Infused Santan Leave Oil

A research proposal submitted in partial IulIillment oI the course research I.

Proponents
Myls Fantillan
Nicole Shaye Dichoso
Xyrenz Sheen Eugenio
Kobe Espiritu
Raymond Jay Jaminal


Alegria M. Chico
Research Adviser



Olongapo City National Highschool
Special Science Curriculum
October 2011

InIused Santan Oil
2011

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Introduction
Background oI the Study
Statement oI the Problem
General Problem
SpeciIic Problem
Hypothesis
Paradigm
SigniIicance oI the Study

Review of Related Literature and Studies
Literature
Studies
Review
Methodology
Bibliography


InIused Santan Oil
2011

Introduction
Background oI the Study
'Ixora Coccinea the scientiIic name Ior santan plant. It was Iound that this plant
can threat many kind oI illness like diarrhea, sprains, boils, ulcers and many more. It is
currently being studied iI it is eIIective in curing diIIerent kind oI cancers (Philippine
Medical Plants, January 2011). Studies show that santan plant can heal skin problems like
boils and bruises (Nutritional Supplement, n.d.)
Santan contain an active compound known as Quercetin. Quercetin can improve
the health oI the capillaries, as well as the health oI the connective tissues. Isolated
quercetin is sold as a dietry supplement. Laboratory studies also showed that quercetin
are used in many countries Ior blood vessels health and an ingredient oI numerous
multivitamins and herbal remedies (Ray Sahelain,Quercetin BeneIits , n.d.)
Another active compound oI santan plant is the proanthocyanidins. Studies shown
that it can help in preventing inIlammations and swelling oI tissues caused revitalized and
renewed by Proanthocyanidins which can toughen the skin and lower the chance oI
bruise (Proanthocyanidins (Phycnogenol), Para 6, February 16 , 2002)





InIused Santan Oil
2011

Statement of the Problem

General Problem:
This study wish to test the eIIectiveness oI inIused santan leaves oil against
bruise.
SpeciIic Problems:
1. How will the eIIectiveness oI varying treatments oI inIused santan oil diIIer in
terms oI:
a) Rate oI bruise healing?
b) Allergic reaction?
c) Ease oI application?
2. How does inIused santan leaves oil diIIer Irom commercial oils in terms oI
a) Rate oI bruise healing?
b) Allergic reaction?
c) Ease oI application




InIused Santan Oil
2011

Hypothesis
Ho.
II the eIIectiveness oI varying treatments oI inIused santan leaves oil is the same
Irom commercial oil, then there is no signiIicant diIIerence between santan leaves oil and
commercial oil in terms oI rate oI bruise healing, allergic reaction and ease oI application
Paradigm









Figure 1: Schematic Presentation of the Study
Varying Preparation of oil

Santan Oil

100
80
50
---
Olive oil

---
20
50
100

Independent Variable

EIIectiveness oI santan leaves oil
Ior healing bruise in terms oI:

a) Rate oI bruise healing?
b) Allergic reaction?
c) Ease oI application
Independent Variable


Age oI santan leaves used and place
where the santan leaves gathered
Extraneous Variable
InIused Santan Oil
2011

This study aims to make an inIused oil Irom santan leaves with the variations oI:
santan leaves oil 100; santan leaves oil 80 and olive oil 20; santan leaves oil 50
and olive oil 50; and olive oil 100 that can determine Ior healing bruise in terms oI:
rate oI bruise healing; allergic reaction; and ease oI application.
Significance of the Study
This study is signiIicant because it is easy to apply and can be easily produce by
individuals without making big expenses. In bigger community like educational sector it
also give beneIits like discovering and having research about the diIIerent medicinal uses
oI 'Ixora Coccinea. In the industrial sector it give beneIits like having new best seller oil
that can help making the commercial incomes increase. In this study, it also give beneIits
in agricultural sector because it can make the incomes oI Iarmers bigger by buying to
Iarmers many Olive trees.
Reveiws
Ixora Coccinea is a Iairly, small
bushy shrub usually only 5-
10FT. tall. There are varieties
that are much smaller. Ixora will
only Ilower when only Iew
inches high. It is commonly used a hedge or small garden plant. Ixora Coccinea is used
in warmclimates Ior hedges and screens, Ioundation plantings, massed in Ilowering beds,
or grown as a specimen shrub or small tree. In cooler climes, it is grown in a
greenhouse or as a potted house plant requiring bright light (Ixora Coccinea, Retrieved
InIused Santan Oil
2011

