08.park SMART Korea

INPRO Dialogue Forum on Nuclear Energy Innovations: CUC for Small & Medium-sized Nuclear Power Reactors, 10-14
October 2011, Vienna, Austria
SMART
An Early Deployable Integral Reactor for Multi-purpose Applications
Keun Bae Park SMART Technology Development
Contents
SMR Perspectives Design & Safety Features of SMART Current (licensing) Status Summary
SMART : System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor
SMART
System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor
Contents
SMR Perspectives Design & Safety Features of SMART Current (licensing) Status Summary
SMART
SMR- Perspectives
Small & Medium Reactors (SMR) offer Several Advantages
Enable enhanced safety features (robustness) - Easier implementation of passive safety features Suitable for isolated or small electrical grids Lower capital cost per unit - Small initial investment and short construction period reduces financial risks - Makes nuclear energy feasible for more utilities and energy suppliers Multi-purpose application (co-generation flexibilities) Just-in-time capacity addition, Short construction time - Enable gradual capacity increase to meet electric demand growth
Many realizable SMR concepts proposed are based on the LWR technology and reflection of the past experiences
By eliminating the cause of accidents (initiators), instead of controlling
accidents (ex. DBAs) Integral PWR fits into these logical requirements
SMART
SMR- Perspectives
SMR Prospects
Replacement for retiring fossil plants - reduces greenhouse gases Non-electrical uses
- desalination, process heat, etc

Multiple units permit generation with less impact by planned outages
User Expectations (Requirements)

Proven Technology - Licensing Requirements and Conformance Safety Plant Performance and Applications Economics and Financing Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection Assurance of Supply
SMART
Economical Aspects (Competitiveness)

No single SMR can compete with large NPP Multi-modular units Design/Equipment Simplification
Modular construction approach Easier to adopt passive features (elimination of active components)
Shorter Construction Time Multiple Units per Plant

Enable facilities/equipments sharing Reduces site-related costs Permit generation with less impact by planned outages
Just-in-time Capacity Addition (Scalability)

Enable gradual capacity increase to meet energy demand
SMART
Contents
SMR Perspectives Design and Safety Features of SMART Current (licensing) Status Summary
SMART
Basic Concept of SMART

330MWth Integral PWR
Electricity Generation, Desalination and/or District Heating
SMART
Electricity
Plant Data
Power : 330 MWt Water : 40,000 t/day Electricity : 90 MWe
Steam Transformer Steam Intake Facilities Seawater Desalination Plant
Fresh water
Electricity and Fresh Water Supply for a City of 100,000 Population Suitable for Small Grid Size or Localized Power System
SMART
Application of SMART (1)

Desalination System Desalination System
4 Units of MED-TVC to produce 40,000 ton/day + 90 Mwe Steam supplied through turbine extraction Steam Transformer - additional protection of possible radioactive contamination
From Power Plant
To Thermo Compressor
Return to Power Plant
From Condensate Return
Schematic Diagram of MED-TVC
Steam Transformer
SMART
Application of SMART (2)

District Heating
147 Gcal/h of Heat Supply to Local Area Heating + 82 MWe Supply of Electricity and 85C Hot Water for 100,000 Populations
- Based on Korean Peak Electric Power and Heat Usages
180 180
Electric Power Generation (MWe)
160
160
140
140
120
100
Expected design point for 85 C hot water
120
100
80
80
60 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
60 3.0
LP TBN Exit Pressure (bar)
SMART
10
Heat Generation (Gcal/hr)
SMART
Integral Design Loop Type PWR
Integrated Primary System Inherent Safety : Passive Residual Heat Removal Advanced Digital ManMachine Interface System
SMART
(System-integrated Modular Advance ReacTor) Pressurizer Canned Motor Pump Helical Steam Generator
X X
Core
Enhanced Reactor Safety: No LBLOCA Flexible Applications: Electricity, Heat Early Deployment: Proven Technology SMART
11
Integral PWR - SMART

330 MWt (100 MWe) nominal output
ICI Nozzles Control Rod Drive Mechanism Pressurizer
Small core (57 fuel assemblies) and source term Unit output enough to support electricity, water and heat demand for population of 100,000
Integral PWR with no large RPV penetrations

Less than 2 penetrations In-vessel Pressurizer, Steam Generator and RCP (Canned Motor Pump
Reactor Coolant Pump
Inherent Safety
Elimination of LB-LOCA by design No core uncovery during SB-LOCA Large Coolant Inventory per MW Low Power Density (~2/3 of Large PWR)
Steam Nozzle Upper Guide Structure Core Support Barrel Feedwater Nozzle Flow Mixing Header Assy Core
Performance proved Fuel

Standard 17x17 UO2 (< 5 w/o U235) w/reduced height (2m) Advanced Grid / IFM design Peak Rod Burnup < 60 GWd/t Performance proved @ operating PWRs
Steam Generator
Improved Core Operability

