ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT B.Tech.

ELECTRICAL Course of Study & Scheme of Examination Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (Deemed University)EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL (Deemed University) COURSE OF STUDY AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION (proposed w.e.f. July 2006) B.Tech. (ELECTRICAL) I-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P PHY-101 Physics I 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 3 CHM-101 Engg. Chemistry I 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 3 MTH-101 Mathematics I 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 3

C-101 Environment Engg. 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 3 HUM-101 Communication Skill 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 3 M-101 Engg. Graphics - 4 1 3 - 4 4 PHY-141 Physics Lab - - 3 - - - - 3 3 CHM-141 Engg. Chemistry Lab - - 3 - - - - 3 3 M-141 Workshop Practice 3 33

Total 15 9 9 6 - 15 9 9 33 II-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P PHY-151 Physics II 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4 CHM-151 Engg. Chemistry II 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4 MTH-151 Mathematics II 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4 CSE-151 Computer Programming 31 1331-4

E-151 Basic Electrical & Electronics Engg. 31 1331-4 C-151 Basic Civil & Mech 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4 CS-191 Computer Programming Lab. 2 22

E-191 Electrical & Electronics Engg.Lab 2 22 22

C-191 Civil Engg. Lab. 2

M-191 Mechanical Engg. Lab. - - 2 - - - - 2 2 E-199 General Proficiency 44

Total 18 6 8 6 - 18 6 12 36EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 III-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits

L T P No. Hrs. L T P MTH-202 Maths III 3 1 1 3 3 1 4 M-221 Prime Movers 3 1 1 3 3 1 4 E-201 Engineering Graphics 1 3 1 3 1 3 4 E-202 Electrical Measurement 31 1331 4 E-203 Networks 3 1 1 3 3 1 4 E-204 Electromechanical Energy Conversion I 31 1331 4 E-241 Lab ( Networks & Electrical Measurement ) --4----44 E-242 Lab(Electromechanical Energy Conversion I) --6----44 Total 16 08 10 16 8 8 32 IV-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration

of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P MTH-251 Numerical Methods & Computer Applications 31 1331 4 HUM-251 Engg. Economics and Business Organization 31 1331 4 CSE-271 Computer Arch. 3 1 1 3 3 1 4 E-251 Electromechanical Energy Conversion II 31 1331 4 E-252 Electronics I 3 1 1 3 3 1 4 E-253 Elect. Materials & Electromagnetic Fields 31 1331 4 E-291 Lab (Electromechanical Energy Conversion II ) --4----44 E-292 Lab (Electronics I ) - - 4 - - - - 4 4 E-299 General Proficiency 44

Total 18 04 10 18 6 8 36EED BOS meeting, 24

th Jan 2008 V-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P HUM-302 Industrial Management 3 - - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-301 Generation of Electrical Power 3--1331-4 E-302 Elect. M/C Design 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-303 Power Electronics 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-304 Electronics II 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-305 Electromechanical Energy Conversion III 31-1331-4

E-341 Lab (Electronics & Power Electronics) --4----24 E-342 Lab (Electromechanical Energy Conversion III ) --4----34 Total 18 04 8 18 2 5 32 VI-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P E-351 Instrumentation 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-352 Linear Control System 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-353 Microprocessors 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-354 Power System I 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-355 Utilization of Elect. Energy

31-1331-4 E-391 Lab (Instrumentation & Microprocessors --4--- 44 E-392 Lab ( Control ) - - 4 - - - 4 4 E-398 Minor Project & Seminar 24 246 E-399 General Proficiency 44

Total 15 04 12 15 7 16 38EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 VII-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P

E-401 Power System II 3 1 - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-402 Modern Control System 31-1331-4 E-403 EHV AC & DC Transmission 31-1331-4 E-411419 Elective I 3 - - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-421429 Elective II 3 - - 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-441 Lab ( Power & Control System ) --4----44 E-448 Major Project / Seminar -26---268 E-449 Educational Tour & Training -------22 Total 15 5 10 5 15 7 12 34 Elective I : (i) Computer Applications in Power System (ii) Artificial Intelligence (iii) Communication Engineering (iv) Software Engineering (v) Electrical Installation, Commissioning & Maintenance

Elective II : (i) Power Quality (ii) Energy Conservation & Management (iii) System Engineering (iv) Embedded Systems (v) Project Management VIII-SEMESTER Course No. Subject Scheme of studies periods per week No. & duration of Theory papers Credits Total Credits L T P No. Hrs. L T P E-451 Power System Control & Stability 31 1331-4 E-452 Electrical Drives 3 1 3 1 - 4 E-461469 Elective III 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4 E-471479 Elective IV 3 1 1 3 3 1 - 4

E-498 Major Project & Seminar - 2 12 - - - 2 12 14 E-499 General Proficiency - - - 4 4.0 Total 12 6 18 12 6 16 34 Elective III : (i) Power Controllers (ii) Digital Signal Processing (iii) Bio Engineering (iv) Electric Transportation & Control Elective IV : (i) Advanced Microprocessors (ii) Intellectual Property Rights (iii) Power System Deregulation (iv) Entrepreneurship Development (v) Non-conventional Energy Sources EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 BASIC ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Subject Code: E-151 UNIT I DC Circuits - Voltage & Current sources, Loop and Nodal equations, Superposition theorem, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, StarDelta transformations. Fundamentals of magnetic circuits. UNIT II Fundamentals of AC Circuits- Average value, RMS value, form factor, crest factor, AC power and power factor, phasor representation of sinusoidal quantities. Simple series, parallel & series-parallel circuits containing R-L, R-C, R-L-C parameters. Active, Apparent & Reactive power, Resonance in series & parallel circuits. UNIT III Transformers -Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, Lenz's law, statically and dynamically induced EMF, Working principle & Basic constructional features of Transformer, different types, O.C. and S.C. tests of transformer, equivalent circuit and

vector diagram, losses, efficiency and regulation, autotransformer UNIT IV Introduction to Rotating Electrical Machines: Constructional features of rotating electrical machines. Concepts of general terms pertaining to rotating electrical machines. Generated E.M.F full pitched & short pitched coil. Losses & Efficiency. UNIT V Introduction to Electronic Components and Circuits : V-I characteristics of diodes, diode parameters, equivalent circuits, rectifiers, derivation for rectifier efficiency, ripple factor. Transistor Circuits-Principle of operation of transistors, Input/output & transfer characteristics of BJT, Common Emitter, Common Base, Common Collector Transistor configurations. Reference Books: 1. Electrical Machines - Fitzerald Kingsley 2. Electrical Technology - H.Cotton

3. Fundamentals of Electrical Technology - Del Toro 4. Electrical Circuits - Schaum series - Dr. P.S. Bimbhra

5. Electrical Machinery

6. Basic Electrical Engineering. - V.N.Mittle & Arvind Mittal 7. Electronics Devices 8. Electronics Principles - Millman & Halkias - A.P.Malvino

9. Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory Boylstead & Nashelsky 10. Numerical problems on Electric Machines - Parker & Smith EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Subject Code: E-201 UNIT-I Introduction to general purpose graphics software, AutoCAD, plotting techniques, coordinate systems, line drawings, polygon and circle generation, drawing entity commands of computer drafting. Sectional and dimensional drawing using computer. UNIT-II Conventional Symbols and brief introduction to electrical equipments and electronic devices, measuring instruments, parts of MI and MC instruments. Sketches of transmission line structures, types of towers, insulating equipments, single line diagram of power substation. UNIT-III Sectional drawing of different types of Cables, overhead conductors, wiring systems, domestic, staircase and godown wiring, wiring installation in small residences. UNIT-IV Mounting and types of enclosures for electric motors , types of transformer and their parts, core construction, sectional view of 1-phase and 3-phase transformers, H.T and L.T windings. DC machine and its parts, construction of pole, yoke and field coils, commutator and its details. UNIT-V Estimating : Electrical schedules, Catalogues, Recording of estimates, Determination of required quantity of material, Determination of cost of material and labour, Contingencies, Overhead charges, Reference Books: 1. Electrical Drawing -K.L.Narang

2. Engineering Drawing

- N.D.Bhatt

3. Engineering Drawing with AutoCAD - T.Jayapoorva 4. Electrical Engineering Drawing (Part I & II) - Surjit singh 5. Electrical Installation Estimating & Costing J.B.Gupta 6. Electrical Installation Estimating & Costing Uppal EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT Subject Code: E-202

UNIT I Indicating Instruments - Basic elements of instrumentation, purpose of instrumentation, Sources of errors, their effects and analysis. Different methods of producing deflecting, controlling and damping torques. Torque equations, principle and operation of ammeters, voltmeters and wattmeters, moving iron and moving coil, dynamometer. Induction & electrostatic type of instruments. Extension of instrument range.

