MA1251-NUMERICAL METHODS

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DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
ACADEMIC YEAR 2008-2009 / EVEN SEMESTER
MA1251-NUMERICAL METHODS
UNIT - I
SOLUTIONS OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS
PART-A
1. If f(x) has root between x a = and x b = , then write the first approximate root
by the method of false position .
2. State the formula for the method of false position to determine a root of f(x)=0
3. Find an iterative formula for finding N where N is a real number, using
Newton-Raphson formula.
4. On what type of equations Newtons method can be applicable?
5. What is the condition for the convergence of the iteration method for solving
x= (x)?
6. Solve the following system of equations x +y = 2 , 2x + 3y = 5 by Gauss
elimination method.
7. Solve the system of equations x - 2y = 0 , 2x + y = 5 by Gaussian elimination
method.
8. By Gaussian elimination method solve x + y = 2 , 2x + 3y = 5.
9. Solve using Gauss Jordon method 11x + 3y = 17 , 2x +7y =16.
10. Solve the following system of equations by Gauss Jordan method
5x + 4y = 15, 3x + 7y = 12.
11. Compare Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan methods in solving the
linear system [A]{X}={B}.
12. Explain the difference between Gauss Jacobi and Gauss-seidal iterative
methods.
13. State the sufficient condition for convergence of Gauss-seidal method.
14. State the sufficient condition for convergence of Gauss-Jacobi method
15. Why Gauss-seidal iteration is a method of successive corrections?
16. Find the inverse of
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3 2
2 1
by Gauss Jordon method.
17. Solve 3x + y = 2 , x +3y =-2, by Gauss-seidal iteration method.
18. Define Eigen value and Eigen vecor.
19. Find the eigen value of
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1 2
2 1
by Power method.
20. Find the dominant eigenvalue of A =
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\
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4 3
2 1
by power method?


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PART-B
1. a. Find the root of the equation xe
x
= cosx using the regula-falsi method (8)
correct to four decimal places.
b. Find the real root of the equation 0 2 . 1 log
10
= X X correct to four places of (8)
decimal using false position method.
2. a. Using Newton-Raphson method, find correct to 3 decimal places, the root (8)
between 0 and 1 of the equation 0 4 6
3
= + x x
b. Find the iteration formula to find N where N is a positive integer by (8)
Newtons method and hence find 11 .
3.a. Find the negative root of the equation 0 sin 4
2
= + x x by Newton-Raphson (8)
method correct to three decimal places.
b. Obtain an iteration formula, using N - R values to find the reciprocal of a (8)
given number N and hence find
19
1
, correction of 4 decimal places.
4.a. Solve the following system of equation using Gauss elimination method (8)
2x + y + 4z = 12 , 8x -3y +2z = 20 , 4x +11y z =33.
b. Apply Gauss-Jordon method to find solution of the following system (8)
10x + y + z = 12 , 2x +10y +z = 13 , x + y + 5z = 7.
5. a. Solve by Gauss Jordon method 2x 3y +z = -1 , x + 4y +5z =25 , (8)
3x 4y + z =2 correct to 3 decimal places.
b. Find the inverse of the given matrix by Gauss Jordon method A =
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1 3 2
3 2 1
2 1 1
(8)
6. a. Using Gauss-Jordon method , find the inverse of the matrix
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4 4 2
3 3 1
3 1 1
(8)
b. Find the inverse of the matrix
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0 1 1
5 2 3
1 0 2
by Gauss-Jordon method. (8)
7. a. Solve the following system of equation using Gauss Seidal method correct (8)
to three decimal places.
x + y + 54z = 110 , 27x +6y - z = 85 , 6x +15y + 2z = 72.
b. Solve the following system of equation using Gauss Jacobi method (8)
correct to two decimal places.
10x + y - z = 11.19 , x + 10y + z = 28.08 , -x + y + 10z = 35.61.
8. a. Solve the following system of equation using Gauss Seidal method (8)
28x + 4y - z = 32 , x +3y +10z = 24 , 2x +17y + 4z =35.
b. Solve the following system of equation using Gauss Seidal method (8)
20x + y - 2z = 17 , 3x + 20y - z = -18 , 2x - 3y + 20z = 25.
9. a. Using Power method, obtain the largest eigen value and corresponding (8)
eigen vector of the matrix
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4 5
2 1


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b.Determine the largest eigen value and the corresponding eigen vector (8)
correct to 3 decimal places, using power method for the matrix
A =
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2 1 0
1 2 1
0 1 2

