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S PA N I A - S V E I T S - P O RT U G A L
b y g g u t e n g r e n s e r. n o
3 ARKITEKTURREISER
Spania - Sveits - Portugal
byggutengrenser.no
Forord Mur og betong er mulighetenes byggematerialer. Mange arkitekter vet utnytte dette og har skapt fascinerende byggverk. Vi har flere gode eksempler p det her i Norge. Likevel m vi reise utenlands for finne de mest spennende prosjektene. Utgiver: byggutengrenser.no Redaktr: Redaksjon: Ole H Krokstrand Trond Opstad Magne Magler Wiggen Rebekka Bondesen Vendel Maria Brandal Joakim Skajaa m.fl. Alle fotografier: Trond Opstad. (Side 37 verst: Bearth & Deplazes Architekten, Fabio Gramazio & Matthias Kohler. Fotograf: Ralph Feiner.) byggutengrenser.no, som er et interesseorgan for mur- og betongbransjen, har i rene 2006 2008 tatt med seg arkitekter og arkitektstudenter til utvalgte steder i Europa for hente inspirasjon og kunnskap. Turene, som har vrt lagt opp og guidet av sivilarkitekt MNAL Magne Magler Wiggen, har gitt oss masse, og n har vi lyst til dele vre opplevelser med langt flere gjennom denne bildeboken. Vi har ikke alltid hatt tilgang til tegninger og relevant prosjektinformasjon, men har tatt med oss dette der det var mulig. De engelske tekstene har vi stort sett hentet fra internett, og bevisst valgt ikke oversette til norsk. Hper du ogs lar deg inspirere. God tur. Ole H Krokstrand
mmw team:
Fotografier:
INNHOLD
PROSJEKT Palacio de Congresos de Valencia, Spania LHemisfric - Planetarium, Spania The Prince Felipe Science Museum, Spania The Palau de les Arts Reina Sofa, Spania Estacin de Metro Alameda, Spania L'Oceanogrfic, Spania Museo de Bellas Artes de Castelln MuVIM - Valencia Museum of the enlightenment and modernity, Spania Annex to the City Hall of Murcia, Spania The Auditori i Palau de Congressos de Castell, Spania Antonioskirche, Sveits Schaulager Laurenz Foundation, Sveits Vitra,Tyskland Haslach Schoolbuilding, Sveits Kunsthaus Bregenz, Sveits House Meuli, Sveits Gantenbein Winery, Sveits Television, Sveits Liechtenstein Kunstmuseum, Liechtenstein Neue Kantonsschule Wil, Sveits Im Birch School, Sveits Wohnberbauung, Sveits Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Headquarters, Portugal Universidade Nova De Lisboa, Portugal School of Journalism, Portugal Polytecnic Institut -School of Music, Lisbon. Portugal ARKITEKT Arkitekt: Norman Foster Arkitekt: Santiago Calatrava Arkitekt:Santiago Calatrava Arkitekt: Santiago Calatrava Arkitekt: Santiago Calatrava Arkitekt: Felix Candela Arkitekt: MANSILLA + TUON, arquitectos, Luis Moreno Mansilla og Emilio Tuon Alvrez Arkitekt: Guillermo Vzquez Consuegra Arkitekt: Jos Rafael Moneo Architects Arkitekt: Carlos Ferrater Arkitekt: Karl Moser Arkitekt: Herzog & de Meuron Ando, Gehry, Hadid, Siza, Prouve, Fuller m.fl. Arkitekt: Beat Consoni Arkitekt: Peter Zumthor Arkitekt: Bearth & Deplaces Arkitekt: Bearth & Deplazes Arkitekt: Staufer & Hasler Architekten Arkitekt: Degelo Architekten Arkitekt: Staufer & Hasler Architekten Arkitekt: Peter Mrkli Architects Arkitekt: Gmr & Steib Arkitekt: Ruy Athouguia, Pedro Cid og Alberto Pessoa Arkitekt: Aires Mateus Architects Arkitekt: jlcg arquitectos/Joo Lus Carrilho Da Graa Arkitekt: jlcg arquitectos -Joo Lus Carrilho Da Graa SIDE 4-5 6-7 8-9 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21 22-23 24-25 26-27 28-29 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 38-39 40-41 42-43 44-45 46-47 48-49 50-51 52-53 54-55 PROSJEKT Belm Cultural Center, Portugal Lisbon University, Portugal Gare Do Oriente Station, Portugal Pavilion of knowledge, Portugal Library -University of Aveiro, Portugal The Aveiro Universitys Central Building, Portugal Mecanical Engineering Department Aveiro University, Portugal Department of Geoscience Aveiro University, Portugal Tea House Boa Nova, Portugal Casa da Musica, Portugal SAAL Bouca Residents Association University of Oporto, Faculty of Architecture, Portugal Serralves Foundation Museum of Contemporary Art, Portugal ARKITEKT Arkitekt:Vittorio Gregotti & Manuel Salgado Arkitekt: Hestnes Ferreira Arkitekt:Santiago Calatrava Arkitekt: lvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Arkitekt: Goncalo Byrne Arkitekt: Adalberto Dias Arkitekt: Eduardo Souto de Moura Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Arkitekt: OMA Rem Koolhaas and Ellen van Loon Local Architect: ANC Architects/Jorge Carvalho Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira SIDE 56-57 58-59 60-61 62-63 64-65 66-67 68 69 70-71 72-73 74-75 76-77 78-79