Cycle length: 1,000 EFPD (~ 3 years) Proven reactivity control measures - CRDM, Soluble Boron, BP
SMART
12
Basic Information
Type of Reactor Thermal Power Electric Power Design Lifetime Core Thermal Margin Fuel Type Effective Core Height Fuel Material Number of Fuel Assembly Refueling Period Reactivity Control Steam Generator Reactor Coolant Pump Control Rod Drive Mechanism SMART Integral PWR 330 MWth 100 MWe (in case of desalination : 90 MWe) 60 years > 15 % 17x17 Square 2m UO2 Ceramic (< 5 w/o) 57 36 months Control Rod Assembly, Soluble Boron Helically Coiled, Once-Through Type (8) Glandless Canned Motor Pump (4) Magnetic-Jack Type (25)
13
System Parameters
Parameter Core Thermal Power (MWth) Design Pressure/Temperature (MPa/oC) Operating Pressure (MPa) SG Inlet Temperature (oC) SG Outlet Temperature (oC) Flow Rate (kg/sec) Steam Pressure (MPa) Steam Temperature (oC) Steam Superheating (oC) SG Tube Material SG Tube I.D/O.D (mm) Tube Plugging Margin (%) Value 330 17/360 15 323 295.7 2090 5.2 298 30 Inconel 690 12/17 10
SMART
14
Nuclear Steam Supply System

General Thermal/Electric Power : 330 MWt/100 MWe Design Life Time : 60 Years
Design Characteristics
Integrated Primary System Passive Residual Heat Removal System Simplified Safety Injection System Long Refueling Cycle : 36 months Full Digital MMIS Technology
SMART
15
Control & Protection (Digital MMIS)

Fully Digitalized I&C System : DSP Platform
4 Channel Safety/Protection System and Communication 2 Channel Non-Safety System
Advanced Human-Interface Control Room

Ecological Interface Design Alarm Reduction Elastic Tile Alarm
AIS CEDM ERF ICCMS IPS MCC MCP MCR NIS NSGSC PAM -D PIS POCS PPS PRCS RCR RSR SCOPS SDCS SGCS SGSC SMS SS TSC : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Alarm and Indication System Control Element Drive Mechanism Emergency Response Facility Inadequate Core Cooling Monitoring Information Processing System Motor Control Center Main Coolant Pump Main Control Room Nuclear Instrumentation System Non - Safety Grade Soft Controller PAM Display Process Instrumentation System POwer Control System Plant Protection System PRocess Control System Rad waste Control Room Remote Shutdown Room SMART COre Protection System SeconDary Control System Safety Grade Control System Safety Grade Soft Controller Specific Monitoring System Sub - network Switch Technical Support Center System
Safety A channel Safety B channel Safety C channel Safety D channel Safety Interface network Non-Safety X channel Non-Safety Y channel Non-Safety Interface network Non-Safety Backbone network
RSR
RCR
TSC
ERF
LDP
PAM-D Safety Shutdown Control Panel NSGSC NSGSC SGSC NSGSC NSGSC
Hard-wired connection Logical data flow connection
Display such as Information (IPS), Indication (AIS) and Alarm (AIS)
Auxiliary Control Panel
Non-Safety Backbone Network
SGSC
Main Control Panel
Safety Interface Network
ISO
Non-safety Interface Network
AIS (PAM B) AIS (PAM A) PPS D PPS C PPS B PPS A
AIS
IPS
PIS D PIS C SMS B (ICCMS) SMS A (ICCMS) PIS B PIS A
NIS D NIS C NIS B NIS A
RTSG D RTSG C RTSG B RTSG A
SGCS D SGCS C SGCS B SGCS A
NIS Y SMS (NIMS) NIS X
PIS Y PIS X POCS
PRCS Y PRCS X
SDCS Y SDCS X
CEDM Field Sensors Field Sensors Ex-Core Detectors MCC NIMS Sensors Ex-Core Detector Field Sensors
MCP
MCC
MCC
SMART
16
Balance of Plant
Electric System

100% x 2 Emergency DG & Alternate AC Power (Water-tight Bldg) Emergency Battery to Vital Systems for 10 hrs Passive Auto-catalytic Hydrogen Recombiners (12) Containment Spray System (2 Trains) Water source from Sump integrated IRWST Containment Isolation System TBN Bldg Aircraft Impact Proof Quadrant Wrap-around Fuel Storage Inside Aircraft Impact Proof Single Base-mat with Containment (Seismically Resistant)
17
Containment Building

EDG Bldg
Aux. Bldg
Auxiliary Building
SMART
Containment
Composite Bldg
Safety Consideration
Core Damage Frequency
less than 10-6 / RY
Containment Failure Frequency

less than 10-7 /RY
Operator Action Time

at least 30 min.
Capacity for Station Blackout

EDG(2), AAC, Battery
Severe Accident Mitigation Capability

In-Vessel Retention, ERVC, PARS, Containment Spray System
Seismic Design
0.3g SSE
SMART
18
CDF Contributor (Full Power Internal Events)

%SGHR, 0.6 %LOOP, 1.7 %SLBU, 0.2 %LODC, 0.0 %LOKV, 0.1 %RCPE, 2.2 %ISLOCA, 1.0 %LOCCW, 0.0
%TLOCCW, 4.0 %GTRN, 4.4
%SGTR, 6.2 %LOFW, 7.7
%SLOCA, 35.3
%LSSB, 7.9
%ATWS, 11.4
%RVR, 17.2
SMART
19
Safety Features
Inherent Safety
No Large Break : vessel penetration < 2 inch Large Primary Coolant Inventory per MW Low Power Density (~2/3) Large PZR Volume for Transient Mitigation Low Vessel Fluence ( 1.1 x 1014 n/cm2) Large Internal Cooling Source (Sump-integrated IRWST)
Engineered Safety Features

