or even better, PCI-e before you think about teaming your adapters. Remember too, that even on-board NICs usually share the PCI bus with the PCI slots. So adding a gig card to a machine with an onboard gig adapter would also usually be a waste of time unless your bus was, again, PCI-X or better. Reply 26 Hassan Tariq September 24, 2008 I exactly need the same kind of solution in Windows 2003 Server.Please help me out on this! Reply
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27 mike October 7, 2008 Does anyone know how to trunc two bonding Interfaces to a single one with active-passive mode? Reply 28 tecnimxv October 21, 2008 I would like to ask if it is possible to bond ethernet connection with a wireless one? Reply 29 gael November 6, 2008 My OS: xen-dom0 on centos5 I am setting up bonding at the moment and I was wondering why we need: ONBOOT=yes I tried with ONBOOT=no and my bond interface is brought up at startup with both slaves As far as I understand bonding, it seems that when the bonding interface is starting up, it brings up the required slave interfaces. Please correct me if I am wrong :-) And if you can explain why it would be excellent! Cheers Gael Reply 30 Tri Aji Wibowo October 5, 2011 Hi Gael, I think you must be hash your config MASTER=bond0. Try this: DEVICE=eth(x)
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USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes #MASTER=bond(x) SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none -TAReply 31 USMAN December 4, 2008 i m new with linux.i m using redhat linux 9.0 with squid proxy server for my netcafe.i have two broadband conections.the setting of external interfaces(broadeband) are following 1) 192.168.0.1 ip 255.255.255.0 mask 192.168.0.1 gateay 2) 192.168.1.1 ip 255.255.255.0 mask 192.168.1.1 gateway my internal nic ip is 10.0.0.1 which is for out put.plz send me the bond setting with these ips.i will be very thankfull to you. Reply 32 AB June 19, 2010 Hi There, I have the same situation, did you get bonding working for your network. Please share the information, would be great. Thanks AB Reply 33 vijay January 29, 2009 i want to install inbuilt squid proxy in fedora server 9 pls guide me step by step configuration
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i am using tata broadband with regards vijay Reply 34 LinuxStudent February 10, 2009 Hey Man, Solid info provided with minimum efforts.. Reply 35 nima February 21, 2009 Hi I have 2 links (5Mb and 2Mb) from 2 ISP, Does this solution give traffic load balancing possibility as if I have 7Mb bandwidth ? thanks for your any help Reply 36 Linux-student February 24, 2009 i m using linux fedora 9.0 with squid proxy server for my internet cafe. I have two broadband connections. The setting of external interfaces(broadband) are following 1) Bandwidth 2 Mb uplink 10.254.55.16 ip 255.255.252.0 mask 10.254.55.1 gateay 2)Bandwidth 3 Mb uplink 10.254.22.45 ip 255.255.252.0 mask 192.168.22.1 gateway
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3) LAN IP 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 What I need to get traffic load balancing. Could you Please advice me. thank in advance KA Reply 37 TJ March 1, 2009 Hi, How do I connect the slave interface eth0, eth1 to the LAN switch, both interfaces need to connect or just only one ? If both eth0 and eth1 are connected, does the LAN switch select one higher priority than other ? Thanks TJ Reply 38 Elena March 3, 2009 Hi I have a bond created. But if I bring both interfaces down, and then back up, they are not making link up; they appear as down.. They will only come up if I bring up the whole bond. Where can be the problem? Reply 39 kawaii avon April 3, 2009 how come that u set the mode in balance-alb yet when you type ifconfig, the configuration shows round robin mode..?
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Reply 40 shay May 6, 2009 options bond0 mode=balance-alb miimon=100 should be options bonding mode=balance-alb miimon=100 Reply 41 Dima May 12, 2009 Thanks for great article! ;) Reply 42 Eldo May 14, 2009 Hi, I try to configure bond interface in VMWARE with 4 ethernet cards, I follow the steps mentioned above. The problem is only bond interface have ip, there is no ip for eth0,eth1,eth2,eth3. I tried this in RHEL 5.1 Reply 43 Mike Roberts May 20, 2009 I am currently having issues with bonding on a RHEL 5 machine. I have the bonding setup correctly and when I run the ifconfig command it looks to be up, however when I attempt to ping this machine from another computer I get no response. However, if I start a ping from the RHEL 5 comptuer and then attempt to ping from another computer it responds. Any insight would be greatly appreciated. FYI, I am using active-backup mode. Reply 44 James J August 31, 2010 Did you ever find the fix for this? Im having the same issue.