10. a. Find the numerically largest eigen values of A =
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4 0 2
0 3 1
2 1 25
by power (8)
method corresponding eigen vector ( correct to 3 decimal places ). Start
with initial eigen value
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0
0
1

b. Find the largest eigen value and eigen vector of the matrix by power (8)
method
(
(
(

7 0 0
2 4 0
3 2 1

UNIT II
INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION
PART A
1. State Lagranges interpolation formula?
2. What is the Lagranges formula to find y, if three sets of values (x
0
,y
0
),(x
1
,y
1
) and
(x
2
,y
2
) are given?
3. What is the assumption we make when Lagranges formula is used?
4. What advantage has Lagranges formula over Newton?
5. What is the disadvantage in practice in applying Lagranges interpolation formula?
6. What is Inverse interpolation?
7. Give the inverse of Lagranges interpolation formula?
8. Write the Lagranges fundamental polynomial L
0
(x) and L
1
(x) that satisfy the condition
L
0
(x) + L
1
(x) = 1 for the data [x
0
,f(x
0
)],[x
1
,f(x
1
)]?
9. Explain briefly interpolation?
10. Can you use Lagranges interpolation formula when the intervals are equal?
11. Define Divided Difference?
12. Find the divided difference table for the following data
X: 2 5 10
Y: 5 29 109
13. From the divided difference table for the following data:
X: 5 15 22
Y: 7 36 160
14.State the order of convergence of cubic spline?
15. What are the natural or free conditions in cubic spline?
16. Define natural spline?
17. State the properties of Cubic spline?
18. Derive Newtons backward difference formula by using operator method?
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19. Derive Newtons forward difference formula by using operator method?
20. State Gregory-Newton forward difference interpolation formula?

Part B
1. a Find the Lagranges polynomial of degree 3 to fit the data: (8)
Y(0)=-12, y(1)=0,y(3)=6 and y(4) =12. Hence find y(2).
b Using Lagranges formula, fit a polynomial to the data (8)
X: 0 1 3 4
Y: -12 0 6 12 Also find y at x=2.
2. a Using Lagranges formula, fit a polynomial to the data (8)
X: 0 1 2 4 5 6
F(x): 1 14 15 5 6 19 Also find f(3).
b .Using Lagranges formula, fit a polynomial to the data (8)

X: -1 0 2 3
Y: -8 3 1 12
Hence find y at x=1.5 and x=1

3. a Using Lagranges formula, fit a polynomial to the data (8)

X: 0 1 3 4
Y: -12 0 6 12

Hence find y at x=2.
b Using Lagranges formula, fit a polynomial to the data (8)

X: 2 5 7 10 121
Y: 18 180 448 1210 2028

Hence find y at x=6.
4 a If f(0) = 0 , f(1) = 0, f(2) = -12, f(4) =(0), f(5) =600 and f(7) = 7308,find a
polynomial that satisfies this data using Newtons divided difference (8)
interpolation formula., Hence, find f(6)
b Using Newtons divided difference formula find f(x) and f(6) from the
following data: (8)

X: 1 2 7 8
f(x) 1 5 5 4

5. a Using Newtons divided difference formula find the value of f(8) and f(6)
from the following data: (8)

X: 4 5 7 10 11 13
f(x) 48 100 294 900 1210 2028

Also find f(-2) and f(12).
b Using Newtons divided difference formula find the cubic function of x from
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the following data: (8)

X: 0 1 4 5
f(x) 8 11 68 123
6. a Using Newtons divided difference formula find the cubic function of x from
the following data: (8)



b Given the following table ,find f(2.5) using cubic spline functions: (8)

I: 0 1 2 3
Xi: 2 3 12 147
f(Xi): 0.5 0.3333 0.25 0.2


7. a The following values of X and Y are given: (8)

X: 1 2 3 4
Y: 1 2 5 11
Find the cubic splines and evaluate Y(1.5).
b Find the cubic splines for the data : (8)

X: 0 1 2 3
f(x): 1 2 9 28
8. a Find the cubic splines for the data : (8)

X: 1 2 3
f(x):

-6 -1 16
b Find the polynomial of degree two for the data by Newton;s forward (8)
difference method:

X: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
F
x):
1 2 4 7 11 16 22 29