2006
SPANIA:
Pa l a c i o d e C o n g r e s o s d e Va l e n c i a
Arkitekt: Norman Foster Bygger: 1986 Adresse: Av. Cortez Valencianas,Valencia
The Congress Centre provides three auditoria, seating 250, 460 and 1,460 people respectively.The roof consists of two layers: an outer metal shield floats above a heavy prefabricated concrete shell, encouraging a cooling flow of air in between, thus creating a passive thermal performance. The roof creates a canopy above the entrance, which provides shelter from the sun. www. fosterandpartners.com
SPANIA:
2006
LHemisfr ic - P l a n e t a r i u m
Arkitekt: Santiago Calatrava Bygger: 1998 Adresse: Ciudad de las Artes y de las Ciencas,Valencia
Den gamle bydelen i Valencia er omkranset av et uttrket elveleie som i dag har blitt til et populrt parkomrde. I denne parken har mange store arkitekter ftt utfolde seg. Blant annet har kanskje den mest utradisjonelle betongarkitekten av alle, Santiago Calatrava, hatt oppdragene med tre svrt spektakulre bygninger: Planetariet, Operaen og Vitenskapsmuseet. I tillegg har han hatt ansvaret for den nrliggende Metrostasjonen. Vi presenterer alle her.
2006
SPANIA:
Set up by the Regional Government of Valencia, the City of Arts and Sciences has become an international landmark and the symbol of Valencia's ambition to present an image to the world based on cultural tourism and dynamism. Over a 2 km axis along the former course of the River Turia, 5 main sections share their cultural purpose and give people the chance to participate in a futuristic and unique architectural complex, in large open spaces: L'Hemisfric, the Prncipe Felipe Science Museum, L'Umbracle, L'Oceanogrfic and the Palau de les Arts. This spectacular building covering over 40,000 m2 resembles a prehistoric-skeleton. www.mimoa.eu
2006
SPANIA:
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2006
SPANIA:
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2006
SPANIA:
L'Oceanogrfic
Arkitekt: Felix Candela Bygger: 2003 Adresse: Ciudad de las Artes y de las Ciencas,Valencia
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2006
SPANIA:
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2006
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2006
SPANIA:
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2006
SPANIA:
T h e A u d i t o r i i Pa l a u d e Congressos de Castell
Arkitekt: Carlos Ferrater Adresse: Av. del Lled s/n (Castelln de la Plana)
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2007
SVEITS:
Antonioskirche
Arkitekt: Karl Moser Bygger: 1925 -1927 Adresse: Kannenfeldstrasse 35, Basel Konstruksjon: plasstpt bordforskalet betong.
Antonioskirken var da den ble bygget det strste betongbygget i Sveits, og det aller frste kirkebygg i betong som vi kjenner til. Bygget har et rft, nesten industrielt preg, bde ute og inne med fine avtrykk av den uvanlig brede bordforskalingen som er benyttet. Som en kuriositet kan nevnes at da bygget ble renovert i 1981, var det viktig beholde den originale overflaten. Man tok derfor avtrykk av den eksisterende fasaden, og la inn silikonmatriser med mnsteret fra de gamle forskalingsbordene i den nye forskalingen. Deretter fikk alle utvendige vegger en 4-5 cm pstp. Det er denne overflaten vi ser i dag.
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2007
SVEITS:
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2007
TYSKLAND:
VITRA
Adresse: Charles-Eames-Strae 1, Weil am Rhein
I Weil im Rhein har mbelprodusenten Vitra et stort industriomrde. Nr de skal oppfre en ny bygning, velger de blant verdens mest anerkjente arkitekter. Derfor finner vi her arkitektoniske verker av personer som Ando, Gehry, Hadid, Siza, Prouve, Fuller etc. Hadid Ando
Siza
Hadid
Ando
Siza
Ando
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2007
SVEITS:
Haslach Schoolbuilding
Arkitekt: Beat Consoni Adresse: Au, Sveits. Bygger: 2000 Konstruksjon: Plasstpt plateforskalet eksponert lys betong.