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Reply 45 Jarvis Semien June 3, 2011 Please let me know if you guys found a fix for this. Thanks in advance Reply 46 loptos June 24, 2009 Is there any command, which would swith the active interface in the bond? Example: bond0 consists of eth0 and eth1 now eth1 is active enter command now eth0 is active Also Im searching for command, which would check, which interface in bond is active. (Suse linux) Thanks, Peter Reply 47 simon August 5, 2009 Been searching for the answer to loptos above and thought Id leave it here. To find which interface is active have a look in /proc/net/bonding/bond0 (mentioned earlier). To change which is active have a look at the ifenslave command and try something like this: ifenslave -c bond0 eth1 Reply 48 fabrice August 21, 2009 In my case I wasnt able to start a second bonding interface on a RHEL4. bond0 : eth2 and eth3 bond1 : eth4 and eth5
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Error message was : Bringing up interface bond1: bonding device bond1 does not seem to be present, delaying initialization. after 2 days of google and test i found a working configuration. My problem was in the modprobe.conf configuration file. Here are the bonding configuration in the modprobe.conf working for me : # allow 2 bounding interfaces options bonding max_bonds=2 # bond0 install bond0 /sbin/modprobe -a eth2 eth3 && /sbin/modprobe bonding alias bond0 bonding options bond0 mode=x,miimon=100,primary=eth2,etc. # bond1 install bond1 /sbin/modprobe -a eth4 eth5 && /sbin/modprobe bonding alias bond1 bonding options bond1 mode=x,miimon=100,primary=eth4,etc. Hop it will help someone. Fabrice Reply 49 EllisGL June 22, 2011 Thanks. That did the trick. I had issues with it half working and this totally fixed my issues. Reply 50 Deiveegan August 27, 2009 Hello sir, here we are using 3 squid (proxy )in Redhat 4 and sharing internet for 1) for wifi 2) for Lan and 3) for staff if one squid dead that people are suffering ..if there is any load balancing server for squid ..how share there load if one squid dead
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Thanking you Deiveegan.S SASTRA University Thanjavur-Tamilnadu-India Reply 51 satya September 28, 2009 Thanks a lot fabrice, we are also facing exactly the same proble(multiple bonding in rhel 4.7). Let me try with the solution provided by you,and will update the comments. Cheers, satya Reply 52 jacopo January 12, 2010 Leave a comment Well, this is more a question because I try to understand how to place my actual IP address when I am using a clients TOR network Reply 53 ap January 25, 2010 Hello, I have few question last week I playing with bonding. At work I making file server, this is ubuntu server box with 2 nics also we have windows 7 clients with 2 nic as well & finally cisco switch 4500. Becourse we work with huge files, network speed is our main headache, so I try to aggregate network interface. I done it, but speed stay the same. I can utilize only 1 Gb connection (110 Mb /sec), but I want more! Trying different conf, result the same. Even I make connection between win boxes without 802.3 ab cant have more than 110 Mb/sec. Now I think may be it is cisco misconfiguration? Please tell me if some one got multiply speed bandwidth ?
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Reply 54 GMB October 7, 2010 @ap LACP / 802.3ad only allows two end-points to max-out a single channel. Having 2x 1Gbps ports does not give you 2Gbps, but two 1Gbps devices can individually consume one each. LACP is also better placed for fail-over; pull a lead and communication continues. It does allow you to add many different speed lines too, so 2x 1Gpbs and 4x 100Mbps into one pool. Also, are you sure youre diferrentiating the difference between 1Gbps (1000Mbps) and 110MBps note the lower / upper B for bits and Bytes. Therefore 110MB/s is around 880Mbps, or close to 1Gbps. Reply 55 GMB October 7, 2010 Just a thought as well PCI Gigabit cards are limited to the bus speed of the host system and never quite give full Gigabit speeds. Better to get PCI-Express based NICs. If it helps, heres my Cisco C4507 configuration: interface Port-channel11 description Proxy LACP 802.3ad switchport switchport access vlan 50 end interface GigabitEthernet7/31 description proxy 1-2 switchport access vlan 50 channel-protocol lacp channel-group 11 mode active end interface GigabitEthernet7/32 description proxy 2-2 switchport access vlan 50