9. a From the following table of half-yearly premium for policies maturing at (8)
different ages, estimate the premium for policies maturing at age 46 and 63.
AgeX: 45 50 55 60 65
PremiumY: 114.84 96.16 83.32 74.48 68.48
b From the following table, find the value of tan 4515 by Newtons forward (8)
interpolation formula
X: 45 46 47 48 49 50
tanx 1.00000 1.03553 1.07237 1.11061 1.15037 1.19175
10. a Given (8)
X: 0 1 4 5
f(x) 2 3 12 147
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X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
f
x):
1 8 27 64 125 216 343s 512
Estimate f(7.5) . Use Newtons formula.
b Construct Newtons forward interpolating polynomial for the following data:
(8)

UNIT III
NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION
PART A
1.State Newtons formula to find f(x) using the forward differences.
2.Find
dx
dy
at x= 1 from the following table:
X: 1 2 3 4
Y: 1 8 27 64

3. If f(x) = a
x
(a 0 ), is given for x = 0, 0.5, 1 show by numerical differentiation that
f(0) = 4 a a 3.
4.Using forward differences, the formula for f(a).
5.Write the formula for f(x) at x = x
0
using forward difference operator.
6.Using Newtons backward difference formula, write the formulae for the first
and second order derivatives at the end values x = x
n
upto the fourth order
difference term.
7. How the accuracy can be increased in trapezoidal rule of evaluating a given
definite integral ?
.8.Evaluate
dx
x
}
1
2
1
1
by Trapezoidal rule, dividing the range into 4 equal parts.
9. State Simpsons rule.
State Simpsons one-third rule.
Write down the formula for Simpsons one-third rule.
10.State Simpsons three eighth rule.
11.What is the general Newton-Cotes quadrature formula ? How is the trapezoidal
rule its special case?
12.What is the order of error in Trapezoidal formula and Simpsons formula?
13.What is the local error term in Trapezoidal formula and in Simpsons one third rule
14. Six sets of values of x and y are given ( xs being equally spaced). Write the
formula to get
}
6
1
.
x
x
ydx
15.What approximation is used in deriving Simpsons rule of integration?
16. In order to evaluate
}
n
x
x
dx x f
0
. ) ( by Simpsons 1/3 rule as well as by Simpsons 3/8
X: 4 6 8 10
Y: 1 3 8 16
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rule, what is the restriction on the number of intervals?
17. Using Trapezoidal rule evaluate
}
t
0
sin xdx by dividing the range into 6 equal
parts.
18. The velocity of a particle which starts from rest is given by the following table:
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
V(ft/sec) 0 16 29 40 46 51 32 18 8 3 0

Estimate using Trapezoidal rule the total distance traveled in 20 sec.
19.State three point Gaussian quadrature formula.
.20. State Trapezoidal rule for evaluating
} }
d
c
b
a
dxdy y x f . ) , (

PART - B
1.a) From the following table, find the value of x for which ) (x f is maximum.
Also find the maximum value. (8)
x : 60 75 90 105 120
) (x f : 28.2 38.2 43.2 40.9 37.7
b) The velocity of a train which starts from rest is given by the following
table, time being reckoned in minutes from the start and speed miles
per hour:
Minutes : 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Miles per hour : 10 18 25 29 321 20 11 5 2 9
Estimate approximately the total distance run in 20 minutes. (8)
2. a) Find the first and second derivative of the function 14 8 ) (
3
= x x x f
at x = 3.0 using the value given below:
x: 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4
) (x f : -14 -10.03 -5.296 -0.256 -6.672 14 (8)
b) Given the following pairs of values of x and y
x : 1 2 4 8 10
y : 0 1 5 21 27
Determine y(4) using Newtons divided differences. (8)
3.a) Evaluate
} }
+
2
1
2
1
y x
dxdy
with h=k=0.2 by using trapezoidal rule. (8)
b) For the tabulated function :
x : 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
y: 0.2500 0.2268 0.2066 0.1890 0.1736]
find y(1.35).y(1.35) and y(1.35) (8)
4. a) Find the value of cos(1.74) using the value given in the following
table below:
x : 1.70 1.74 1.78 1.82 1.86
sin x : 0.9916 0.9857 0.9781 0.9681 0.9584 (8)
b) Find the derivative of x at x = 1 by formatting the forward difference
table the values of x at x = 1.00, 1.05, 1.10 1.15. (8)
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5. a) From the following table of values of x and y, find
dx
dy
and
2
2
dx
y d

At x = 1.25
x : 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25
y : 1.00000 1.02470 1.04881 1.07238 1.09544 1.11803 (8)

b). The function f(x,y) is defined by the following table: (8)

x
y
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
1 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6
2 3.1 2.5 2.0 2.3 2.9
3 4.2 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.4