UNIT II Detectors And Potentiometers -Theory and operation of ballistic , DArsonval, vibration and spot galvanometers, flux meter, standard d.c. & a.c. potentiometers, construction and application of polar and coordinate type potentiometers.

UNIT III Measurement of Phase and Frequency -Power frequency meters; vibrating reed and resonance types frequency meters. Ohm-meters, Megger and Ratio meters, CRO.

UNIT IV Measurement of Energy- A.C. single phase and poly-phase induction type energy meters, errors in & methods of minimization, testing of energy meters by direct and phantom loading, maximum demand indicator, tri-vector meter, static energy meters.

UNIT V Magnetic Measurements -B-H curve, determination of hysteresis loop by method of reversals and point by point method, permeameters, Lloyd -Fischer square for measurement of Iron losses. Reference Books : 1. Electrical Measurement & Measuring Instruments - E.W.Golding 2. Electrical Measurement - A.K.Sawhney, Dhanpat Rai & Sons Publication 3. A Course in Electronic and Electrical Measurements & Instrumentation - J.B.Gupta 4. Electrical Measurment & Measuring Instruments Suryanarayan 5. Electrical & Electronics Measurement & Instrumentation Umesh Sinha 6. Basic Electrical Measurement M.B.Stout EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 NETWORKS Subject Code: E-203

UNIT I Circuit Concept RLC parameters, Independent and dependent sources, source transformation, voltage/current relationship for individual element, mutual inductance and

coupled circuits. Network Topology : Graph, Tree, Co-tree, incidence matrix, reduced incidence matrix, tieset, cut-set, loop impedance matrix, node admittance matrix, branch impedance/admittance matrix, formulation of equilibrium equation based on loop/node basis, duality.

UNIT II Steady State Analysis - Step function response to RL, RC and RLC network and concept of time constant. Initial conditions in networks. Laplace transform method, basic theorems of Laplace transform. Waveform synthesis . Transform of pulse and periodic functions.

UNIT III Transient Analysis-Poles & zeros of transfer function, one and two port networks, various two port network parameters, Interconnections of two port network, Network theorems : Superposition, Millman, Thevenins, Nortons & Maximum power transfer theorems.

UNIT IV Frequency Domain Analysis - Sinusoidal steady state analysis, phasors and phasor diagram, Fourier series, expansion of Fourier series, phase and amplitude spectrum, exponential form, Fourier integral & transforms. Relationship between Laplace & Fourier transforms.

UNIT V Introduction to network synthesis. Driving point & transfer impedance, Positive real function and Hurwitz polynomial. Foster form & Cauer form of RC, RL & LC networks. Conditions for realizing an immittance function of passive elements. Reference Books: 1. Network Analysis - Van Valkenberg

2. Network Analysis and Synthesis - Pankaj Swarnkar 3. Engineering Network Analysis & Filter Design Gopal G. Bhise et. al. 4. Network Synthesis Van Valkenberg

5. Network Analysis and Synthesis - Kuo 6. Network Theory th Jan 2008 ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION-I Subject Code: E-204 UNIT I Introduction, Energy in electromagnetic system, Flow of energy in electromechanical devices, Energy in magnetic field and co-energy, Dynamics of electromechanical system, Singly excited systems, Torque and emf equations. UNIT II D.C. Generators-Emf equations, Armature windings, Armature reaction, Armature MMF, Interpoles and compensating windings, commutation, characteristics of D.C. generators. UNIT III DC motors- Torque equation, characteristics, Starting of D.C. motors, speed control of D.C. shunt motor, braking of D.C. motors, Losses & Efficiency of D.C. machine, Testing of D.C. machine. UNIT IV Polyphase circuits : Advantages in favour of polyphase circuits, Generation of three phase emf, phase sequence, connection of three-phase winding, line and phase quantities in starconnected circuit, line and phase quantities in delta-connected system, power in three-phase systems with balanced load. UNIT V - Roy Choudhary EED BOS meeting, 24

Transformer review, transformer tests : polarity test, Sumpners test, Three phase transformers vector group, 3 to 2 and 6 phase conversion. Three phase bank of single phase transformers, parallel operations of 1 & 3 phase transformers, load division between transformers in parallel. Reference Books: 1. Electrical Machines - P.S.Bhimbra 2. Performance & design of A.C. Machines - M.G. Say 3. Electrical Machines - Fitzerald Kingsley Otmans 4. Electrical Machines - Nagrath & Kothari - V.N.Mittle & A.Mittal EED BOS meeting, 24

5. Basic Electrical Engineering th Jan 2008

ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION-II Subject Code: E-251 UNIT I 3-phase Induction Machines -Constructional features, classification, Production of rotating magnetic field, working principle phasor diagram, equivalent circuit, slip, rotor e.m.f., current, torque and power equations, torque-slip characteristics, No-load and blocked rotor test, condition for maximum torque and maximum power, efficiency, performance by circle diagram. UNIT II Starting & speed control of Induction Machines (with & without emf injection in the rotor ckt.), deep bar & double cage induction motors, cogging and crawling, operation under unbalanced supply, induction generator. UNIT III

Synchronous Generators- Constructional features, armature windings, e.m.f. equation, winding coefficients, distribution factor, pitch factor, harmonics in the induced e.m.f., armature reaction, OC & SC tests, voltage regulation : synchronous impedance method, m.m.f. method, potiers triangle method & ASA method, parallel operation, operation on infinite bus. UNIT IV Synchronous Machine II-Two reaction theory, power expressions for cylindrical and salient pole machines, OCC & SC characteristics. Synchronous motor : Principle of operation, starting methods, phasor diagram, torque angle characteristics, V-curves, power factor control of synchronous motor, hunting & damping, synchronous condenser, determination of xd and xq by slip test. UNIT V Single Phase Induction Motor -Double revolving field theory, equivalent circuit, no load & block rotor tests, starting methods. AC Commutator motors :Emf induced in commutator windings, single phase AC motors. Reference Books : 1. Electrical Machines - P.S.Bhimbra 2. Performance & design of A.C. Machines - M.G. Say 3. Electrical Machines - Fitzerald Kingsley 4. Electrical Machines - Nagrath & Kothari

EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRONICS-I Subject Code : E-252

UNIT I Special Purpose Diodes- Diode Applications, Clipping, Clamping circuits, Voltage doublers, Shunt, Series & Zener voltage regulators, photodiode, LED, tunnel diode, Varactor diode, pin diode. UNIT II Transistor Biasing -Purpose of biasing, dc operating point, dc load line, different biasing techniques Base bias, Emitter bias, Voltage divider bias, Collector feedback bias, Thermal Runaway, Thermal stability. UNIT III Small Signal Amplifiers- Transistor as an amplifier, classification of amplifiers, load line, dc equivalent circuit, operating point, RC coupled CE-amplifier, coupling and bypass capacitors, ac equivalent circuits, ac load line, graphical analysis, current, voltage & power gain, input and output impedance, analysis using h-parameters, frequency response, cascading. UNIT IV Transistor hybrid model at low frequency, analysis of transistor amplifier and its frequency response, emitter follower at low frequency, cascading, transistor hybrid model at high frequency. Analysis of transistor amplifier at high frequency, miller theorem, Gain band width product. UNIT V FET & MOSFET- The JFET, pinch off voltage, JFET V-I characteristics, FET small signal model, depletion mode MOSFET, enhancement mode MOSFET, low frequency common source and common drain amplifiers, FET biasing, FET as a voltage variable resistor. The common source and common drain amplifier at high frequencies, MOSFET as a switch, MOSFET driver circuits.

Reference Books: 1. Electronic Devices Millman & Halkias

2. Electronics Principles A.P.Malvino 3. Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory Boylstead & Nashelsky 4. Electronic Devices David Bell

5. Electronic Devices & Circuits Allen Mottershed EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL MATERIALS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (EM & EF) Subject Code: E-253 UNIT I Electrostatic Fields -Coulombs law, units, electric field intensity, electric flux density, Gausss Law, boundary relations, physical concepts of divergence, gradient and curl. Electric potentials. Electric field in dielectrics and conductors, capacitance, continuity equation, Poissons and Laplaces equations. Point form of ohms law, concept of vector & scalar fields. UNIT II Magnetic Fields - BoitSavart Law, Magnetic field due to steady currents, force between current carrying elements, Stokes theorem, vector potential, Amperes circuital law. Torque on current loops. UNIT III Maxwells Equations and EM Waves Maxwells equations in various forms, Time varying field, wave equations, Propagation of waves, skin depth, Poynting Theorem.

UNIT IV Insulating & Dielectric Materials - Properties of insulating materials (electrical, mechanical, thermal & chemical), classification of insulating materials, fibrous insulating materials (wood, paper, cardboard, insulating textiles, asbestos, mica, glass, pressboard etc.), insulating varnishes, coolanised electrical machinery, mineral oils, properties and applications of mineral oils.

