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http://www.archive.org/details/physiGaltrainingOOhanc
No.
1.
IN
" JIU-JITSU."
Physical Training
for
Children
By Japanese Methods
A
Manual
for
Home
BY
H.
Author of
"I,ife at
Irving
Hancock
West Point," "Japanese Physical Training," " Physical Training for Women by Japanese Methods," etc.
Illustrated
from photographs by
A. B. Phelan
New York
XLbc ftnickerbocker
1904
Gv
CONGRESS
7^
U 7n
LIBRARY
Two
of
CoDles Received
MAY ]6 1904
Ceovrlorht Ent^r
n<OPY %B 1.
Copyright, 1904
BY
G. P.
PUTNAM'S SONS
May,
Published,
1904
Ube
ftnicberbocftec press,
Dew
Sork
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
Why
Physical Exercise
is
I.
PAGB
Needed
if
One
is
to
be Healthy
The
CHAPTER
The "
Struggle " in
its
II.
Varied Forms
.16
CHAPTER
The Need
Heavier
III.
31
47
CHAPTER
Tug-of-War
Drills
V.
62
CHAPTER
Strengthening the Back
iii
VI.
77
iv
Contents
CHAPTER
VII.
PAGB
92
CHAPTER
VIII.
Feats for Rapidly Strengthening the Whole Body of the Advanced Student
io8
CHAPTER
IX.
More about Resistance of Muscles Exercises that Employ it to the Utmost Summer Out-Door Sports
123
CHAPTER
X.
Muscle-Bound American Athletes Mistakes that the Japanese Avoid Last Words to Pupils .141
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGB
"......
Elbows,
Resistant
Frontispiece
Hooked
"
Travel
"
and
lo
12
18
/
"Pivot"
...
. .
22
^'
The
26
The
48
50
'
Single-Hand Pole
Work Overhead
...
52 " 54
56
The
First
62
64
'
Shoulder
is
.70
This exercise
a rapid muscle-maker.
vi
Illustrations
PAGE
The Hold Back of the Head, the Victim Forced over Forward
being
82
Erect Position
the
Start
....
.
.
100
.102
and a handy
trick in self-de-
GO
makes
for strong
IO4
An
exercise that
arms and
inci-
dentally hardens
many
muscles.
.
io6
especially of
ward Drag
is
Attempted
the
Start
io8
no
112
Work
Muscle
in
the Body
114
Work
Neck and Back Movement Calling for Much Resistance
116
....,,.,.
118
Illustrations
Forcing the Victim to one Knee, and then, after
Rising, to
vii
PAGE
.120
126
ward
There are three excellent forms of
this exercise.
Resistant Neck
Work
128
130
132
The Acme
Bend134
INTRODUCTION
These few pages are addressed directly to who have in charge the physical training
it
those
of children, and
is
Yet
it
to
make
reasoning
and a companion.
should the Japanese physical training
Why
ple?
system., jm-jitsu,
The answer
athletes.
Travellers
from
of
time to time,
wonderful tales
and none
them exaggerated
of
among
the
Introduction
Some
began
his
study of jiu-jitsu
under
Inouye
a redoubtable
Upon
his
triumvirate of muscle-
trainers.
return
when
Six
that master
came
weeks
of
instruction
the preliminary
of jiu-jitsu
will
strength-producing
training
and
than
will the
in
same amount
of time per
week spent
many
of our
claim, let us
history.
examine some
facts of
very recent
policeman
course
vcv
jiu-jitsu.
When
Introduction
the civilised powers marched against Pekin the
xi
in
summer
of
all
of 1900
it
soldiers
our
regular
among
the
field.
and
proved their
day
fifty
after
day, to out-
per cent.
Through
miles a day
through
the
most
bitter
weather.
soldiers
day a
satisfactory average.
Ks jiu-jitsu
it is
the only
evident that
this
system which
gives
in
the world.
The
should
less
down
in this
volume
is in-
The
feats
in
of
is
advantageous to
in
reviewing
The amount
It
is
sical training
the schools.
xii
Introduction
daily,
impossible
it
is
advised to
days
in
in
the week.
instruction
can be
made
to
sufifice
if
the
pupils can
school hours.
And much
way
of urging the
young people
Necessarily
many
But
this
training \njm-jitsu.
This
hall can
when
training.
have basements
may be
taught.
There
ridors.
is
Best of
in
all,
in
that
is,
May
best advantage of
all in
Introduction
The
III., in
xiii
especial
directed to Chapter
which are given several forms of exerbe found of great value to childare too weakly to enter at once into
ren
who
by way
as
As soon
one
mastered, and a
new
taken up,
it is
On
some
of the
the
It is
suggested
an excellent idea
number each
marginal note
amount
of time required
in
movement
will
be of great assistance
making a
are to be taken
boys or
girls
xiv
Introduction
but this was
done merely
in
training should be
On
the con-
or girl
throughout
training,
life.
year of
among the exercises as his and his own bodily needs suggest.
is
in-
Since
it
this
country as
its
is
offered as to
pro-
call
jew'-jitss.
on the
first
syllable.
not expressed at
all.
H. Irving Hancock.
New
York,
April
9,
1904.
CHILDREN
BY JAPANESE METHODS
CHILDREN
BY JAPANESE METHODS
CHAPTER
WHY
PHYSICAL EXERCISE
IS
I
NEEDED
IF
ONE
IS TO BE HEALTHY THE JAPANESE SYSTEM OF TRAINING THE BODY WHAT IS MEANT BY "RESISTANT MUSCLE" WORK THE FIRST FEATS TO UNDERTAKE
Why should
it
physical exercises?
Why
one
why
should he be expected to do
it,
and why
it?
The answer
very simply.
to these questions
may be stated
of health
their
order
are
given
food,
live
air,
water,
and exercise.
human
for
being cannot
air is
more than
him.
denied
He
can
live
longer period
without food.
can
live
possible,
to
live
human
being does
Training of
all
body
if
is
it
is
necessary
the
human being is
state of health.
to bring his
body
in
to the highest
Just as
air,
life
the body, so
is
new
by
is
purified
breathing in
Then the
called the
required to
pump
This process
The
First Feats to
of the blood.
Undertake
What good
circulation
does
The
is life.
answer
is
body
in
The nourishment
the
by
stomach
and
the lungs,
and
pumped
carries to
to remain alive.
The
cell
basis of life
is
cell.
This
is
the
of animal organism.
The
and,
forms
cell,
fibre,
from the
start
with the
the muscles,
and
all
body
are formed
and
of this con-
up
of the body.
Then what
sort,
and
in
It will
be noted,
the
that
tint.
This
veins
is
is
When
is
this
blood
in,
is
returned
gulped
gen that
ities.
is
in
The
blood, purified by
is it
order that
may
replace
more
The proper
exercise of the
body
is
needed
them
to perform
and providing
that
it
that
should accompany
for the
all
needed
is
waste tissue
in
the
body.
The
heart
is
The
work
The
When
cles
First Feats to
is
Undertake
of so
an organ
composed
receive
many mus-
they should
constant training.
made
it
his
more exertion
than
Exercise, then always with deep breathing accomplishes these results gives exercise
:
It
it
is
for
in
the blood.
Exer-
body
and the digestive apparatus of the stomach, and enables that organ to perform
with greater
effect.
its
functions
At
muscles
slightest
power.
Even the
is
consumed
The oxygen
When
kills
dying
cells of
them with new ones. Thus the vitality of the body is increased. There is new life in the
place of that which was passing.
From
terial in
this
it
will
mathis
supplies
new and
in
better material.
For
power.
means that these muscles have been overworked, and that the processes of decay and
repair have been used to excess.
Overworked
When
it is
lame
a cerper-
formed.
In other words,
been abused.
Most pupils
gymnastic
to be guilty of over-exertion
work.
easily discernible.
If there
it
palpitation or
shortness of breath
heart there
is
an indication that
If
lameness or
stiffness
of
any of the
The
muscles
First Feats to
it
Undertake
those
Any
carried
form of
to
the
point where
Some-
times
it is
for days.
No
pupil
who
Such
of weakness,
common-sense.
At
cise
least twenty-five
known
as jiu-jitsu.
At
the art
was
known only to a privileged class of men in Japan. They were known as the samurai. They held a position corresponding to that of
the knights of Europe in the
Middle Ages.