Compute
} }
3
0
2
0
) , ( dxdy y x f using Simpsons rule in the both direct method.
6. a) Using Newtons methods find f at x =1.2 from
x: 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
y: 27.00 106.75 324.00 783.75 1621.00 (8)

b) By dividing the range into equal parts, evaluate
}
t
0
sin xdx by using
Simpsons
3
1
rd rule. Is it possible o evaluate he same b Simpsons
8
3
h
rule. Justify your answer. (8)
7.a) Using Rombergs rule, evaluate
}
+
1
0
1 x
dx
correct to there decimal places by
taking h=0.5,0.25 and 0.125. (8)
b) Use Simpsons
3
1
rd rule to estimate the value of
}
5
1
) ( dx x f given
x : 1 2 3 4 5
) (x f : 13 50 70 80 100 (8)
8. a) Compute
}
+
1
0
2
1 x
dx
by using Trapezoidal rule, taking h = 0.5 and h=0.25.
Hence find the value of the above integration by Rombergs method. (8)

b) Evaluate
} }
+
1
0
1
0
1 xy
dxdy
using simpsons 1/3 rule, taking h=k=0.5 (8)

9.a) Evaluate
} }
+
2
1
2
1
y x
dxdy
,taking stepsite h=k=0.25 and using (8)

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a. Simpsons 1/3 rule in both directions.
b. Trapezoidal rule in both directions.

b) Find the value of the following integral using Gaussian quadrature (8)

technique
( )
dx
x
}
5
3
2
2
4

10. a) Use Simpsons
3
1
rd rule., to integrate sin x between 0 and
2
t
from the
following table
x : 0
12
t

12
2t

12
3t

12
4t

12
5t

2
t

sin x : .00000 .25882 .50000 .70711 .86603 .96593 1.0000 (8)
b) Evaluate
}

+
=
1
1
4
2
1
dx
x
x
I by three point Gaussian formula. (8)

UNIT-IV
INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS

PART A
1. State the disadvantage of Taylor series methods?
2. Write down the fourth order Taylor Algorithm?
3. Write the merits and demerits of the Taylor method of solution?
4. Which is better Taylors method or R.K. method?
5. Solve the differential equation 1 ) 0 ( , = + + = y xy y x
dx
dy
by Taylor series method to get
the value of y at x = h?
6. What is the truncation error in Taylors series?
7. Write down Euler algorithm to the differential equation ) , ( y x f
dx
dy
= .
8. State modified Euler algorithm to solve y = f(x,y), y(x
0
)=y
0
at x = x
0
+ h.
9. Using Modified Eulers method, ifnd y(0,1) if 1 ) 0 ( ,
2 2
= + = y y x
dx
dy

10. What is the error of Eulers method?
11. What are the limitations of Eulers method?
12. What is the Error in modified Eulers method?
13.Write the Runge-Kutta algorithm of second order for solving y = f(x,y), y(x
0
)=y
0

14.State the third order R.K. method algorithm to find the numerical solution of the first
order differential equation?
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15. Write down the Runge-Kutta formula of fourth order to solve
dy/dx = f(x,y) with y(x
0
) = y
0
16. State the special advantage of Runge-Kutta method over Taylor series method?