Passive Residual Heat Removal System (50 % x 4 train)
- Natural Circulation - Replenishable Heat Sink (Emergency Cooling Tank)
Safety Injection System (100 % x 4 train)

- Direct Vessel Injection from IRWST
Shutdown Cooling System (100 % x 2 Train) Containment Spray System (2 Train)
Severe Accident Management

In-Vessel Retention and ERVC Passive Hydrogen Control (PARs)
SMART
20
Safety Systems of SMART

Passive Residual Heat Removal System (4 trains) Safety Injection System (4 trains) Shutdown Cooling System (2 trains) Containment Spray System Emergency Diesel Generator (2) Alternate AC Hydrogen Control
Passive auto-catalytic recombiner (12)
Counter Measure : Severe Accident

Large inventory of reactor coolant Large containment volume
SMART
21
Passive Residual Heat Removal System
passively removes the residual heat from the secondary side of SG through natural circulation (10 m height difference btw SG and Hx) cools down the temperature of RCS to 200 within 36 hours through removing the core decay heat and the sensible heat of reactor coolant after the reactor tripped from any power level
SMART
22
Station Blackout Management

SMART is secured against Station Blackout
2 Water-tight EDG and AAC insures Emergency Power Supply If EDG/AAC fails, Fully Passive (No Electricity) PRHRS insures
Safe Shutdown (PRHRS Heat Sink can be Replenished)

Scenario
1 2 3 4
EDG/AAC
Yes No No No
PRHRS
All 4 Trains All 4 Trains 2 Trains No
Grace Time*
20 Days** 10 Days** 2.6 Days
* Grace Time : the Time allowed for Operators Action before Core Damage ** No Replenishment of PRHRS Heat Sink Assumed
Hydrogen Control
PAR (12) passively removes Hydrogen in Containment, if any Large containment volume - Max. hydrogen contents assuming 100% fuel clad oxidaion < 7 % : Hydrogen explosion does not occur
SMART
23
Post Fukushima Action Items

No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
SMART
Action Items Automatic RX Shutdown @Earthquake >0.18g Strengthen Aseismic Design for MCR Panel Provide Water-tight Door & Drain Pump Secure Mobile Generator and Battery Improve Alternate EDG Design Criteria Fix-up Extra Transformer Anchor Bolt Prepare Measure to Cool-down SFP Prepare Anti-Flood & Recovery for Final Heat Removal Provide Passive Autocatalytic Recombiner Provide Depress. or Purge on RX. Bldg Provide External Injection Path on SI
24
Resolution To be resolved @SSAR Done To be resolved @SSAR To be resolved @SSAR To be resolved @PSAR To be resolved @PSAR To be resolved @SSAR To be resolved @PSAR Done N/A for SMART To be resolved @SSAR
Contents
SMR Perspectives Design & Safety Features of SMART Current (Licensing) Status Summary
SMART
25
Technology Validation & Standard Design Approval

2009
Technology Validation
2010
2011
Licensing Support
2012~17
Separate Effect Tests Design Tools & Methods Integral Effect Tests (VISTA)
Key Safety & Performance Validation
Standard Design
Standard Design, Licensing Q&A SSAR, CDM, EOG
Licensing
Pre-Application Review
Regulatory Review
Pre-Application
SDA Application Standard Design Approval

SMART- ITL Integral System Confirmation Tests
FOAKE Plant Construction SMART
Plan Preparation Underway
Construction
26
Current Status
Technology Validation
Separate Effect Tests : 20 tests completed Integral Effect Tests : small scale SBLOCA tests completed
Standard Design
CDM, SSAR , EOG and related documents were submitted
for the application of Standard Design Approval : Dec. 2010
Licensing
Pre-application Review (by KINS) : 2010 SDA Licensing Review (by KINS) : 2011 Standard Design Approval (Target) : End of 2011
SMART
27
Licensing Milestone toward SDA

Pre-Application Review : completed (2010)
System Description, Preliminary Safety Analysis Reports, Tools &
Methods, Validation Test Plan, etc. (~ 800 Q&As)
Application of Standard Design Approval (Dec. 2010~ )

Certified Design Material, SSAR, EOG and related documents,
and 22 Technical Reports were submitted. Document Conformance Evaluation (Feb. 2011)
- 190 comments demanding supplementary / additional materials 1st Round Questionnaire (April, 2011) - 932 Q&As 2nd Round Questionnaire (July, 2011) - 470 Q&As Nuclear Safety Committee Review : Nov. 2011 (target) Standard Design Approval : End of 2011
SMART
28
Project Organization - SMART SDA
Technology Validation : $60M Standard Design : $85M

SMART
29
Partnership for the SMART Project

KEPCO Consortium
Project Management, Funding, Marketing Evaluation Leads the feasibility study on the construction of a FOAKE plant site survey, social acceptance, economics, etc
KAERI
KEPCO Consortium
SMART
30
Contents
Introduction History and Status of the SMART Project Design Features Safety of the SMART Summary
SMART
31
Deployment Consideration
Domestic Construction Plan of Reference Plant
Construction Planning (2012) Site Survey (2013~2015) Construction of Reference Plant (2015~2019 : FOAK)
Design Improvement for Construction (2012~2014)