The samurai alone were permitted to fight, the men who were not of this noble rank being allowed to accompany an army only as carriers As the samurai were not always of burdens.
employed
in war,
and
engage
8
in
would
efficient in battle.
And
so
The women
of the
samurai
class
also, so that
woman
of his
own
rank,
unless he
happened to be
The
tem
Japanese sys-
of physical training
to be found in
what
In
may be
is
work together.
must be
The
resisted
by the use of
one pupil
sailant"
will
Nor should the victim employ strength enough to make the The assailant assailant's victory impossible.
victory that will be too rapid.
The
First Feats to
Undertake
employ
difficult.
just
The simplest form of resistant work is to be had when two pupils stand, facing in opposite The directions, at each other's right sides.
arms
are
extended
just
slightly,
but
with the
clenched
fists
The
as
is
at the inside
of the
arm.
is
rigidly as
given
"Travel!"
At
the word of
command
applying
the pupil
who
has
been chosen
as aggressor should
all
walk slowly
around
his victim,
the strength in
around.
gether.
The
He
forced
The
is
upon
his
touching
heels as he
made
to
move around.
The
rigid while
lo
At
and when
employed
before,
before,
as
the one
who was
lately the
victim
No
matter
how
has advanced,
turn
left
against
left.
The
be
The
exercise, just as
in
it
should be started,
is
shown accurately
The next
exercise that
to be undertaken
is
They
"hook" shown in
At
the
command
"Travel!
who
No,
2.
"TRAVEL"
AND "PIVOT."
1'
The
First Feats to
Undertake
The
victim yields
gradually
The number
may be
When
tor
is
satisfied
he gives the
command
Halt
'
Then the pupils take several deep breaths. At the command "Resume!" the pupils hook elbows again. This time they use the
arms not employed
of the feat.
in
the
first
performance
Thus,
if
right elbows
were hooked
used the
the
first
second time.
as
The work
if
is
to be performed with
is
much
capable of;
much
is
employ more
force than
needed
for victory.
Each
ing."
this
emand
of
This
will
four bouts in
will take
all,
up much
and deeply.
12
Next
swaying movements.
affords an accurate
of the
work
of this nature.
The
assail-
The
The
Now
over as far as
is
At
this
more than to
When
may
and
aggressor, the
command "Up!
"
is
given,
employed
victim.
If
the work
is
In
movement
will defeat
No. 3.
The
First Feats to
is
Undertake
13
desired.
little
amount
assailant
of resistance
between the
the
The
should
let
victim
over very
on the
part of each.
The
without considerable
effort.
Now,
it
will
be
well, after
deep breathing of
places,
is
two to change
It
and the
the
well also to
in
change
sides.
Thus,
if
the victim
will
not be
difficult to
understand
how
the
the
victim's
back.
The
victim
bends
backward as
balance.
is
far as
14
and
weight.
Another form
of this
work
is
to be found
same
other.
The one
who
is
to act as
in front of
the latter's
abdomen.
From an
When
employing resistance
motion
difficult.
But the
no matter
how
strong,
victim.
far as
When
At
work.
all
times, in
all
pupil must
The
First Feats to
Undertake
15
employed
considerable
make
victory imposis
When
this caution
up to the standard
opponent.
of strength possessed
by
his
Where
private schools or
it
gymnasiums are
is
The bath
It is
the shower.
in
Not
all
by the condition
When
is
exercise
repeated at
home by
public-
its use.
CHAPTER
THE "struggle"
II
IN ITS VARIED
FORMS
Nothing gives more zest to school-room or gymnasium work than does the form of exercise named in the heading of this chapter. It
is
a kind of work,
strength.
too, that
makes quickly
every lesson
for
struggle should be
in
employed
in
gymnastics.
Briefly explained, the struggle
is
a form of
work that
When
of
the head.
The
all
principle
is
that the
student exerts
the
ent.
full
and
Of course
statement must be
that,
if
modified
by the warning
i6
there be
much
The "Struggle"
ants, the stronger
17
his fullest
work.
It is
when the
assailant,
aggressor, to use
of
his strength.
When
the
strength to
make
found
Now,
let
hands,
interlacing
fingers
with
each
other's.
each
other.
The
pupil
is
Now
go.
The next
for the
the floor.
one,
The
contest should be a
stubborn
limited
the
power employed to be
the assailant,
contestant.
Of
course,
when
when the
victim
is
When
room
ing.
Then
assailant
When
the struggle
is difficult,
is
done with
is
intensity,
and victory
there
a tendency to
abdomens
all
There
another
tendency to
get
The
watchful
all
Nearly
of
is
work
come through
performance.
As children have much animal matter and a minimum of lime in their bones they are able
to
derive
benefit
employed
as well
interest-
by older people.
shown
in
The
'^
Struggle
four.
" 19
photograph number
face each
At
the
hands should be on a
or slightly
level
with the
waist-line,
above.
mand "Start!"
the pupil
The
should be
how
far apart
The
Then,
be repeated
one that
calls for
strenuous
No harm
if
work
the instructor
on the
alert to see
The beneall
to the arms
to
is
great.
As
a variation
the
pupils
should be
in-
is
to be
done
20
Then the
right
hand
the
of
left
hand
Both
at
of the other,
re-
peated.
instructor
all
remember,
times,
that
In
fact, in
the beginning,
it
is
well
to give the left side rather more work. The man or woman of proper physique should have as much strength in the left side of the body as
in the right.
The form
may
be duplicated
many
ways.
Hands may be
may be employed.
far apart,
should be
No
parts
Then the
floor as
pupils
may bend
close
little
more
will
together.
With hands
may
is
struggle,
but this
A form
easy of
The
''
Struggle
"
21
is
found
in
The hands
are extended
Each
and the
slight
Then, with a
each,
somewhat
No
difficult one,
The
five.
to position,
is
in
photograph number
The
struggle
may be
varied again
by having
The elbows
are out
at
the sides
fists
are
22
The
but a
little
way
apart.
is
Every muscle
of legs, body,
possible.
and arms
the
At
stop,
haled, the
same
feat
should be performed
in
as stubborn
on both
sides as
consistent with
the
strength
is
of the
opposing pupils.
The
back
The
outstretched elbows
may
The
movement
Just by
of the trunk.
way
of varying this
back struggle,
an excellent
test
in
of strength,
the pupils
by
side.
One
At
this
No. 5.
The
far apart
;
"
Struggle
"
23
made.
The
trunks
somewhat, but
as
this contact
should be avoided
again
it is
much
as
is
possible.
And
neces-
of his
body
receives at least as
much
By way
The
latter
in
order to
be able to
more
resistance.
His heels
and
The
assail-
abdomen. draw
his
Now, the
companion
assailant
attempts to
the
latter
backward,
first
yielding inch
by
inch,
body
as
Where weights
will
24
by
sudden
jerk.
The work
is
to be
done
to be permitted
by the
in-
At
all
assail-
The
be
may
any form
motion that he
finds to
should
is
needed
for letting
one
the
other,
and
his toes
is
This task
reverse way,
may be performed
by having the
also
in
the
method
of
work
not be found as
in-
teresting
or as beneficial.
way
his
of varying the
work
hands
Then
the
The
latter
is
permitted
The
to
''
Struggle
"
25
bend
slightly
The
struggle
is
made
The
two pupils
already,
six,
been described
and
shown
is
in
photograph number
but there
variation of this
in this connection.
The
in front. in
Each
hand
clasping
own
his
right wrist.
Then
a slow, stubborn
push
floor.
be slow.
is
Then the employment of the hands reversed, so that each uses his own left hand
and
his right
hand to
struggle
point.
encircle
is
his
own
left
wrist.
The
then
repeated
back to
starting
26
that should be
employed once
in a
The
left.
With
arm he places
The
vicis
Then the
left.
victim
After a pause,
is
made,
who was
now.
every
The
be
left
some
But
all
of the struggle
work herein
should
course of a month.
When
Yet, while
it
The
is
''
Struggle
"
27
recommended
work
to
it is
effort
be not made to an
this
has
been done.
It is
the
and therefore
useless,
tissue.
A
in
hint to
increasing the
work.
When
there
is
a large class
is
impossible for
The work may be slighted or, no matter how much zeal is employed by the student, the work may be done in the wrong way. It is
;
who
display
the
most
intelligence.
as monitors.