17. What are the advantages of R.K. method over Taylor method?
18. .Write Milnes predictor corrector formula?
19. What is the error of Milnes Predictor and corrector method?
20. Write down Adams-Bashforth predictor formula?
21. What is a Predictor-Collector method of solving a differential equation?
22. .What is the condition to apply Adams Bashforth method?
23. What is the error of Adam Bashforth method?
24. .Compare the Milnes predictor-corrector and Adam-Bashforth predictor-corrector
methods for solving ordinary differential equations?
25. Compare R.K. methods and Predictor-Corrector methods for solution of initial value
problems
PART B
1. a)Using Taylor series method find y at x = 0.1 if . 1 ) 0 ( , 1
2
= = y y x
dx
dy
(8)
b)Solve . 1 ) 0 ( ,
2 2
= + = y y x
dx
dy
Use Taylor series at x=0.2 and 0.4, Find
x = 0.1. (8)
2. a)Using Taylor series method find y at x = 0.1 correct to four decimal places from
. 1 ) 0 ( ,
2
= = y y x
dx
dy
with h = 0.1. Compute terms upto
4
x . (8)
b)Solve , 0 ) 1 ( , ' = + = y y x y by Taylors series method. Find y(1.1). (8)
3. a)Find the Taylor series solution with three terms for the initial value problem
. 1 ) 1 ( , '
3
= + = y y x y (8)
b)Using Taylor series method with the first five terms in the expansion find y(0.1)
correct to three decimal places, given that
. 1 ) 0 ( , '
2
= = y y e y
x
(8)
4. a)Using Taylor series method, find y(1.1) and y(1.2) correct to four decimal places
given.
3 / 1
xy
dx
dy
= and y(1) =1. (8)
b)Using Eulers method find y(0.2) and y(0.4) from , 1 ) 0 ( , ' = + = y y x y
with h=0.2. (8)
5. a)Using Eulers method find y(0.1) from , 1 ) 0 ( , ' = + + = y xy y x y with h=0.05.(6)
b)Using Eulers method find y(0.3)of y(x) satisfies the initial value problem.
, 1114 . 1 ) 2 . 0 ( , ) 1 (
2
1
'
2 2
= + = y y x y with h=0.2. (8)
6. a)Using modified Eulers method, compute y(0.1) with h=0.1 from
. 1 ) 0 ( ,
2
= = y
y
x
y
dx
dy
(8)
b)Solve , 0 ) 0 ( , 1 ' = = y y y by modified Eulers method. (8)
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7. a) Given . 2 ) 0 ( ,
3
= + = y y x
dx
dy
Compute y(0.2), y(0.4) and y(0.6) by Runge-Kutta
method of fourth order. (8)
b)Using R.K. method of 4
th
order, solve . 1 ) 0 ( ,
2 2
2 2
=
+

= y
x y
x y
dx
dy
at x = 0.2. (8)
8. a)Using R.K. method of fourth order find y(0.1) for the initial value problem
. 1 ) 0 ( ,
1
2
=
+
= y
x
xy
dx
dy
,take h=0.1 (8)
b)Find y(0.8) given that , 7379 . 1 ) 6 . 0 ( , '
2
= = y x y y by using R.K. method of fourth
order. (8)
7. a)Consider the second order initial value problem t e y y y
t
sin 2 2
2 ' ' '
= + with
y(0) = -0.4 and 6 . 0 ) 0 (
'
= y using fourth order R.K.method, find y(0.2). (8)
b)Apply the fourth order Runge-Kutta method , to find an approximate value
of y when x = 0.2 and x= 0.4, given that , 1 ) 0 ( , ' = + = y y x y with h=0.2. (8)
8. a)Given . 2 ) 0 ( ,
3
= + = y y x
dx
dy
The values of y(0.2) = 2.073,y(0.4)=2.452 and
y(0.6) = 3.023 are got by R.K. method of fourth order. Find y(0.8) by Milnes
predictor-corrector method taking h=0.2. (8)
b)Using Milnes method find y(4.4) given 0 2 5
'
= + y xy given y(4)=1,
y(4.1) = 1.0049,y(4.2)=1.0097 and y(4.3) = 1.0143. (8)
9. a)Determine the value of y(0.4) using Milnes method given
;. 1 ) 0 ( ,
2
= + = y xy y
dx
dy
use Taylor series to get the values of y(0.1),
y(0.2) and y(0.3). (16)
b)Using Runge-Kutta method of order 4, find y for x=0.1,0.2,0.3 given that
;. 1 ) 0 ( ,
2
= + = y xy y
dx
dy
and also find the solution at x=0.4
using Milnes method. (16)
10 .a)Given , 979 . 1 ) 3 . 1 ( , 548 . 1 ) 2 . 1 ( , 233 . 1 ) 1 . 1 ( , 1 ) 1 ( ), 1 (
2
= = = = + = y y y y y x
dx
dy
evaluate
y(1.4) by Adams Bashforth method. (8)
b)Consider the initial value problem . 5 . 0 ) 0 ( , 1
2
= + = y x y
dx
dy
(16)
a. Using the modified Euler method, find y(0.2)
b. Using 4
th
order Runge-Kutta method, find y(0.4) and y(0.6)
c. Using Adam-Bashforth Predictor- Corrector method. Find y(0.8).
11 a)Using the above predictor-corrector equations, evaluate y(.4) , if y satisfies

2
1
x x
y
dx
dy
= + and y(1) = 1 , y(1.1) = 0.996, Y91.3) = 0.972 (8)