Application of Fukushima Daiichi Action Plans Prepare Automatic Reactor Shutdown @ Earthquake (> 0.18g) Enforce Seismic and Tsunami Criteria Prepare External Injection Path on the Safety Injection Line Improve Cooling Performance of Spent Fuel Pool Prepare Mobile Generation Facility & Connection Points Optimization of BOP System Arrangement & Layout
SMART
32
Construction
Footprint
300 x 300 m for Electricity System 300 x 200 m for Desalination System
Boundaries
EAB : Circle of R300 m EPZ : 1.5 km LPZ : 2 km
Construction Period
3 years (n-th plant)
Economics (as of 2007)

Construction Cost
: $5,000 ~ $6,000/kWe Levelized Generation Cost : ~ 6.1 /kWh

SMART
33
Summary
SMR can provide Flexible Solutions to energy, water & environmental issues Certified SMART Design will be available for commercial deployment SMART is a viable option for early deployment of SMR
Enhanced safety and operability by advanced design features Low licensing risks by using proven and validated technologies Flexible applications for both electricity and heat supply KEPCO consortium with wide NPP experiences strengthens the viability
of SMART
SMART
34
Thank you for attention !
Integral PWR - SMART

330 MWt (100 MWe) nominal output
ICI Nozzles Control Rod Drive Mechanism Pressurizer
Small core (57 fuel assemblies) and source term Unit output enough to support electricity, water and heat demand for population of 100,000
Integral PWR with no large RPV penetrations

Less than 2 penetrations In-vessel Pressurizer, Steam Generator and RCP (Canned Motor Pump
Inherent Safety
Elimination of LB-LOCA by design No core uncovery during SB-LOCA Large Coolant Inventory per MW Low Power Density (~2/3 of Large PWR)
Steam Nozzle Upper Guide Structure Core Support Barrel Feedwater Nozzle Flow Mixing Header Assy Core
Performance proved Fuel

Standard 17x17 UO2 (< 5 w/o U235) w/reduced height (2m) Advanced Grid / IFM design Peak Rod Burnup < 60 GWd/t Performance proved @ operating PWRs
Steam Generator
Improved Core Operability

Cycle length: 1,000 EFPD (~ 3 years) Proven reactivity control measures - CRDM, Soluble Boron, BP
SMART
36
Fuel & Core

Fuel
Proven 17 x 17 UO2 Ceramic Fuel with Reduced Height (2m) Peak Rod Burn-up < 60GWD/MTU
180 A B C D E F G H J 90 4 8 4 1 8 20 24 20 8 2
20
12
12
20
20
12
12
12
20
24
12
12
24
20
12
12
12
20
20
12
12
20
Core
57 Fuel Assemblies Fuel Cycle Length : 3 years Availability Factor : 95%
20
24
20
8 270
2.82 w/o U-235 21 FA
4.88 w/o U-235 36 FA
N indicates No. of UO2+Gd2O3 fuel rods.
90 R1 1
Reactivity Control
Magnetic-Jack type CRDM Soluble Boron Burnable Poison
S2 180 R1 S2
S2
S2
R2
R3
R2
S1
S1
S2
R3
R1
R3
R1
S1
S1
S2
R2
R3
R2
S2
S2
R1 270
60 years of on-site Spent Fuel Storage

SMART
Regulating Bank
Shutdown Bank
37
Reactor Vessel Assembly

Primary Components in RPV
8 helical once-through SGs 4 canned motor pumps Internal steam pressurizer 25 magnetic jack type CRDMs
RPV
Max 6.5m (D) x 18.5m (H) Material : SA508 Grade 3, Class 1
SMART
38
RPV and Internals

CRDM Nozzle
CRDM (25)
PSV Nozzle
In-vessel Steam Pressurizer
ICI Nozzle
Upper Guide Structure Core Support Barrel

ICI Support Structure
Component Cooling Sealing Can Impeller Flywheel
Stator Cooler Diffuser Shaft Rotor
Canned Motor Pump(4) Helically-coiled Steam Generator (8)

Flow Skirt
Flow Mixing Header Assembly 39
SMART
Nozzles
Items RCP Nozzles Feed Water Nozzles Steam Nozzles Safety Injection Nozzles Shutdown Cooling Nozzles Chemical Volume Control System Nozzles Ex-Core Detector Nozzles Reactor Coolant Ventilation Nozzles
* Nozzle IDs are < 2.0 inch
Ea 4 8 8 4* 4* 2* 2* 1*
Nozzles on RPV
RCP
SMART
40
Reactor Closure Head Assembly