In a
at
28
least
are to
it
move about
that
through the
and see to
every
member
is
in the right
way.
in
feeling of
is
honour
who
thus selected
efficient
knows
in
that he
is
gymnastic work.
of
in
"Hold your arms straight." Or: "Resist " You are using too much resistance.
using that form of struggle do not allow
When
deeply."
"Go to a window and breathe "You are panting. Stop the work,
class until
you
are
in this
remedy the
trouble.
is
con-
rest.
In some
The
cases
it is
*'
Struggle
"
29
When
will be, in
no necessity
been developed.
been taught
nasium.
gymover-
The same
work
is
If a
in
long tour of
physical
given daily
is
the school
more
of
exercise at
home
not needed.
in
Play will
the
way
not
in
session,
house.
If
When
it
muscular work
undertaken
it
at
home
should be
at least
begun
will
end
so
eaten.
Nor
after a meal.
is
Proper exercise
in
the
Sunday
is
proper observance of
religion.
We should try,
Him
in
Whose
CHAPTER
III
THE NEED OF LIGHT EXERCISE IN ALTERNATION WITH THE HEAVIER SAMPLE WORK OF THE LIGHTER KIND
If
left
young people
most
work.
It
and remain
at, al-
that the
by the
And
it
is
Some
will
not be able, at
to take
up any of the
severer work.
32
it
pos-
sible for
normal health
may
use
work at
light
These
mainly of benddrill
is
swaying.
rest
Where
the
taken
merely as a
students
strength.
may be
But where these exercises are emone should be always the victim
who
will
The
victim
first
drill
the instructor.
left
The
aggressor
stands at the
of the victim.
The
latter
Need
extends his
level
left
of Light Exercise
hand so that
it
33
is
about on a
The
aggressor seizes
the victim's
his
hand
both of
own hands
clasped around
Now, the
must be
As soon
far
way
ance possible.
With students
feat
of ordinarily as
good health
this
may be performed
from severer work.
many
times as the
instructor
rest
deems necessary
for the
purpose of
aggres-
Of course the
sor
right side as
is
forced to be the
all
34
This
profit,
drill
may be
and
victim
a step or
knee
in
With
feat stops
at this point
and
latter.
Now
but
it
comes a variation
excellent light
of the
work that
would not do
is
weak
pupil,
work
for
two healthy
contestants.
right
The
body.
Now
left
extended
hand,
clutching
it
with both
all
wrist.
em-
Need
of Light Exercise
is
35
When this
it
mastered
the aggressor
slowly
tim to
move backward a step or two and go down upon one knee, forcing the vicbend over toward him. And, when this
feet,
him
as far as
is
may be
still
done.
There
swaying that
as a
may be employed to advantage variation. The victim faces the instructhe vic-
The
latter contestant
extends
The
arm.
Now, the
victim
is
as
pulls his
companion back to
his
dead weight.
And
this
36
be
in
right.
how
work should be
pupil.
by an unusually weak
students
are
Where both
feat should
strong
enough the
be carried eventually
as in
There
This
is
from the
leg.
must be held
to
and tense
as
it is
possible
The assailant seizes the wrist with both hands. Now, the victim is allowed to bend over as far as may be away from the
make them.
Need
assailant,
of Light Exercise
37
for
a position as he can.
When
him back to
is
erect position.
to be gradually improved
all
upon by the
addi-
tion of
The same
to bending backward.
in
The
both
backward as
port.
far
as
Now,
erect
position,
weight.
work to
provided
it
dizziness.
Students
in ordinarily
all
good health
of the
added variations
When
this
and victim
38
may be
attempted.
The
assailant
clutches the
wrist
with both
erect position.
may be
added, but of
when the
far
strength.
Next,
let
floor,
upon
ex-
The
assailant
head
erect.
much
stronger he
may
be,
is
expected to
After
this,
the contestants
may
kneel each
Need
on the
of Light Exercise
39
right knee.
Now
is
the
left
hands are
in
the
same
strain
fashion.
When
pupil below
always
For the
step of this
work
let
the two
each
Now
on the
right
left.
left.
The swaying
is
done
same manner
as in the
when the
victim
as-
his
back to the
sailant,
who
is
also
is
by the
right.
thus the
hand by the
let
left,
or the right
by the
The
panion can
40
erect.
over
backward
as
The
arms, and
when each
and
contestant
is
in
good
health victim
been employed
in this feat.
vim and
intelligent purpose.
one knee,
exercise.
is
The
on the
left
knee,
The
assailant, also
companion.
arm
to the aggressor,
The victim extends his left who seizes the wrist with Then the victim is allowed to
right as far as
he can, after
compan-
much
as
he can by dead
Need
lar strength.
of Light Exercise
is
41
tried
and each
is
upon
arm, which
is
by the
assail-
may
is
continue the
movement
Then
assailant
places,
and do the
pupil must
work on both
The weak
In
there
will
all
is
of the kneeling
work
just described
some danger
of losing balance.
This
prove a matter of no
moment
to healthy
by the
weak
An
easier feat
is
where the
with legs
latter seats
himself on
the floor,
extended,
instructor.
The
hand
companion's
is
left side.
The
victim's left
own
his
right hand.
The
for
not
employing
right
hand
42
is
allowed to bend as
is
pulled up
students the
the victim
is
left side.
Then
side
the exercise
and employing
his
own
left
hand to clasp
Perform the
is
of gradual but
legs.
decided benefit
strengthening the
Let
flat
floor just
back of
He
should
now
floor,
and the
assailant
The
latter
now attempts
to press the
it
will go,
resist-
throw the
As soon
Need
the
of Light Exercise
43
left as it will
left.
Then
same manner.
strength this
cise
movement culminates
lifts
in
an exervic-
both of the
from
go
in either direction.
The
victim resists
by pressure
which
his
companion
work with
this
victim.
It
goes with-
his balance.
Even a healthy
over-thrown.
It
is
how
far
the exercises
is
The
44
of the
weaker ones
vigil-
under
his care,
them only
fit
him by degrees
feats.
is
em-
in
the schools
weaker ones
in
order that he
may determine
the
may be undertaken by
fatigue.
is
there
advis-
weak
child
employ
deter-
the family physician to attend a bout of exercises in the school in order that
he
may
mine
just
will
prove of
weak
little
patient.
just a few
And now
Need
of Light Exercise
45
little
the boy or
is
girl
who keenly
realises that
he or she
young people
no
sin in
There
is
being
weak when you cannot help it, but it is a crime against yourself to remain weak when the path
to health and strength
refuse to follow
it.
is
girls
The methods by which Japanese boys and are taught to make themselves ever stronger and more capable of endurance may
be followed with the utmost certainty of better
health and
girls
any-
where
always
girl
is
not
afflicted
disease.
Any boy or
up some
who
and
is
The
pupil
who
is
how much
46
are,
his
general
vitality
This
is
will
the work
summer
by
vacation.
utmost
vitality.
No
matter
who
is
not
by
in-
up
to the
boys and
associates.
girls of
whom
he
In
rules
all
that
weakly pupils
(i) (2)
They
are:
Moderation!
Moderation!!
(3)
MODERATION!!!
CHAPTER IV
THE POLE WORK
Throughout
the pole.
required
of
tough bamis
bamboo
well.
not
wood As
will
altogether
of
the
pupils using
laid
As
a general rule
it
may be
down
less
not
The diameter
For very
little less
;
of the pole,
people
may be
wood
so soft that
will
in
work
but this
48
The
work
of the
The employment
in
as a
But when
iar to
And
he
will find
out more.
He
up of the pole
his muscles,
which heretofore
will
now show
if
is
shown
of
in
photograph
finish of the
number
feat.
eight,
It is
important,
No.
8.
THE
FINISH OF
THE FEAT.
49
understand
is
how the position the start, and how every detail of performed. The two pupils stand
thoroughly just
other, with
taken at
is
the feat
facing each
They
heads as high as
it
will go.
Each has
his right
of the other's
left,
and a
At
slowly
the word of
command
the pupil
who
same
down
hand.
The
his
left.
After a
little
Now
is
hand
hand past
his
abdomen over to
his left,
assailant's
50
left
it
touches the
floor.
hands
must not be
on the pole.
Now that
floor,
pole up overhead
and bring
his
own
and now
it
is
the assailant
who
gives
just
enough
resistance to
make
victory difUcult
There
is
in this
When
the
to
as
own
is
right side
held horizontally
and
it
was
be
No.