UNIT V A) Conducting Materials :Properties of conductors (electrical and mechanical) characteristic of good conductor materials, properties of copper, aluminium, silver and tungsten, comparison of copper and aluminium as conductor, properties and applications of important conductor material (tungsten, carbon, nichrome, manganin, eureka, platinum) superconductivity. B) Magnetic Materials: Electron spin and its influence on the properties of materials. Basic concepts and definitions, dia, para, ferro, anti ferro, ferri magnetism, Curie Temperature, Hysterisis and its significance, soft and hard magnetic materials, high permeability steels, ferrites, silicon steel, their properties and uses. Reference Books : 1. Electromagnetic field - William & Haytt 2. Electromagnetics - J.D. Krous 3. Electromagnetics Jorden 4. Electromagnetic field _ Joseph Edminister,Schaum's series

5. Electrical Engineering Material Decker 6. Electrical Engineering Material C.S. Indulkar 7. Electrical Engineering Material - TTTI, Madras EED BOS meeting, 24

th Jan 2008 GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER Sub. Code: E-301 UNIT-I General discussion on various types of conventional & non-conventional power generation, power sector reforms, ecological aspects of Power Generation Hydro-Electric Stations-Choice of site, arrangement of hydroelectric installations, Hydrology, Mass curve, flow duration curve, water storage, classification of hydro electric plants, pumped storage plants, operating cost of hydroelectric station, tidal power generation, mini-micro hydro power stations. UNIT-II Thermal Power Stations : Choice of coal fired station site, arrangement of plant and principal auxiliaries, coal handling plant, Ash handling plant, heat recovery equipments, main electrical equipments, instrumentation, speed governor. Operating cost. Diesel and Gas Power plants. UNIT-III Nuclear Power Stations-Nuclear Physics, Atomic energy fuels, moderator materials, fissile and fertile materials. Fission & Fusion reactions, Choice of site, types of reactors, principal parts of nuclear power plant, operation and control of reactors. Comparison of various Power Plants.

UNIT-IV Economic Aspects of Power Plant Operation-Fixed charges, interest and depreciation charges, methods of depreciation, straight line and sinking fund methods, different

tariffs, effect of load factor, demand and diversity factors, power factor improvement by static and synchronous capacitors, power factor improvement, Active and reactive power control. UNIT-V Economic Scheduling of Power Stations-Economic operation of power systems, criteria for loading of power plants with and without transmission loss. Iterative methods to solve coordination equations, Load dispatching in power system cogeneration, Base & peak load operation, Hydro thermal coordination, Methods for computing the generation scheduling in combined hydro thermal system. Reference Books: 1. Generation of Electrical Energy B.R. Gupta 2. Non-conventional Energy Sources G.D. Rai 3. Elements of power station design M.V.Deshpande 4. Economic Load Dispatching - L. R. Kirchmare EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN Subject Code: E-302 UNIT-I General concepts & considerations of electrical machine design: Factors affecting design and limitations, typical problems giving insight of machine design, nameplate specifications of electrical machines. Heat generation in electrical machines, modes of heat dissipation, Equations for temperature rise in electrical machines under steady state conditions. Heating and cooling

time constants, ratings of machine, significance of rating of the design aspects, types of enclosures and their effect on design. Insulation classes & materials. UNIT-II D.C.Machine: Laws of magnetic circuit, magnetization curves, Calculation of magnetic circuit for a D.C. Machine (air gap irregularities, M.M.F. of tooth section etc.), output equation, calculation of main dimensions, design of armature winding. UNIT-III Transformer: Features regarding construction of transformer, choice of flux densities for yoke and core, current density, window space factor etc., determination of the main dimensions of the magnetic frame, design of low and high voltage windings, insulation details, calculation of resistance and leakage reactance. Performance calculations relating to design. UNIT-IV 3- Induction Motor: Main dimensions of the stator, Design of stator winding, Stator core, length of air gap, squirrel cage rotor, wound rotor. Performance calculations relating to design. UNIT-V Synchronous Machines: Main dimensions of the stator, short circuit ratio, length of air gap, Design of stator winding, stator core, field system for salient pole alternator. Introduction to computer aided design. Reference Books: 1. Design of DC Machines : By Clayton 2. Performance and Design of A.C.Machines : By M.G.Say 3. Synchronous machine design : By G.C.Jain 4. Computer aided design : By Say & Sinha

5. Performance & Design of Electrical Machines:By V.N.Mittle & A.Mittal 6. Design of Electrical Machines: By A.K.Sawhney EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 POWER ELECTRONICS Subject code: E-303 UNIT I Basic concepts of construction, ratings of SCR, diac, triac, Static V-I characteristics, gate characteristics, ratings, protection of SCR, turn on and turn off methods, series and parallel operation of SCRs, switching devices like power transistors, MOSFET, GTO, IGBT etc. UNIT II Converter circuits: Single phase half wave, full wave, half controlled and fully controlled converter with resistive and inductive loads, concept of feedback diode, three phase half wave & full wave converters, effect of source inductance. UNIT III Principle of operation of chopper, types of choppers (single, two and four quadrant choppers), various commutation methods, voltage commutated chopper and current commutated choppers, Principle of cycloconverter operation, single phase to single phase cycloconverter circuit. UNIT IV Voltage & current source inverters, single phase half bridge and full bridge inverter with resistive load and inductive load, concept of feed back diode, three phase bridge inverters. Basics of PWM inverters. UNIT V

Basic concepts of control circuit, synchronization circuit, isolation circuit. Basic triggering circuits for converters, choppers, and inverters. Microprocessor/ Microcomputer based control circuit. Reference Books: 1. Power Electronics - C.Y.Lander 2. Power Controller - G.K.Dubey, Doradla, Joshi & Sinha 3. Power Electronics - M.H. Rashid 4. Power Electronics P.S.Bhimbra EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRONICS-II Subject code: E-304

UNIT I The differential amplifier, two input characteristics, AC analysis of a differential amplifier output offset voltage, common mode gain, different characteristics, definition of terms of operational Amplifier and its applications-opamp as zero crossing detector, inverter, summer, integrator, differentiator, comparator, instrumentation amplifier, current to voltage and voltage to current converter.

UNIT II Feed back concept, general characteristics of negative feed back amplifiers, input resistance, output resistance, Effect of feedback on amplifier bandwidth. Properties of feed back amplifier, topologies voltage series current series, voltage shunt and current

shunt, Wien bridge oscillator RC phase shift, Hartley and Colpitt oscillator, 555 timer. UNIT III Large signal amplifiers class A, class B and basic idea of push pull action, distortion, the current mirror, Power relations, darlington and complementary pairs. UNIT IV Boolean algebra, theorems, minterms & maxterms, truth tables, Karnaugh mappings, sum of products & product of sums, logic gates, AND, OR, NAND, NOR & Exclusive OR. Half Adder, Full Adder, Multiplexer, Demultiplexer. UNIT V Multivibrators Astable, Bistable and Mono stable multivibrator. Flip flops, SR, JK, D Master slave, Application of flip-flop as counters, Registers, Sequence generators. Reference Books: 1. Electronic Devices & Circuits - Millman & Halkies 2. Electronics Principles - A. P. Malvino 3. Electronic Circuit Discrete and Integrated - Donald L. Schilling and Charles Belove 4. OPAMP & Linear Integrated Circuits - Ramakant A. Gayakwad 5. Digital Electronics - William H.Gothmann - Boylstad & Nashelsky EED BOS meeting, 24

6. Electric Devices & Circuit Theory th Jan 2008

ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION-III Subject Code : E-305

UNIT I

Basis for development of generalized approach for analysis of electrical machines, Krons primitive machines, concepts of rotational & transformer voltages, concept of pseudo stationary coils, voltage and flux linkages, equation of electrical machine based on coupled circuits approach, expressions for self and mutual inductance of various windings with respect to rotor position, Parks & inverse Parks transformations and their physical significance, expressions for flux linkages in terms of parks variables, transformed impedance matrix. UNIT II Formation and development of steady state equations based on a generalized approach for DC machine, Steady state behavior of DC machine, interconnection of machines, generalized model for different types of DC machines, transfer function of DC machines.

UNIT III Basic synchronous machine parameters and generalized model of 3-phase synchronous machine (with & without damping machine), balanced steady state analysis and power angle characteristics, transient analysis, sudden reactive loading & unloading, sudden 3phase short circuit of synchronous machine, reactances & time constants from Oscillogram.