CRDM Nozzle Name (Item)
CRDM Nozzle PZR Heater Nozzle PZR Safety Valve Nozzle SDS Nozzle PZR Spray Nozzle ICI Nozzle RV Level Gauge Nozzle
ICI Nozzle
No
25 10 2 2 4 29 2
Name (Item)
PZR Level Gauge Nozzle PZR Temp. Gauge Nozzle PZR Press. Gauge Nozzle Ex-Core Detector Nozzle PZR Sampling Nozzle PZR Ventilation Nozzle
No
3 2 4 4 1 1
RV Upper Flange
ICI Guide Tube Structure
SMART
41
Pressurizer
In-Vessel Pressurizer
Pressurizer Space - Closure head and upper region of UGS - Not a separate equipment (hardware) Pressure Control : by Electric heater - Steam & coolant mixture Insulation
Steam Operating Level
- External Insulation on the Closure Head - Wet Thermal Insulation
Surge Tubes
Heater
SMART
42
Major Component Design

Steam Header
Steam Generator
Helically coiled once-through HEX Produce Super-heated steam (30) Tube material : Alloy 690 Tube inspection (ISI)
Outer Shell

Canned motor pumps Horizontally mounted on RV wall Monitoring
- Rotational Speed : Flow-rate - Acoustic & Vibration - Temperature (Coil, Coolant) - Motor Overload
Diffuser Shaft Cooling Tubes Stator Impeller Feed Water Header Terminal Box Component Cooling Water Nozzle
SMART
43
Digital MMIS
Fully Digitalized I&C System : DSP Platform
4 Channel Safety/Protection System and Communication 2 Channel Non-Safety System
Advanced Human-Interface Control Room

Ecological Interface Design Alarm Reduction Elastic Tile Alarm
AIS CEDM ERF ICCMS IPS MCC MCP MCR NIS NSGSC PAM -D PIS POCS PPS PRCS RCR RSR SCOPS SDCS SGCS SGSC SMS SS TSC : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Alarm and Indication System Control Element Drive Mechanism Emergency Response Facility Inadequate Core Cooling Monitoring Information Processing System Motor Control Center Main Coolant Pump Main Control Room Nuclear Instrumentation System Non - Safety Grade Soft Controller PAM Display Process Instrumentation System POwer Control System Plant Protection System PRocess Control System Rad waste Control Room Remote Shutdown Room SMART COre Protection System SeconDary Control System Safety Grade Control System Safety Grade Soft Controller Specific Monitoring System Sub - network Switch Technical Support Center System
Safety A channel Safety B channel Safety C channel Safety D channel Safety Interface network Non-Safety X channel Non-Safety Y channel Non-Safety Interface network Non-Safety Backbone network
RSR
RCR
TSC
ERF
LDP
PAM-D Safety Shutdown Control Panel NSGSC NSGSC SGSC NSGSC NSGSC
Hard-wired connection Logical data flow connection
Display such as Information (IPS), Indication (AIS) and Alarm (AIS)
Auxiliary Control Panel
Non-Safety Backbone Network
SGSC
Main Control Panel
Safety Interface Network
ISO
Non-safety Interface Network
AIS (PAM B) AIS (PAM A) PPS D PPS C PPS B PPS A
AIS
IPS
PIS D PIS C SMS B (ICCMS) SMS A (ICCMS) PIS B PIS A
NIS D NIS C NIS B NIS A
RTSG D RTSG C RTSG B RTSG A
SGCS D SGCS C SGCS B SGCS A
NIS Y SMS (NIMS) NIS X
PIS Y PIS X POCS
PRCS Y PRCS X
SDCS Y SDCS X
CEDM Field Sensors Field Sensors Ex-Core Detectors MCC NIMS Sensors Ex-Core Detector Field Sensors
MCP
MCC
MCC
SMART
44
Balance of Plant
Schematic Diagram of the Secondary System
SMART
45
Reactor Containment Building

Pre-Stressed Concrete Lined with Carbon Steel Plate Maintains structural integrity of cavity in severe accident Aircraft Crash
Requirements are under legislative process in Korea SMART : designed to have reinforced CV and Aux. Bldg against Aircraft Crash
Containment Building - Design Pressure : 35 psig - Design Temperature : 240F
SMART
46

Aseismic Structural Integrity Tsunami Protection Automatic Reactor Shutdown System @>0.18g Earthquake Plant Safety System Seismic Design: 0.3g SSE Designed Site Elevation > 10m Water-tight Doors and Drain Pumps for Emergency Power Sources and Safety Related Equipments (EDG, AAC, Battery, SFSP Cooling System, Circulation Water Intake System.) Install Mobile Emergency Diesel Generator/Battery per each plant site External Cooling Water Supply Lines to SFSP (+Mobile Water Supply) Enhance AAC Design Requirements @ Multiple Units Failure (Capacity, Cooling Mechanism, Fuel Storage) Installation of Passive Auto-Catalytic Recombiners (PAR) and Real-time Hydrogen Monitors Containment Depressurization/Exhaust System @Severe Accident Additional Installation of External Emergency Cooling Water Injection Lines for both Primary/Secondary Systems and Safety Parameter Monitoring System Enhance Operator Training Program @ Severe Accident Scenarios Enhancement of Emergency Preparedness (Additional Storage of Potassium Iodide, Gas Masks, Filters, RMonitors, RPSuit) Revise Emergency Action Level of Radiation Emergency Plan reflecting earthquake and/or tsunami level 47
Remark
SSAR Revise Done @Construction SSAR Revise
Additional Emergency Power Source and Heat Sink Severe Accident Mitigation
SSAR Revise SSAR Revise @Construction Done @Construction SSAR Revise @Construction @Construction @Construction
Others
SMART
Technology Validation Program