9.
51
must reach
this
overhead point
Stu-
to follow out the instruction with strict discipline, are likely to bring the pole, on the return, no more than
dents,
made
chest
of the benefit of
the performance
When
ceeded
in
of the pole
touch the
Now
for at
class
it
a point to see to
who
is
By
this
is
thor-
oughly familiar with the resistant wrist work described in Chapter I. and illustrated in the
first
photograph.
A drill
very
much
like the
is
shown in photograph number nine. Here the two students face each other, holding the pole
as at the start in the overhead work, with the
is
held horizontally
52
just
The
pupil
who
has
been selected to
He
is
to pivot
that
to turn slowly
forces
upon
sailant
him
the
around.
"travels."
At
word
of
assailant walks
latter resisting,
the
as-
The latter continues to travel until he has swung his companion's body completely around. Then
sailant gradually gains the victory.
assailant
It is to
places.
in this
mind that
form of
side.
When
contestants
change places
in
each bout
it will
be under-
gone
pole work,
illustrated
is
by photograph number
ten.
At
No. 10.
53
glance
it
looks as
if
own
way with
But such
If
feat,
left
the victim,
is
who
the victim
hand
in this
of his companion,
in
opposite
directions.
The two
back of
his left
his right
hand upward.
The
of his
own end
its
hand
only with
back upward.
As
the exercise
have
its
At
the word of
command
it
little
below the
The
victim,
employing
The
instant,
54
it,
victory
is
assured.
As
still
Now
just as
left
hand
After
he did
and the
assailant
same manner.
It
is
to
it
employed by the
latter.
the assailant
employing
his right
hand
in resistance,
lost.
drill in
shown
in
photograph number
face each
for
manner
55
When
still
the word
is
the pole
The
When
and
the word
is
pivoting
until
she
been
It is
not necessary
work
gained
if
the aggressor
places
at
once and go
But
this
work
The
when the
victim
is
much
to
work hard
There
is
for victory.
may be employed.
before
let
In the
same position
as
each contestant
let
left
the latter's
56
permissible,
both
hands,
vic-
and
around the
tim's
right
until
forced to
make the
there
is
a great ten-
easily
any
of the
or uncorrected.
work with
child-
the pole
may
of five or six.
The bones
of very
young
will
be of decided
benefit.
must be
left to
the instructor to
Pupils of
in
reasonably good
No. 12
57
all
should be expected to do
If
it is
of the
pole work.
when
this stage
in
of exercising
its
is
reached,
it
should be used
entirety in at least
for a
much
longer time.
Lack
of attention
serious use of
it
will result in
persistent application of
ih.Q Jiu-jitsu
making muscle.
Pupils should be encouraged to practice
of the forms of pole
all
work
in
overdoing and the caution that the two contestants should be as fairly
as
is
matched
in
strength
possible.
With these
work that
twelve.
is
parenthetical
remarks
will
shown
pole
is
in
photograph number
The
The
pole, however,
58
Physical Training
for. Children
of the pole
held a foot or
of the pole.
At
the
command
down
so that
it
is
downward pressure by an upward one. Next the work is reversed so that the pole is forced down to the floor at the victim's left side. Then assailant and victim change places, and the work is gone through with once more. Naturally some side bending
of course, resisting the
is
When
tion
this
work
is
rightly
done
it
builds
illustra-
until the
A variation
tempted
in
used,
results
the
59
is
used,
is
one
in
The
contest-
which
high.
is
held horizontally and about breastthe word the assailant tries to push
At
The
will
No
it
matter
how
shift his
The
more
assail-
useful.
down the
victim must
victory possible.
just
below the
Another form
of pole drill
is
6o
The
oppo-
of the pole.
Now
left,
to the victim's
assailant travelling
victim,
Again
Care should
is
be taken that
in
this
not
should be avoided
if
Instructor
for too
own
in letis
being caused
in his neck.
There
is
the author would suggest for use at the present stage of instruction, and this not only be-
6i
because
each other.
The
victim takes an over-hand hold of his end of the pole, and remains kneeling throughout this
exercise.
He
Now,
at the
word, the
The
Of
when the
it,
companion.
It
all
times that,
no matter how
has progressed
of instruction, fre-
even compelled.
Once
X.\iQ
CHAPTER V
TUG-OF-WAR DRILLS
So much
benefit
is
At
first,
a few-
lessons
may be
methods
mastered.
and
shall de-
scribe so
many
work that
choose.
Monotony
all,
will
thus be avoided.
is
First of
to be
is
work that
ac-
number
thir-
While the
is is
pose
is
makwhat
amount
of effort.
This
62
Tug-of-War
may happen,
at times,
Drills
instructor
63
and
is
when the
One
pupil
is
tugs-of-war are
is
executed with
useless!
Study the
position, however.
Each pupil
overhand hold.
The
left
hand
is
underhand hold
the tug.
used.
is
for
The
victim
it is
room.
When
These
drills
out-of-doors, especially
At
the word of
command
Both contestants
set.
of the resistance
on both
64
assailant.
When
Shod
more or
less
on
the school or
gymnasium
floor.
On
the grass
there will be a
contestants.
testants to
much better purchase for both At home it is well for both conall
of
It
be obfor this
may
be bought
Now, study
girl
shown
in
photo-
are
tightly
interlaced,
and the
is
thumbs
the
girl
crossed.
the
assailant.
He
At
girl
the word of
command
not ex-
Tug-of-War
Drills
all his
65
own
way.
of her
body and
Of course,
if
she
is
so
much
the heavier
enough
to
make
When
same manner.
Next the
left
When,
as
is
better developed
than the
left,
the
instruc-
than
will
right.
But,
in
time,
precaution
jiu-jitsu
body
a perfect balance of
may
In this
This pole
is
held hor-
and about on a
66
going chapter.
when
good
little, it
may
not
be always possible to keep the pole just chesthigh or exactly horizontal, but this should be
done
as nearly
throughout as
of
is
possible.
Now
stretch.
companion back to
starting point.
difficult
work
is
held on a line
All
through
must be made
the pole
is
Tug-of-War
Now,
line
Drills
67
Stand
for
Each pupil
of
it,
own end
each
make most
assailant in
may obtain better purchase for resistAt the outset the assailant will need to
it
safer, at
of
command
all
is
given, and,
if
should be battle-royal.
that
is
A short
work, as
stretch
it
is all
needed for
this
is
it
not de-
and
must be
it
comes time
There
by drag-
when
full
it
energy
will
used.
As soon
as the tug
begins
68
are tense.
The
come
is
in for
and much
gained for
in
wrists
is
found
in
flexibility
and
steel-like muscles.
The
knees,
As
a simple variation,
and
slightly in
With
grasped as before.
is
a separate exercise
now
to be de-
With the
assailant,
left
When
the
and the
late assailant
Tug-of-War
Drills
69
own
left
ing
it
be
sufificient.
performed,
with retaliation.
Each pupil
made
clear.
shown
in
photograph num-
ber
fifteen.
ways
left
at the
is
back.
The
victim's
hand
Now, the
assailant
When
been covered,
places,
assailant
and
change
now employing
70
before,
start-
ing point
made.
both hands of each contestant
This
When
may
desired,
once
in awhile.
At
skilfully
is
will
side, facing
The
assailant's left
is
hand
is
and so
the vic-
tim's right.
fingers interlaced.
At
the word of
is
command
Through-
begun.
Once
in awhile,
during a bout,
it
will
be
shoulder.
clasp
is
taken.
No. 15.
a rapid muscle-maker.
Tug-of-War
There must be
little
Drills
71
The
assailant,
if
he
using his
left
hand to
endeavour-
and
the while.
late victim
Then the
right.
return drag
his left
is
made, the
his
employing
hand with
practised
opponent's
is
when the
contest-
The mus-
as
is
be moved very
during the tug.
hands
The
contest-
nearer each
The
engaged
72
hand nearer
is
opponent's
leg,
The arms
must be held
is
undesirable that
Of course the
stretch.
It will
be
move
his outer
it
up
with the other foot a process familiar to boys When victory is found to be as " inching."
impossible the victim
little
is
expected to yield a
at a time.