August 19, 2011). In Philippines it is known as Santan Plant. It is said that the santan
plant might be included in Herbal Plants because oI its useIulness like wound healing,
antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and etc. The leaves yield Ilavonols kaemIerol
and quercetin, proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids and Ierulic acids. (Philippine
Medical Plants, n.d,)
;04 is composed mainly of the mixed
triglyceride esters of oleic acid and palmitic acid and
of other fatty acids, along with traces ofsqualene (up
to 0.7%) and sterols (about
0.2% phytosterol and tocosterols). The composition
varies by cultivar, region, altitude, time of harvest,
and extraction process.
Olive oil contains a group of related natural
products with potent antioxidant properties that give extra-virgin unprocessed olive oil
its bitter and pungent taste and are esters of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol,
including oleocanthal and oleuropein. Olive oil contains a wide variety of valuable
antioxidants that are not found in other oils.Hydroxytyrosol is thought to be the main
antioxidant compound in olives, and believed to play a significant role in the many health
benefits attributed to olive oil. Epidemiological studies suggest that olive oil has a
protective effect against certain malignant tumours in the breast, prostate, endometrium
and digestive tract. Research has revealed that the type rather than the quantity of fat
seems to have more implications for cancer incidence. (Olive Oil, Retrieved October
18,2011)

InIused Santan Oil
2011

Related Studies and Literature

A study entitled ' InIused Santan Oil was conducted with the use oI inIusing its
leaves to extract the oil Irom the leaves. An inIused oil consists oI a carrier oil that has
been permeated ('inIused) with one or more herbs. The beneIit to using an inIused oil as
opposed to a plain carrier oil is that the inIused oil will contain the therapeutic properties
oI both the carrier oil and the herbs that were inIused into the oil.
Some plants do not have much essential oil contained in them, and in those cases,
it is rare or impossible to commercially Iind an essential oil Ior that plant species.
InIusing the herb into a carrier oil, however, can be a suitable way to still use the herb Ior
aromatherapy purposes.
InIused oils generally have an oily Ieeling that varies depending on the carrier
oil used. They also are not as concentrated as essential oils. Additionally, inIused oils,
just like carrier oils, can go rancid. ( 'InIused oil. Copyright 1997-2011 )
In the other hand, another study that proves the Ixora Coccinea is very eIIective in
skin disorder, NAYAK 8. S.

; U0UPA A. L.

; U0UPA S. L. (1999) conducted that the alcoholic
extract oI the Ilowers, leaves and roots oI Ixora coccinea was studied Ior its eIIect on
wound healing, using a dead space wound model in rats. SigniIicant increases in
granuloma tissue weight, tensile strength, hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycan content
were observed. The prohealing actions seem to be due to increased collagen deposition as
well as better alignment and maturation. The drug induced a hypertropic eIIect on the
thymus gland but had no eIIect on the adrenals.
InIused Santan Oil
2011

A study was conducted by . D. Ratnasooriya. ; S. A. Deraniyagala ; S. D. N. K.

Bathige, C. L. Goonasekara ; J. R. A. C. Jayakody (2005) about the antinociceptive
potential oI leaves oI Ixora coccinea that one oI Iour doses (500, 750, 1000 or 1500
mg/kg, n8/dose) oI aqueous leaI extract (ALE) or 1 ml oI distilled water was orally
administered to male rats and antinociceptive activity was ascertained using three models
oI nociception (tail Ilick, hot plate and Iormalin tests). The results showed that ALE
possesses considerable antinociceptive activity (when evaluated in hot plate and Iormalin
test but not in tail Ilick test). The antinociceptive activity oI the ALE had a rapid onset
(within 1 h) and a Iairly long duration oI action (up to 5 h) with a peak eIIect at 3 h.
Further, the antinociceptive activity was dose-dependent and was not associated with
harmIul side-eIIects or toxicity even Iollowing subchronic administration. The
antinociceptive action was mediated centrally at the supraspinal level mainly via
dopaminergic mechanism. In addition, it is likely that antioxidant activity oI the ALE
could have played an auxiliary role in inducing antinociception. Dopaminergic and
antioxidative activities oI ALE could arise, respectively, Irom its quaternary base alkaloid
and Ilavonoid constituents.
Methodology
Gathering oI Materials:
Int his project the Iollowing materials are needed : Iresh santan leaves 200-300
pieces, olive oil can be bought Irom market or groceries, 600ml. jar and a cleam glass
bottle.