UNIT IV Development of generalized model for 3-phase induction machine, performance equation & steady state analysis, analysis of equivalent circuit, transient analysis by using generalized theory, effect of voltage & frequency variations on the induction motor performance, operation of I.M. on unbalanced supply voltage. UNIT V

Constructional features, working principle and analysis of Single Phase Series motor, Stepper motor, Linear Induction Motor, Hysteresis motor, Universal Motor and Reluctance motor. AC & DC servo motors, brushless DC motor, Scherage motor, repulsion motor. Reference Books: 1. Generalised Theory of Electrical Machines -P.S.Bhimbra 2. Electrical Machines 3. Electrical Machines 4. Electrical Machines th Jan 2008 INSTRUMENTATION Subject Code : E-351 - P.S.Bhimbra - P.S.Nagrath and D.P.Kothari - Fitzerald KingsleyEED BOS meeting, 24

UNIT I TRANSDUCERS Classification, selection of transducers, Resistance, inductance and capacitance type of transducers, measurement of displacement, strain, force, liquid level, pressure, velocity and acceleration. Introduction to Biomedical Instrumentation and Sensors. UNIT II D.C. & A.C. BRIDGES Measurement of low, medium, and high resistance. A.C. Bridges, Measurement of inductance and capacitance, R.L.C. Measurement, Wagner's earthing device, De-Sauty's, Maxwell's, Anderson's, Schering and Campbells bridges, Q & D measurements, errors in bridge measurements. UNIT III INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS Potential and current transformers, Phase Angle and Ratio errors, testing of instrument transformers, Ratio meter, construction and design considerations. Application of CTs

and PTs for relays. UNIT IV ELECTRONIC & DIGITAL METERS Hall effect devices, Rectifier instruments, electronic voltmeter, differential voltmeters, multimeters, display devices, U-V and X-Y Recorders, Digital meters. UNIT V DATA TRANSMISSION AND TELEMETRY Methods of Data transmission, General telemetry systems, DC and AC telemetry system. Modulation, Pulse telemetry systems, Digital telemetry, Remote metering. Reference Books : 1. Electrical Measurement & Measuring Instruments - E.W.Golding 2. Electrical Measurement - A.K.Sawhney 3. A Course in Electronic and Electrical Measurements & Instrumentation - J.B.Gupta 4. Biomedical Instrumentation - Khandpur EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEM Sub. Code : E-352 UNIT-I CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND TRANSFER FUNCTION System concept, open loop and closed loop systems, mathematical modeling of mechanical and electrical systems, Transfer function of linear systems, Block diagram representation, and reduction techniques. Signal flow graph. Masons gain formula, system components, potentiometer, tachogenerator, a.c. and d.c. servomotors, synchros, stepper motor. UNIT-II TIME RESPONSE Time response of first, second and higher order systems to impulse, step and ramp

inputs, Time response specifications, types of systems, steady state error and error constants. Basic control action and automatic controllers, Effect of P,I, D,PI,PD and PID controllers on system performance. UNIT-III STABILITY ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS : Concept of stability, necessary condition for stability, absolute and relative stability, Routh Hurwitz criterion, Construction of Root loci and its application, Stability analysis of electrical systems. UNIT-IV FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS : Correlation between time and frequency response, frequency domain analysis, Bode plot, Gain Margin, Phase Margin, Polar plot, Nyquist Criterion, effect of feed back on frequency domain analysis, constant M circle, N circle. UNIT-V DESIGN AND COMPENSATION Design consideration of control system, lead, lag, lead-lag compensation, Design of compensating network using bode plots and root locus. Reference Books : 1. Linear control system - Prof. B.S.Manke 2. Automatic control system B.C.Kuo 3. Modern control system Nagrath Gopal 4. Automatic Control Systems - Pankaj Swarnkar EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 MICROPROCESSORS Subject Code: E-353 UNIT I Evolution and overview of Microprocessor, micro computer organization.

Microprocessor Architecture - introduction and pin diagram of 8085, ALU timing and control unit, registers, data and address bus, timing and control signals, fetch and execute operations, instruction and data flow, system timing diagram, minimum system configuration for 8085. UNIT II Instruction type classification of instructions addressing modes, instruction format, assembler directives, over view of instruction set, writing assembly language programs with and without subroutines, concepts of stack, interrupts, interrupt service subroutine. UNIT III Memory types, memory organization, static RAM interfacing memory, use of RAMs and EPROMs, RAM-6116, 6164, EPROM-2716, 2732, 2764, Programmable Peripherals Interface (8255). Programmable Interval Timer 8253, Basic concepts in serial I/O and data transfer schemes and their classification. UNIT IV Types of A/D & D/A converters, Interfacing & programming of ADC-0808/0809 and DAC-0800. Multiplexers and demultiplexers, 8085 based data acquisition system, stepper motor control, DC motor control, temperature control, traffic control. UNIT V 16-bit Microprocessor 8086 and its internal architecture, instruction set. Introduction to programming of 8086, 8086 interrupts, multi-user, multitasking, Introduction to microcontrollers- 80286, 80386, 80486, microprocessor family, Comparison of microprocessors. Reference Books: 1. Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers - B.Ram 2. Microprocessors and programmed logic - Kenneth B.Short

3. Introduction to Microcomputer

-Albert Paul Malvino

4. Microprocessors Architecture Programming and Applications - Ramesh S.Gaonkar. 5. Assembly language programming -Lance P. Levanthal

6. Microprocessors and Interfacing Programming and Hardware - Douglas V.Hall EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 POWER SYSTEM-I Subject Code: E-354 UNIT I Function of electric systems, transmission of power by different systems, influence of voltage on cost and efficiency, comparison of different systems of transmission, types of conductors and spacing of conductors, constants of overhead transmission lines: Main parameters of overhead transmission lines, resistance of conductor, skin and proximity effect, calculation of inductance and capacitance of single phase and three phase lines with equal and unequal spacings for single and bundle conductors, application of GMD, GMR methods. UNIT II Representation and performance of short, medium and long lines ABCD constants, power circle diagrams, static and synchronous phase modifiers, surge impedance loading of transmission lines, efficiency, regulation and phasor diagrams of transmission lines, Ferranti effect. Phenomenon of corona, potential gradient, break down voltages, corona power loss, effect of atmospheric conditions, Radio interference phenomenon: General effect of positive and negative polarities as well as of a.c. and d.c. supplies on corona. Methods to improve corona performance.

UNIT III Mechanical Design of Transmission Lines: Main considerations in the design of transmission lines, calculation of sag, variation of sag with load and temperature, stringing chart, sag template, uplift in insulator string, earth wires, type of towers, vibration dampers, line supports, spacing of conductors and guards. Type of insulators, voltage distribution on suspension insulator string, string efficiency, shielding and grading. UNIT IV Types of distribution system and their application, calculation of size and voltage drop. Feeders-Kelvins law and modified Kelvins law for feeder conductor size, limitations of Kelvins laws. Comparison of cables and overhead lines, types of cables, insulation resistance, stress and capacitance of single and multicore cables, charging current, grading of cables, sheath effects, dielectric loss, power factor-thermal resistance. UNIT V Introduction, comparison of a.c. and d.c. transmission system, Advantages and limitations of HVDC transmission, principal parts, control and applications of HVDC transmission.

Reference Books : 1. Electric Power System : By C.L.Wadhwa 2. Electric Power System : By - Asfaq Husain 3. Elements of Power System Analysis : By William D.Stevenson 4. Power System Analysis & Design : By B.R.Gupta 5. HVDC Transmission : By - K.R. Padiyar EED BOS meeting, 24 th

Jan 2008 UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY Subject code: E-355 UNIT I ILLUMINATION ENGINEERING Nature of light, units, sensitivity of the eye, luminous efficiency, glare. Production of Light; Incandescent lamps, arc lamps gas discharge lamps- fluorescent lamps-polar curves, effect of voltage variation on efficiency and life of lamps, Distribution and control of light, lighting calculations, solid angle, inverse square and cosine laws, methods of calculations, factory lighting, flood lighting and street lighting.

UNIT II HEATING AND WELDING Electrical heating-advantages, methods and application, resistance over general construction, design of heating elements, efficiency and losses control. Induction heating: core type furnaces, core less furnaces and high frequency eddy current heating, dielectric heating: principle and special applications, arc furnaces: direct arc furnaces, Indirect arc furnaces, electrodes, power supply and control. Different methods of electrical welding and electrical equipment for them. Arc furnaces transformer and welding transformers.

UNIT III TRACTION Advantages and disadvantages, system of electric traction, diesel electric locomotives. Mechanics of train movement: simplified speed time curves, average and schedule speed, tractive effort, specific energy consumption, factors affecting specific energy consumption.

UNIT IV TRACTION MOTORS DC motors, single phase and three phase motors, starting and control of traction motors, braking of traction motors. Modern 25 KV a.c. single phase traction systems: advantages, equipment and layout of 25 KV, single phase power frequency A.C. traction.

