ulsease CA MC1 MG1]1k

kLVLN1ICN
ulphLherla Diagnostic test:
Nose/throat swab
Moloney`s test
a test
Ior hypersensitivity
todiphtheria toxin
$.hi.`s test
determines
susceptibility
to bacteria
rug-of-Choi.e:
Erythromycin 20,000 -
100,000 units IM
once only
Compli.ation:

MYOCAR%$
(Encourage
bedrest)Plan nursing
care to improve
respiration


!ertussis
hooping
coughTusperina No
day cough

Diagnostic:
ordet-gengou
agar test
Management:
1.DOC:Erythromycinor
Penicillin 20,000 -
100,000 units
2.Complet e bed
rest
3. Avoid pollut ant s
4.Abdominal binder to
prevent abdominal
hernia


1etanus No speciIic test, only a
history oI punctured
woundTreatment:
Antitoxinantitetanus
serum (A%$tetanus
immunoglobulin (%
(iI the patient

hasallergy, should be
administered in
Iractional doses)
!en iazepam -
Ior muscle
spasms Note: The
nurse can give Iluid
provided that
the patient is able to
swallow. There is risk
oI aspiration.Check
Iirst Ior the gag reIlex



!oliomyelitis
Other name:
InIantile
paralysis

Leglo
deblllLans
ollo vlrus
LnLerovlru
s ALLacks
Lhe
anLerlor
horn of
Lhe
neuron
moLor ls
affecLed
Man ls Lhe
only
reservolr
Fecal
oral route
n.ubatio
n period:
21 days

Diagnostic test:
C$ analysis / lumbar
tap
!andy`s test
Management:
Rehabilitation
involves ROM exer.ises

Cv vacclnaLlon
lrequenL hand
washlng
Measles no speclflc dlagnosLlc LesL
ManagemenL SupporLlve and
sympLomaLlc Lx
Measles
vacclneulslnfecLlon
of
solledarLlcleslsolaLlo
n of cased
fromdlagnosls unLll
abouL 37days afLer
onseL of rash
Cholera
Other names:
El tor

vlbrlo
cholera
vlbrlo coma
Cgawa
and lnaba
Fecal-oral
route5 Fs
n.ubatio
n !eriod:
Few hours to
iagnosti. %est:
Stool culture
%reatment:
Oral rehydration
solution (ORESOL)IVFDru
roper
handwashlng roper
food and
waLer sanlLaLlon
lmmunlzaLlon of
bacLerla 5
days;usuall
y 3 days

g-oI-Choice: tetracycline
(use straw; can
causestaining oI teeth).Oral
tetracycline should
beadministered with meals
or aIter milk

Cholevac
$higellosis
Other names:
acillary
dysentery

urugofCholce Co
LrlmoxazoleuleL Low flber
plenLy of flulds easlly
dlgesLlblefoods
roper
handwashlng roper
food and
waLer sanlLaLlon
lly conLrol
1ypho|d fever Diagnostic Test:
%yphi dot
conIirmatory test;
specimen is Ieces
Widal`s test
agglutination oI the
patient`s serumDrug-oI-
Choice: Chloramphenicol

roper
handwashlngroper
food and
waLer sanlLaLlon
$yphilisOther
names:
Syad loodThe
poxLues
venerealMorbus
gallicus

A
bstinence

e IaithIul
C
ondom

onorrheaOthe
r names:
C, Clap,
Drip,Stain,
leet,Flores
lancas

Diagnostic test:
Culture of urethral and
.ervi.al smearram
staining
Treatment:Drug oI Choice:
!eni.illin

A
bstinence,

e IaithIul
C
ondomPrevention oI
gonococcalophthalmi
a is done throughthe
prophylactic use
oI ophthalmic
preparationswith
erythromycin
or tetracycline

Lrlcho Drug oI Choice:
Metronidazole (lagyl

A8C
ersonal hyglene


Chlamydla uCC LeLra A8C
ntestinal
parasitism
:

As.ariasis
Other
names:
Roundwor
miant
worms

Ascaris
lumbricoides(n
ematode)
Fecal-oral
route
5 Fs: Finger,
Foods,Feces,
Flies, Fomites
iagnosti. %est:
Fecalysis
%reatment:
Antihelminthic: Mebendazole /
Pyrantel Pamoate

Proper
handwahing
nfluenza
Other
name:
La rippe

InIluenza virus
A most
common
less severe
C rare
!eriod
of Communi.
ability:
Probably
limited to 3
daysIrom
clinical onset

Direct contact
Droplet
inIection or
y articles
Ireshly soiled
with nasophary
ngeal
discharges

Airborne
n.ubation
!eriod:
Short, usually
24 2hours

Supportive and symptomatic
Keep patient warm and
Iree Irom draIts
TS Ior Iever
oil soiled clothing Ior
30 minutes beIore laundering
Avoid use oI
commontowels,
glasses, and
eatingutensilsC
over mouth and
noseduring cough
and sneeze
Immunization:
Flujob/Flushot
eIIectiveIor 6
months to 1
year
Giardiasis
is an
infection of
the small
intestine

Giardia;
Traveler's
diarrhea -
giardiasis

caused by a
microscopic
organism
(protozoa), Gi
ardia lamblia.
t can be
contracted by
drinking water
from lakes or
streams where
water-dwelling
animals such
as beavers and
muskrats, or
domestic
animals such
as sheep, have
caused
contamination.
t is also
Some infections go away on
their own. Anti-infective
medicines may be used.
Cure rates are generally
greater than 80%. Drug
resistance may be a factor in
treatment failures, sometimes
requiring a change in
antibiotic therapy.
n pregnant women,
treatment should wait until
after delivery, because some
drugs used to treat the

spread by
direct person-
to-person
contact, which
has caused
outbreaks in
institutions
such as day
care centers.
Travelers are
at risk for
giardiasis
throughout the
world.
Campers and
hikers are at
risk if they
drink untreated
water from
streams and
lakes. Other
risk factors
include:
O Exposu
re to a
family
membe
r with
giardias
is
O nstituti
onal
(day
care or
nursing
home)
exposur
e
O Unprote
infection can be harmful to
the unborn baby.

cted
anal
sex

mpetigo is
a common
skin
infection.
streptococcus
(strep) or
staphylococcu
s (staph)
bacteria.
Methicillin-
resistant staph
aureus
(MRSA) is
becoming a
common
cause.
The infection is
spread by
direct contact
with lesions or
with nasal carri
ers.
The incubation
period is 13
days. Dried
streptococci in
the air are not
infectious to
intact skin.
Scratching may
spread the
lesions.
For generations,
the disease was treated with
an application of
the antiseptic gentian
violet.
[5]
Today, topical or
oral antibiotics are usually
prescribed. Treatment may
involve washing with soap
and water and letting the
impetigo dry in the air. Mild
cases may be treated
with bactericidal ointment,
such as fusidic
acid, mupirocin,
chloramphenicol
or neosporin, which in some
countries may be available
over-the-counter. More
severe cases require oral
antibiotics, such
as dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin o
r erythromycin.
Alternatively amoxicillin comb
ined withclavulanate
potassium, cephalosporins
(1st generation) and many
others may also be used as
an antibiotic treatment.
Good hygiene
practices
Genital
herpes
is a
sexually
transmitted
viral
infection
affecting
the skin or
mucous
membrane
s of the
genitals.