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2007
STERRIKE:
Kunsthaus Bregenz
Arkitekt: Peter Zumthor Adresse: Karl Tizian Platz, Bregenz,Voralberg Bygger: 1997 Konstruksjon: Plasstpt plateforskalet betong bresystem, etterspente dekker og dobbel translusent glass curtain-wall.
Kunsthaus Bregenz er jevnlig beskt av arkitekter fra hele verden, ikke minst for de store, indirekte belyste salene med vegger i glatt, nrmest perfekt utstpt betong, og slipte betonggulv.
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2007
SVEITS:
House Meuli
Arkitekt: Bearth & Deplaces Adresse: Bofelweg 25, Flsch Bygger: 2001 Konstruksjon: Monolitisk struktur i plasstptbetong med skumglass. Bygget er ikke ytterligere isolert.
Denne noe uvanlige eneboligen som ligger i en typisk sveitsisk landsby omgitt av eldre, tradisjonelle hus, har ftt sin form ved utnytte maksimalt myndighetenes krav i forhold til hyde, bredde og takvinkel. Veggene er i massiv betong der tilslaget er ekspandert glass.
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2007
SVEITS:
Gantenbein Winer y
Arkitekt: Bearth & Deplazes Adresse: Flsch Bygger: 2006
Skjermveggene p denne bygningen, som skjuler store gjringstanker for rdvin, bestr av teglelementer satt sammen av en datastyrt robot. Bildene av drueklasene er laget p en datamaskin og fremkommer ved at teglsteinene plasseres og limes av roboten i relieff, som piksler i et digitalt fotografi. Dagslys siver inn gjennom de pne stussfugene og skaper et gyllent lysskjr innvendig, samtidig som pningene ogs skaper den ndvendige ventilasjon.
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2007
SVEITS:
Television
Arkitekt: Staufer & Hasler Architekten Adresse: Masanserstrasse 2, 7002 Chur Entreprisekostnad: 15.000.000 Euro Konstruksjon: Pigghamret plasstpt betong
This mighty angled structure at the entrance to Chur's old city centre, houses The local Radio e Televisiun Ramantscha (RTR) It is made of cast in place concrete and bush-hammered, exposing the Rhine gravel in the concrete. The monolithic effect of the faade has its significance: Instead of a stuck-on 'outer skin' it becomes a massive, five-storey-high, load-bearing structure, resting on only three supports towards the square and street. This static tour de force turns the heftily protruding mass into a light-footed elephant. www.mimoa.eu
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2007
LIECHTENSTEIN:
Liechtenstein Kunstmuseum
Arkitekt: Degelo Architekten Adresse: Stdtle 32, 9490 Vaduz Bygger: 2000
Veggene p denne unike bygningen er laget av kullsvart, plasstpt betong med sort tilslag og islett av hvit kvarts, og er senere blankpolert for hnd s glatt at de omliggende bygninger speiler seg i dem. Her er ikke en bevegelsesfuge og ikke et synlig riss, og skulle sledes ikke vre mulig f til, iflge betongekspertene. Men huset str der.
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2007
SVEITS:
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2007
SVEITS:
Im Birch School
Arkitekt: Peter Mrkli Architects Adresse: Margrit-Rainer-Strasse 5, Zurich Bygger: 2004 Konstruksjon: Prefabrikkert lys betong.
Peter Mrkli demonstrates that 'big' does not necessarily mean 'anonymous', but can also stand for 'dense'. This school in Zurich is quite a hunk. Even so, it fits into the scale of the former industrial district and can be taken in at a glance. Two four-storey volumes, slightly staggered, face each other. The third volume contains the gym, one of the biggest in town. There is never a feeling of monumentality. This comes from the scale of the building's volumes, for Mrkli is a master of proportion; the vertical texture of the concrete articulates all of the faades, and the uppermost strip, forming the edge of the roof, recedes slightly. This prevents the corners of the building from appearing apart from the top. www.mimoa.eu
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2007
SVEITS:
Wohnberbauung
Arkitekt: Gmr & Steib Adresse: Zurich Bygger: 2006 Konstruksjon: Betong-balkonger etablert som pne rom i forbandt.
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2008
PORTUGAL:
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2008
PORTUGAL:
U n i ve r s i d a d e N ov a D e L i s b o a
Arkitekt: Aires Mateus Architects Bygger: 1998 Adresse:Travessa Estevo Pinto, 1099-085 Lisboa
The site creates a public square of imposing scale and provides a three-dimensional expression to the entrapped territory. The program is divided into administrative offices located in a slender tower overlooking Monsanto Park and large scale foyers, meeting rooms and auditoriums are set at the base of the building, housed within a plinth that marks the difference in level between the public square and the school plateau. www.airesmateus.com
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PORTUGAL:
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2008
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The complex takes the form of a predominantly horizontal volume that links the Belm monumental district to the Belm tower on the Tagus. A series of functional blocks at right angles to the main route is connected to the contextual setting by a sequence of cross, link roads. The route creates a series of different spaces and side views onto the intersecting service routes. The main eastern faade complies with the Los Jeronimos monastery next to the site and is covered with the same stone.