SMART basically adopts Proven Technologies of Existing PWR SMART-specific Technologies are being fully Validated
Experimental Validation of SMART-specific Design Performance and Safety Total of 22 Validation Experiments were Selected based on PIRT (Phenomena Identification and Ranking Table) Experts Opinions from Regulation, Industries, Institutes and Universities Experimental Validation envelop Fuel/Core, TH/Safety, Mechanics/Components and Digital I&C Software Validation of Key Design Tools and Methods (11) Core Physics, Core Thermal-Hydraulics, Safety Analysis, .
SMART
48
SMART Design Code System

Nuclear Design CASMO/MASTER Safety Analysis TASS/SMR-S
Fission Product Analysis ORIGEN
CAD/CAE INVENTOR
Shielding Design MCNP, ANISN, DORT
Structure Design ANSYS, ABAQUS
Criticality Analysis MCNP
PRHRS HX Sizing TSCON
Core T/H Design MATRA-S
Steam Generator Sizing ONCESG Core Monitoring System Design SCOMS
Core Protection System Design SCOPS
SMART
49
Technology Validation Program

Technology Validation Technology Validation
Safety Tests
Core SET Core SET Freon CHF Freon CHF Water CHF Water CHF Safety SET Safety SET Safety Injection Safety Injection Helical SG Heat Transfer Helical SG Heat Transfer Condensation HX Heat Condensation HX Heat Transfer Transfer Integral Effect Tests Integral Effect Tests VISTA SBLOCA VISTA SBLOCA SMART-ITL SMART-ITL Digital MMIS Safety System Digital MMIS Digital MMIS Control Unit Platform Control Unit Platform Communication Switch Communication Switch Integral Safety System Integral Safety System
Tools & Methods

Code Devel/V&V Code Devel/V&V Safety: TASS/SMR-S Safety: TASS/SMR-S Core TH: MATRA-S Core TH: MATRA-S Core Protec./Monitor. Core Protec./Monitor. Design Methodology Design Methodology DNBR Analysis DNBR Analysis Accident Analysis Accident Analysis (SBLOCA, LOFA, ) (SBLOCA, LOFA, ) Integral Rx Dynamics Integral Rx Dynamics
Performance Tests
Fuel Assembly Fuel Assembly Out-of-Pile Mech./Hydr. Out-of-Pile Mech./Hydr. RPV TH RPV TH RPV Flow Distribution RPV Flow Distribution Flow Mixing Header Ass. Flow Mixing Header Ass. Integral Steam PZR Integral Steam PZR PZR Level Measurement PZR Level Measurement Components Components RCP Hydrodynamics RCP Hydrodynamics RPV Internals Dynamics RPV Internals Dynamics SG Tube Irradiation SG Tube Irradiation Helical SG ISI Helical SG ISI In-core Instrumentation In-core Instrumentation Digital MMIS Control Room Digital MMIS Digital MMIS MMI Human Interface MMI Human Interface Control Room FSDM Control Room FSDM
Standard Standard Design Design
V&V V&V
Technical Reports Technical Reports
Standard Standard SAR SAR
Standard Design Approval Standard Design Approval

SMART
50
Design Data
High Temperature & High Pressure T/H Integral Tests
PRHR Tank
Steam Line RCP
Reactor Vessel
VISTA- ITL
PRHRS Makeup Tank
VISTA- ITL
Experimental Validation of SBLOCA Phenomena Height Ratio = 1:2.8, Area Ratio = 1:470, Operating Parameter Ratio : 1:1 Single Loop
SG
SMART- ITL
Experimental Validation of Integral Performance and Safety Height Ratio = 1:1, Area Ratio = 1:49, Operating Parameter Ratio = 1:1 Four Loops
Feedwater Line
SMART- ITL
SMART
51
Technology Validation Program- Core & Fuel

CHF Correlation System V&V Subchannel Code V&V
MATRA-S code
Subchannel integral balance eq. Homogeneous/Slip Equilibrium Implicit, marching scheme Inlet flow/Exit pressure B.C.
Freon CHF Test

Freon-loop CHF Test
Fluid-to-fluid Scaling Law CHF Data for SSAR CHF Correlation CHF characteristics at low velocity Influence of cold wall and grid spacing
Grids for CHF Test
Water CHF/Mixing Test

5x5 Test Bundle
MATRA-S structure
MATRA SETUP SETRI
Read-In
CHF Data Analysis

DIFFER-4
TH Field Analysis: MATRA-S Local Parameter CHF Correlation Limit DNBR

- Correlation Coefficients Optimization - 95/95 tolerance limit - Statistical DNB Design - Optimization of Mixing Coefficient
Data Selection
(sample size, FA geometry, grid design, RH parameters, etc.)
Subchannel TH Analysis
(turbulent mixing factor, pressure loss coefficients)
Correlation Form Selection Coefficient Optimization

(nonlinear regression, CHF locations, M/P)
CIUNIT
Unit Conversion
SETPI
Print-Out
SETIV
Initialization
Verification & Validation