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channel-protocol lacp channel-group 11 mode active end With Ubuntu configuration set with Bonding using mode=4 (for 802.3ad LACP) https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LinkAggregation#mode=4%20%28802.3ad%29 Reply 56 Novajoseph March 5, 2010 Hi Seno, u metioned above limited only by the number of network interfaces (NIC) Linux supports and/or the number of network cards you can place in your system I have dought . . How many nw interface Redhat linux support and can bonding two bonding (bond0 ,bond1) i have 4 * 1 Gb in one PCI Xpress .How can i bond it.. Reply 57 Novajoseph March 5, 2010 Hi nixcraft , u metioned above limited only by the number of network interfaces (NIC) Linux supports and/or the number of network cards you can place in your system I have dought . . How many nw interface Redhat linux support and can bonding two bonding (bond0 ,bond1) i have 4 * 1 Gb in one PCI Xpress .How can i bond it.. Reply 58 Tarik March 23, 2010 Mike Baysek said: If you are considering teaming NICs, remember the limitations of the bus itself. For example, if you think putting 4
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Gigabit cards in your PCI bus will get you more speed, you are sadly mistaken! PCI bus is limited to maximum of around 133 MB/s. Putting two gigabit NICs on PCI will be a waste of time. Better to have at least PCI-X, or even better, PCI-e before you think about teaming your adapters. As per Wikipedia article on conventional PCI, the capacity of the PCI bus is 133 MB/s (32-bit at 33 MHz), 266 MB/s (32-bit at 66 MHz or 64-bit at 33 MHz) and 533 MB/s (64-bit at 66 MHz). Accordingly, PCI 32-bit at 66 MHZ or 64-bit at 33 MHz would only be saturated with 3 NICs. 64-bit at 66 MHz would take 7 NICs to be completely saturated. Reply 59 Xarses March 30, 2010 An additional note is that while there are certain bus limitations as Tarik noted there are constraints of the bonding algorithm. Most notably is that in most configurations such as those mentioned here the maximum speed of a single connection is determined by the speed of the individual interface in the bonded group. In an example of 2 x 1Gbit adapters the maximum throughput for a single connection is 1Gbit/s. As I understand the limitation is that the Ethernet frames for any given conversation will not be moved to another interface unless that interface is down. The intent of this design is to prevent out of order frames which would ruin your day create performance issues on the end point that would make the extra performance moot. Not to mention that most security software and network devices would drop excessive amounts of this kind of traffic all together. If you want to use the full capability of the two links in our example you would have to devise a method to transfer the content using 2 or more conversations. IE cut the data into two groups and re-assemble it on the other side. Otherwise you would be better off using 10Gbit or other higher performance interfaces. Reply 60 ashis Sharma April 2, 2010 Really, very helpfull, Thanks Reply 61 Frank May 7, 2010 How can we install mrtg to monitor the traffic comming on bond0 Reply 62 Hammad July 13, 2010
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do i have to moidfy the networrk marsk too along with my ip address?? Reply 63 nick July 16, 2010 Thanks nixcraft, always nice article, just need to add GATEWAY in bond0 file and voila!! Reply 64 Garfield August 4, 2010 I wonder to konw whether it support mutiple interface bond in IPv6? Can we receive a flow with multiple interfaces? Reply 65 George September 14, 2010 Great article thanks for the info. BTW you may want to check your banner advertisers My antivirus (nod32) is blocking some javascript content from your website as being malicious. Reply 66 vinoth September 18, 2010 Thanks for your quick comment about network bonding you did such a nice job keep it. Reply 67 Rahul October 15, 2010 Hi All, this bonding automatically remove after the server shutdown or reboot kindly check the same and let us know
