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Slide 2

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CARE OF
CLIE
DEFINI
BIOLOGI
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Conditions that may re


MR.
ERWIN
if left unattended in a b
CRITICAL
CA
Conditions
that warran
for the reversal of dise
R
easons forofadm
ission
prevention
further
m
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Slide 3

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Pt. may be physiologica


advanced and sophistic

Slide 4

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CRITICA

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The care of seriously ill


injury or illness until di
care CRITICAL CAR
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Specialty dealing with


life-threatening proble
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REQUIRE

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In-depth knowledge o
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Anatomy and physiolog


Pathophysiology

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INTENSIVE CA
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INTENSIVE

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Slide 9

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CLASSIFIC

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Accordingto:

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Disease condition
Age group

Slide 10

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PROGRESSIVE CA
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Also called:

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Slide 11

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High-dependency
units
COMMON
PROBL
Intermediate care units
CARE PA
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Stepdown units

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Slide 12

Nutrition
Anxiety
IS
S
UES
RELA
TE
Pain
Impaired communicati
Major needs of familie
Sensory
-perceptual IC
patients:
Sleep
problemsneeds
Informational
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Slide 13

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CULTURALLYCO
CRITICALCAR
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The cultural dimension


sickness and health, pa
and grief need to be co
for critically ill patients
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Slide 14

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Slide 15

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ASSESSMENT OF
PATIE
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REVIEW OFHEM

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DEFINI

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The study of forces inv


blood through
the
card
COMPON
circulatory system.
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Slide 17

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HEMODY

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Blood pressure (BP)


Central
venous
pressurP
PHYS
IOLOGIC
Right and HEMOD
left heart pre
Y
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Slide 18

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Include factors that aff


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Myocardial function
Regulate BP

Slide 19

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CIRCULATOR

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Consists of networks o
within
a
continuous
cir
MECHANISMSTHAT R
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Slide 20

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OFBLOOD THROU
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Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation
S
TRUCTURES
O
Heart rate
Myocardial contraction
Chambers
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Slide 21

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Upper
Lower

Slide 22

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ELECTRICAL COND
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Slide 23

Depolarization
Repolarization

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CARDIAC

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Right atrium

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Slide 24

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Receivesvenousblood
circulationCARDIAC
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Left atrium

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Receivesoxygenatedbl
Right atrium
SA node

Slide 25

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DEFINITION
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Stroke volume

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Slide 26

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Volume of blood that i


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Left ventricular
end-s
y
BLOOD
PR
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Amount of blood that r


of systole
Tension
exerted by blo
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Slide 27

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Left
ventricular
end
-di
Pressure
=flow
x resist
FACTORS
INF
LUE
Amount of blood that i
BP =CO x SVR PRESS
ejection
Norm
al
values:
Ejection fraction
Peripheral
resistance
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Systolic : 100-139 mmH


The volume
of (influen
blood e
Blood
viscosity
Diastolic : 60-90 mmHg
Arteriolar lumen size (in

Slide 28

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SYSTEMIC VASCU
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Influenced mainly the


Reflection of periphera
Sand
YSTEMIC
VASto
CU
its opposition
b
blood vessels
Factors influencing ele
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Slide 29

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Slide 30

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Vasoconstriction
CARDIAC
OU
Compensatory
respons
decreased CO
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Amount
of blood eject
Factors influencing
dec
minute
Sepsis
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Slide 31

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STROKE V

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Amount of blood eject


each beat
PREL
O
Three factors that
influ
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Slide 32

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Preload
IsAfterload
the filling volume of
of
diastole
Contractility
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Slide 33

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PREL
Reflects the amount
ofO
at end diastole just bef
Causes
of
increased
pr
Dependent on the volu
Increased
fluid
volume
to the heart
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Venous constriction

Slide 34

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AFTER

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Amount of resistancea
ventricle pumps
DeterminedCONTRA
by BP and
The greater the resista
Is
the
strength
of
myoc
myocardium has to wo
during
systole
resistance
HEART
F
rank
-S
tarling
Law
Measures assessment
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Slide 36

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The greater the stretch


Is the
number
of heart
the next
contraction
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Slide 37

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MANIPULATIO
OUTP
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Stroke Volume

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Slide 38

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Preload
MANIPULATIO
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Increased: diuretics, ven


Decreased: fluids, vasoc
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OUTP

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Afterload
Heart
Rate(SVR)

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Slide 39

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Increased
: arterial
vaso
Increased
: beta
blocke
Decreased: vasoconstri
blockers
Contractility
Decreased: sympathom
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Decreased:positive inot
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