Test Waves and Sound

Physics

Dr. Wansley

Fall 2008

Matching: 1. A high note and a low note differ in _______. 2. A sound wave which registers at a noise level of 150 decibels has a greater ______ than a sound wave of 60 decibels. 3. The ____ of a wave is determined by measuring the distance between two wave crests. 4. The lowest point of a transverse wave is called its _________. a. trough b. crest c. amplitude d. wavelength e. frequency Matching: 5. When a sound wave bounces off a barrier, it is ______ed. 6. The doppler effect describes the sudden drop in sound ______ as a race car passes by your seat at the Indy 500. 7. A sound wave is an example of a(n) _________ wave. 8. Ocean waves turn towards shore as they move into shallow water. 9. New technology is being used to reduce sound levels in highly automated factories. Computers are used to produce a sound wave which exactly matches the frequency and amplitude of the sound coming from the machines. However, the computer generated wave is out of phase with the machine's sound wave (i.e. the crests of the computer generated wave match the trough of the machine's wave). As a result the machines seem very quiet. This combining effect is called _________. a. reflect b. constructive interference c. transverse d. longitudinal e. pitch f. destructive interference g. refraction Multiple choice: 10 . When a longitudinal wave travels through matter, the particles of matter ____. a. do not move at all b. move back and forth but are not carried along with the wave c. move back and forth and are carried along with the wave d. spread farther and farther apart like an expanding balloon 11. The greater the number of compressions that arrive per second, the smaller is the _____ of a sound wave. a. amplitude b. wavelength c. frequency d. speed 12. A hand-made flute produces a fundamental pitch of 480 Hz . The second harmonic for this flute would have a frequency of ______ Hz. a. 880 b. 0 c. 220 d. 44 e. 960 Hz 13. The speed of sound is approximately 330 m/s. A jet plane flying at 825 m/s would be travelling at a speed of Mach _____. a. 1.5 b. 2 c. 2.5 d. 3 e. 3.5 14. When you play a single note on an instrument, the overtones that are produced combine with the fundamental frequency to ___________. a. form a musical scale b. give the instrument an unique quality c. produce beats which indicate when the instrument is tuned d. generate an interference pattern which causes lower intensity sound Matching: 15. A screaming Tweety-bird 16. Darth Vader whispering 17. Tiny bells tinkling gently 18. A loud fog horn. a. high amplitude sound wave, low frequency b. high noise level, high pitch c. quieter sound, high note d. low sound intensity, deep note Multiple choice: 19. Which of the following materials conducts sound the best? a. cold air b. water c. vacuum d. glass e. warm air 20. The fundamental frequency of a guitar string is an A note of 90 Hz. The next harmonious A note (played in the next higher octave) will have a frequency of ____. a. 140 Hz b. 45 Hz c. 180 Hz d. 130 Hz 21. Damage to your hearing begins at volumes as low as ____? a. 90 db b. 120 db c. 60 db d. 10 db e. 140db 22. A blind person can tell when an ambulance is speeding at him by hearing ____. a. decreasing volume, increasing pitch b. decreasing pitch, increasing volume c. decreasing pitch and volume d. increasing pitch and volume 23. The quality of a musical instrument's sound is a combination of ________ produced in addition to the fundamental frequency being produced by the instrument. a. undertones b. undertow c. overtones d. harmonic balance 24. An earthquake wave has a frequency of 20 Hz and a wavelength of 50 Km. How fast is the wave? a. 100 Km/s b. .4 Km/hr c. 2.6 Km/s d. 625 mi/s e. 1000 m/s f. 865 mi/s 25. The wake of a boat is moving at 3 m/s. The waves are 1.5 m apart. What is the frequency? a. 2 Hz b. 4.5 Hz c. 20 m/s d. 4.5 m/s

26. Wansley listens to National Public Radio which broadcasts at a frequency of 90 MHz. If electromagnetic energy travels at 300 000 km/s, what is the wavelength of this radio wave? a. .3 m b. 270 m c. 9.9 m d. 3.3 m e. .03 m 27. Dolphins and bats use _______ waves to locate prey by a process called _______. a. ultrasonic, echolocation b. subsonic, acoustics c. destructive, refraction d. subsonic, quality e. ultrasonic, constuctive interference Matching: Match the example with the sound-matter interactions. 28. sonar waves are used to map the bottom of the ocean or to find fish or submarines 29. curtains soak up sound in a theater so you won't hear echos 30. a fish underwater is not in the location that it appears 31. you can hear people talking behind a tree a. diffraction b. refraction c. reflection d. absorbtion Matching. 32. Plucking a bass guitar string really hard. 33. Blowing very softly on a tuba. 34. Blowing hard on a flute. 35. Blowing softly on a flute.. a. short wavelength, low amplitude c. high frequency, high amplitude

b. low frequency, low volume d. long wavelength, high volume

Multiple Choice 36. What is the frequency of a sound wave that has a speed of 330 m/s and a wavelength of 0.6 m? a. 1500 Hz b. 450 Hz c. 450 RPMs d. 510 s e. 550 cycles/s

f. 550 Hz

37. A 1.4 m long harp string produces a at 354.6 Hz note. If this is the strings 3rd harmonic, how fast is the sound moving through the string? a. 343 m/s b. 329 m/s c. 331 m/s d. 335 m/s 38. What is the period of a wheel that rotates at a rate of 2000 RPMs? a. 3.33 s b. 1.34 s c. 5.6 s d. 2.67 s e. .03 s

39. What is the speed of a C note (256 Hz) that has a wavelength of 53.1 inches? a. 337 m/s b. 345.6 m/s c. 440.5 m/s d. 343.2 m/s 40. A beat frequency of 2 Hz is produced when two guitar strings, are played next to each other. The lower pitched string produces a pitch of 156 Hz. What is the frequency produced by the higher pitched string? a. 154 Hz b. 158 Hz c. 312 Hz 41. The crests of the radio waves that strike your antennae are 3.33 meters apart. Which radio station are you listening to? (i.e. what is the stations transmission frequency?) a. 90 MHz b. 99 kHz c. 94 MHz d. 101 KHz 42. Omit
meter? A 70 Watt speaker blares at you from a distance of 25 meters. What is the intensity of sound that you experience in Watts/cubic a. 8 x 10-4 b. 8.9 x 10-3 c. 2.3 x 10-5 d. 6.4 x 10-3 What is the intensity in decibels? a. 118.4 b. 86.4 c. 91.3 d. 99.5

43. Omit

44. It takes .83 seconds for a small pendulum to complete one complete vibration as it moves back and forth in a clock. Assuming that this pace remains consistent, how frequently will the pendulum make this cycle? a. 1.2 Hz b. 4.3 cycles/s c. .33 oscillations per second d. 1.6 Hz 45. What is the fundamental frequency of a guitar string when the speed of waves on the string is 115 m/s and the string is 40 cm long? a. 144 Hz b. 212 Hz c. 86 Hz d. 520 Hz e. 112 Hz 46. Draw a transverse wave with 3 nodes. 47. Write 2 words that are synonyms for loudness.

Answers to Test 1. e 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. a 6. e 7. d 8. g 9. f 10. b 11. b 12. e 13. c 14. b 15. b 16. d 17. c 18. a 19. d 20. c 21. a 22. d 23. c 24. d 25. a 26. d 27. a 28. c 29. d 30. b 31. c 32. d 33. b 34. c 35. a 36. f 37. c 38. e 39. b 40. b 41. a 42. b 43. d 44. a 45. a