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Reply 68 GMB October 16, 2010 @Rahul If youre bashing in commands and getting it working, then yes that remains in state so long as the OS is running. You need to edit your config files to make the bonding persistent through reboots. The link I posted above was for Ubuntu, but there should be a guide for your OS of choice. Reply 69 tony November 1, 2010 ifconfig does not show the inet addr for both interfaces eth0 & eth2 like the example given although bond0 looks good. Am I missing something ? Reply 70 GMB November 9, 2010 @tony I guess it depends on the mode youre using. The example given is using mode 6 balance-alb which can be used with basic switches. This therefore uses identical IPs and one active / one slave type mode. Using mode 4 802.3ad would require an intelligent switch such as a Cisco and the switch configured for 802.3ad LACP mode also. This is an active / active mode and I guess (as I cannot remote into our server at work to check right now) will only give an IP on the bond interface since the other links are bonded in a truer sense. Reply 71 sabry January 4, 2011 hello, if let say i already bound this eth0 and eth1, and later maybe want it to be unbound again, so how can i do that? thanks
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Reply 72 Rael January 20, 2011 I made a bond on OpenSuse 11.3 through the GUI. You just jump to the Network settings, and click on ADD. Choose Bond. Then add to the bond the existing Nic-s as many, as you have! I even added a fiber controller. Make sure the network adapters to be added dont have any IP assigned, and also, in the Global options choose Never wake up! Then theyll appear in the list of slave devices. Cool, right! :) Reply 73 paco sanchez January 31, 2011 I am surprised nobody has mentioned testing this bond I have the bond setup as described, however if i run ifconfig eth0 down, all of a sudden the link is not pingable, even though /proc/net/bonding/bond0 shows that it is up with eth1 Another thought, does it seem a little odd that all the MAC addresses are the same? Reply 74 GMB February 1, 2011 @paco sanchez It would be my guess that the switch-side isnt setup correctly if eth1 isnt activating on fail-over (by you downing eth0 manually in this case). A real test would be to disconnect an Ethernet lead physically since that or a failed NIC / switch interface is more likely to cause the bond to continue communications over the remaining active links. The MAC addresses become the same because that is how networks operate at the near-physical level. All NICs in a bond respond to requests to that address, though it is usually down to the switch to control the distribution of requests if it is an intellegent unit (Cisco et al) in which case it too will be configured for bonding using LACP or similar (and therefore offer round-robin / load-balancing type methods across the bonded links). Reply 75 paco sanchez February 1, 2011 Thanks GMB for your prompt reply. It makes sense what you are saying. In my setup, I have a VM running in VirtualBox with
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two vnics. I am not sure what the switch architecture is like for vbox but what I am looking for is adapter level redundancy. I know in the windows world, the bond takes on a virtual MAC which it uses on the network so as to avoid conflicts. If one adapter is downed, the other takes over at the physical layer using this spoofed MAC. I am looking for the same functionality in a Linux box, is this possible to acheive irrespective of my switch? Reply 76 GMB February 5, 2011 @paco sanchez I might not of understood correctly, but are you trying to bond NICs within the guest VM? This would be pointless since virtual NICs are bridged to a single physical NIC. I only use VirtualBox at home so I dont use it in any fault-tolerant way, but at work I use XenServer that can bond physical NICs and link them to the guest VM as a (single) virtual NIC. The guest VM doesnt need to manage fault tolerance since it will always have communication via the hosts fault tolerance. For the mode setting you could try the active / backup mode, which doesnt give you load balancing but does work with most basic layer 2 switches. If one link fails the other one simply takes over making it fault tolerant, but only