UNIT V ELECTRIC DRIVES Individual and collective drives- electrical braking, plugging, rheostatic and regenerative braking load equalization use of fly wheel criteria for selection of motors for various industrial drives. Reference Books: 1. Utilization of Elect. Energy - E.O. Taylor 2. Utilization of Elect. Energy - H. Pratab 3. Utilization of Elect. Energy - J.B. Gupta EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 POWER SYSTEM II Sub. Code: E-401 UNIT I Faults in power systems, single line diagram, equivalent impedance diagram, per unit reactances. Analysis (using matrices) of power systems by symmetrical components under: (a) Three phase short circuit (b) Line to line fault (c) Line to ground fault (d) Double line to ground fault. Sequence networks and their inter connections for different types of faults, effects of fault

impedance.Current Limiting Reactors: Applications, types, construction and location of current limiting reactors, short circuit calculation using reactors.

UNIT II Introduction, Bus Admittance Matrix, Formation of Ybus & Zbus, Load flow equation & solution, iterative methods, Gauss-Seidel and Newton-Raphson methods, Jacobian Matrix, Fast Decoupled load flow. UNIT III Philosophy of protective relaying system, construction and realization of characteristics of different protective relays. Components of Protection System Conventional and Static relays advantages and limitations, static amplitude and phase comparators, level detectors, logic and training circuits, static over current, directional, distance relays. Numerical over current and distance protection.

UNIT IV Types & detection of faults and their effects, alternator protection scheme (stator, rotor, reverse power protection etc.). Power transformer protection (external and internal faults protection), bus bar protection. Transmission line protection (current/time grading, distance, carrier aided protection). UNIT V Theory of current interruption- energy balance and recovery rate theory, arc quenching, recovery and restriking voltages. Types of circuit breakers. bulk oil and minimum oil, air break and air blast, sulphur hexa floride (SF6) and vacuum circuit breakers. Rating selection and testing of circuit breakers/operating mechanisms. LT switchgear, HRC fuses, types construction and applications.

Reference Books : 1. Electrical Power Systems - C.L.Wadhwa 2. Modern Power System Analysis - Nagrath & Kothari 3. Fundamentals of power system protection - Y.G.Paithankar & S.R.Bhinde 4. Power System Protection - Badriram & Vishwakarma 5. Power System Protection & Switchgear - Ravindranath & Chander EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 MODERN CONTROL SYSTEM Sub. Code : E-402 UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO STATE SPACE State space representation of systems, solving time invariant state equation, State Transition Matrix, Zero input response, Zero state response, Decomposition, state equation, Relationship between state equation and transfer function, characteristic equation, eigen values, eigen vectors. UNIT-II STATE SPACE ANALYSIS Phase variable representation, canonical variable representation, diagonalisation, canonical variable representation, controllability and observability, pole placement design using state variable feed back. UNIT-III NON LINEAR SYSTEMS & THEIR STABILITY Non linear systems, common physical non linearities, phase plane method basic concepts, construction of phase trajectories, singular points, describing function method basic concepts, deviation of describing function, stability analysis by describing function method. Concepts of stability, limit cycles, Liapunov stability criterion, method of

constructing Liapunov function for non-linear systems, Popovs stability criterion. UNIT-IV DISCRETE CONTROL SYSTEM Introduction to discrete time system, z-transform, inverse z-transform. Pulse transfer function, Sampling Theorem, Data re-construction, zero order hold, first order hold, Time response of sampled data system. UNIT-V STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE SYSTEM Stability criterion, methods of stability analysis, bilinear transformation, stability analysis using Nyquist criterion and root locus, state space representation of discrete system, state transition matrix controllability and observability of discrete time system. Reference Books : 1. Discrete control Engineering-Ogata 2. Automatic Control System B.C. Kuo 3. Modern Control System Nagarth Gopal 4. Linear Control System th Jan 2008 EHV AC & DC TRANSMISSION Sub. Code: E-403 UNIT I Constitution of EHV a.c. and d.c. links, kind of d.c. links, limitation and Advantages of a.c. and d.c. transmission, principal application of a.c. and d.c. transmission, trends in EHV a.c. and d.c. transmission power handling capacity. UNIT II Extra long distance lines, voltage profile of loaded and unloaded line along the line, - B.S.Manke EED BOS meeting, 24

compensation of lines, series and shunt compensation, shunt reactors, tuned power lines. UNIT III Traveling waves on transmission systems, their shape, attenuation and distortion, effect of junction and termination on propagation of traveling waves. Over-voltages in transmission system: lightning, switching and temporary over-voltages: control of lighting and switching over-voltages. UNIT IV Converter theory and performance equations Value characteristics, converter circuits, abnormal operation of converter circuits, harmonics and filters.

UNIT V Control of HVDC systems Basic principles of control, control implementation, converter firing control system, valve blocking and bypassing, starting, stopping and power flow reversal. Reference Books: 1. EHV AC & DC Transmission - Begamudre 2. EHV AC & DC Transmission - S. Rao

3. H.V.D.C. Transmission P.Kundur, McGraw Hill Pub. EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-I (i) : COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN POWER SYSTEM Subject code: E-411 UNIT I INTRODUCTION Electric supply industry structure under Deregulation, Regulatory and policy developments. Power system components and representation.

UNIT II LOAD FLOW STUDIES Analytical formulation, methods of load flow solutions, Bus mismatch and convergence criteria, Gauss-Siedel method, Newton Rephson method, concept of decoupled methods. Bus impedance and Bus admittance matrix formulation, bus impedance algorithm. UNIT III OPTIMAL LOAD FLOW STUDY OF POWER SYSTEM Thermal system, transmission losses, optimum scheduling of thermal plants taking losses into account, economic load scheduling of hydro-thermal plants. UNIT IV POWER SYSTEM RESTRUCTURING Power System Restructuring Models, Market-power. UNIT V TRANSMISSION PRICING Transmission pricing in a Restructured Electricity Market, Congestion Management in Deregulated Market, Role of FACTS devices in competitive Power Market. Reference Books : 1. Electrical Energy Systems Theory by O.I.Elgerd 2. Computer Methods in Power system Analysis by A.H.El.Abiad 3. Understanding FACTS concept and Technology by Hingorani N.L. 4. Power System Restructuring and Deregulation Trading Performance and IT by L.L. Lai, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. England 5. Electricity Market Investment Performance and Analysis by B. Murrey, Mc-Hill, 1998 6. Understanding Electric Utilities and Deregulation by Lorrin Phillipson & H.Lee Willis, Mareely Dekker Inc. New York, 1999 7. Power System Restructure Engineering & Economics by M.llic, F.Faliana and L.Fink, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1998

8. Restructured Electrical Power System Operation Trading and Volatility by Mohammad Shahidhpour and Muwaffaq Almoush, Marcel Dekker, 2001 EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-I (ii) : ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Subject code : E-412 UNIT I Meaning and definition of artificial intelligence, various types of production systems, characteristics of production systems, study and comparisons of breadth first search and depth first search techniques, other search techniques like hill climbing, best first search, A* algorithm AO* algorithm etc. And various types of control stragegies UNIT II Knowledge representation, problems in representing knowledge, knowledge representation using proposition and predicate logic, comparisons of proposition and predicate logic, resolution refutation, deduction, theorem proving , inferencing , monotonic and non-monotonic reasoning. UNIT III Probabilistic reasoning, Bays theorem, semantic networks, scripts schemes, frames, conceptual dependency, fuzzy logic, forward and backward reasoning. UNIT IV Game playing techniques like minimax procedure, alpha-bata cut- off etc., planning study of blocks word problem in robotics, understanding and natural language processing. UNIT V Introduction to learning, various techniques used I learning, neural networks, and applications of neural networks, common sense, reasoning and expert systems.

Reference Books : 1. Artificial Intelligence by Rich & Night 2. Artificial Intelligence by Mc Dermott 3. Artificial Intelligence by Mills J Millson EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-I (iii) : COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Subject code: E-413

UNIT I Need for Modulation, Amplitude Modulation, AM Demodulator, SSB Modulation, Vestigial Sideband Modulation, AM transmitter and Receiver, Noise and bandwidth in AM, Carrier Communication, Basic Principles of Pulsed and CW Radar. UNIT II Frequency Modulation, FM Demodulator, Phase Modulation, FM transmitter and receiver, Noise and bandwidth in FM, Ground wave, sky wave and space wave propagation, Basic Principles of BW and Colour TV.

UNIT III Sampling theorem, PAM, PWM, PPM, Pulse Code Modulation, Noise in PCM, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta modulation, DPCM, Mary system, FDM and TDM.

