Running head: ARCHITECTURE 1

Architecture Paper Nina L. Baxter HUM 266 Art through the Ages Instructors Name: D. Murphy Assignment Issue Date: 6 December 2011 Assignment Due Date: 13 December 2011

ARCHITECTURE Architecture Paper Classical Greek Architecture The culture of Classical Greece was heavily influenced by their religion, sustainment of

order, simplicity with restrained vitality, and beauty and grace (Apollo Group, Inc., 2011). Thus, many of their temples were constructed to be the most beautiful and largest within the country. The temples also served as locations for their political parliament to rejoice in civic power and honor, and offer blessings to the patron god of a city for their victory in battle. The Classical Greeks developed three architectural systems for the construction of all the building. These architectural systems are referred to as orders. Each order possesses a distinctive architectural detailing and proportions. The Classical Greek architectural orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The Doric order style consists of a sturdy plain capital (top) column. This order is used in the mainland of Greece, southern Italy, and Sicily. The most iconic Classical Greek Doric order architectures are the Parthenon and Temple of Aphaea. The Ionic order style consists of elegant slim columns with scroll-like capital design. This order was found in architectural structures of eastern Greece and islands. The most iconic Classical Greek Ionic order architectures are Temple of Apollo at Didyma and Temple of Athena Nike. Lastly, the Corinthian order style is rarely seen within Classical Greek architecture, but many temples within Rome, Italy. This order is identified by the highly decorated structures with acanthus leaves. The religious temple of Zeus located within Athens, Greece is the most recognized Corinthian order within Classical Greece. Temple of Afea The Temple of Afea constructed in honor of the Greek Goddess Afea circa 570 BCE. The temple is one of the most important archeological sites in Greece (Tassopoulos, 2011). As housed

ARCHITECTURE within temple were various sculptures that documented the changes of art technique from the Archaic to Classical Greek. The temple and sculptures told the story of Greek God Afea and provided a place of worship for her loyal followers. The construction of the external features of

the temple possesses the primary characteristics of the Doric order style. The construction of the temple consisted of twelve columns (along the length of the temple) and six columns (along the width of the temple). The columns are sloped slightly inwards, while cushions are placed beneath its capitals to support the columns and temples infrastructure. Medieval Gothic Cathedrals

Similarities and Differences Conclusion

ARCHITECTURE References Apollo Group, Inc. (2011). Symbolism in Architecture and Sculpture [Web]. Retrieved from

https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/UOPHX/HUM266/art_through_ages/index.htm l