Mindanao State University Iligan Institute of Technology College of Arts and Social Sciences Department of Psychology

Self-esteem Test

In partial fulfillment of the course PSYCH 101N Psychometrics / Test Construction

Submitted to: Prof. Antoinette B. Sansonsa Class Intructor

Submitted by: Marjury T. Pid Floralice Hope S. Servano

October 2011

Most people feel bad about themselves from time to time. Feelings of low self-esteem may be triggered by being treated poorly by someone else recently or in the past, or by a person's own judgments of him or herself. However, low self-esteem is a constant companion for too many people, especially those who experience depression, anxiety, phobias, psychosis, delusional thinking, or who have an illness. Yet, self-esteem can be measured. This measurement allows individuals to learn more about and/or help improve them if needed. This test was constructed solely for determining self-esteem. This Self-esteem test is composed of 25 item statements that would reflect the individuals views about oneself. Each item, then, has 2 choices stating if it is the person feelings (its me) or not (Its not me). The total number of corrects items would determine the level of self-esteem a taker has. The Test was also based by the LAB A10-6 Self-esteem Inventory (Ryden, 1978)

Theoretical Basis There is more than one theory that talks about the importance of self-esteem. In simple basis, self-esteem talks about how individual carries oneself. Self-esteem, then, determines how one was able to stand to something that one considers worth standing for and/or the other way around, meaning learning to give way to something more worthwhile than ones point. Theoretically, self-esteem, in Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, is composed and/or divided into two levels; reputation, or the lower self-esteem, and self-esteem or the higher self-esteem (1970). Reputation talks about the feelings of how others see her/him. It is the perception of the prestige, recognition or fame. Self-esteem on the other hand talks about and individuals perception about her/him. It is ones feelings of worth and confidence.

Allport (1961) on the other hand talks about self-esteem, in the growing person, as ageenhancement. He also stated that self-esteem can be both positive and negative. Positive selfesteem includes optimism, confidence while negative self-esteem includes pride, selfishness, narcissism and other behaviors and sentiments related to the exaltation of the ego. Self-esteem as defined by Erikson is needed so as not to develop feelings of inferiority. It is needed so as to give or generate projects or ideas and to collaborate and cooperate with others to produce something in the School age stage while its necessity is required so as to freely associate with people and ideas based on merit, loyalty, social and interpersonal integrity, discretion, personal standards and dignity, pride and personal identity, seeing useful personal role(s) and purpose(s) in life) (Chapman, 2011). Based on the three theorists point-of-view, self-esteem is indeed necessary for and individual to live a more fulfilling life. Yet, there is a need in determining how self-esteemed an individual is. Based on the definition of self-esteem given by the three theorists, the items in the self-esteem test were made.

Administration and Scoring The test can be administered individually or for a group. It is a questionnaire-type test wherein a questionnaire will be provided for the takers to answer. Each item would have a supposed correct answer. If the taker has answered an item correctly, basing on the provided answer key, then it adds up to the takers total score. A range of scores was also provided as to determine the self-esteem of the taker. The range is significantly above average, above average, average, below average and significantly below average. 30 minutes is the allotted time for taking the test.

The scoring of the test will be like of that of a regular examination. Total numbers of correct answers determine the self-esteem and so to have a supposed correct answer, an answer key was provided. The following numbers have a correct its me choice: 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, while the following have a correct its not me choice: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24. Correct number of items should be added up. Match up the nearest total correct items to the table below so as to determine the level of self-esteem. Total score 36 7 11 12 14 15 19 20 23 Level Significantly Low Average Low Average Average High Average Significantly High Average

Reliability and Validity We can use test-retest reliability and social desirability of this test. Test-retest is a method estimating test reliability in which a test developer or researcher gives the same test to the same group of research participants. It is also the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item and under the same conditions. Then, the social desirability it is related to social acceptance, social approval, popularity, leadership qualities, or any quality making him a socially desirable companion. Moreover, these kinds of tests are commonly used for reliability and validity method to make the test more reliable for its results.

Bibliography Allport, G. W. (1961). Pattern and Growth in Personality. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Chapman, A. (2011). A review about Erik and Joan Erikson Psychosocial Development Theory 1950-1997 from Ethical Work and Life Learning database. Website:

http://www.businessballs.com/erik_erikson_psychosocial_theory.htm. Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality (2nd Ed.). New York: Harper and Row. Ryden, M. B (1978). An Adult Version of the Coppersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Psychological Report, 43, 1189-1190.

Appendix A Self-esteem Test

Direction:

Read the following statements carefully. Check the its me column if it

describes how you usually fell or otherwise its not me column if it does not describe how you feel.

Its me ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

Its not me _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ 1. I like myself most of the time. 2. I accept myself as I am and am happy with myself. 3. I am inadequate compared with others. 4. Being myself is important. 5. I always regret. 6. Other people tend to dislike me. 7. I dont lack confidence. 8. I feel valued and needed. 9. My opinion doesnt matter to other people. 10. Its hard for me take criticism from other people. 11. Im pretty happy. 12. I generally agree with the following statement: it is impossible for me to be happy. 13. I am a happy, carefree person.

________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ ____

14. Its hard to criticize someone to their face. 15. I am pretty sure of myself. 16. Im proud of my work. 17. I wish I were someone else._ 18. I admit my mistakes openly. 19. I have a low opinion of myself. 20. I like to be with other people. 21. I often feel ashamed of myself. 22. I don't need others' approval to feel good 23. Im not as nice-looking as most people. 24. Im a failure. 25. I dont easily get discouraged.

Scoring: Add up the number of times your answers matches to the items given below. Then, determine your level self-esteem in the following table. Its me: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, Its not me: 3 5 6 9 10 12 14 17 19 21 23 24 Total score 36 7 11 12 14 15 19 20 23 Level Significantly Low Average Low Average Average High Average Significantly High Average