UNIT IV

Digital Modulation, ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, Basic Principles of Optical Communication, Satellite Comm., Mobile Comm. UNIT V Entropy, Mutual Information, Channel Capacity, Shannon Theorem, Shannon-Hartley Theorem, Shannon-Fano code, Huffman code, Parity Check Code, Hammings Single Error Correction Code. Reference Books: 1. Electronics Communication System - G.Kennedy 2. Communication System-Analog & Digital - R.P.Singh & S.D.Sapre EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE I (iv) : SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Subject code: E-414 UNIT I Introduction to software engineering, software characterization and components, software as a product, software process and process models, capability maturity model (CMM), software metrics and measurements software project planning (Project scheduling and tracking, cost estimation methods). UNIT II Requirement analysis: Analysis principles complexity, methods, structured analysis method formal specification, data dictionary, software prototyping and specifications, other requirement analysis methods, storage and processing time analysis, data base requirement, SRS documentation. UNIT III

Design principles, design concepts like abstraction, refinement, modularity, control hierarchy, software architecture, structured partitioning, data structure, information hiding etc., modular design, design heuristics for modularity, object oriented design, user interface design, other design methods. UNIT IV Software coding and testing, influence of implementation language and coding, coding style, coding efficiency, software quality assurance, software testing techniques, software testing strategies, comparison of test methods, choice of test data, classification of test data, other verification & validation methods. UNIT V Software maintenance process, quality management, maintenance cost and maintainability measures, software risk analysis, configuration management and version control system documentation, software reusability. Reference Books: 1. An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering by P. Jalote published by Narosa Publishing House 2. Software Engineering by Roger S. Pressman EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE I (v) :ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION, COMMISSIONING AND MAINTENANCE Subject code: E-415 UNIT I INSTALLATION: Study and use of theodolite. Types of heavy electrical equipment, unloading accessories precautions for unloading, installation of small and large machines of both static and rotating type, Installation transformer.

UNIT II COMMISSIONING : commissioning procedure, test required before commissiong of electrical equipment in respect of : Mechanical fixture and alignment, Electrical tests, Initial precautions for starting. Electrical accidents, safety regulation, treatment of shock, fire extinguishers UNIT III EARTHING: Reasons for earthing, earthing system earth lead and its size, permissible earth resistance for different installation, improvement of earth resistance, double earthing, earth resistance measurement, rules for earthing. UNIT IV PREVENTING MAINTENANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION PREVENTION: Concepts of preventive maintenance, advantages, preventive maintenance schedule for transformer induction motor, transmission line, circuit breaker and underground cable, preventive measures to control environmental pollution results due to production of: smoke gases, flow of waste material and atomic reactions in research stations, plants, elect. & electronic equipments and accessories. UNIT V TESTING AND MAINTENANCE OF RELAY AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS: Testing of relays, factory test, commissioning test and preventive periodic maintenance test, testing of circuit breakers, voltage test, type test, preventive maintenance of circuit breaker. Insulation Testing. Electrical accidents, safety regulation, treatment of shock, fire extinguishers Reference Books: 1. Electrical Installation Work(Vth Metric Edition) T.G.Francist E.L.B.S 2. Electrical Installation Maintenance & Fault Location Workbook., T.T.T.I.(W.R)

Bhopal 3. Preventive Maintenance Electrical Equipment, Charles J Hurburt 4. Commission of Electrical Plant, Rch Richardson. 5. A Text Book of Electrical Installation Work Vol.2, R.A.Mee., Macdonald London. 6. Electrical Maintenance & Repairs, P.P. Gupta, Dhanpat Rai & Sons Pub. 7. Estimating Commissioning And Maintenance of Electrical Equipment, S.Rao, Khanna Pub. 8. Fundamentals of Maintenance of Electrical Equipments, Bhatia, Khanna Pub. EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-II (i): POWER QUALITY Subject code: E-421 UNIT-I Understanding Power quality, types of power quality disturbances, power quality indices, Causes and effects of power quality disturbances UNIT II Causes and effects of harmonics, converter configuration and their contribution to supply harmonics, other sources of harmonics UNIT III Radio interference, supply standards, elimination/suppression of harmonics, classical solutions & their drawbacks, passive input filters, high power factor pre-regulator, switching control circuit, transformer connections. UNIT - IV Elimination/suppression of harmonics using active power filters topologies, and their control methods, PWM converter as a voltage source active filter, current source active

filter. UNIT - V Electro-magnetic compatibility, constant frequency control, constant tolerance band control, variable tolerance band control, discontinuous current control. Reference Books: 1. Power Quality - R.C. Duggan 2. Power system harmonics A.J. Arrillga 3. Power electronic converter harmonics Derek A. Paice EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-II (ii): ENERGY CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT Sub. Code: E-422 UNIT I General energy problem. Global and national energy scenario, primary energy sources, energy use patterns, Basic Principles, laws of Thermo dynamics. Irreversibility, entropy enthalpy, heat engine, refrigeration cycle, thermal efficiency and thermal exchange ratio. Citical and economic thickness of insulation. Optimum use of prime movers for power generation, techniques cogeneration technology. Energy conservation methods in power plants, conservation of energy in energy intensive industries. UNIT II Maintenance engineering : friction, lubrication and tribological innovations, predictive and preventive maintenance, Energy audit, case studies. UNIT III (i) Heating, lighting and Air conditioning of building and measures for conservation of electrical energy. Energy conservation in domestic gadgets.

(ii) Industrial heating and energy conservation in electric and oil fired furnances. (iii) Measures for Reduction of losses in Transmission and distribution systems. UNIT IV Energy efficient electric drives, energy efficient motors, V.S.D. power factor improvement in power system. Energy conservation in transportation systems especially in electric vehicle. UNIT V Load curve analysis and load managements, DSM, Energy storage for power systems, (Mechanical, Thermal, electrical and Magnetic) Restructuring of electric tariff from energy conservation considerations, pay back period. Reference Books: 1. Electrical Energy Utilization & Conservation - Dr. S.C.Tripathi 2. Energy Conservation and Audit - Thumman 3. Energy Audit and Conservation - TERI EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-II (iii): SYSTEM ENGINEERING Subject code: E-423 UNIT-I System philosophy, systems concepts, system modeling, system analysis, system optimization, classification of systems, topological models of system, Anology among different systems. Introduction to linear graph theory. UNIT-II Modeling of systems with two terminal component, component graph and their model, system graph, interconnection equation and development of system model using Branch

formulation, chord formulation and state space formulation. UNIT-III Modeling of systems with multiterminal components, component graph, model of nterminal dissipative component, linear perfect couplers and Gyrators, model of two port components, system models using multiterminal components using graph theoretic approval and state space modeling. UNIT-IV Introduction to fuzzy logic, fuzzification, defuzzification, rule base, Design of rules & membership functions, Applications of fuzzy logic control. Fundamental concepts and models of Artificial Neural Network, Multilayer feedforward networks, Applications & implementation of Neural Algorithms and systems. UNIT-V Stability, sensitivity, controllability, observability of the system, system optimization using linear and dynamic programming. Technological forecasting methods. Reference Books: 1. Systems Modelling and Analysis, I.J. Nagrath & M.Gopal, Tata Mc.Graw Hill 2. Analysis of Discrete Physical System by Koenig and Tokad, Mc. Graw Hill 3. Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems J.M.Zurada 4. Neural Networks Simon Haykin 5. Theory and problems of operations research Schaums Series Mc-Graw Hill Int. Book Co. EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-II (iv): EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Subject code: E-424 UNIT-I

Introduction embedded systems, their characteristics, modeling of systems, system specifications, specification languages, study of specification example. UNIT II Specification translation, translation of various features such as state transition, message passing communication, concurrency, exception handling etc. UNIT III System partitioning- Introduction, partitioning issues, partitioning algoritms, functional portioning, hardware/software partitioning algorithms, functional partitioning for systems. UNIT - IV Design quality estimation- Quality metrics, hardware estimation, software estimation. UNIT - V Specification refinement- Refining variable grouping, channel refinement, resolving accesss conflict, refining incompatible interfaces, refining hardware/software interfaces. Study of a system design methodology and study of generic synthesis system. Reference Books : 1. Specification and design of embedded systems, David D Gajski, Frandk vahid, S. Narayan, J Garg 2. Embedded system design, Heath Steve and Newns 1997 3. Art of programming Embedded Systems, J. Gassle EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-II (v): PROJECT MANAGEMENT Subject code: E-425 UNIT-I: Fundamentals of Management I

Management: Evolution, development, characteristics, principles, philosophy, Nature and function, (MBO), (MBE) their importance characteristics and applications. UNIT-II: Fundamentals of Management II Organizational Behavior, Human behavior, group dynamics. Leadership theories, styles and modern philosophies, motivation approaches and theories, communication, barriers and breakdowns, management information system, use of Computer in Management. UNIT-III: Introduction to Personnel Management Employees, Personnel Management practices, methods, recruitment, selection, interviews, group discussions, training, placement and employees development, wages and incentives, labour welfare, conflict, Negotiations, best practices.