(visual verification, statistical tests, independent data)
Outer Iteration Axial Sweep
Limit DNBR
(95/95 tolerance limit, design margins)
SCHEME
HEAT-1
AREA
ENERGY DIFFER-1 MIX HEAT-2
PROP-2 VOID HEAT-3
DIVGE, DIVSOR
MATRA-S code validation

Flow & enthalpy distribution tests Flow blockage tests Inlet jetting test Subchannel void distribution tests
Fuel Temp. Geometry
DIFFER-3 MIX FORCE
1st stage (SSAR)

Pressure
2nd stage (License)

BE model for SMART fuel core Employing Water CHF data - Evaluation of SSAR correltion - Development of BE correlation
IFM grid
Enthalpy
Property
Crossflow & axial flow
RESULT
MAX. TIME?
YES
Channel & Rod results CHF summary
Subroutine name
NO
Correlation Method
Conservative model for SSAR Employing Freon CHF data - Correction factors for SMART - Additional conservatism
CHF Test Facility (KAERI)
Main functions
Water CHF Test (Stern Lab)

Mixing
Rod array Rod dia. / pitch Heater type Mid grid
END
CHF
Model Validation
5x5, full height 9.5 / 12.6 mm Indirect DC heater M-1 Uniform 1.68/0.37 C-1/C-2/C-3 U/Cos/U 1.12/0.93
Fast-run DNBR Code V&V

Code Characteristics
4 channel model for SMART core Non-iterative marching scheme Lumped channel correction factor Modular programing
4-Channel analysis model

Hot Assembly: 1/8 of single fuel assembly 2
0.000 1 1.029 2 1.013
Rod number& Peaking factor

5 1.017
3 1.035
4 1.016
2"
0.000 6 1.039 7 1.040 0.000
Subchannel number
2"
8 1.037 9 1.017 10 1.019
2'
11 1.046
3
12 1.033
2"
2'
14 1.013 15 1.016
3
16 1.044
4
17 1.046
3
0.000
Code Applications
- STDNBR module in SCOPS - POL module in SCOMS - Transient DNBR analysis module
13 1.033
Boundary of Fuel Assembly 2"
2"
2'
19 1.027 0.000
3
20 1.029
2'
21 1.015
Core Average Channel : One fuel assembly
0.000
18 1.025
22 0.977
2"
23 1.008 24 0.990 25 0.990 26 1.006
2'
27 0.985
2"
28 0.969 29 0.952 30 0.938
CHF SAFDL Thermal Margin Transient DNBR Setpoint analysis MMIS Algorithm
ID of test bundle Axial power shape Radial, hot/cold
Fabrication
2"
31 0.973 32 0.969 33 0.969 34 0.971 35 0.961 36 0.952 37 0.940 38 0.932 39 0.928
A) 4-channel core representation
B) Channel 2 in details
Fuel Component Test
FA Out-of-pile Test
FAMeCT
Specifications Strain type sensors Static scanner, 140 ch. Dynamic scanner, 30 ch. Displacement, Force, Strain, Acceleration measurement Tasks Full size PWR FA characterization Vibration Bending stiffness Impact performance
Core Protection/Monitoring System V&V

Functional Design Requirements SCOPS/SCOMS Program Uncertainty Analysis
Tests for Component Selection

Spacer Grid Impact Test Top/Bottom Nozzle Structure Test Debris Filtering Test Fuel Rod Characteristics Tests Control Rod Component Tests
DNBR Model
DB Analysis (Non-RDB) Ind. Programing (MMIS) Module & Unit Test DB Analysis (RDB, Addressable)
Validation
Protection System (SCOPS)

Input Signals - CRA Positions Input Signals - Pump Speed - Tc/Th Temp. - Excore Flux - Pzr Press.
Monitoring System (SCOMS)

INPUT SIGNAL SIGVAL (1 sec) COREPOW (1 sec)
RCS Flow Neutron Pow Temp. cal TBN Pow Primary Q Secondary Q Signal Validation Test Alarm Determine Reactor Q
POL (? sec)
LPD POL Alarm Determine POL
BN Structure Test
2000 mm
PLUTO
Specifications Two full size PWR FAs Max operating condition - Flow rate: 1400 m3/hr - Temp.: 210oC - Pressure: 3.5 MPa Tasks Hydraulic compatibility - Flow-induced vibration - Endurance of two different FA (wear)
CRAPOS
CRA Deviation PFs CRA Positions
LPD/DNBR PFs Fail Flag
CORVAR
Core Variables Update LPD/DNBR Calculation
If, Necessary
TRPGEN
From CORVAR - Flow - Excore Flux Group Positions Subgroup Deviation Pseudo PD(i) Peaking Factor Avg. Node Power
LPD/DNBR Trip
Flow, Temp, Max. Power, Enthalpy Static DNBR Variable for DNBR
Aux. Trip, CWP
Pump Speed Pump DP PZR Pressure TBN 1st Stage P Core Inlet Temp. Core Outlet Temp. Feedwater Temp. Feedwater P Feedwater Flowrate Steam Temp. Steam Pressure Ex-Core Det. Sisnal In-Core Det. Signal CEA Position
DNBR POL
POWER3D (10 sec)

