Assignment 1 TTK4190 Historical Development of Marine Control Systems

Christian Holden Morten Breivik Spring, 2010

The assignment counts for 5 % of your grade. It must be handed in by 18.00 on Thursday, January 28th .

Thor Inge Fossen

Overview

To fully appreciate and understand a subject, one needs to know its historical roots. The rst assignment is therefore to research various aspects of the history of marine control systems. To do this, you must be able to obtain source material, process it, and reference it properly. In particular, you are to write a non-technical essay1 , chronicling the historical developments within a given topic. You must illustrate major historical breakthroughs, and refer to people who have made signicant contributions to the eld. The essay length must be 2-3 A4 pages. Use single spacing, 12 pt Times/Times New Roman or 11 pt Computer Modern2 . If you are using A L TEX, you may use the standard article document class.

Topics

You are required to research one specic topic among a total of three topics. The specic topic of each group will be assigned by the teaching assistant. Groups are not allowed to cooperate with each other. Do not start the assignment until you have been assigned a topic by the teaching assistant. Note that everyone are required to read the following paper: Bennet, S. (1996). A Brief History of Automatic Control. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 16(3): 17-25.
For tips on writing an essay, see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essay, especially the links at the bottom of the page. 2 A Computer Modern is the L TEX default font.
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2.1

Development of Autopilots

Autopilots have changed a lot since their inception at the beginning of the 20th century. From the early days, when they could only keep the ship heading steady, to modern versions that can perform complex turning and docking maneuvers. Focus on the work from early pioneers such as Sperry (1911) and Minorsky (1922) up to modern times. 2.1.1 Suggested Sources

The following sources will get you started : Allensworth, T. (1999). A Short History of Sperry Marine. www.sperrymarine. northropgrumman.com/Company-Information/Corporate-History/Sperry-History Bennet, S. (1984). Nicholas Minorsky and the Automatic Steering of Ships. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 4(4): 10-15. Fossen, T.I. (2002). Marine Control Systems Guidance, Navigation and Control of Ships, Rigs, and Underwater Vehicles. Marine Cybernetics. Golding, B.K. (2004). Industrial Systems for Guidance and Control of Marine Surface Vessels. Project assignment, NTNU. Roberts, G.N., Sutton, R., Zirilli, A. and Tiano, A. (2003). Intelligent Ship Autopilots A Historical Perspective. Mechatronics, 13(10): 10911103.

2.2

Development of Dynamic Positioning Systems

The rst dynamic positioning systems of the 1960s were simple, de-coupled PID controllers. Since those early days, they have progressed signicantly, incorporating such features as coupled control design and advanced wave ltering. Focus on the developments from the 1960s and onwards. 2.2.1 Suggested Sources

The following sources will get you started : Bray, D. (2003). Oileld Seamanship Series - Volume 9: Dynamic Positioning. OPL. Fay, H. Dynamic Positioning Systems Principles, Design and Applications. Editions TECHNIP. Fossen, T.I. (2002). Marine Control Systems Guidance, Navigation and Control of Ships, Rigs, and Underwater Vehicles. Marine Cybernetics.

Phillips, D.F. (1996). The Dynamic Positioning of Ships: The Problem Solved? UKACC International Conference on Control 96, vol. 2 pp. 12141219. Strand, J.P. and Srensen, A.J. (2000.) Marine Positioning Systems. In Ocean Engineering Handbook, Chapter 3, pp. 163176.

2.3

Development of Propulsion Technology

The earliest engine-powered vessels used paddle wheels rather than propellers. Since then, propulsion technology has moved via single screws and rudders to advanced propulsion methods such as water jets and azimuth thrusters. Write about this development and what it means for vessel maneuverability, power consumption, etc., and the practical applicability of the dierent propulsion methods. 2.3.1 Suggested Sources

The following sources will get you started : Fossen, T.I. (2002). Marine Control Systems Guidance, Navigation and Control of Ships, Rigs, and Underwater Vehicles. Marine Cybernetics. Golding, B.K. (2004). Industrial Systems for Guidance and Control of Marine Surface Vessels. Project assignment, NTNU. McCoy, T.J. (2002). Trends in Ship Electric Propulsion. IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, vol. 1 pp. 343346.

Information Seeking

In addition to Wikipedia, there is a vast body of quality-controlled information databases available through the Internet. NTNU subscribes to a large number of these, ensuring access for its students and employees. You must seek out your material by using, e.g., the following resources: The university library Bibsys: www.bibsys.no Google scholar: scholar.google.com IEEE Xplore: ieeexplore.ieee.org ScienceDirect: www.sciencedirect.com Additionally, you will nd a lot of useful information at www.ntnu.no/viko. Contact the teaching assistant if you have trouble obtaining some of your material. 3