UNIT-IV: Introduction to Marketing and Sales Management Marketing concept, principles, functions, market survey and research, concepts of sales and distribution, channels of distribution, salesmanship, sales promotions, methods of advertising, copy right, sales management practices.

UNIT-V: Introduction to Financial Management Nature and scope of Financial Management, goals of financial management, Sources of finance, Permanent long term, Short term Sources, Interest rates, annuity cost of capital, capital structure, decisions, Break-even Analysis, Financial Planning. Reference Books: 1. Management - Stonner & Freeman 2. Principle of Marketing - Philip Kotler 3. Industrial Management - K.K. Ahuja 4. Financial Management - S.K. Banerjee EED BOS meeting, 24

th Jan 2008 POWER SYSTEM CONTROL & STABILITY Subject Code: E-451 UNIT-I EXCITATION SYSTEMS Excitation system requirement, Elements of an excitation system, types of excitation systems, comparision of the various excitation system, Development of Block diagram of excitation system and the transfer function. Recent development and future trends. UNIT-II LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL Introduction, Nature of control problems, Basic concept of Governor Mechanism and their performance in steady state, Turbine and Generator model. Load frequency control of an isolated power system. Division of load between Generators, Basic concept of control area. UNIT-III CONTROL OF VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE POWER Introduction, Generation and absorption of reaction power, relation between voltage, power and reactive power at a node, methods of voltage control. Injection of reactive power, use of tap changing transformers, combined use of tap changing transformers and reactive power injection. UNIT-IV POWER SYSTEM STABILITY Introduction, power angle curve, transfer reactance, swing equations, steady state stability theoretical and practical, transient stability using equal area criterion and step by step method. Introduction to Grid Failure. UNIT-V METHODS OF IMPROVING STABILITY Introduction, Methods of improving stability using traditional techniques and new approaches eg. High speed fault clearing, reduction of transmission system reactance,

regulated shunt compensation, Dynamic braking, Independent pole operation of circuit breaker acting automatic voltage regulation. Reference Books: 1. Power system engineering -Nagarath & Kothari 2. Electric Power System -B.M.Weedy 3. Power System Stability & Control -P.Kundur 4. Electrical Power System -C.L. WadhwaEED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL DRIVES Subject code: E-452 UNIT I INTRODUCTION OF ELECTRICAL DRIVES Introduction of Electrical Drives, Choice of Electrical Drives, Dynamics of Electrical Drives, Fundamental torque equation, speed torque conventions and Multiquadrant operation. Equivalent values of drives parameters, components of load torques, nature and classification of load torques. Energy conservation in Electrical Drives. UNIT II DC DRIVES Review of DC Motors, starting, braking, speed control, performance parameters, single phase & three phase controlled rectifier fed DC drives, power factor improvement, chopper controlled DC drives and their industrial applications. UNIT III INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES Review of three phase induction motor, starting, braking, speed control, variable frequency control. Basics of PWM Inverter fed I.M. Drive, harmonics analysis. Slip power recovery, Rotor resistance control and their industrial applications. UNIT IV CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL DRIVES

Modes of operation, closed loop control of drives, current limit control, closed loop torque control, closed loop speed control, closed loop speed control of multi-motor drives, speed sensing, current sensing, phase locked loop (PLL) control, closed loop position control. UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS & OTHER SPECIAL MOTOR DRIVES Synchronous motor, operation from fixed frequency supply, synchronous motor variable speed drives. Introduction of Brushless DC motor, Stepper motor and switched reluctance motor drives and their industrial applications. Reference Books: 1. Fundamental of Electrical Drives G.K.Dubey 2. Power Semiconductor controlled drives G.K.Dubey 3. Thyristor DC Drives P.C.Sen

4. Power Electronics and AC Drives B.K.Bose EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-III (i) : POWER CONTROLLERS Subject code: E-461 UNIT I POWER ELECTRONIC DEVICES Principles, characteristics & ratings of various types of GTOs, power transistors, MOSFETs, IGBTs, static induction transistors, comparison of controllable switches, protection circuits for GTOs & MOSFETs. UNIT II AC TO DC CONVERTERS Analysis of 1- fully controlled converter for continuous & discontinuous conduction mode, fundamental p.f., input p.f., rms & average current & voltage, active & reactive power, Harmonic factor. 12-pulse converter & resonant pulse converters. Problems &

solution of input current harmonics & poor p.f., Dual converters. UNIT III AC TO AC CONVERTERS Single phase controllers, 3-phase half wave & full wave controllers & effect of source and load inductance. 3-phase bidirectional delta connected controllers. 3-phase to single phase cycloconverters. 3-phase to 3-phase cycloconverters. UNIT IV INVERTERS Current source inverters single phase and three phase. Principle of operation of PWM inverters, single pulse PWM, Multiple PWM, SPWM, Modified SPWM. Concepts of Advance PWM techniques. UNIT V INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS Thyristorised ac, dc drives, UPS, Inverters, SMPS, HVDC Transmission ,SVC. Reference Books : 1. Power Controller : By Dubey, Doradla, Joshi & Sinha 2. Power Electronics : By P.S. Bhimbra 3. Power Electronics : By Rasid EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-III (ii): DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Sub. Code : E-462 UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO DSP Classification of signals, Multichannel and multi dimensional continuous v/s discrete time signals, continuous v/s discrete valued signals, continuous time sinusoidal signal, discrete time sinusoidal signals, sampling of analog signal, sampling theorem, quantification and coding of D/A conversion. UNIT-II DISCRETE TIME SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS

Discrete time signal, systems, Z-transform & Inverse Z-transform, analysis of discrete time, linear time invariant systems, co-relation of discrete time systems. UNIT-III FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF SIGNALS Frequency analysis of analog signals, frequency analysis of discrete time signals. Properties of Fourier Transform, Frequency Domain Characteristics, Time Frequency Dualities, Sampling of signals in time and frequency domain, DFT & FFT. UNIT-IV DESIGN OF DIGITAL FILTERS Design of linear phase FIR filter using window & frequency sampling method. Design of equiripple linear phase filters. Comparison of design methods for linear phase FIR filters. Design of IIR filters from analog filters. Direct Design Technique for digital IIR filters. UNIT-V DSP APPLICATIONS Introduction to digital signal processors chips, case study of different DSP applications. Application of filters to analog & digital signal processor, FET spectrum analyzer. Reference Books: 1. Digital Signal Processing - W.D.Stanley 2. Analog & Digital Signal Processing Ashok Ambardar EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-III (iii): BIO ENGINEERING Sub. Code : E-463 EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-III (iv): ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION & CONTROL Sub. Code : E-464 UNIT I

Introduction of Electric Transportation, Present Scenario in India and Abroad. UNIT II Overhead equipment used in Electric Transportation UNIT III AC & DC Traction Drives UNIT IV Battery operated vehicle UNIT V Fuel cell operated vehicle Reference Books: 1. Electrical Traction by H.Pratap 2. Fundamental of Electric Drives by G.K.Dubey EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE IV (i): ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS Subject code: E-471 UNIT I Introduction to 16-bit microprocessors, internal architecture of 8086, various types of segments used like CS, DS, ES & SS, study of various registers used in 8086, various types of addressing modes like immediate addressing, register addressing, direct addressing mode & indirect addressing modes. UNIT II Instruction set of 8086, conversion of high level statements like assignment statement, if statements, for loops, while loops, procedures, functions etc. to 8086 statements, programming using 8086.