one link can be utilised for bandwidth at any time. Interestingly, the MAC address is taken from the first network card in the bond unless explicitly set to something else during the configuration. Thats how you end up with one cards MAC address spoofing for all of them. Reply 77 paco sanchez February 6, 2011 GMB, you are correct, it is pointless inside a VM unless you are using it to learn. I am self-learning Linux (and loving every minute of it I might add) and just cannot afford to buy a bunch of physical dual-homed machines to try all this neat stuff out on. In theory, any VM (whether in virtualbox or another hypervisor) which is presented with multiple VNics ought to behave nearly similarly to a physical machine with two nics, am I incorrect in assuming this? I have verified that this works for Windows VMs using teaming, I am simply trying to replicate this behavior in Linux. I have some update though. Reply 78 GMB February 6, 2011
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@paco sanchez Hello Paco, Im understanding now. That should certainly work between guest VMs, being the virtual NIC driver doesnt really go out to the physical NIC if the data remains within the host (so one guest doesnt communicate to the switch and back in to the other guest, so to speak). However, Im not sure if the virtual switching would be LACP / 802.3ad aware or compatible, so you may well still be limited to active / backup mode. Keep persevering in Linux though, the tide is changing and Microsoft isnt the mainstay in the back office it once was. Ive deployed Ubuntu and FreeBSD servers at my work for services such as MRTG and help desk system. Ive been playing with both for over 15 years and Im still learning! Reply 79 George February 9, 2011 same problem 2 NICs, mode=1, 2 switches Reply 80 William B. Peckham February 26, 2011 nice! Thank you for presenting this. With gig NIC speed should not really be the issue. Load balancing helps, if the load justifies, but it is the failover capability that presents the real value. Reply 81 Arjun Kapoor April 25, 2011 nice tutorial please tell me how do i share this bonds internet connection on the whole network via 3rd nic which will connect to the switch. Reply
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82 Arjun Kapoor April 25, 2011 also please tell that if my 2 nics ip is dynamic the will it work.. please justify the bonds ip address (is it the static ip for the network ?). thank you Reply 83 Tarun May 4, 2011 Thanks dear. Good document Reply 84 Bret June 9, 2011 Hi Nixcraft, I have got one linux server (CentOS 5 installed) with two NIC interface (eth0 & eth1) on it. I want to configure server so that - Only http and ssh traffic goes to/from eth0 interface (with IP-filtering) and - Only https (external access) via eth1 interface. No other traffic allow on eth1 interface. Is this possible to configure? Thanks in advance, Bret Reply 85 Vivek Gite June 9, 2011 eth1 202.54.1.1 bound https port to this ip eth0 202.54.1.5 bound ssh and http port to this ip Use plain old good IPtables to deny everything on eth1 interface except port 443 (https). Same goes for eth0 interface, block everything except port 80 (http), 22 (ssh) and other required port. Reply
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86 William Peckham June 9, 2011 BRET Interesting question, but WAY off topic. That has nothing to do with port binding. Reply 87 Ethan Case July 5, 2011 LinuxTitli: Thank you for this!! You made it super easy! (or maybe Im finally learning linux) To Bret, and others wanting to do Protocol Binding: Im pretty sure there is a method to do this in Linux, but you can also do this using a hardware-firewall. I use a Netgear SRX5308 its a quad-WAN/LAN firewall. I have multiple static ips from different isps using Protocol Binding on the firewall/router, I can set specific traffic to pass through certain WAN ips. Reply 88 kumar July 6, 2011 Hi I am facing some sort of a peculiar issue. As per the step 1,2,3 i have done the bonding. Issue here is when i remove the eth1 physical port., the pinging will continue, but if i remove eth0 after eth1 is fixed backGONE.. my network ping shows REQUEST TIME OUT. if i fix back the n/w cable no way still RTO. Below is the h/w details for better understanding. BL 460c G7, embedded 553i emulex 10G nic, connected to 1GB Ethernet Pass Thru, RHEL 5.6 x64.. Can anybody share your inputs to resolve this issue at the earliest Thanks Vijay Reply 89 kumar July 6, 2011 Hi All Another point to be added Both the nics are connected to single Cisco 4500 switch and the round robin was also changed to fault tolerant (active-standby). Request your help Reg Kumar