InIused Santan Oil
2011

Methods:
In making inIused oil, Iirst step is to place the Iresh santan leaves in a jar, cover it with
olive oil and seal it with a lid. II you are going to leave it Ior a while in the jar, try not to
leave too large gap at the top oI the jar to prevent oxidation. Then prepare the jar in the
sunlight , either in the garden or on a sunny windows and leave Ior several weeks. II the
color oI the oil changes, then its ready.
AIter the oil have been inIused strain the dried santan leaves oII and put the oil in a clean
glass bottle. In order to increase shelI liIe try adding small amount oI vitamin E (such as
Irom a vitamin E capsule, or by adding wheat germ oil)
Quicker Method:
II your lack oI time, then try the quicker method: heat the oil (olive oil) and santan leaves
in a pan oI simmering water (the olive oil and santan leaves is in an unsealed jar. It is
placed on the simmering water) Ior a couple oI hours. AIter the oil have been inIused
strain the dried santan leaves oII and put the oil in a clean glass bottle. In order to
increase shelI liIe try adding small amount oI vitamin E (such as Irom a vitamin E
capsule, or by adding wheat germ oil)




InIused Santan Oil
2011

Bibliography
'Anti-Bruise Kit. Retrieved n.d. http://vitamedica.com/products/recovery-
products/arnica-anti-bruise-kit/
'Bruise Cures and Treatments. Retrieved 2010. http://antibruise.com/
'Bruise Remedies . Retrieved 2009 .
http://www.organicnutrition.co.uk/articles/bruises.htm
'Bruises. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
http://www.medicinenet.com/bruises/page3.htm
'Hirudoid. Retrieved n.d. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliveoil
'InIraspeciIic taxonomy. Retrieved 1996.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031942296004293
'InIused oil. Retrieved n.d.
http://www.taste.com.au/howto/articles/661/howtomakeaninIusedoil
#InIused oil. Copyright 1997-2011.
http://www.aromaweb.com/articles/whatinIu.asp
'inIusing Herbal Plants . Retrieved n.d. http://video.about.com/beauty/How-to-
Make-Mint-Oil.htm
'Ixora Coccinea. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixoracoccinea
InIused Santan Oil
2011

'Jungle Geranium Rubiaceae. Retrieved November 20, 1998.

http://www.plantoItheweek.org/week007.shtml
'Nutritional Supplement. Retrieved n.d. Http://www.nutritional-supplement-
educational-centre.com/beneIits-oI-quercetin.html
'Olive Oil. Retrieved October 18,2011. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliveoil
'Optimal Diet. Retrieved 2010. http://www.healwithIood.org/nails/
'Philippine Medical Plants . Retrieved January 2011 .
http://www.stuartxchange.org/Santan.html
'Proanthocyanidins (Phycnogenol) . Retrieved February 16 , 2002 .
http://www.herbs2000.com/hmenu/proanthocyanidins.htm
NAYAK B. S.

; UDUPA A. L.

; UDUPA S. L. 'EIIect oI Ixora coccinea Ilowers
on dead space wound healing in rats. Fitoterapia 1999, vol. 70, pp. 233-236 . NIST-
CNRS, Cote INIST
Ratnasooriya W.D. ; Deraniyagala S.A. ; K. Bathige S.D.N. ; C. L. Goonasekara.
'Antinociceptive action oI aqueous extract oI the leaves oI Ixora coccinea. Acta
Biologica Hungarica . Volume 56 Page 21-34 . Akademiai Kiado
Ray sahelain, 'Quercetin BeneIits , n.d.
http://www.raysahelian.com/quercetin.html