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then exported to the Middle East and elsewhere. During the Soviet era, Patrice Lumumba and the Lenin Institute both trained students in social psychology, unarmed combat and guerilla warfare. From here the students were sent to specialized training centers. Between 1968 and 1975, an estimated 2,500 terrorists and guerillas were trained there.51 Other "psychopolitics" centers include Tavistock Institute in Britain and The Frankfurt School in Germany. The world's major cause for concern was once the cold war between Soviet Russia and America. At its height, Russia was guided by individual psychiatrists who trained terrorists, and who were the guardians over the Gulags. With the fall of Soviet Russia however, the world has a new trouble spot, one that has taken that psychiatric brainwashing technology and put it to work through another brand of terrorism.
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normal social support structures, humiliates the individual so that he sees his old self as unworthy and supposedly motivates him to change. The process was later compared to those methods employed by the Chinese Communists in their attempt to inculcate [instill] Communist attitudes into their youth or into prisoners. "Changing" was defined as directing the person towards learning new attitudes, quite often through coercion. "Refreezing" was defined as "...the integration of the changed attitudes into the rest of the personality...."53 In reality, Sensitivity Training is the invalidation of the individual through the refuting, denying, degrading or discrediting of anything he considers to be a fact or a certainty-for example, a principle of moral conduct. This effectively knocks whatever props the person may have out from under him. The inevitable disorientation that follows is then used to force another person's or group's point of view or set of values onto the individual. In practice, it destroys individualism, moral judgment and personal responsibility. Sensitivity Training was later described as having been "developed to study how people could be socially and psychologically manipulated to give up their souls...."54 Today its siblings comprise more than two Reality Therapy, Group Therapy, Conflict Planned Change, Mind Set, Role Playing, Awareness Groups, Conflict Resolution, Psychology. dozen names; among them are Management, Gestalt Therapy, Human Relations Lab, Sensory Encounter Groups and Social
Social Psychology was also taught at Patrice Lumumba Center and The Lenin Institute in Soviet Russia to train guerillas and the likes of Dr. al-Abub and "The Jackal." Between 1968 and 1975, an estimated 2,500 terrorists and guerillas were trained at these centers. THE NAZIS "The Nazi doctorshad created the beginning of whathad [been] defined as a psychology of torture. It had enabled them to embrace a wide range of evils[and] finally to exist, the Nazi doctors had needed to virtually eliminate any capacity for normal human feelings; it was the only way for them to kill their victims."55 Gordon Thomas Journey into Madness, 1989 Most terrorist groups today have radical political views and hold racist positions which range from "white supremist" type views to anti-Semitism. According to one of these groups, "blacks, oriental, and other races," unlike "Aryans," do not have souls.56 However, behind some of the most significant terrorist activities there has been a psychiatric or psychological influence, whether directly in terrorist
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training, or through a racial ideology first propagated by psychiatrists. Nowhere is that more evident than in Nazi Germany from the 1930s to 1945. In 1999, German psychiatrists publicly admitted that psychiatry had spawned "eugenics" and the racial "inferiority/superiority" ideology almost three decades before the Nazis took power in 1933. Indeed, it was this ideology that turned the Nazis into mass murderers. The following is a brief history: 1895: German psychiatrist Alfred Ploetz and jurist, Karl Binding, published their theories about race inferiority in the book, The Fitness of Our Race and the Protection of the Weak. In 1909, Ploetz founded the German Society for Racial Hygiene. Ploetz's theory was that destroying unworthy life was "purely a healing treatment." 1920s: Psychiatrist Alfred Hoch's book, Permission to Destroy Life Unworthy of Life, demanded euthanasia be conducted on "mental defectives." This, and another psychiatric text, Human Genetics and Racial Hygiene, helped form the "scientific" basis for the Nazi racial purity program. According to Hoche and Binding, the acceleration of the death process is not an act of murder but "in truth a pure act of healing" and there are people who are "worthless" to society. Primary among these are the inmates of the "idiot institutes," who are "not only worthless, but of absolutely negative value." As for the "incurably dumb," "Their death will not be missed in the least except maybe in the hearts of their mother or guardian.... When we become more advanced, we will probably be saving those poor humans from themselves." 1933: The German psychiatric community's ideology of racial purity found fertile ground in the new Nazified Germany. Adolf Hitler's accession to power was a major gain. Psychiatrist Ernst Rdin's Sterilization Law was passed. 1934: The first step in psychiatry's eugenics master plan was sterilization and castration for those deemed biologically unsound. This included the mentally ill, intellectually handicapped, homosexuals and "colored" people. To "cleanse the nation of impure and undesirable elements," it is estimated that between 1934 and 1945, up to 350,000 people were sterilized. 1935: In 1935, with the enactment of the Nuremberg Laws, Jews were relegated to sub-citizens by reason of race. 1940: The first "gassing test" was conducted at Brandenburg institution; 18-20 people were exterminated while psychiatrists and staff watched. The "T4" euthanasia program was launched by German psychiatrists to further the objective of a pure German nation, and the first gas chambers were installed in mental institutions. Between 1940 and 1944, 300,000 "mental" patients were murdered by gassing, starvation or drug overdose. Others were put to more practical use. In one documented case, a single
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shipment of brains of 33 murdered children between the ages of seven and eighteen, were received at a brain research facility "in the interest of scientific development." 1941: As the final solution to the Jewish "problem" was implemented, the successful psychiatric euthanasia procedures were exported wholesale into the concentration camps and extermination camps run by the Nazi SS with eminent German psychiatrists acting as consultants. "The killing in the concentration camps went along the same lines and with the same registration forms as in the insane asylums," noted one proud German psychiatrist. 1946: Nuremberg Trials: Only four out of dozens of Nazi psychiatrists were prosecuted, most escaped justice, and many returned to psychiatric practice after the war.
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