Grammar 1 A

Present simple Present continuous Action & Non-action verbs

When do we use present simple?

Things that are ALWAYS TRUE
The sun rises in the East The water freezes at 0C

Things that HAPPEN REGULARLY

I study English on Mondays and Wednesdays She finishes work at 4:00 pm They usually watch football matches on Sundays Where do you go on holidays?

Adverbs of frecuency and some time expressions are often used in present simple sentences

Present simple
FREQUENCY ADVERBS:
0% NEVER, ALMOST NEVER, SOMETIMES, OFTEN, USUALLY, ALWAYS 100% He usually cooks pasta You are never late

Remember:
To be+ adverbs Adverb+ rest of verbs

OTHER TIME EXPRESSIONS:

EVERYDAY, EVERY MONTH, EVERY YEAR, ON SUNDAYS, AT THE WEEKENDS ETC. Musicians sometimes work on Sundays I study English everyday

Present Simple: Affirmative (+) / Negative ()

Affirmative (+)
I work You work He/She/It works We / You / They work

Negative ()
I dont work You dont work He/She/It doesnt work We / You / They dont work

Present Simple: Questions (?)

Questions
Do I work on Sundays? Do you live here? Does he speak English? Do we/you/they like fish?

WH- Questions
What Who When Where Why How do you eat for breakfast? does he see on weekends? do they return from Italy? does he study English? dont you like cats? do you go to school?

Auxiliary+subject+infinitive

Question word+auxiliary+subject+inf

3rd person singular - spelling

1. In general, the third person singular is formed by adding an s to the base verb. work He works 2. Verbs ending in ss,x,ch,sh,o add es to the third person singular. dress She dresses fix He fixes watch She watches T.V. wash She washes go It goes ! 3. Verbs ending in consonant + y, changes the y to i and add es Consonant + y i + es: cry cries, fly flies, studystudies

When do we use PRESENT CONTINUOUS?

To talk about ACTIONS IN PROGRESS
What are you doing? Im waiting for the plumber

To talk about FUTURE PLANS AND ARRANGEMENT

Where are you flying next Sunday? Im visiting Rome

Present Continuous: BE + -ing

Affirmative (+)
I am/m waiting You are/re studying He/She/It is working We/You/They are listening

Negative ()

Im not waiting Youre not studying Hes not working Were/Youre/Theyre not listening

Present Continuous: BE + -ing

Questions?
Am I eating fish? Are you listening to me? Is he waiting for his mom? Are we/you/they/ leaving in two days?
To be+subject+verb-ing

Wh- questions?
Where Who When What How are you eating? are you listening to? is he coming? are you waiting for? are you handling the problem?

Question word+to be+subject+verb-ing

Present Continuous: Adding -ing (spelling)

1.Consonant Vowel Consonant (CVC) get/getting stop/stopping plan/planning rub/rubbing regret/regretting begin/beginning etc.
(compare to: wait/waiting, play/playing, cry/crying etc.)

2.Consonant + -e: live/living write/writing smile/smiling 3.Ends in -ie: die/dying lie/lying tie/tying

Action & Non-actions verbs

Action verbs An action verb describes an action, something that happens.
Im reading

Action verbs can be used in present simple and continuous.

I read a book every week This week, Im reading Moby Dick

Action & Non-actions verbs

Stative verbs or Non-action verbs
They describe a state. Something that is and stays the same
He seems very tired

NOT normally used in present continuos!!!

There are different types: Verbs of senses: feel, see, sound, hear, smell, taste Verbs of mental states: believe, realise, remember, know, Verbs of possession: belong, have, own, possess Verbs of feeling or emotion: like, hate, adore, love, wish, Verbs of measurement: weigh, contain, cost, measure Other verbs that express states: be, exist, seem, owe, require
She has a mobile phone Shes having a great time Shes having breakfast
Some verbs change their meaning depending if we use them in present simple or continuous.

Practice.

Present simple or continuos? 1/2

her kids to football practice.

1. Every Monday, Sally (drive) drives

2. Usually, I (work) work as a secretary at ABT, but this m studying French at a language school in Paris. summer I (study) That is why I am in Paris. 3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep) is sleeping .

4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It (rain) s raining . 5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always) always rains .

Present simple or continuos?

2/2

6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say)re saying because everybody (talk) is talking too loudly. 7. Justin (write, currently) is currently writing a book about his adventures in Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished. 8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight? Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go) m going to a movie tonight with some friends. 9. Harold Black's a famous pianist. He (give) gives concerts every week. 10. He's at his hotel now. He (have) is having dining-room. two or three

breakfast in the