By
He must
every exercise
the age
clearly.
that
"In the
last exercis-e in
what part
"
of
your
feel
"
"
"
Tug-of-War
"In the small
pupil
of
Drills
I
73
my
back,
think," the
may
answer.
If this reply
then ask:
"Where was
"In
elbows.
my
* '
wrists,
"Did you
knee?"
feel
any
strain at the
"A
little,
as
remember."
"Then
"Yes,
"Now,
"In
what part
of the
body do you
"
my
wrists."
try the exercises for strengthening
"Do you
"Not
"Yes,
"
74
And
may go
on.
Pupils
who appear
work too
easily
and
such quizzes.
The
pupil
likely to
he
is
doing and
why he
is
doing
it.
At about
work,
it
will
be
who
legs,
are old
enough to understand a
clear, sim-
and
names
of these
mus-
cles
this
and
if
muscles
is
may be hung on
in the
it
the class
book may be
will
be
suffi-
knowledge of the
loca-
It will
be
sufficient to gain
time
may be devoted
Tug-of-War
Drills
75
in-
these
pupils unawares.
The
how
exercise,
larger, healthier,
and stronger
how much
of this instruction as to
mus-
in t\iQ Jiu-jitsu
class
the course,
in
physiology.
is
Where the
from the
fits
training in
physiology
reason-
may be
asked to bring
may
and
remember the
in
when
reciting
The
decision on
all
76
be
But the
more
more
jiu-jitsu,
become
to
the pupil.
CHAPTER
VI
There
are
with accuracy.
be
in
make use
as rocks."
it
common
expression, as "solid
swift runners,
and
is
will play
all
with enthusiasm
game.
In the
is
fall
he
will
tramp
for miles,
he knows there
to be discovered.
He
will
spend hours
in
home
is
outing
heavily
too
filled for
him
to carry.
77
78
Yet
same youth
to the task of
weeds
in a vegetable
work.
will
He
will lie
down
the
mope around
house,
complaining.
rela-
Then
well-meaning
tives, will
remind him of
in
him
out.
Yet there
cular
is
a reason
why
Here
is
the secret.
strong,
but the
is
and healthy.
79
us,
intervals.
human
body.
An
own
illustration of this
may be
taken from
my
experience.
A barrel of
oil
was delivered
it
at the factory.
It
of
Ropes were
at-
around the
barrel,
caught
in
the
ropes.
Barrel
five
contents
hundred pounds.
We three tried
ground.
At
the
first
attempt we got
it some two feet clear of the The second effort sent it up about a foot higher. The third time we got it a little our heads, but had to let it down in haste, over
At
this trying
time
So
the company,
walkmg
him
I called to him and asked come and help us. Smiling, he strolled up to where we stood panting. "Let go of rope," he suggested, "/put it
up."
We
on
and slowly,
it
went up
at
until
was
in position to
be swung
in
the second
floor.
breathlessness,
Japanese turned to
truckman,
to hard
work
all
day long,
On
store,
another day
my
barrels
of flour,
back of the
in
8i
some
As
some
of
them laughed.
of flour lay.
He
picked
it
up, walked
it,
stood
in place,
the sidewalk.
The tone
in
of the
men
in
the
group changed
an instant.
who
with
commanded
jiu-jitsu.
their respect.
Now
he understands
how
sure,
To be
some
little
amount
in
of
knack required
but the founpossession
of
performance of either
of
feat,
dation
success
lay
the
perfectly developed
back muscles.
6.
Any American
82
constant work at
its
Many
much
to do with the
Some
be given, however,
a
Take
in
good look
at the
work that
is
shown
scription thoroughly,
There
is
not a muscle
in
is
not
other.
hands, with
vic-
fingers interlaced,
own hands
to
hang limp
vic-
it
assailant has
83
it is
possible to bring
It
and neck
in
an
effort to
this
pulling
down
of the head.
The
Now
comes the
slowly
He must
head upward,
until, at last,
he stands
and has
Then,
after a
is
This
excellent
work
for
girls to practise
out of school
Stop
at the
and
bout.
is
There
is
of great value
suits, or it
when the
floor at
pupils wear
in
gymnasium
can be practised
ordinary clothing
home.
floor, flat
on
his back.
Now
lift
84
The
and the
finished
when
This
is
little
benefit
when
is
assailant
and victim
One such
any one
enough
in
Next,
let
one knee.
right
is
he uses
is
his
now
all
to
be described.
he should use
his left
this
The hand
held as high as
it
will
in a slanting position,
The
hands resting on
his hips,
and back to
as-
sailant.
Now
ward
until
companion.
85
support him.
When
this point
is
reached, the
standing position.
In turn the assailant employs the hand, arm,
in
the previous
is
more
Then,
after
moments,
assailant
is
places,
done exactly
was before.
this
work can
for each
at first,
two movements
enough to introduce
one of the
Now, by way
as
is
possible.
The
raises
assailant, standing
him to
erect posi-
This
exercise
may
be carried farther
his
the victim
promptly extends
zontally.
wrists,
arms
laterally
and
hori-
The
companion's
backward, and
86
who
assailant
back to his
it
feet
from
this position,
and, generally,
release being
good work
lies
when the
and
is
victim
face
downward on the
feet.
floor
by
the raising.
this,
The
victim,
who
gains
nothing from
benefit
by becoming
A
back
lies
face
The
assailant,
abdomen and
tries to
floor.
As
his
the latter
lifted
hands and
but otherwise
the victim has
When
far as is possible,
the aggressor
87
now
tim
As
the vicin
order
that he
From
very gradually
of lying flat
on the back
This
is
performed.
all
the benefit
it
When
may do
his back.
for
on
His
feet
When
the right
and
this will
be
tempt to
raise his
body
be
At
first
this will
all
88
By
the
work
is
attempted
will
in this posi-
When
has
been reached,
him attempt
his heels
to walk forward
his
and backward on
hands.
will
One
or
two steps
in either direction
may
lie
face
downward, using
which to
rise.
his toes
and
his
hands on
Then
as in the preceding
move-
But
this
it
exercise, while
is
in
a while,
strong back.
There
is
some American
strictly in
accordance
jiu-jitsu.
It will
be
this
volume.
89
it.
He
over his
little
Now, way at
and a
little
the floor.
moving
until
his
is
he
starting position.
When
this
in
several succeeding
bouts,
the pupil
cles, especially
is
floor,
backward slowly
until his
hands touch
and then
90
no misgivings
Yet
this
well as for
as
life
lasts.
inall
first
structor
of jiu-jitsu,
his
life,
through
started as a boy.
Now,
upon the
and van-
any kind
effort.
of combat,
But
it
all
of this
back work
girls in
good
at
Weakly
pupils
must be
in
this
all,
The
exer-
When
very light
is
work
is
the cer-
91
work that
is
a
is
trifle
harder.
affliction of
When
call
there
any
the back or
the spine, the instructor or class teacher should the parents' attention to the matter and
at-
in
may do any
work
it
and,
if
so, to
prescribe just
how
strongly
should be done.
CHAPTER
DEEP
BREATHING,
FOOD,
VII
BATHING, AND CLOTHING HOW ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO RUIN HEALTH AND SPOIL THE ATHLETE
health
is
Perfect
Many
up
its
other factors
of the
body and
keeping
it
constantly at
best pitch.
The
ing
is
Just
Any
pupil
the
way down
to the
abdomen.
This breath-
the shoulders.
Every physical
trainer,
method
of breath-
borne
92
in
Deep Breathing
breathing
is
93
exercising, but at
times.
On
first
rising in the
it
quite a
little
time
in
the pure
air of early
morning.
Do
not sleep
in a sealed
room
at night, but
if
but a
trifle,
and
Did any
of
closely a
sledge-hammer?
gives vent to a
strikes
he
"huh!
"
If
he does
this,
makes
his
So
he
is
right;
the gasping-out of
"huh!"
any labourer
his
will allow
you to
rest
one
hand on
or
abdomen while he swings the pick sledge-hammer, you will be able to note
far
how
he
carries his
deep breathing.
94
It
volume.
The members
of
The Japanese, on
meat, and cattle
little
The
its
product
is
eaten to
England.
On account
used, although
Cooked
Fish
is
served at every
used.
meal.
is
much
When
is
used
The
fish,
The
foreign
the
first
tempted to wonder
if
every
Food
family in the land does not
fishing junk.
95
own
at least
one
Vegetables and
fruits in
we
in
Light eating
is
Japan.