3D Power distn Peaking factors (Fq,Fr,Fxy) APS ASI Flux tilt ratio
MARGIN (1 sec)
Reactor Power LPD-POL Alarm vs. Licensed POL
CORAPD
Axial Power Distribution Avg. Node Power
Pseudo PD(i) Avg. Node Power
STDNBR
Static DNBR Calculation Variables for DNBR
Output to PPS
Alarm
DNBR-POL
Grid Impact Test
Debris Filtering Test
Core Thermal-Hydraulic Tools and Methods

SMART
Fuel Performance Tests
52
Thermal-Hydraulics and Safety

FMHA Performance Test Internal Pressurizer/Level Meas. Test
Level Meter
SG and PRHRS Hx Heat Transfer Test
Safety Injection Bypass Test
Separate Effect Test
1/5 Scaling SG Outlet Core Inlet Simulation Condition : ATM, 60C Test Matrix - 1 or 2 Section SG Braekdown Test - FMHA Outlet Flow-Hole Optimization
Design Certification for SMART Hydraulic System
1/6 Scaling PZR Internal Structure Simulation Condition: 15MPa, Saturation Temperature Test Matrix - Normal Condition - In-surge/Out-surge - Level Measurement Test
Tube Modeling Test Condition : - Normal and Transient Scale Ratio Height/Volume) :1/2.8 , 1/473 Single Loop Simulation Operating Condition (Power/Pressure): 100% / 15MPa Safety Certification PRHR Tank
Scale Ratio : 1/5 Operationg Condition : < 4MPa, Saturated Temp.
Scale Ratio : 1/49 Design Concept : 4 Loop, 4 Train Secondary side Operating Condition (Power/Pressure): < 30% Power, 15MPa Reactor Vessel RCP PRHRS Makeup Tank Steam Generator
Steam Line
Scale Ratio : 1/5 Simulation of reactor internal structure Operating Condition: 1 MPa, 100C Test Matrix - Normal condition - 1 RCP Stop
VISTA ITL
Reactor Pressure Vessel Assembly Flow Distribution Test
Integral Test Loop (ITL)

Feedwater Line
SMART-ITL
Thermal-Hydraulic Performance Tests

SMART
Safety Validation Tests

53
Mechanics & Components

A B
Alloy 690 Test Specimen
0.4T CT Small Tensile
Tensile Hv / M
0.4T Compact Tension Test Specimen
Structural Dynamics Test and Analysis Method
SMART Steam Generator Winded With Helical Tubes
Neutron Irradiation in HANARO
Verification of Structural Dynamic Analysis Method
Verification of Hydraulic Load Analysis Method
Reactor Coolant Pump Performance Test
HANARO and Capsule Including Alloy 690 Test Specimen for Neutron Irradiation
RPV Dynamics & Canned Motor Pump Tests

SMART
SG Tube Material (A690) Irradiation Test
54
Component Maintenance
Insertion Test of ICI (In-Core Instrument)
ICI sensor Spec. Dia. : 10.7 mm Length: 18 m Insert Force Analysis of ICI
Real Path of In-Core Instrument
Insert Force Analysis of Eddy Current Sensor
ISI (In-Service Inspection) Test Using Eddy Current Sensor
Eddy Current Sensor Spec. Detector Dia. : 10.5 mm Length: 40 m
ISI Test Mock-up for Steam Generator
Top-mounted In-core Instrumentation

SMART
Helical SG In-service Inspection

55

08.park SMART Korea

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INPRO Dialogue Forum on Nuclear Energy Innovations: CUC for Small & Medium-sized Nuclear Power Reactors, 10-14

October 2011, Vienna, Austria

Keun Bae Park SMART Technology Development

SMART : System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

- desalination, process heat, etc

User Expectations (Requirements)

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Economical Aspects (Competitiveness)

Shorter Construction Time Multiple Units per Plant

Just-in-time Capacity Addition (Scalability)

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Basic Concept of SMART

Steam Transformer Steam Intake Facilities Seawater Desalination Plant

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Application of SMART (1)

From Power Plant

Return to Power Plant

From Condensate Return

Schematic Diagram of MED-TVC

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Application of SMART (2)

Electric Power Generation (MWe)

Expected design point for 85 C hot water

60 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

LP TBN Exit Pressure (bar)

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Heat Generation (Gcal/hr)

Integral PWR - SMART

Integral PWR with no large RPV penetrations

Reactor Coolant Pump

Performance proved Fuel

Improved Core Operability

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Nuclear Steam Supply System

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Control & Protection (Digital MMIS)

Advanced Human-Interface Control Room

Hard-wired connection Logical data flow connection

Display such as Information (IPS), Indication (AIS) and Alarm (AIS)

Auxiliary Control Panel

Non-Safety Backbone Network

Main Control Panel

Safety Interface Network

Non-safety Interface Network

AIS (PAM B) AIS (PAM A) PPS D PPS C PPS B PPS A

PIS D PIS C SMS B (ICCMS) SMS A (ICCMS) PIS B PIS A

NIS D NIS C NIS B NIS A

RTSG D RTSG C RTSG B RTSG A

SGCS D SGCS C SGCS B SGCS A

NIS Y SMS (NIMS) NIS X

PIS Y PIS X POCS

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor

Containment Failure Frequency

Operator Action Time

Capacity for Station Blackout

Severe Accident Mitigation Capability