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2008
PORTUGAL:
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2008
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2008
PORTUGAL:
Pavilion Of Knowledge
Arkitekt: lvaro Joaquim de Melo Siza Vieira Bygger: 1997 / 1998 Adresse: Alameda dos Oceanos, Parque das Naes, Lisboa
The design of the Portuguese Pavilion for EXPO\98 involved special difficulties that were, to a certain extent, new in this type of building. The use to which it was originally to be put demanded what was both a flagship image and, festive image, though one compatible with a subsequent urban role that had not yet been defined. The content of the exhibition area was known , but neither the resources to be employed nor the requirement in terms of the organization of the space had been decided. Alvaro Siza
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2008
PORTUGAL:
L i br a r y - U n i ve r s i t y o f Ave i ro
Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Bygger: 1995 Adresse: Campus Universitrio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro
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The structure, composed of reinforced concrete and metal elements, comprises almost all of the rough structure of the building and is modulated in function of the dimensioning of the principle compartments of the library. The structural grid employed is 8 m by 8,2 m in the central part, smaller towards the ends. The nonstructural partition walls are in hollow brick.
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T h e Ave i r o U n i ve r s i t y s C e n t r a l B u i l d i n g
Arkitekt: Goncalo Byrne Bygger:1994 Adresse: Campus Universitrio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro
2008
The Aveiro Universitys Central Building represents, spatially and functionally the act of enclosing of the constructions of the Universitys Campus. The building shall symbolize the presence of a mother house , for all the university. Effectively it will articulate internally like a micro cosmos all of the diversity of scope and activities, however, it has a common sense and a complementary nexus that should show in the building and its diverse spaces. The service spaces (monumental atrium, impluvium atrium, street, corridors and galleries, or even the Reitorias elevated garden) are understood in continuity of the exterior spaces transporting to the interior, of the building that same sense of urban micro city , interiorised, where the diversity of environments have a fundamental importance.
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2008
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2008
PORTUGAL:
Te a H o u s e B o a N ov a
Arkitekt: Alvaro Siza Vieira Bygger: 1963 Adresse: Avenida da Liberdade, Lea da Palmeira
The responsibility for building on a noted site frequently visited for its beauty, in an unusual place, meant that where to place the building had to be decided with great care, so that once it was there it would not be possible to imagine its not being there. It was not a case of imagining however but of understanding. It also offered us the opportunity to design an environment as a whole. The accesses, designed later (the initial idea was to retain the existing access path, which required a long walk for the car park), are now less sensitive to the irregularity of the site. They are superimposed on the site, adapting to it, but they are not formally defined along the irregularities, as happens, I feel, with the restaurant. Porto, 26 January 1967. In Alvaro Siza Writings on Architecture , edited by Antonio Angelillo, Skira, Milan, 1997
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2008
PORTUGAL:
Casa da Musica
Arkitekt: OMA Rem Koolhaas and Ellen van Loon Local Architect: ANC Architects/Jorge Carvalho Bygger: 2005 Adresse: Av da Boavista 604-610, Porto 4149-071
After Porto was selected as one of the two cultural capitals of Europe in 2001, an international competition started, for a new concert hall to be positioned in the historical centre. The shape directly derived from programmatic-piling-up. Two shoe-box concert halls were piled first, the other public programs were added onto the shoe-boxes and the remaining spaces between the public functions were filled up with secondary serving spaces. A continuous route connects all functions and remaining spaces by stairs, platforms and escalators: the building becomes an architectural adventure. The loop creates the possibility to use it for festivals with simultaneous performances. http://www.mimoa.eu/
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2008
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2008
PORTUGAL:
The School of Architecture of Porto articulates along the limits of an ancient farm right next to the Douro river, creating a wide central space, like an interior square, surrounded by the built volumes. This intervention reveals a lot of sensibility with the surroundings, in communication with the river and the sea. Stairs and ramps distribute the various accesses to the different levels and functional zones. The apparent fragmentation of the build volumes, visible on the project drawings, recovers its continuity in the circulation at the inferior level. The building is integrated within the sector of the university designated as Polo3. The built volume corresponds to two wings of buildings and converges to the West, clearly defining the principal access to the treangular campus that constitutes the heart of the installations. http://www.mimoa.eu/
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2008
PORTUGAL:
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