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MA1251-NUMERICAL METHODS


12
UNIT V
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PART A

1. State the conditions for the equation.
A G Fu Eu Du Cu Bu u
y x yy yy xx
= + + + + + where A,B,C,D,E,F,G are function of x and
y to be (i) elliptic (ii) parabolic (iii) hyperbolic.
2. State the condition for the equation A ) , , , ( y x u u f Cu Bu u
y x yy yy xx
= + + to be
(i) elliptic (ii) parabolic (iii) hyperbolic when A,B,C are funby Bction of x and
y.
3. What is the classification of ? 0 =
yy x
f f
4. Give an exaple of a parabolic equation.
5. State Schmidts explicit formula for solving heat flow equation.
6. Write an explicit formula to solve numerically the heat equation (parabolic
equation) 0 =
t xx
au u .
7. Write down the crank Nicolson formula to solve
t xx
u u = .
8. Write the diagonal five point formula to solve Laplace equation 0 = +
yy xx
u u
9. Write down the implicit formula to solve one dimensional heat flow equation
t xx
u
c
u
2
1
= .
10. What is the value of k to solve
xx
u
t
u
2
1
=
c
c
by Bender-Schmidt method with h=1 if h
and k are the increments of x and t respectively?
11. Write down the finite difference scheme for solving the poison equation . 0
2
= V u
12. What is Liebmanns principle?
13. What is Shooting method ?
14. Write different methods for solving B.V.P.
15. Define a difference quotient.

PART B
1. a By Cranck-Nicholson method solve the equation
t
u
x
u
c
c
=
c
c
2
2
subject to u(x,0)=0,
u(0,t) = 0 and u(1,t)=t for two time steps. (8)
b Solve ,
2
2
2
2
x
y
t
y
c
c
=
c
c
0<x<1.t>0 given u(x,0)=0 ) 0 , (x
t c
c
=u(0,t)=0 and
u(1,t)=100sint, complete u(x,t) for 4 times steps with h=0.25 (8)
2. a Solve the equation y x y + =
' '
with boundary conditions y(0)=y(1)=0 numerically
taking Ax=0.25. (8)
b Solve .) 10 ( 10
2 2 2
+ + = V y x u over the square mesh with sides x=0,y=0,x=3,y=3
with u=0 on the boundary and mesh length of 1 unit. (8)

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MA1251-NUMERICAL METHODS


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3. a Solve
t
u
x
u
c
c
=
c
c
2
2
2
given u(0,t)=0, u(4,t)=0,u(x,0)=x(4-x) taking Ax=At=1. Find
the value of u upto t=3 using Bender-Schmidt explicit difference scheme (8)
b Solve
2
2
x
u
t
u
c
c
=
c
c
in 0<x<5, t 0 > t given that u(x,0) =20, u(0,t)=0,u(5,t) =100.
Compute u for the time-step with h=1 by Cranck Nicholson method. (8)
4. Solve the Laplaces equation over the square mesh of side 4 units satisfying the
boundary conditions: (16)
U(0,y)=0,0 4 s s y ;u(4,y)=12+y, 0 4 s s y
U(x,0)=3x, 0 4 s s x ;u(x,4)=
2
x ,0 4 s s x
5. Derive Bender-Schmidt recurrence formula for solving 0 =
t xx
au u with the
boundary condition u(0,t)=T
0
, u(l,t)= T
l
, u(x,0)=f(x) for 0<x<l Also find
corresponding recurrence relation. (16)
6. Solve the Poisson equation
2 2
y x u u
yy xx
= + over the square region bounded by
the lines x=0,y=3 given that u=10 throughout the boundaries taking h=1. (16)
7. Solve the following Poisson equation over the square region bounded by the
lines x=0,y=0,x=3,y=3 given that u=0 throughout the boundaries taking h=1
i)
2 2
) ( y x u + = V ii)
3 3 2
y x u + = V (16)
8. Solve the Poissons equation ) 10 ( 10
2 2
2
2
2
2
+ + =
c
c
+
c
c
y x
y
u
x
u
over the square with
sides x=0=y, x=3=y with u=0 on the boundary and mesh length is 1. (16)
9. Obtain a finite difference scheme to solve the Laplace equation. Solve 0
2
= V u at
the pivotal position in the square shown fitted with square mesh. Use
Leibmanns iteration procedure. (5 iteration only) (16)
1000 1000 1000 1000

1000 1000
1000 500 0 0
10. Solve A
2
u=0, the boundary conditions are given below.(give only three iteration)(16)
D0 10 20 30B
U
1
U
2
U
3
U
4

A60 60 60 60C
U
1
U
2
U
3
U
4

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