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Reply 90 Mostafa July 8, 2011 I have a PC and DSL connection. It`s OS is OpenSuse and router is from DLink. My PC can connect to Internet throw DSL and it is possible to ping it (it has static IP) but it is not possible to access SSH server from it. It has 2 network interface, eth0 and dsl0. eth0 make a connection to the DLink router and dsl0 (which tack static ip) connect to the internet. I need to access My PC from internet but it is not possible. Is it possible to solve my problem with bounded interfaces? I`m new in linux, please help me. Thanks. Reply 91 William Peckham July 10, 2011 Mostafa: That is a router issue, you need to configure your router to pass outside traffic on port 22 ( and any other service ports you want to use for access from outside) to your server. It has nothing (IMOHO) to do with port bonding. Reply 92 Nick July 22, 2011 Is it possible to apply this technique to a couple of USB data modems but use it to stream to another box does the data stream have to be re-combined at the other end somehow to retain sync? Im trying to make a location video streaming solution. Thanks Reply 93 Vivek M Garg August 9, 2011 Configuration was simple & worked perfectly well. Got High throughput (HT) as well as High availability (HA) with the bond. However after a reboot did not get HT or HA. ifconfig is showing only bond0 & eth0. eth1 is not visible in ifconfig. However its visible in ifconfig -a. cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0 is also showing only bond0 & eth0.
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What to do to sustain the bond after a reboot ? Please help ! Reply 94 Kevin Pham September 6, 2011 Thanks for the great doc! May I add a note please When the modprobe bonding command is issued, it may unload and reload the network modules and youll loose connection to the remote server and you may not be able to issue the next command. To make sure things work without loosing connection to the server, we can put both commands together in the same line # modprobe bonding; /sbin/service network restart Kevin Reply 95 Arno September 10, 2011 I see that is posible to bound more than 2 NIC`s with eachother, but my questions as following. I have TP-Link TL-SG1016 (http://www.tp-link.com/uk/products/details/?categoryid=1588&model=TL-SG1016) and my mainboard is an Asus P5Q Premium that has 4 NIC`s onboard. i use it as a server with raid 5. I ask you, does the switch need also the trunk option to bound your NIC`s? Reply 96 RK_RAJ October 24, 2011 Hi friends, By following this howto, I configured load balancing method of bonding with my 2 NICS in CentOS 5.5 X64 it works well without a single hitch, thanks for your tutorial Reply Leave a Comment Name *
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Tagged as: /proc/net/bonding/bond0, cat command, config files, configuration file, driver linux, enterprise linux, fedora linux, heavy duty, how to create a bond in linux, ifconfig bond, kernel feature, kernel module, linest, Linux bond, linux bonded interfaces, Linux bonding, Linux nic teaming, load balancing services, network cards, network interfaces, network scripts, NIC bonding linux, red hat enterprise, single channel, single device, virtual link
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Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) Into A Single Interface

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Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) Into A Single Interface

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RHEL: Linux Bond / Team Multiple Network Interfaces (NIC) Into a Single Interface

Append the following linest:

Modify/append directive as follows:

Open eth1 configuration file using vi text editor, enter:

Make sure file read as follows for eth1 interface:

DEVICE=eth1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none

Save and close the file.

Step # 4: Test configuration

Restart the networking service in order to bring up bond0 interface, enter:

Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:c6:be:63

To kist all network interfaces, enter:

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