An
American or an Englishman
satisfied
not likely to be
him the
benefit of eating
who have
A little
by
is
bit of
cooked
is
rice,
some
fruit,
eaten
at noon, followed
after the day's toil
meal
at night
People of
all
classes in
freely of water.
At
is
least
sume.
in
This water
cool,
True,
cities
considerable
demand
in
summer
for little
9^
voured syrup
country
Water
is
Nearly
the land
every man,
woman, and
child
in
summer The Japanese inclines to hot baths hotter than we could endure, but the cold bath is much enhas at least two baths a day, and in
joyed.
bathing
rising.
The
best time
retire.
at night, just
before one
is
about to
Before leaving
in
be endured.
Then
down
well,
and go to bed.
Bathing
97
are
hot
Tepid
who cannot
Sooner than
really
warm,
it is
by brisk
Students
who
tion
by exercise out
the
fresh
underclothing
should
take
its
As
for clothing,
it
One
should never
order
may have
In mild weather,
when one
98
is
well
by removing
all
of the
sitting
bath" by
naked
for
bodily activity,
can
women and
girls that
less to
them.
our
It
artists,
and students
in
when
ploy a
woman
as a
model
if
The
come
the
up to the requirements
first
girl in
grow
fectly
will
to
developed waist.
unrestricted breathing.
of
girl
the
if
she con-
Clothing
tinues to refrain from
99
after she reaches
them
womanhood.
Few
those
Japanese
women wear
corsets,
except
who belong
These women
are brought
much
European
it
neces-
including the
And
all
these
their
arrayed in
and conthe
more natural
sisters of
conceivable that,
many women
Some
of the Japanese
somewhat
imbued
with
notion of the
corset, improvise
part
or
costume
tied
is
the
obi,
is
Some women
effect
is
tie
this
not gained
much ground.
L.cfC
known known
liquor,
seldom found
large cities
live.
During
his stay in
Even
is
home as sober as they came. The only Japanese who use alcohol frequently are the few who
have thought
it
to be regarded as a food.
when
alcohol
is
oxidised
and taken
and
No.
17.
LIFTING
THE
START.
Bad
loi
food
effect
has passed
off,
when but
small quan-
we use food
it
to build
up
efforts of
which
capa-
nothing
like a food.
2,
In medical
works
it
is
described as
poison,
and
this defi-
Antidotes are
is
given
system.
Twenty-five hun-
They
in-
enormous quantities
they used
in
but
small quantities.
of
few
I02 Physical
dawn
When
what he thought
stuff;
"Bad
make
man
wild beast."
Nor
Yako
knew the
taste
of even sake.
it
at
all.
In this country,
when athletes are training for any event, the first move of the trainer is to cut off the use of
alcohol and tobacco.
it
stabs the
it
causes the
liver
to
enlarge;
tissue
the joints
No. 18.
An
excellent exercise
Bad
Effects of Alcohol
it
103
a prey to disease.
against
alcohol
could be
The made
times longer.
the
evil
effects
of
alcohol.
makes
it
The quantity
is
of alcohol
must be
inis
sought
not obtained.
A quantity
of liquor
boy
very
ill
is
about
necessary to
may
after
And,
alcohol
is
The
There
is all
but impossible.
Western
cities as
a reporter of police
news
for daily
journals.
Naturally he saw
much
of
the
vicious
and criminal
classes.
statistics at
hand on the
is
that
came under
his notice
were committed
encountered
alcohol in
its
habitual user of
first
drink
The boy
or
girl,
man
will
or
taken the
first
sip of
an alcoholic beverage
is
Tobacco
it
is
human
The
Indian,
it
who was
the
first
When
all
visitors
was passed to
who
whiffs,
sat
The
Bad
in
Effects of
Tobacco
105
the same
manner
It re-
mained
Like
all
when used
them weaker.
and
less as
The
will-
power becomes
less
the existence
The
heart
is
follows.
The
first
he
is
likely to
be made deathly
That
he
is
able to
intervals.
effects.
smoke with nausea at less frequent Tobacco is slow and insidious in its One may smoke for years without
try to break off the habit now.
But
let
him
He
finds that
he cannot sleep
;
his
nerves have
gone to pieces
he
is
And,
if
he
up
No
matter
how much
stubborn
the
man may
will
The only
course
of
is
a long
treatment under
circum-
form.
cannot be described.
use tobacco.
it
Most
is
must be ad-
among
Many
of the older
threatened
country.
E <
-S
Bad
I
Effects of
Tobacco
in
107
if
Tokio,
he used tobacco.
"Why?"
studying.
spoil
I
he
asked
in
surprise.
"I am
wish to
know something?
fool?
it is
my
brain and
become
strong?
pigs.
Once, down
Yokohama,
should
saw some
offer
Why
them tobacco, but they not touch it. " I make myself worse than pig?
CHAPTER
VIII
FEATS FOR RAPIDLY STRENGTHENING THE WHOLE BODY OF THE ADVANCED STUDENT
It
is
who
has slowly,
all
faithfully,
the
down
he has
many
be
and
will
very fully
None
the
his
beginner
commits
this
blunder
before
he
will
reap
disappointment
io8
and
muscular
punishment.
No. 21.
BACK BENDING WITH RESISTANCE WHEN THE FORWARD DRAG IS ATTEMPTED THE START.
109
all
of the
move-
of
the stomach,
;
they
less
body to a greater or
will find
degree.
no
difficulty in
of the feats
If
he has been
have no
difficulty in
comprehending
just
what
good
is
movement.
Only a glance
is
needed
girls
in
order to underin
shown
photograph
number seventeen
and the
victim
at
The
her sides.
In
fact,
tim
is
The
latter
assailant
of
the work.
The
work
begins.
ward
latter
on her
feet,
the
weight.
repeated.
in
Once
contestant
is
enough
it
a practice
bout, although at
home
may
be practised
many
times
is
in
succession,
provided
deep
breathing
done
and
if
Now
comes a
diversion from
"dry"
instruction.
It
is
a per-
formance that
may be
freely translated
from
ing himself.
tricks of
really
combat
in jiu-jitsu,
enables
adversary
it
may be
companion by the
The
victim clasps his hands just below the abswiftly to the left,
to
No. 22.
BACK BENDING WITH PUPILS SIDE BY SIDE AND HANDS CLASPED OVERHEAD.
1 1
and the
is
throat-hold
is
broken as
if
by magic.
the victim
at his left
In photograph
number eighteen
hands up
shown with
in
his clenched
and just
At
been thoroughly
more than
quickly, as
work be done
found when
actual
benefit in training
off is
throw-
sides.
any discomfort
is
caused by the
may be
more
it
sailant will
it
will
be
much
difficult to dislodge.
may be
in
move-
ment
fashion.
Another form
hold that
of light
illustrated
and described
Chapter
The
assailant seizes
his
companion by
The
victim
"ducks" down,
rises
liberating his
quickly,
by the
throat,
At
this
rapidly,
the
whole
idea
is
mastered.
Then
it
An
excellent form of
drill
is
shown
in
photo-
depicted.
tends her
left
arm
so that the
hand
is
about
on a
line
The
assailant
At the start the victim's palm is downward. The assailant closes the fingers of her engaged
hand over the back
of the victim's wrist, the
thumb
A
and
as
Now
the assailant
down
possible.
113
repeated.
The danger
of taking
in
up advanced work
at
the training
may be
well
scribed.
It
how
to do this last
The The
lower
this
all
afterwards.
and pain
end.
drill
next day.
advanced student
features.
will find
this
His
himin
perform the
drill
without any
There
trated
is
is illus-
Here
left
as-
Now
Next, the
When
the
hand downward.
Then
is
hand extended
horizontally
The
hands^
fingers inslightly
Now, the
victim
bends
rests
assail-
NO. 24.
1 1
Now
The
assailant
As
a finish
are
engaged.
It
follows that,
these two
movements,
assailant
and
repeat.
must be employed
must be
grip
so
The
starting
position
shown
in
photograph
number
twenty-one.
may be accomplished
of the
movement
that
number twenty-two
in
illustrates.
and facing
opposite directions.
The
The
assailant
possible resistance.
Then
movement may
Then
As much
at
it
of this
work
as time will
urged to repeat
It is a
cially for
shown
in
photo-
At
the beginning
The
victim
proper hold.
