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What is an ionic bond? a positively charged ion is attracted to a negatively charged ion

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Cation is a positive charge ion and anion is a negative charge ion Know 3 properties of ionic compounds No charge High melting point ionic bonding is strong Brittle strong but easy to break Many dissolve in water, separating cation and anion [a conductor of electricity] Molten ionic compound is a good conductor of electricity

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What is the octet rule? Cation must lose electron and anion must gain electron to make it like noble gas What is the octet rule? A rule that states atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of valence electron.

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What is a molecule? a group of atoms that are united by covalent bond What is a covalent bond? bond formed by shared pair of electrons between two atoms

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How do you know if something is polar covalent, non-polar covalent or ionic compound? the differences of electronegativity: 0.4 [nonpolar]; 0.4~2.0 [polar] 2.0 [ionic bond]
What are the 3 exceptions to the octet rule? BF3 CAN HAVE LESS can have less electron P and S can have more than 8 electrons Molecules with odd number electrons [e.g. NO]

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10. Know how to name molecular compounds names of molecular compounds include prefixes that indicate the number of atoms in the molecule

11. Know how to name acids the name of an acid is usually derived from the name of its anion. For acids in which the anion ends with ide, the name of the acid begins with the prefix hidro-. The acids name also includes the root name of the anoin and the word acid. Must change the -ide to ic. Other acids are named without the prefix hydro-. For instance, he acid with the formula HNO3 derives its name from the NO3- anion, which is nitrate ion. HNO3 is named nitric acid. 12. What is the VSEPR theory? A theory that states that in a small molecule, the pairs of valence electrons are arranged as far apart from each other as possible. 13. 5 shapes and angles Linear: 180

Trigonal planar: 120 Tetrahedron: 109.5 Pyramidal: 107 Bent: 105 14. Know what sp, sp2 and sp3 hybrid orbital are and how to tell which one is used in a molecule sp: CO2 sp2: BCl3 or BF3 sp3: CCl4, NH3, H2O 15. Know when bond length is long or short

long: either when electronegativity is weak or balanced. short: when electronegativity is strong. Moving down a group of the periodic table, the atoms form longer bonds. Multiple bonds are shorter than single bonds.
16. Know if something is polar or not The shape of the molecule and the polarity of its bonds together determine whether the molecule is polar or not.