UNIT III Interrupts in 8086, maskable & non-maskable interrupts, hardware & software interrupts, conditional interrupts, type 0, type 1, type 2 and other such types of interrupts, timing diagrams for interrupts, steps for interrupt handling. UNIT IV Introduction to microcontroller 8051, architecture, instruction set, assembly language programming and applications. UNIT V Introduction to PLC, architecture, programming & applications. Reference Books : 1. Microprocessor architecture, programming & applications with 8085 R.Gaonkar, Wiley Eastern publication. 2. Microprocessors & interphasing by D.V.Hall, McGraw Hill 3. 8051 Microcontroller by K.J. Ayala, Penram Int. Pub. EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE IV (ii) :INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS Subject code: E-472 UNIT I: Introduction to IPR Introduction to IPR, Importance, need of IPR, Intellectual assets and value realization, Forms of IPR, Patent, Copyright, Trademarks, Protection of IC layout designs, Geographical Indicators, Protection of undisclosed information, control of anti competitive practices and industrial design. UNIT II: Patents Concept of property and history of patents, Indian Patent Act and rules, Novelty,

Inventiveness and usefulness, Patent application procedure, patent able and non-patentable inventions including product vs process patents. UNIT III: Industrial Designs Registration, concept of novelty, originality, utility, obviousness, rights, obligations and limitations of registration of design, offences and penalties. UNIT IV: Trade Marks & Copy Rights Introduction, registration, concept of deceptive similarity, rights and limitations of trade marks, offences and penalties. Copyright introduction, nature of copyright, subject matter of copyrights (literary works, dramatic works, musical works, cinematography films, records, tapes etc.) rights, obligations and limitations, registrations. UNIT V: International Treaties: Introduction to international treaties, conventions and organizations, TRIPS, PCT, Berne Convention, WIPO, EPO, UPOV, Introduction to WTO, Introduction to dispute settlement procedure (technical & legal), Indian position in global IPR structure, Facilitating technology transfer and Capabilities building. Reference Books: 1. Ganguly P., Intellectual Property Rights,Tata Mcgraw Hill Publication, 2004. 2. WIPO handbook/ notes Wadehra B.L, Law Relating to Patents, Trademarks, Designs & Geographical Indications, Universal Law Pub., 2000. 3. Sullivan & Patrick H., Profiting from Intellectual Capital: extracting value from Innovation, John Wily , 1998. 4. Correa, Carlos M., Intellectual Property Rights, the WTO and Developing Countries: the TRIPS Agreement and Policy Options, Zed books, New York, 2000.EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008

ELECTIVE IV (iii): POWER SYSTEM DEREGULATION Subject code: E-473 UNIT I Need and conditions for deregulation. Introduction of Market structure, Market Architecture, Spot market, forward markets and settlements. Review of Conceptsmarginal cost of generation, least-cost operation, incremental cost of generation. Power System Operation: Old vs. New UNIT II Electricity sector structures and Ownership /management, the forms of Ownership and management. Different structure model like Monopoly model, Purchasing agency model, wholesale competition model, Retail competition model. UNIT III Framework and methods for the analysis of Bilateral and pool markets, LMP based markets, auction models and price formation, price based unit commitment, country practices UNIT IV Transmission network and market power. Power wheeling transactions and marginal costing, transmission costing. Congestion management methods- market splitting, counter-trading; Effect of congestion on LMPs- country practices UNIT V Ancillary Services and System Security in Deregulation. Classifications and definitions, AS management in various markets- country practices. Technical, economic, & regulatory issues involved in the deregulation of the power industry. Reference Books: 1. Power System Economics: Designing markets for electricity - S. Stoft

2. Power generation, operation and control, -J. Wood and B. F. Wollenberg 3. Operation of restructured power systems - K. Bhattacharya, M.H.J. Bollen and J.E. Daalder 4. Market operations in electric power systems - M. Shahidehpour, H. Yamin and Z. Li 5. Fundamentals of power system economics - S. Kirschen and G. Strbac 6. Optimization principles: Practical Applications to the Operation and Markets of the Electric Power Industry - N. S. Rau 7. Competition and Choice in Electricity - Sally Hunt and Graham Shuttleworth EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-IV (iv): ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT Subject code: E-474 UNIT I The Entrepreneurship Concept, Definition, Characteristics, The Entrepreneurship revolution, equity creation, The Timmons model, Entrepreneurial skills and reasoning, Apprenticeship, The Opportunity- Creation, Shaping, Recognizing and Seizing, Entrepreneurship and the INTERNET, Creation of New Business. UNIT II The Entrepreneurial Thinking, Leadership and human behaviour, Entrepreneurial mind and creed, Entrepreneurial manger, Principal and theories, management competencies, Team building, Reward, Personal ethics, Issues of Integrity, UNIT III The entrepreneurial approaches to resources, the human resources, the financial resources, The business Plan, market surveys, preparation and planning, relationship

between goals and actions, segmentation and integration of information, the business plan process and strategies. Developing a business plan, business borrowing, banking, legal issues and taxes. UNIT IV Entrepreneurial finance, Venture finance, cash flow, financial strategy framework, fund raising strategies, financial life cycle, Venture capital , Angles and informal investors, other equity and debt sources of finance, Valuation, structure and negotiation of venture creation skills and deals. UNIT V Venture growth and management, organizational paradigms, importance of Culture and organizational climate, new developments in entrepreneurial management, gestation period crisis, predicting trouble, threats diagnosis, intervention, the turnaround plan, ESOP, Merger, Acquisition and Strategic Alliance. Reference Books: 1. Timmons, Jeffry A., New Venture Creation, McGraw Hill Publication, 2001. 2. Mariotti, Steve. The Young Entrepreneurs Guide to Starting and Running a Business., NY: Random House, Inc.2000. 3. Entrepreneurship Development and Management EDI Ahmedabad. Vasant Desai, 4. Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development and Management, Himalaya Publishing House. 2000. EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTIVE-IV (v) : NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES Subject code: E-475

UNIT-I Energy scenario in India, Renewable and Non-renewable Energy sources, Energy for sustainable development, Direct Energy conversion systems. UNIT-II Renewable Hydro potential, flow, duration and storage, mini-micro hydro, small hydro power, types of turbines, generators & controls. UNIT-III Wind energy potential, site selection, types of wind turbines, wind generation and control. UNIT-IV Solar energy solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, applications of solar energy systems. Renewable Energy for Rural Applications. UNIT-V Bio energy, wave & tidal energy, ocean thermal energy systems, MHD & fuel cells. Grid Interactive and Off Grid / Distributed Renewable Power. Reference Books: 1. Solar Energy Padmashree S.P.Sukhatme 2. Solar Electricity Tomas Markvart 3. Electrical Energy System Theory O.I.Elgerd 4. Towards Clean Energy B.Ghosh, Saha B., S.K.Basu, Sujay 5. Power System Engineering I.J.Nagrath & D.P.Kothari EED BOS meeting, 24 th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND ELECTRONICS Subject code E-276

UNIT I POLYPHASE SYSTEMS Introduction to polyphase system, phase sequence, star & delta connections, phasor diagrams, analysis of 3-phase balanced & unbalanced circuits. Measurement of 3-phase power for balanced & unbalanced loads, measurement of reactive volt amperes. UNIT II TRANSFORMERS Single phase and 3-phase transformers, Routine tests of transformer, equivalent circuit and vector diagram, losses, efficiency and regulation, Welding transformer. UNIT III INDUCTION MOTORS Production of rotating magnetic field, construction and principle of operation of a 3-phase machines. Slip-torque characteristics, 3-phase induction motor starters, Single phases induction motor, principle of operation and methods of starting, Testing of single phase and three phase Induction Motors. UNIT IV SELECTION AND APPLICATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL MOTORS Introduction, factors affecting selection of motors, Types of loads, steady state and Dynamic characteristics of Electric drives, size of motor, Load equalization, application of motors for Industrial use. UNIT V INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS Thyristors and their characteristics, turn-on and turn-off methods, basics of chopper rectifiers and inverters. Control of a.c. and d.c. motors using power electronic devices. Reference Books: 1. Basic Electrical Engineering 2. Power Electronics 3. Electrical Machines V. N. Mittle & A. Mittal

- M.D.Singh - J.B.Gupta

4. Principle of Elect. Machine and Power Electronics - P.C.Sen 5. Generation, Distribution & Utilization of Electric Energy - C.L. Wadhwa EED BOS meeting, 24

th Jan 2008 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Subject code E-211 UNIT I POLYPHASE SYSTEMS Introduction to polyphase system, phase sequence, star & delta connections, phasor diagrams, analysis of 3-phase balanced & unbalanced circuits. Measurement of 3-phase power for balanced & unbalanced loads, measurement of reactive volt amperes. UNIT II TRANSFORMERS Single phase transformers, different types, Routine tests of transformer, equivalent circuit and vector diagram, losses, efficiency and regulation, autotransformer, 3-phase transformers. UNIT III D.C. MACHINE-I Classification of DC machines, EMF equation, Armature windings, Armature reaction and commutation, characteristics of D.C. generators. Torque equation, Starting of D.C. motors, speed control of D.C. shunt motor, Efficiency of D.C. machine. UNIT IV INDUCTION MOTORS Production of rotating magnetic field, construction and principle of operation of a 3-phase machines. Slip-torque characteristics, 3-phase induction motor starters, Single phases induction motor, principle of operation, methods of starting, speed control of single phase and three phase Induction Motors. UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Construction, emf equation, O.C. & S.C. characteristics, Synchronous Impedance, method of calculating regulation. Synchronous Motors : Characteristics, V Curves, salient pole machine and their performance

equations, vector diagram, power-angle characteristics. Reference Books: 1. Electrical Machines 2. Electrical Machines - P.S. Bhimbra - Fitzrald Kingsley - A.K.Sawhney

3. Measurement and Instrumentation

4. Electronics and Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation - J.B.Gupta 5. Electrical Machines & Power Electronics - P.C.Sen