This hold
is
rightly taken
when
The
arm
is
No. 25.
117
down,
As soon
been rightly
companion
all
forward
the latter
downward pressure. The first movement ends when the assailant has sunk down upon one knee. The second half begins when the victim starts to rise, hamresisting the
half of the
when
is
Then movement
Nor
is
the position
arm
in
to be allowed to shift at
any stage
movement.
order should be the exercise that
clear.
Next
The
The
latter pupil
is
now
may be
done,
in
the reverse
The way in
vic-
sides of the
new
in
tim's body.
There
is
a variation of this
work
which
The
right
hand
is
thrown around
left
is
illustrates
work
in the
same
class.
The
contestants face
on the aggressor's
hips.
The
edge of
No. 26.
119
and
after
which the
reversed,
more of the movements. order comes a neck and back movecalls for
strong resistance.
As
is
photograph number twenty-six, the assailant stands behind the victim. He takes
hold of the latter with his finger-tips pressing
in
the
back of the neck just at the base of the skull. As soon as this hold has been obtained the
victim bends forward, without resistance, to the position that the photograph depicts.
Now
The
deavours to pull him over backward as far as he can. When victory has been achieved the
victim attempts to bring himself slowly and
exercise
and the
neck just
is
back
The
re-
victim
sisting, is pulled
The
vic-
One
this
of the
most
difficult of all
the feats of
are
fairly
class,
is
when
the
opponents
matched,
that which
illustrates.
photograph number
twenty-seven
Again
the pupils
The
assailant places
The
must take
firm hold
in
Now
he
is
the assailant
is
expected to
stubbornly
down, the
is
latter
until
one knee.
This
by no means an easy
that
assailant.
is
Without any
No. 27.
FORCING THE VICTIM TO ONE KNEE, AND THEN, AFTER TO THE OTHER KNEE.
RISING,
121
companion
it
is
possible to evolve
it
must be borne
conformity
mind that
sets of
all
must be
strictly in
same
The
pupils
who
athletic
and
his
power to en-
substitute exercises.
At
As
the
summer
begins pupils
who
is
live
near
permitted
122 Physical
ment
if
the
in
more
performed
on shore
Two
by more Japanese
There
is
a zest to
entire
when the
When
this
attempted
at
there must be a
amount
of deep
is
made.
contestant return to
the water
strain in
he
feels
any
the
of his muscles.
When
brisk
struggles
thing that
of muscle.
calls for
the effective
employment
There
is
a feeling of real,
new
life
CHAPTER
IX
MORE ABOUT RESISTANCE OF MUSCLES EXERCISES THAT EMPLOY IT TO THE UTMOST SUMMER OUT-DOOR SPORTS
Before
passing on to a description of ad-
one
set of
muscles by another.
may
two students working together, but there are numerous resistant exercises that may be
are
is
obliged
work
alone.
This idea
may be
simply explained
fists,
if
the
and hold
his
hands
Now, the
the hands to
move up-
face,
down
to the
At
it
continues so
up to the
the
left hip.
And
here
is
in
The
right wrist
must
resist
up
until the
overhead
The
left wrist
must
right.
the
hip
is
reached, and
it
will
bright pupil
this
is
many
seconds to understand
why
so.
On
wrist
if
the return
movement from
the
left hip,
left
But,
is
this
exercise
reversed,
and the
start
made from
at the start
the
left hip,
employed
for lowering.
an excel-
rigidly as possible.
Now,
bring the
up
until the
Resistance of Muscles
125
is
in
other
words,
that
of the
resist
That
arm up
hard to
by one
make the arm stay down through the employment of the other set of muscles. If the work
is
fist
will
first,
as
it
is
being
brought up.
But
it
more
If
Exercise the
left
arm
in
arm has
of this
work
When
the principle
arm work
is
thoroughly understood
at the
in
both arms
may be employed
same time.
which similar
instance, hold
For
up sideways,
a
resisting the
upward pressure by
fist,
downward
fists
one.
or
downward,
uppermost.
Return to
clenched.
will go,
Swing arms
as far
backward as
they
body.
movement
the
of the
Return
forward
movement by
hand
the
in front of
much
resistance with
its
the
left
right
hand has to do
hardest work.
Then
hand back
With
hands
abdomen.
left
Employ
level
start-
up to a
No. 28.
Resistance of Muscles
127
In
all
of these exercises
is
Much
in
de-
the
resistant
may
carry
out by himself.
he makes an intelligent
study of them he
will
He
can improvise
many
other exercises to
applies.
to advanced exercises in
Photograph number
The
hand
as-
victim's
right
wrist,
the
each,
at the outset,
The assailant
trifle
com-
Then the
assailant
and inward.
gaged
in
There are
ployed
really three
Both hands of each contestant may be emat once, the assailant grasping
each of
The
is
now
left
left
wrist.
The same
out-
in fact, possible to
extend
this
work to
nine movements.
The arm
little
or arms,
may be
in front of
the body,
with
in this position.
may
be held forward,
can be executed.
But the
first
three move-
ments, with the engaged hands held chesthigh, are to be given the preference, the other
No. 29.
Resistance of Muscles
129
The two
resistant
slightly
girls
shown
work.
in
photograph number
is
known
as
neck
Each
leans
forward
seize
Each may
may employ this clasp may take hold of the companThe head of each is bent shoulders.
left
other's neck.
The necks
the
nitist cross.
For one
the
contestant to press
cheek
against
Now
the contestants,
without
side.
resistance,
The one
whose head
is
endeavours to press the victim's head completely over to the other side.
When
is
this has
assailant,
resistance,
carried
is
This exercise
one
by
form the
9
feat in a vimful
first
way
beginners at the
attempt.
of
any value.
The
ag-
the latter's waist and hands clasped at the victim's right side.
bends her
The
victim
out resistance.
When
been
can be
made
to
When
this point
the com-
prefers, position
may be
left
side
side.
It is
The next
success
is
feat to
be described
it
is
one
in
which
should be pos-
sible to the
advanced student.
side
The two
conin
testants
stand
by
side,
but facing
No. 30.
Resistance of Muscles
opposite directions.
131
The arms
of the contest-
are clasped
tightly,
are pressed
While the
tenseness
stiff
must
be
at
the wrists.
There must be
gaged shoulders.
As soon
been properly
As soon
far as
pushed over as
comes
ment
against
companion.
Photograph
the assailant
number
the position in
all
The movement
resistance
to be executed
now
Each
movement,
with
much
on both
sides.
132 Physical
contestant
possible,
is
ward.
This
may be
carried
made
to
bend backward
it
should
possible strength of
Among
scribed
is
one
in
again employed.
As
of
is
shown
in
photograph
number
ways
in
front
the victim.
The former
latter'
known
in
ordinary speech
As
re-
sistance.
When
left,
left
arm
for the
hug the
victim's
assailant
and
vice versa.
must be used
in this fashion
No. 31.
Resistance of Muscles
the victim turns aggressor
133
work.
In this work
all
of the benefit
able to give.
The utmost
limit of opposiassail-
tion
must be employed.
ant has the natural advantage, for which the victim must
resistance.
make up by
Now
of
all
of th.e Jiu-jitsu
is
of this drill
may be
This
acquired
it
will
be necessary
photograph number
should never be
at-
thirty-two.
drill
of
all
the
exercises
that
go
hand belonging to
The
pupil in the
pole.
At
is
first
who has
In the next
drill
at-
If
it
looks as
if
the
and
is
will
the work
begun.
Both shoulders
and
of
one
assailant
change
places.
in
who
well-developed
muscles, the
drill will
be mere sport.
its
is
As
early
close,
and the
summer comes
on,
it
and
work
for the
promotion of health.
faithfully
But the
.tirf'
"?
Resistance of Muscles
and applied
his jiu-jitsu training
135
throughout
his
how superior he is, physically, to the boy of own size and weight who has not had the
Th.Q jiujitsu
it is
boy
for
an athlete
whom
hard
one of
his
own
size to beat.
will
have to do
much
faster
girls
who
Any
upon
girl is called
Of
all
summer
season
Both
in
line
with jiu-jitsu.
who
are
home in the water no boy should how to swim There are many boys who do not know
Such a boy should be regarded
his
how
to swim.
as a freak,
comrades.
readily
The boy
to swim,
is
of eight
who cannot
learn
how
when
the opportunity to
learn exists,
coward.
Physical
seldom
exists
when
out self-confidence.
Make
pitch,
the boy or
is
girl strong,
self-confidence
developed to the
will
and swimming
become
it is
to a
dog or a
The boy
or girl
who
learns at eight,
for practice
age of ten
is
reached, to
is
soon as rowing with one hand has been mastered, the pupil always afterward
make
it
Summer Out-Door
point to
pull
Sports
137
two
oars.
the
The boy or girl who has opportunity should make a point of rowfirst
hours
Base-ball, cricket,
best
of
forces the
em-
ployment
ing.
Tennis
it
trains the
the body.
From
a very
a physical
point of view
croquet
is
stupid
and
unimportant
game,
it
its
and
all
On
could be written by
can-
Many
boy
when
I state
that an ordinary
fifteen
for a day's
tramp should be
Begin
first,
in
moderation
say
five miles a
day, at
is
this until
it
fifteen miles
between
sunrise
fatigue.
least feeling of
When
is
out-of-doors and to
and enduring.
Starting soon
and a water-bottle,
the march
is
be started
for
that
known
dis-
Half of the
If there
is
noon meal.
of the day's
farm-house.
each of
whom
on
hay-mow.
Summer Out-Door
In the morning,
if
Sports
139
there
is
a swimming-place
of the
tramp
Girls, properly
of endurance.
tramp
to
a day.
is
In a country as rich
there are
in history as
Japan
many
points to be visited
and studied.
be
kinds for
the trampers.
pedestrians
this
country.
rare in
As
somewhat
and
in
public buildings.
The
HO
Japanese do not go
much
in
for sprinting or
double-time that
up
for at
two or three
miles.
girl
is
should get
all
of the
good that
in
summer.
But
not be
All of
will
know how
CHAPTER X
MUSCLE-BOUND AMERICAN ATHLETESMISTAKES THAT THE JAPANESE AVOID LAST WORDS TO PUPILS
One
college
athlete,
American and
British
gymnasiums
after a
that
many
a promising
as
brief,
brilliant
career
Then he
is
experienced athletes
who
will,
in time, suffer
What
might be
is
that
condition
It
is
known
as
being
muscle-bound?
called,
The
real
glance,
tremendous power.
But
their
The
The
cause?
is
excess
142 Physical
of training.
The college or other young man who is trying to make a strong man of himself does not stop when all his physical indications
point to the fact that he has had exercise
enough
for
one day.
He is
is
securing
it
through
in
one
The muscles
are
sadly
over-taxed.
of little
Your American athlete will proudly double his arm and show you great knots of muscle. The upper arm, especially, is "bumpy."
Thick,
back.
thigh.
swelling
They
If
are found
on
his
this
man
is
addicted to excessive
exercise,
condition.
He
muscle-bound.
There
is
much
atten-
tion as
in
it
should.
Muscle-Bound Athletes
the tissues.
143
a slight
The
result of
such work
is
It
may
feel stiff
and
exercise
more
result
lightly
when he resumes.
Na-
and the
is
works serious
Were
the
young
could not
move
The Japanese
severely
as
ments.
the work.
opponent
But
this
it
is
done only
in
when
necessary
combat no part
of the
body
is
ever injured
in
the feats that are intended simply for the training of the muscles the Japanese employs far
less
than his
full
strength.
It
is
only when
making comparative
employs
tests of strength
and en-
As a result
what
it is
graduates
la jiu-jitsu
do not know
Yako,
nearly
to
become muscle-bound.
now
an instructor
looked
puzzled.
He had
visitors,
He had
but the
asked
many
of the
most
left
Every day he
it is
on the
floor, exer-
cising as often as
of a pupil,
was to be muscle-bound.
145
known
has
now
man
who
For months
hours a day on the floor of his school, exercising almost continuously with pupils.
short man, of compact, solid build.
is
He
His
is
flesh
so hard that
it
suggests iron
it is
it.
impossible
to
He
can
American athlete
San
is
his feet.
Yet Inouye
He
body and
most
of an
ling
insignificant of
them.
He
if
will
take hold
opponent as gently as
he were hand-
an infant
is
and
his
ponent
on
back on the
uninjured
fell.
some
all,
scribed
in
of his
But when
this advice
if
And
it
must be
after day,
but only at
In general
it
should be borne
in
mind
that,
it
is
He
who
exercises
firmly,
muscles that
in
will
but which,
the
moment
The author
training.
no part
whatever.
Track
athletics, as
in
we understand
came
in
peoples.
But
the
graduate of a Japanese
school
is
up the track
effectively
if
he so chooses.
147
lukewarm
There
if
are
many Japanese
set their
they
would
own
and
He
is
aware of
its
superiority,
and
its
results,
to convince
him
men are decidedly the reverse They do not care for display. Hence they do not care for our gymnasium or track work, and when an American athlete, or
Japanese
of boastful.
his British brother,
is
to be dissuaded
athletics.
Far from
it.
Even
should
keep up the
to
work,
and
For
girls,
amount
of
track
work
is
advisable.
at the
faithfully
unable to
at the be-
size
it
was
It is to
be remembered
is
"bumpy" arm
not
the surest
indication of strength.
Muscular
power
is
tested best
by the
The
little
in
be a powerful and
enduring
man,
will
to the
directed.
As
and
in hardness.
The observing
149
not, increase
the
amount
From
is
grow harder
At
leg,
should be watched.
when
If
tensed,
"as hard as
rocks."
enough,
and
close to
At
back there
will
be no particular evidence of
lift
and
so doing.
How
girl in
long
is
it
One
school year
cially
when
the
work So
is
practised frequently
out-of-school.
little
home
mate.
every day,
first
selecting a fairly-matched
But
it is
make
the pupil
permanently strong.
kept up at school
The first year of practice The work should be and at home all through the
It
should be taken
Jiujitsu, in-
and practised
there.
Last
Words
to Pupils
151
life lasts. life
It will It will
do a any
make
and endurance
in
walk of
life.
As the whole
year
this
in
course laid
down
in this
volume
school
is
first
it
up there
is
re-
sumed
The
student,
He
will,
or at
coming
bout.
Intelligence
is
the
first
exercises
when
It
In a
it
little
while
it
will
to the
of
competent pupil to
own groups
152 Physical
exercises for
Training
for
Children
the start of
coming bouts.
if
At
it
such selection,
practicable,
will
be well for
group of
feats,
and
explain
reasons
for
the choice of
movements.
Little urging will be required to keep the
boy who
builds
loves to be
once he has
up the muscular
be
it.
The
instructor,
or
teacher,
With
to
pupils
who show
work
it
equally
important
question
do so with
sufficient vim.
little
The
preparation of this
volume has
It
was undertaken
Last
Words
to Pupils
153
will feel
if
The author
stronger,
more
cheerful,
present.
THE END
JIU-JITSU
J^^~JitSU Ji^-JitSU
is
the Japanese
method of Physical
Training.
Jm-JitSU
Jiu-jitsu
means
is
easily learnt.
J^U"J^tSU
H. Irving Hancock's
timely book,
illustrations,
net $1.25
(postage IOC.)
Gazette
in its review of
"A work
make a
point of
2.
"A text-book
much
of
the fascination
3.
of a good novel. " No one is likely to read the first chapter without becoming fired with a consuming desire to go right through the book."
Send
G.
P.
NEW YORK
PUTNAM'S SONS
LONDON
'^
PKysical Training
for
AVomen
(JiU'Jitsu)
4
'^J^
according to
Japanese MetKods
H.
of
By
Author
IRVING HANCOCK
"Japanese PHysical Training,"
With 32 illustrations. (By mail, $1.35)
" the
JVet,
etc.
i2mo.
$1.25
One
weaker sex." In Japan the women are no weaker than men, and in this country they have no right to be. This is due to the fact that the Japanese women exercise in substantially the same way as the men, and devote fully as much time to the endeavor of gaining and maintaining strength. From remote antiquity, there has existed in
the English language
\Jltima.te\y Jiu-jitsu
is
a highly
scientific
combat is reached, however, much work must be devoted to acquiring a knowledge y^-I^J, of the nerves and muscles, such as comes ^'j^l "^ from well-sustained preliminary practice.
Sead
lor Illustrated Circular,
G.
P.
PUTNAM'S SONS
LONDON
p-'l
NEW
YORK.
828
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